3C NANOTECHNOLOGY

CHEMICAL COMPLETE CONSISTENT

BONDING COATING COMPACTION
 CHEMICAL BONDING
Aggregate Surface with ZycoTherm Nano Layer

Strong Chemical Bonding

Basalt Granite Limestone

Weak Physical Bonding

 CHEMICAL BONDING

 Extended time & temperature of moisture conditioning parameter,

shows excellent retention of wet strength due to chemical bonding

 Chemical reaction is a must for excellent bitumen bonding

 ZycoTherm chemical reaction requires two hour conditioning /

ageing at 1350C as provided by AASHTO T 283 / ASTM tests (to
simulate ageing of actual production of mixes)
 THE CHEMICAL ACTION
-OH groups make surface very hydrophilic (water loving) Silanol
OH OH OH OH OH OH OH Groups

Si Si Si Si Si Si Si
Particle surface O O O O O O O O
O O O O O O O
O Si Si O Si Si Si Si
Si O
O O
O O O O O
O O

Aggregate / Soil / Clay / Sand surface silicate structure

ZycoTherm
creates molecular 4 - 6 nm
level hydrophobic O Alkyl
Siloxane
O O O O
Si Si Si Si Si Si Si
O O O O O O
zone O O surface
O O O O O O O
(water repellent)
Si Si Si Si Si Si Si
O O O O O O O O
Particle surface O O O O O O O
O Si Si O Si Si Si Si
Si O
O
Internal
O O O
O O O O O Siloxane bonds
Aggregate / Soil / Clay / Sand surface silicate structure after ZycoTherm reaction
 BITUMEN BINDER MICROSTRUCTURE

Polar Asphaltenes In Non-Polar

dispersed
(5- 15%) Maltenes (85-95%)
ZYCOTHERM – AGGREGATE - BINDER INTERACTION

ORANGE PEEL EFFECT APPLE SKIN EFFECT

Aggregate

Stripped Clean
Binder Water

Polar - Polar Interaction Non Polar – Non Polar Interaction

5-15 % Asphalt participates in 85-95 % Asphalt participates in
Bonding Bonding
 EXTEND LIFE – EXTEND TEST

Tests Current Specification Extended Specification

Boil Test ASTM D 3625 10 minutes 6 hours
Boil Test ASTM D 3625
( 4% Salt Water ) Zydex 10 minutes 6 hours
Standard
Static Immersion AASHTO
24 hours 7 / 15 days
T182

Rolling Bottle EN 12697-11 24 hours 96 hours

Conditioning 72 hours Conditioning

ITSR EN 12697 23
40oC 7 days 60oC

1 Freeze-Thaw,
Moisture Resistance
60o C 24 hours 5 to 7 Cycles
AASHTO T 283
conditioning Cycle

Marshall Compressive
Strength AASHTO T 165 / 60oC 24 hours 60oC 14 days
ASTM D 1075
BOIL TEST ASTM D3625 : EXTEND TO 6 HOURS

100
90
80
% Coated Aggregates

70
60
50 10 min
40 30 min
30
1 hr
20
10 6 hrs
0
Control 2% 0.5% Amine 0.1%
Hydrated ZycoTherm
Lime

Basalt Aggregate (DBM) : 45% 20 mm, 10% 10 mm, 45% less than 6 mm with stone dust
Asphalt Grade: AC-20 (VG-30, 60-70 penetration grade)
 BOIL TEST ASTM D3625 : EXTEND TO 6 HOURS

SALT RESISTANT PAVEMENTS

100
100
90 90
80 80
70 70
60 60
50 10 Min 10 Min
50
40 1 Hr 40 1 Hr

30 6 Hr 30 6 Hr

20 20

10 10

0 0
Control 135 C Control 120 C 1% Hydrated 0.5% Amine 0.1% PMB Control PMB + 0.1%
Lime 135 C 135 C ZycoTherm 165 C ZycoTherm
120 C 135 C

