UNIT # 09

PARABOLA, ELLIPSE & HYPERBOLA

PARABOLA
EXERCISE - 01 CHECK YOUR GRASP
2. Hint : Distance between directrix and focus is 2a k2 a 9a
5. Given (t2, 2t) be one end of focal chord then other  2 =  k2 = h
(3h) 2h 2
 1 2  9
end be  ,  Thus locus of point is y 2 = ax.
 t2 t  2
length of focal chord 17. Let slope of tangent be m
So equation of tangent is
2 2 2
 2 1   2  1 1
=  t  2    2t  t  =  t  t  y = mx +
m
 t   
6. Focus of parabola y 2 = 8x is (2, 0). Equation of Now tangent passes through (–1, 2) so
circle with centre (2, 0) is  m 2 + 2m – 1 = 0
(x – 2) 2 + y 2 = r 2 A
 m = –1 ± 2
AB is common chord QS equation of tangents are
O (2,0)
Q is mid point i.e. (1, 0) 1
B y = ( 1  2 )x  .....(i)
AQ 2 = y 2 where y 2 = 8 × 1 = 8 1  2
 r 2 = AQ 2 + QS 2 = 8 + 1 = 9 1
so circle is (x – 2) 2 + y 2 = 9 y = ( 1  2 )x  ......(ii)
1 2
10. Since QR is focal chord so vertex of Q is (at 12 , 2at1) intercept of tangent (i) & (ii) on line x = 2 is

and R is (at 22 , 2at 2 ) y 1 = 3 2  1 & y 2 = – 3 2  1 respectively.

0 0 1
1 Now y 1 – y 2 is 6 2
area of PQR= at12 2at1 1
2 18. Equation of directrix of parabola will be the required
at 22 2at 2 1 locus.
1 21. We know that area of triangle so formed
A = |2a 2 t 12 t 2 – 2a 2 t 1 t 22 |
2 3/2

a =
y 2
1  4ax 1   36  32 
=
3/2
= 2
A = |2at 1 – 2at 2 | [t 1t 2 = – 1] 4 
2 2a  
13. Let the point be (h, k) 23. Equation of tangent to y 2 = 4ax at P(x 1 , y 1 ) is
Now equation of tangent to the parabola y2 = 4ax yy 1 = 2a(x + x 1 )
whose slope is m is  2ax – yy 1 + 2ax 1 = 0 ... (i)
a Let (h, k) be mid point of chord QR.
y = mx +
m Then equation of QR is
as it passes through (h, k)
ky – 2a(x + h) – 4ab = k 2 – 4a(h + b)
a
 k = mh +  m 2 h – mk + a = 0  – 2ax + ky + 2ah – k 2 = 0 ... (ii)
m
Clearly (i) and (ii) represents same line.
It has two roots m 1, 2m 1
2a  y1 2ax 1
k a = =
 m 1 + 2m 1 =
h
, 2m 1 .m 1 =
h 2a k 2ah  k 2
y 1 = k and 2ax 1 = k 2 – 2ah
k
m1 = ... (i) 2ax 1 = y 12 – 2ah
3h
a 2ax 1 = 4ax 1 – 2ah  x 1 = h
m 12 = ... (ii) from (i) & (ii)
2h  mid point of QR is (x 1, y 1 )
25. Let P(x 1 y 1) be point of contact of two parabola. and xx 1 – 2ay = 2a (y 1 – 2 2 ) ... (ii)
Tangents at P of the two parabolas are clearly (i) and (ii) represent same line
yy 1 = 2a(x + x 1) – 4a 1 and
2a y
xx 1 = 2a(y + y 1 ) – 4a 2  x = 1  x 1 y 1 = 4a 2
1 2a
 2ax – yy 1 = 2a (2 1 – x 1 ) ... (i) Hence locus of P is xy = 4a 2

