3.

3 Languages using the Arabic alphabet

Table 3.2: ArabTEX’s input conventions for Arabic and Persian

Exa.
3-3-1
a @ a ’alif b H. b bā’ p H p pā’

t H t tā’ _t H ¯
t
¯
tā’ ^g h. ǧ ǧı̄m

.h h h. h.ā’ _h p –h –hā’ d X d dāl

_d X d
¯
dāl
¯
r P r rā’ z P z zāy

s € s sı̄n ^s € š šı̄n .s  s. s.ād

.d  d. d.ād .t   .t .tā’ .z   z. z.ā’

‘ ¨ , ‘ayn .g ¨ ġ ġayn f ¬ f fā’

q † q qāf v ¬ v vā’ k ¼ k kāf

g À g gāf l È l lām m Ð m mı̄m

n à n nūn h è h hā’ w ð w wāw

y ø
y yā’ _A ø ā ’alif T
è h tā’
maqs.ūra marbut.a

other.
Table 3.2 shows ArabTEX’s input convensions for the Arabic and Persian languages.
A small example of the use of ArabTEX is the following Arabic anecdote about Juha and the 10
donkeys (We will use the text of Example 3-3-2 also in the examples of ArabXETEX). e text is shown
fully vocalized (\fullvocalize) and is transliterated inline (\transtrue). e title is centered and
typeset in bold (\setnashbf). e short Arabic text of the title is marked up inside the characters
sequence \< and >, while the longer Arabic text of the body of the story is enclosed inside an arabtext
environment. Compare the typeset output with the input text using the input conventions of Table 3.2.
Note the different forms of the letters, which are all composed by ArabTEX’s macros.

\usepackage{arabtex,atrans,nashbf}
\setarab\transtrue\fullvocalize
\setnashbf \centerline {\<^gu.hA wa-.hamIruhu al-`a^saraTu>}
\transtrue\setnash
\begin{arabtext}
i^starY ^gu.hA `a^saraTa .hamIriN.
fari.ha bihA wa-sAqahA 'amAmahu,
_tumma rakiba wA.hidaN minhA.
wa-fI al-.t.tarIqi `adda .hamIrahu wa-huwa rAkibuN,
fa-wa^gadahA tis`aTaN.
_tumma nazala wa-`addahA fa-ra'AhA `a^saraTuN fa-qAla:

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xetex-languages.tex,v: 2.02 2009/06/15