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Title: Healthcare Big Data Voice Pathology Assessment Framework

Author: M. SHAMIM HOSSAIN1, (Senior Member, IEEE), and GHULAM MUHAMMAD2

Year: 2016

Description:

 An increasing number of sensors, smart phones, wearable or portable/implantable devices


are being used to provide healthcare services at home and in hospitals.
 These services produce a huge amount of disparate healthcare data, including structured
(e.g., electronic health records; EHRs), semi-structured (physician-to-patient, and patient-
to-patient communication through email, social media, and web) and unstructured
(clinical notes, claims and informal texts) data.
 This so-called `big data' comes in different forms such as text, images, audio, and video.
Being so broad and complex, traditional healthcare data analysis or processing
techniques, algorithms or frameworks, may be unable to handle big data properly to
provide useful insights into the healthcare industry.

Advantages:

 High Level of Accuracy and time management.


 High Efficiency.

Disadvantages:

 Format of big data, big data transfer and processing, searching and mining of big data,
and management of services.
Algorithm:

 Machine Learning Algorithms


 Classification Algorithms

Techniques:

 Feature Extraction Technique.


Title: Federated Internet of Things and Cloud Computing Pervasive Patient Health
Monitoring System
Author:Jemal H. Abawajy and Mohammad Mehedi Hassan.

Year: 2017

Description:

 Healthcare costs in many countries are increasing at an unsustainable rate. In the United
States, for instance, healthcare spending is expected to be $4.8 trillion in 2021, which is
close to 20 percent of gross domestic product.
 Factors accounting for the increasing healthcare spending include chronic diseases,
waste, and inefficiencies such as over-treatment, and redundant, inappropriate, or
unnecessary tests and procedures.
 In addition, advances in medicine over the last decades have significantly increased the
average life expectancy while simultaneously decreasing the rate of mortality
substantially.
 As a result, the number of elderly people has been rising constantly, which is placing a
strain on the healthcare services. The need to bring healthcare costs into a sustainable
range is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed.
Advantages:

 A flexible, energy-efficient, and scalable remote patient health status monitoring


Framework.
 A health data clustering and classification mechanism to enable good patient care.
 Performance analysis of the PPHM framework to show its effectiveness.
Algorithm:
 Rank correlation coefficient (RCC) algorithm.
 Clustering algorithm.
Techniques:
 Optimization Techniques
Title: A Health Care Monitoring System with Wireless Body Area Network using IoT .
Author:Jisha Elizabeth Shaji1, Bibin Varghese, Rangit Varghese

Description:

 A new modern healthcare monitoring system introduces wireless body sensors to monitor
their medical parameters at any time in an economic and patient friendly manner.
 An IoT method is adapted to access the medical parameters of a patient in local and
remote area.
 The body sensor network system helps the people by providing healthcare services such
as medical data access and communication with healthcare provider in emergency
situations through SMS or GPRS.
 The multiple sensor nodes such as accelerometer, temperature sensor, pressure sensor,
plug in PPG sensor and ECG sensor with an on-board is integrated on a flexible solar
pane.
 Multiple nodes can be attached on different positions of the body to measure the
temperature distribution. The node can also measure the heartbeat and detect fall. The
flexible solar energy harvester uses a multiple power point tracking to power up the
sensor nodes.

Advantages:

 The continuous health monitoring with wearable sensors will increase the detection of
emergency conditions occur in risk patients.
 Flexible energy harvester.
 The data’s detected by these sensors can be accessed by doctors, family members and
emergency health care centers at any time.

Technique:

 MPPT technique (multiple point tracking)


Title:Enabling Communication Technologies for Smart Cities.
Author:Ibrar Yaqoob, Ibrahim Abaker Targio Hashem.

Year:2017

Description:

 Over the past few years, communication technology innovations have emerged as a
widely recognized trend and are expected to play a crucial in terms of providing
connectivity in smart cities.
 The vision of the future smart city paradigm is based on the notion of connectivity.
Certainly, connectivity plays a major role in smart cities to enable interoperable access
and interconnection among heterogeneous smart city objects.
 In smart cities, telecommunication infrastructures can also provide efficient delivery of
services and high-quality information through a large number of digital devices with the
involvement of various technologies, such as wireless sensor networks, machine-to-
machine, machine (M2M) communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication,
network virtualization, and gateways etc…

Advantages:
 Power saving.
 Collision avoidance.
 Low cost.