EXERCISE - 02 BRAIN TEASERS

1. Let point P(at 2, 2at) on y 2 = 4ax

9. The curve y = x is the part of curve y 2 = x
equation of line joining P & vertex
 t2 t 
2 equation of normal at P  , 
y = x ... (1)  4 2
t
3
t t
equation of line which is y + tx = + ........ (1)
2 4
perpendicular tangent at P & passing S(a, 0) is Since line cut the curve orthogonally
y + tx = at ... (2) so equation (1) will passes (3, 6)
from (1) & (2) eliminating t t t3 P
we get the locus of R 6 + 3t = +
2 4
y 2 + 2x 2 = 2ax t 3 – 10t – 24 = 0
4. Let P (at 12 , 2at 1 ) solving we get t = 4
so equation of line which passes (3, 6) is
at)
Relation between t 1 & t 2
(at21,2 y + 4x = 18
P
2 10. Equation of tangent and normal at P (at 2, 2at) on
t2 = – t1 – t y 2 = 4ax are
1
A S(a,0) R
equation of line PR ty = x + at 2 ... (1)
3
2 Q(a 2 y + tx = 2at + at ... (2)
t2,2
y – 2at 1 = t (x – at 12 ) at2) So T(–at , 0) & G(2a + at 2, 0)
2
2
2 equation of circle passing P, T & G is
Put y = 0 and t 2 = – t 1 – t , we get (x + at 2 ) (x–(2a + at 2 )) + (y – 0) (y – 0) = 0
1
x 2 + y 2 – 2ax – at 2 (2a + at 2 ) = 0
R = ((–at 1t 2 + at 12 ), 0)
equation of tangent on the above circle at
R = (2a(1 + t 12 ), 0) P(at2, 2at) is at2x + 2aty – a(x+at2)–at2(2a + at2)=0
Length of PS = a(1 + t 12 ) slope of line which is tangent to circle at P

So AR is twice of PS. a(1  t 2 ) 1  t2

m1 = =
6. Since line passing through focus so t 1 t 2 = –1 2at 2t
Point of intersection of tangent at P & Q are 1
slope of tangent at P, m 2 =
(at 1t 2, a (t 1 + t 2)) t
) 1  t2 1
2 t 1,
2at 1 
P(a  tan  = 2t t  tan  = t
(1  t 2 )
1
2t 2
S (a,0) 1 t
  = tan –1 t = sin
Q(a 2
t2,2
at2)
1  t2
Point of intersection of normal at P & Q 12. Let B = (at 12 , 2at 1); C = (at 22 , 2at 2 )
A = (at 1t 2, a(t 1 + t 2 ))
are (a(t 12 + t 22 + t 1 t 2 + 2)), – at 1t 2 (t 1 + t 2 )
equation of tangent of y 2 = 4ax at (at 2, 2at)
(x 1, y 1) = (– a, a (t 1 + t 2)) ty = x + at 2 ... (1)
(x 2, y 2) = (a(t 12 + t 22 – 1), a(t 1 + t 2 )) at(t1  t 2 )  at1 t 2  at 2 | a(t1  t)(t  t 2 )|
p1 = =
 y1 = y2 1  t2 1  t2
 | 2att1  at12  at 2 | a(t  t1 )2 S 2 : x 2 + y 2 – at 22 x – 2at 2y = 0 ... (iii)
p2 = = 2
1t 2 1t equation of OR will be S 1 – S 2 = 0

| 2att 2  at 22  at 2 )| a(t  t 2 )2 a(t 22 – t 12 ) x + 2a (t 2 – t 1) y = 0

p3 = =
1  t2 1  t2  t1  t 2 
y = –  x
2 
 p 12 = p 2 p 3. Hence p 2, p 1, p 3 in G.P..
t t
tan  = – 1 2
2 ,2a
t 1) 2
13. at from (i) cot  1 + cot  2 = –2 tan
P(
1

b b
R 14. P 1  (x – a) 2 = 4.  y  
x 2 2
(0,0)

Q(a 2 P2
t2,2
at2)
(a,b)

(a / 2
P1
Let P(at 12 , 2at 1) & Q(at 22 , 2at 2 )

,b )
1 1
so tan  1 = t & tan  2 = t
1 2
(a, b/2)
cot  1 + cot  2 = t 1 + t 2 ... (i)
equation of circle with (0, 0) & (at 12 , 2at1) as end  x 2 – 2ax + a 2 – 2yb + b 2 = 0
points of diameter is Similarly
P 2  y 2 – 2ax – 2by + a 2 + b 2 = 0
x(x – at 12 ) + y(y – 2at 1) so
Common chord is P1 – P 2 = 0
S 1 : x 2 + y 2 – at 12 x – 2at 1y = 0 ... (ii)  x 2 – y 2 = 0  (x + y)(x – y) = 0
similarly other circle is slope will be 1, –1