PG 64-22 / VG 30 / 60-70 Pen PG 76-22

Basalt Aggregate (DBM) : 45% 20 mm, 10% 10 mm, 45% less than 6 mm with stone dust
Asphalt Grade: AC-20 (VG-30, 60-70 penetration grade)
STATIC IMMERSION AASHTO T182 TEST :
EXTEND TO 360 HRS
100
90
80
% Coated Aggregates

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Control 2% Lime 0.5% Amine 0.1 % ZycoTherm
0.1% Zycosoil
24 Hours 48 Hours 120 Hours 360 Hours

Basalt Aggregate (DBM) : 45% 20 mm, 10% 10 mm, 45% less than 6 mm with stone dust
Asphalt Grade: AC-20 (VG-30, 60-70 pen. Grade)
 AASHTO T283 TSR TEST

TSR 0.82 TSR 0.95 TSR 1.00

180
Average Tensile Strength (PSI)

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

0
Control 0.05% Zycosoil 0.1% Zycosoil

Unconditioned Conditioned

Georgia, USA Granites with PG 64-22 Asphalt binder

 AASHTO T283 TSR TEST
EXTENDED 5 FREEZE THAW CYCLES

14
TSR TSR
12 0.40 0.74
Tensile Strength (Kg/cm2)

10

0
Tensile Strength - Control Tensile Strength With Zycosoil
Unconditional Strength Conditional Strength

Superpave Mix Design PG 64-22 Bitumen Binder Lithonia and Lithia spring Aggregates
MARSHALL WET COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
AASHTO T165 / ASTM D1075
Flow Values (mm)
3000 3.14

2500 3.09
2.95
3.05
2000 2.85
3.18 3.02
Marshall Stability (Kg)

2.78
1500 2.71 3.10
3.00
2.70
1000

500

0
Binder AC-10 Binder AC-20 CRMB-1 PMB-40

Control
Control 2% 2%
Hydrated
Hydrated LimeLime 0.1% ZycoTherm
0.1% Zycosoil

Basalt Aggregate (DBM) : 45% 20 mm, 10% 10 mm, 45% less than 6 mm with stone dust
Asphalt Grade: AC-20 (VG-30, 60-70 pen. Grade)
 MARSHALL COMPRESSIVE TEST AASHTO T165
/ ASTM D1075 : EXTEND TO 15 DAYS

1400 CSR
0.74
1200
Marshall Stability (Kg)

1000

800 CSR
0.45
600

400

200

0
Marshall Strength- Control Marshall Strength with ZycoTherm
Unconditional Strength Conditional Strength
 MARSHALL COMPRESSIVE TEST AASHTO T165
/ ASTM D1075 : EXTEND TO 15 DAYS

1400 CSR
CSR 0.81 based
0.74
1200 on dry Control
Marshall Stability (Kg)

1000

800 CSR
CSR
0.45
0.45
600

400

200

0
Marshall Strength- Control Marshall Strength with ZycoTherm
Unconditional Strength Conditional Strength
 ROLLING BOTTLE PN-EN 12697-11
ADHESION TEST

100
GREYWACKE 8/11 (50/70 BH)
90
GREYWACKE GREYWACKE 8/11 (45/80-65 H)
GREYWACKE 8/11 (50/70 BK)
80 (50/70 BH)+ZYCOTHERM
(45/80-65 H)+ZYCOTHERM
70
Coverage in %

(50/70 BK)+ZYCOTHERM
60

50

40

30

20

10

0
6h 24h 48h 72h
Rolling time [h]
 ROLLING BOTTLE PN-EN 12697-11
ADHESION TEST

100 GRANITE 8/11 (50/70 BH)

90 GRANITE GRANITE 8/11 (45/80-65 H)

GRANITE 8/11 (50/70 BK)

80 (50/70 BH)+ZYCOTHERM
Coverage in %

(45/80-65 H)+ZYCOTHERM
70 (50/70 BK)+ZYCOTHERM

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
6h 24h Rolling time [h] 48h 72h
 ROLLING BOTTLE PN-EN 12697-11
ADHESION TEST
100
LIMESTONE LIMESTONE 8/11 (50/70 BH)
LIMESTONE 8/11 (45/80-65 H)
90
LIMESTONE 8/11 (50/70 BK)
(50/70 BH)+ZYCOTHERM
80 (45/80-65 H)+ZYCOTHERM
Coverage in %