Disadvantages:
 Accessible in convinced cities only.
 Expensive to install.
 High signal attenuation.
 Mobility management is very difficult.
Algorithm:
 Encryption Algorithm
Techniques:
 Mobility management techniques.
Title: Migrate or not? Exploiting dynamic task migration in Mobile cloud computing
systems.
Author: Lazaros Gkatzikis and Iordanis Koutsopoulos
Year: 2013
Description:
 Contemporary mobile devices generate heavy loads of computationally intensive tasks,
which cannot be executed locally due to the limited processing and energy capabilities of
each device.
 Cloud facilities enable mobile devices-clients to offload their tasks to remote cloud
servers, giving birth to Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC).
 The challenge for the cloud is to minimize the task execution and data transfer time to the
user, whose location changes due to mobility.
 It provides quality of service guarantees is particularly challenging in the dynamic MCC
environment, due to the time-varying bandwidth of the access links.

Advantages:
 The elasticity of resource provisioning and the pay as- you-go pricing model.
 We delineate theperformance benefits that arise for mobile applications and identify the
peculiarities of the cloud that introduce significant challenges in deriving optimal
migration strategies.
 Reducing the energy consumption of individual servers by moving the processes from
heavily loaded to less loaded servers (load balancing).

Disadvantages:
 A strategy that does not consider migration cost and downloads time.
 No migration.
Title: Smart City Solution for Sustainable Urban Development
Author: Mostafa Basiri, Ali Zeynali Azim, Mina Farrokhi.
Year: 2017
Description:
 Large, dense cities can be highly efficient in which it is most desirable that side, by the
heads of the green, and the future porticos.
 Bearing to the influx of the citizens of the new challenges of the rapid advance to
command positions.
 The globalization of urban economics, cities increasingly have to compete directly with
worldwide and regional economies for international investment to generate employment,
revenue and funds for development.
 Smart Cities are those towns which use information technology to improve both the
quality of life and accessibility for their inhabitants.
Advantages:
 Reducing resource consumption, notably energy and water, hence contributing to
reductions in CO2 emissions.
 Improving commercial enterprises through the publication of real-time data on the
operation of city services.
 The growing penetration of fixed and wireless networks that allow such sensors and
systems to be connected to distributed processing centers and for these centers in turn
to exchange information among themselves.
Disadvantages:
 Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific
certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost effective measure to
prevent environmental degradation.
 The substitutability of capital.
 Sustainable development problem.
Technique:
 Information management technique
Title: Smart City Wireless Connectivity Considerations and Cost Analysis: Lessons Learnt
From SmartWater Case Studies.
Author: Parag Kulkarni and Tim Farnham.
Year: 2015
Description:
 There is a growing concern to reduce water wastage and improve the efficiency of water
distribution systems.
 Urban water systems given the proliferation in both the number of cities that is springing
up and the number of people moving to live in cities.
 Water utilities are operating in a challenging environment wherein they have to deal with
several operational issues and cost pressures.
 The benefits that one can accrue from the information should be carefully weighed
against the cost of gathering the information in the first place so as to identify the optimal
cost-benefit tradeoff.

Advantages:
 The water pressure can be optimized according to the demand and head losses. This also
has the positive side-effect that energy consumption is reduced for pumping the water,
while still meeting minimum pressure and water quality objectives.
 The costs of deploying pressure reducing valves (PRV) and variable frequency drives
(VFD) is balanced against the savings in terms of energy cost savings and non-revenue
water leakage reduction cost savings.
Disadvantages:
 Scheduling maintenance or when water quality issues are detected, it would be useful
(perhaps mandatory in the latter case) to engage with the customers by keeping them
informed of the same.
Algorithm:
 Listen-before-talk method.
Title: Big Data-Driven Service Composition Using Parallel Clustered Particle Swarm
Optimization in Mobile Environment.
Author: M. Shamim Hossain, Mohd Moniruzzaman, Ghulam Muhammad and Ahmed Ghoneim,
Atif Alamri.
Description:
 A mobile service providers support numerous emerging services with differing quality
metrics but similar functionality.
 The mobile environment is ambient and dynamic in nature, requiring more efficient
techniques to deliver the required service composition promptly to users.
 Selecting the optimum required services in a minimal time from the numerous sets of
dynamic services is a challenge.
 By using parallel processing, the optimum service composition is obtained in
significantly less time than alternative algorithms.

Advantages:
 The performance of this algorithm can be improved by using efficient optimization
techniques like PSO.
 Qualities of the mobile environment demand efficient optimization and clustering
techniques.

Disadvantages:
 The issue of parallel and distributed data operations where the structure of data is multi-
dimensional.
 Dynamic QoS and the rapidly changing nature of services in the mobile environment.

Algorithm:
 Particle swarm optimization
 k-means clustering

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