EXERCISE - 03 MISCELLANEOUS TYPE QUESTIONS

Match the column :
( D ) Equation of normal at (at 12 , 2at1) to y 2 = 4axx
1. ( A ) Equation of normal at (t 2 , 2t) on y 2 = 4x
y + tx = 2t + t 3 using homogenization y + t 1 x = 2at 1 + at 13 ... (i)
4 x(y  tx) If it again meet the curve again at (at 22 , 2at2)
y2 = 3
(2t  t )
2
for making 90°, coeff. x 2 + coeff. y 2 = 0 then t 2 = – t 1 – t
1
4 so t 1 = 1, & t 2 = t
1 – = 0
2  t2  t = –1 – 2 = –3
t2 = 2 |t – 1| = |–3 –1| = 4
( B ) Point on y 2 = 4x S13 / 2 (4) 3 / 2
whose parameter are 1, 2, 4 2. ( A ) Required area = = 4
2| a| 2
(1, 2), (4, 4), (16, 8)
2
1 2 1 2
 3x  4 y  6 
2
( B ) (x – 2) + (y – 3) =  
 5
1 4 4 1
Area = = 6
2 16 8 1 3x  4 y  6
(x  2)2  (y  3)2 =
5
( C ) Equation of normal is y = mx – 2am – am 3 focus, is (2,3) & directrix is 3x + 4y – 6 = 0
distance between focus and directrix is
 11 1 
since it passes through  ,  . 6  12  6 12
4 4 2a = =
5 5
 so we get 4m3 – 3m + 1 = 0. Value of m
are –1, 1/2, 1/2, so 2 normals can be drawn. 24
 Length of Latus Rectum = 4a =
5
 15 Comprehension # 1
( C ) x 2 = y + 4  its focus (0, )
4 Axis of parabola is bisector of parallel chord A B
Let point on x 2 = y + 4 is & CD are parallel chord.
(x 1, x 12 – 4)
so axis x = 1
15 2 625
x 12 + (x 12 – 4 + ) =
4 16
2
1 x 625
x 12 + x 14 + – 1 = C(–1,3) (3,3)D
16 2 16 (0,1)
A (2,1)B
x12
x 14 + = 39
2
2x 14 + x 12 – 78 = 0 equation of parabola is
(x 12 – 6) (2x 12 + 13) = 0 (x – 1) 2 = ay + b
x1 = ± 6 It passing (0, 1) & (3, 3)
x 12 = 6  x 12 – 4 = 2 so 1 = a + b ...(1)
so point are (± 6 , 2) 4 = 3a + b ...(2)
& a + b = 6 + 2 = 8 from (1) & (2)
( D ) (y – 1) 2 = 2(x + 2)
vertex is (–2, 1) 3 1
a = & b = –
so equation is (y – 1)2 = 2(x + 2)  Y2 = 2X 2 2
3 1
1  (x – 1) 2 = (y – )
Let point on Y 2 = 2X is  t 2 , t  2 3
2 
y 1
2
(t /2,t) 1. Vertex (1, )
2 3
From fig. tan 30° =      30°
t 30°
x
3
2. a =
 t = 2 3 8
directrix of x 2 = 4ay is y = –a
so point on parabola is (6,2 3 ).
1 3
But when vertex change, distance (or length y – = –
3 8
of side of equilateral triangle) remain same
1 3
 y = –
 length of side = (6) 2  (2 3 ) 2  4 3 . 3 8
Assertion & Reason : 1
y + = 0
24
 a 2a 
3. Let P 1 (at 12 , 2at 1) & Q 1  2 , t  3. Let parametric point on y2 = 4ax are A(t1), B(t2),C(t3)
 t1 1 
and D(t 4 )
 a 2a  So t 1 + t 2 = 2 = t 3 + t 4
P 2 (at 22 , 2at 2) & Q 2  2 , t 
 t2 2 
Equation of circle passing through OAB is
on y 2 = 4ax
x 2 + y 2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
equation of P 1 P 2 :
fourth point M(t5) putting the value (t2, 2t) in circle
(t 1 + t 2 )y = 2x + 2at 1 t 2 ...(i) we get four degree equation. In this equation
equation of Q 1Q 2
t 1 + t 2 + t 5 + 0 = 0  t 5 = –2
– (t 1 + t 2)y = 2x t 1 t 2 + 2a ...(ii)
Similarly circle passing through OCD & fourth point
add (i) & (ii)
N(t 6 ) we have t 1 + t 2 + t 6 + 0 = 0  t 6 = –2
x = –a which is directrix of y 2 = 4ax
It mean both point M and N are same
Locus of point of intersection of tangent is directrix.
In case of parabola director circle is directrix so common point (at 2, 2at)  (4, –4)
EXERCISE - 04[A] CONCEPTUAL SUBJECTIVE EXERCISE