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
6h 24h 48h 72h
Rolling time [h]
 ROLLING BOTTLE PN-EN 12697-11
ADHESION TEST
100
BASALT 8/11 (50/70 BH)
90 BASALT BASALT 8/11 (45/80-65 H)

80 BAZALT 8/11 (50/70 BK)

(50/70 BH)+ZYCOTHERM
Coverage in %

70
(45/80-65 H)+ZYCOTHERM
60
(50/70 BK)+ZYCOTHERM
50

40

30

20

10

0
6h 24h 48h 72h
Rolling time [h]
EFFECT OF ZYCOTHERM ON BITUMEN BINDER

Bitumen Parameter Outcome

Performance Grading Maintains Grading

Viscosity AASHTO Rotational Viscosity remains unchanged

T316 at 1350 C

Rutting Improves Rut Resistance (higher G*/Sinδ)

Ageing Improves retention of elasticity reflected by higher

phase angle (in PAV aged asphalt binder)

Low Temperature Similar / Higher m value at -12 0C, even though

Flexibility (BBR Test the G* shows consistently higher values at 64 0C
AASHTO T 313)

Stiffness Penetration number goes down

KEY HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS

 Health Rating ZycoTherm 1 ( for Amine 3)

 REACH Registered

 TSCA Registered

 Substantial Odor Reduction

 Non corrosive
COMPLETE COATING
 COMPLETE COATING

 Eliminates air interface at the aggregate surface due to faster

coating, wetting and saturation of finest pores & crevices on
aggregates / fines with bitumen

Control With ZycoTherm

Bitumen
Binder

Air Interface Pinhole Free Surface, Jet black look

AGEING EFFECT ?
RESISTANCE TO OXIDATION

 Reduces Oxidative effect at the aggregate – bitumen interface

to ensure longer life

Accelerated bitumen oxidation happens due to extra air

interface created by poor saturation and de-bonding of bitumen
film on account of wet & dry cycles during the pavement
service life

RESISTANCE TO FATIGUE
 Extends Pavement Fatigue Life because of improved stress
transfer due to complete mechanical impregnation of bitumen
into the finest pores of aggregate surface
EFFICIENT WETTING

 ZycoTherm modified bitumen leads to faster coating and easier mixing with
less Torque to saturate the rough and porous aggregates.

 Ensures improved mechanical interlocking of bitumen at the aggregate

interface for improved fatigue performance

 Improves the heat transfer to RAP and mixing of virgin binder with oxidized
hardened RAP binder

 Eliminates entrapped air between bitumen binder and aggregates and

gives the Jet Black look

 Rate of Oxidation of bitumen binder is reduced due to elimination of air at

the aggregate surface
 OPTIMUM BINDER CONTENT

 Faster wetting and 100 % dispersion of fines below 75 microns ensures

efficient distribution of bitumen binder in HMA mixes. This results in lesser
requirement of bitumen by 0.1 – 0.4%

 Poor saturation of porous aggregates is a major cause of pre-mature

failures due to moisture susceptibility and oxidation. ZycoTherm modified
mixes show distinct improvement in performance, though the OBC may go
up marginally

Cumulative Effect Of The Above

Aggregate OBC
Low Absorption Lowers

Medium Absorption Maintains

High Absorption Increases

 JET BLACK LOOK

Colorado, USA

Complete Saturation
CONSISTENT COMPACTION
CONSISTENT COMPACTION

Lowers Mixing Temperature by 10-15 0C  Cooler Hot Mixes

Lowers Compaction Temperature by 35-40 0C  Warm Mix Benefit

Eliminates Variability of Compaction Density  Upto 90 – 1000 C

Texas Experience

ZycoTherm HMA mixes (unmodified bitumen) delivered to job sites at

1450 C (in front of the plant site) and 1050 C (hauling for 4 hours &
paving on ranch), have been rolled successfully achieving specified
compaction density
ACHIEVED COMPACTION EQUIVALENT
OF HMA AT LOWER 250C

