Professional Documents
Culture Documents
DRIP IRRIGATION 1
WATER APPLICATION
DRIP IRRIGATION 2
PRESSURIZED IRRIGATION
DRIP IRRIGATION 5
GLOBAL WATER RESOURCES
GRAPHICAL PRESENTATION
DRIP IRRIGATION 6
GLOBAL WATER RESOURCES
DRIP IRRIGATION 7
GLOBAL HYDROLOGICAL
CYCLE – km3
DRIP IRRIGATION 8
WATER USAGE GROWTH IN
THE 20th CENTURY
DRIP IRRIGATION 9
GLOBAL IRRIGATED AREA AND
WATER WITHDRAWALS
DRIP IRRIGATION 10
ADVANTAGES OF DRIP
IRRIGATION (1)
DRIP IRRIGATION 13
THE DRIPPER
DRIP IRRIGATION 14
EARLY DRIPPERS
DRIP IRRIGATION 15
INITIAL BLASS DRIPPER
DRIP IRRIGATION 16
DRIPPER’S TYPES
DRIP IRRIGATION 17
DRIPPERS CLASSIFICATION
POSITION
MOUNTING
PATTERN (Water Passageway)
PRESSURE DEPENDENCE
DRIP IRRIGATION 18
DRIPPERS’ POSITION
DRIP IRRIGATION 19
ON-SURFACE DRIP
IRRIGATION ADVANTAGES
Easy maintenance
Cheap installation, compared with SDI
DRIP IRRIGATION 20
ON-SURFACE DRIP
IRRIGATION LIMITATIONS
Woodpecker
DRIP IRRIGATION 21
SDI ADVANTAGES
DRIP IRRIGATION 22
SDI DISADVANTAGES
DRIP IRRIGATION 23
SDI INSTALLATION
DRIP IRRIGATION 24
SDI LATERAL BURYING
DRIP IRRIGATION 25
DRIPPERS’ MOUNTING
OPTIONS
IN-LINE
ON-LINE
INTEGRAL
PERFORATED THIN-WALL TAPE
DRIP IRRIGATION 26
IN-LINE DRIPPERS
DRIP IRRIGATION 27
ON-LINE DRIPPERS
DRIP IRRIGATION 28
INTEGRAL DRIPPERS
DRIP IRRIGATION 29
TAPE DRIPPERS
DRIP IRRIGATION 30
T-TAPE FILLED WITH
WATER
DRIP IRRIGATION 31
DRIPPER STRUCTURE
(WATER PASSAGEWAY)
LONG PATH
LABYRINTH
TOOTHED PATH
VORTEX
ORIFICE
DRIP IRRIGATION 32
EVOLUTION OF THE
PASSAGEWAY PATTERN
DRIP IRRIGATION 33
APERTURE AND
VORTEX PASSAGEWAYS
Aperture Vortex
DRIP IRRIGATION 34
TURBULENT WATER FLOW
DRIP IRRIGATION 35
ADVANCED TOOTHED
PASSAGEWAYS
DRIP IRRIGATION 36
MULTI-OUTLET DRIPPER
DRIP IRRIGATION 37
ARROW DRIPPER
DRIP IRRIGATION 38
ULTRA-LOW FLOW
DRIPPERS
DRIP IRRIGATION 39
SOIL WETTING PATTERN WITH
ULTRA-LOW FLOW-RATE
DRIPPER
DRIP IRRIGATION 40
SELF SEALING DRIPPER
DRIP IRRIGATION 41
NO-DRAIN DRIPPERS
DRIP IRRIGATION 42
LASER PERFORATION
DRIP IRRIGATION 43
FLOW-RATE PRESSURE
RELATIONSHIP
NON-COMPENSATING DRIPPER
COMPENSATING DRIPPER
DRIP IRRIGATION 44
PRESSURE AND WATER
POTENTIAL UNITS
DRIP IRRIGATION 45
EMITTER’S FLOW-RATE –
PRESSURE RELATIONSHIP
Q= k×P x
DRIP IRRIGATION 46
ON PRESSURE –FLOW-RATE
RELATIONSHIP EFFECT OF
DRIPPER EXPONENT
DRIP IRRIGATION 47
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE
EMITTER EXPONENT
DRIP IRRIGATION 48
PRESSURE COMPENSATING
DRIPPERS - COMPONENTS
DRIP IRRIGATION 49
COMPENSATION
MECHANISM
DRIP IRRIGATION 50
FLOW-RATE – PRESSURE
CURVES
DRIP IRRIGATION 51
TYPICAL LAYOUT OF DRIP
IRRIGATION SYSTEM