4. Parabola y 2 = 4ax m 2 c 2 – 8mc + 16 – m 2 c 2 + 16m 2 = 0

P(t 1 ) = (at 12 , 2at 1) & Q(t 2) = (at 22 , 2at 2 ) 2m 2 – mc + 2 = 0
Since m is real D  0
Given t 1 t 2 = K
c 2 – 16  0
equation of chord PQ
(t 1 + t 2 )y = 2x + 2at 1 t 2 c  (–, –4]  [4, )
so (t 1 + t 2 )y = 2x + 2ak 14. Let point on y 2 = 4ax be P(at 2, 2at)
equation of tangent of P
 t1  t 2 
 2  y = x  ak ty = x + at 2 ... (1)
It intersect the directrix x = –a ... (2)
[L 2 = L 1 Type]
point of intersection of (1) & (2)
so y = 0 & x = – ak
fixed point (–a k, 0) 1
is A(–a, a(t – ))
8. x2 = y ... (1) t
Let equation of OP y = mx ... (2) Let mid point of PA is (h, k)
–1 2h = at 2 – a ... (3)
equation of OQ y = x ... (3)
m 1
2k = 2at + a(t – ) ... (4)
from (1) & (2) we get P(m, m 2 ) t
 1 1  from (3) & (4) eliminating t & replace h  x &
from (1) & (3) we get Q  , 2  y  k we get
m m
equation of PR R(h,k) y 2 (2x + a) = a(3x + a) 2
1 17. Let point on parabola y 2 = 4ax is P(at 2, 2t)
y – m2 = – (x – m) Q 90° P Given at 2 = 4a  t = ± 2
m
1 O taking positive t = 2
y + x = m 2 + 1 ...(4) P(4a, 4a)
m
equation of QR is equation of tangent at P is 2y = x + 4a
1 1 If intersect x-axis at T then T(–4a, 0)
y – 2 = m(x + ) Normal at (4a, 4a) meet again parabola at
m m
1 2
y – mx = 1 + 2 ...(5) Q(at 22 , 2at 2 ) (using t 2 = –t 1 – = –3)
m t1
Locus of R solving (4) & (5) & eliminating m  Q(9a, – 6a)
we get x2 = y – 2 Now P(4a, 4a), T(–4a, 0), Q(9a, –6a)
  3  PT = (4a  4a)2  (4a)2 =
9.   ,  80a 2
2 2 
PQ = (4a  9a)2  (4a  6a)2 = 125a 2
point (sin , cos ) not lie out side
2y 2 + x – 2 = 0 PT 80a 2 4
 2 cos 2  + sin  – 2  0 = 2 = 5
PQ 125a
2 – 2sin 2  + sin  –2  0
sin (2 sin  – 1)  0 19. Let point be (h, k)
Equation of normal at (am 2 , 2am)
1
sin   0 or sin   y + mx = 2am + am 3
2 k = mh – 2am – am 3
 3   5  am 3 + m(2a – h) + k = 0 ... (1)
   ,  or    ,  Its slope is m 1, m 2 & m 3
 2  2 6 
k
11. y = mx + c touch y 2 = 8 (x + 2) m 1 .m 2 .m 3 =
a
 (mx + c) 2 = 8 (x + 2)
m 2 x 2 + x(2mc – 8) + c 2 – 16 = 0 ...(i) k
m3 = Put in (1) [Given m 1 m 2 = –1]
line touch the parabola so D = 0 of equation (i) a
4(mc – 4) 2 – 4m 2(c 2 – 16) = 0  y 2 = a(x – 3a)
21. Equation of normal at (am 2 , 2am)
 t 12 + t 1t 2 = –2 P
on y 2 = 4ax
y + mx = 2am + am 3 ... (1) Now mid point of TP
It cuts x – axis at y = 0 i.e. (2a + am 2, 0) T
at12  at1 t 2 a(t12  t1 t 2 )
Let middle point (h, k) x = =
2 2 Q
2h = am 2 + 2a + am 2
a( 2)
h = am 2 + a & k = am ... (2) x = = –a
2
from (1) & (2) x = –a which is directrix
Hence TP bisect the directrix
k2
h = a + a 24. Normal at P(am 2 , 2am) o n y 2 = 4ax
a2 3
y + mx = 2am + am ... (1)
Locus y 2 = a(x – a) 2
G (2a + am , 0)
vertex (a, 0) L.R. = a Equation of QG is x = 2a + am 2
23. Let P(at 12 , 2at 1) & Q(at 22 , 2at 2 ) Solving with parabola we get