Compaction temperatures for unmodified PG58-22 in the range of

131-1360C in Nova Scotia, AMEC Americas Ltd
COMPACTION EFFICIENCY
MANUFACTURING ADVANTAGES
 ODOR FREE

 ZycoTherm modified bitumen binder mixes exhibit

remarkably low odor, making paving crew &
residents very comfortable
 CLEANER TANKS

 Coking on coils in the bitumen tank happen due to intermittent

heating cycles for maintaining bitumen tank temperature

 ZycoTherm added in bitumen binder eliminates buildup

It is good practice to increase the frequency of filter cleaning for

2-3 months when ZycoTherm gets used regularly for the first
time as it will tend to clean the old build-up

 Results in reduction of heating time to half due to cleaner coils

 Eliminates cleaning of tanks at regular intervals

CLEAN EQUIPMENTS

 Cleaner Elevators / Buckets : Reduced stickiness to the metal helps to

maintain cleaner elevators / buckets

 SMA stickiness : Most of the polymer modified bitumen SMA mixes

exhibit stickiness to trucks and paving equipment. ZycoTherm modified
bitumen mixes eliminate stickiness

 Cleaner Flights : ZycoTherm eliminates material buildup on the flights

inside the mixing chambers. It helps to maintain consistency in gradation
and eliminates periodic cleaning required
REDUCES EMISSIONS & BITUMEN MASS LOSS

RTFO Mass Loss

0.60

0.50

0.40

0.30

0.20

0.10

-
325 Degrees F 290 Degrees F
IMPROVED MIX FLOW & CLEANER EQUIPMENT

Pavers : ZycoTherm modified bitumen binder does not stick to

the side, bottom and to the paver machine. Allows it to be
maintained clean and reduces labor cost

Improved Workability : Faster and easier construction process

due to improved and consistent mix flow at 1250C. Helps
workers to spread cooler HMA and get compaction at 900C

Trucks / Rollers : substantially reduced stickiness to trucks /

compaction rollers

Shuffles : Easy to spread bitumen mixes due to improved

workability
 LANE JOINT DENSITY & POTHOLES

 Cooling on the top surface and side walls results into crust
formation and rock pockets

 ZycoTherm modified mixes break easily and flow out

consistently to eliminate the problem of lane joint densities
and major cause of potholes
 PAVING SEASON EXTENDED

 ZycoTherm allows paving in sub-zero (-50 C) temperature, or in

cold windy conditions since it gives extended workability upto
900 C for unmodified bitumen and upto 1050 C for SBS binder
CRMB-ZYCOTHERM

 Reduced Odor

 Fuel saving due to lower mixing temperature (100 C)

 Improved Compaction

 Enables increase of crumbs % in the bitumen binder

 Stripping resistance at par with PMB

ZYCOTHERM ADDITION IN BITUMEN BINDER

 Co-inject while loading the tanker or dump in the tanker before loading

 Co-inject while unloading tanker at the HMA plant

ZycoTherm is soluble and stable for 15 or more days in hot bitumen binder

Pipe to connect pump outlet Pipe to transfer

to bitumen supply pipe for Bitumen from tanker
ZycoTherm storage
ZycoTherm mixing to Storage tank
drum to pump connection
ZYCOTHERM ADDITION IN BITUMEN BINDER
FLOW CHART
 DOSAGE

Bitumen Binder ZycoTherm % by weight of

bitumen binder

Unmodified 0.1

SBS ( < 3%) 0.125

SBS ( 5 -6%) 0.15

CRMB Rubber (12-15%) 0.15

 ECONOMICS

Quality and Price of Fuel will decide the Saving achieved: Our Field
experience is typical saving of $0.80 – 1.5 per ton HMA

Bitumen Saving : $ 0.60 – 2.4 per ton HMA (80-90 % mixes have a
lower OBC in base, binder & Wearing course. Field experience is
typical reduction of 0.1 – 0.4% per ton HMA)

Anti-strip agent/ WMA additives : Costs $ 0.60 – 2 per ton HMA,

ZycoTherm eliminates the use of these agent / additives
THANK YOU