DRIP IRRIGATION 52
THE CONTROL HEAD
DRIP IRRIGATION 53
AUTOMATIC VALVES
DRIP IRRIGATION 54
AIR RELIEF/RELEASE
VALVES
DRIP IRRIGATION 55
ATMOSPHERIC VACUUM
BREAKERS
DRIP IRRIGATION 56
PRESSURE REGULATORS
DRIP IRRIGATION 57
PIPES
DRIP IRRIGATION 58
PVC PIPES FOR IRRIGATION
AND WATER SUPPLY
DRIP IRRIGATION 60
POLYETHYLENE PIPE TYPES
DRIP IRRIGATION 61
PIPE WALL THICKNESS
DRIP IRRIGATION 62
PIPE CONNECTORS
DRIP IRRIGATION 63
DRIP LATERAL
CONNECTORS
DRIP IRRIGATION 64
LOCK-FASTENED CONNECTORS
DRIP IRRIGATION 65
LATERAL-END FLUSHING
DEVICE
DRIP IRRIGATION 66
WATER DISTRIBUTION IN
THE SOIL
DRIP IRRIGATION 67
WATER AND CHEMICALS
DISTRIBUTION IN SOIL
DRIP IRRIGATION 68
SOIL WETTING PATTERN
WITH SDI
DRIP IRRIGATION 69
SOIL WETTING PATTERN
DRIP IRRIGATION 70
ALTERNATIVE LAYOUTS OF
DRIP SYSTEMS
DRIP IRRIGATION 71
DESIGN ALTERNATIVES
DRIP IRRIGATION 72
ONE MAIN LINE
DRIP IRRIGATION 73
TWO MAIN LINES
DRIP IRRIGATION 74
SDI LAYOUT
DRIP IRRIGATION 75
MECHANIZED DEPLOYMENT OF
DRIP LATERALS
DRIP IRRIGATION 76
POTATOES - DRIP LATERALS
POSITIONED ON HILLOCKS
DRIP IRRIGATION 77
DRIP IRRIGATION
LAYOUTS IN ORCHARDS
DRIP IRRIGATION 78
APPLE DRIP
IRRIGATION
DRIP IRRIGATION 79
GRAPES DRIP
IRRIGATION
DRIP IRRIGATION 80
DRIP IRRIGATION OF
POTTED PLANTS
DRIP IRRIGATION 81
DUNES DRIP
IRRIGATION
DRIP IRRIGATION 82
ROADSIDE DRIP
IRRIGATION
DRIP IRRIGATION 83
SIMPLIFIED DRIP SYSTEM
FOR THE POOR
DRIP IRRIGATION 84
NETAFIM FDS ARRAY
(FDS – Family Drip System)
DRIP IRRIGATION 85
FDS DETAILS
DRIP IRRIGATION 86
TREADLE PUMP
DRIP IRRIGATION 87
MAINTENANCE – CRITICAL
ISSUES IN INSTALLATION
PVC PIPES
LATERALS
ROUTINE INSPECTION
PUMP INPECTION
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
SYSTEM FLUSHING AND CLEANING
TREATING PLUGGED DRIPPERS
DRIP IRRIGATION 88
INSTALLATION AIDS
DRIP IRRIGATION 89
WATER FLOW PATTERNS
Laminar flow
Turbulent flow
Transitional flow
DRIP IRRIGATION 90
WATER FLOW PATTERNS
ILLUSTRATED
DRIP IRRIGATION 91
LAMINAR FLOW
DRIP IRRIGATION 95
HEAD LOSS IN FITTINGS
DRIP IRRIGATION 97
HEAD LOSS COEFFICIENTS IN
DIFFERENT FITTINGS
DRIP IRRIGATION 98
FLOW-RATE – PRESSURE
RELATIONSHIP
DRIP IRRIGATION 99
PRESSURE AND WATER
POTENTIAL UNITS
Longitudinal head-losses
• Caused by the friction of water
molecules with pipe walls
Local head-losses
• Caused by the friction of water
moleculeS with the inner surface of
accessories
Pipe length
Pipe inner cross-section
Pipe wall smoothness
Water flow-rate
Water viscosity
Pipe length: 30 m.
Hazen-Williams design coefficient : 140
Flow-rate: 36 m3/h
Internal pipe diameter: 76 mm
J= 64 0/00 = 6.4%