on y 2 = 4ax y = ±2a 2  m 2
co-ordinate of T(at 1t 2, a(t 1 + t 2)) which is point of QG 2 – PG 2 =
intersection of tangent at P & Q 4a 2 (2 + m 2 ) – (am 2 – am 2 – 2a) 2 – (2am) 2
equation of PQ which is normal at P = 4a 2 which is constant

y + t 1 x = 2at 1 + at 13 ... (1) 3

(am,2am)
equation of PQ is P
(t 1 + t 2 )y = 2x + 2at 1 t 2 ... (2)
G
equation (1) & (2) are same
Q
2 2 2
(2a+am ,–2a+m )
Compare slope = – t1
t1  t 2

EXERCISE - 04 [B] BRAIN STORMING SUBJECTIVE EXERCISE

1. Let parabola y 2 = 4ax a

y 1 = mx 1 + ... (1)
Let P(at 12 , 2at 1), & Q(at 22 , 2at 2 ) m
t 1) equation of normal at (2bt 1, bt 12 ) on x 2 = 4by
OP & OQ are perpendicular
at2,2a
P(
1
x + t 1 y = 2b t 1 + b t 13
2 2 90° R(h,k) It passes through (x 1, y 1)
. O 90°
x
 t1 t 2 = –1 (0,0)  x 1 + t 1 y 1 = 2bt 1 + bt 13 ... (2)
Q(a 2 (1) & (2) are same equation so compare
t2,2
t 1 t 2 = –4 at2) 1 a
m
t1 = – = m (2bt1  bt 13 )
Now diagonals of a rectangle bisect each other 1
t 1 m = –1
h at 2  at 22
= 1  h = a(t 12 + t 22 ) ...(1) –m 2 t 1 (2b + bt 12 ) = a
2 2
k 2at1  at 2  m (2b + bt 12 ) = a ... (3)
=  k = 2a(t 1 + t 2 ) ...(2)
2 2
1
k2 Put m = – t in equation (3)
= t 12 + t 22 + 2t1 t 2 1
4a 2
k2 h 2b + bt 12 = –at 1
2 = – 8
4a a bt 12 + at 1 + 2b = 0
Required locus is y 2 = 4a(x – 8a)
3. Equation of tangent of t 1 will be real
y 2 = 4ax in slope form at(x 1, y 1 ) is a 2 > 8b 2
4. Let parabola y 2 = 4ax t12  t 22
=
point on parabola P(at 12 , 2at 1 ) & Q(at 22 , 2at 2 ) a 2 t12 t 22 ((t12  t 22  2t1 t 2  4)

Point of intersection of tangent at P & Q is T 1 1

= + will be independent of K
(at 1t 2 , a(t 1 + t 2)) PK 2 QK 2

2 ,2a
t1)
t t12  t 22
P(a
1
 2 2 2 2 2  t 1 t 2 = –2
a t1 t 2 (t1  t 2  2 t1 t 2  4)
x so fixed point K (2a, 0)
T
(at1t2,a(t1+t2)) 9. Let parabola is y 2 = 4ax
Q(a
t2,2 equation of normal at (am 2, 2am)
at2)

Normal at P & Q meet again in the parabola so y + mx = 2am + am 3

relation between t 1t 2 it passes through (h, k)
am 3 + m(2a – h) – k = 0
2 2
–t1 – t = – t 2 – t its root are m 1 m 2 & m 3
1 2
2a  h
t 1t 2 = 2 m 1 = 0, m 1 m 2 =
a
equation of line perpendicular to TP & passing
through mid point of TP is k
m1 m2 m3 =
a
2y – a(3t 1 + t 2 ) = –t 1 (2x – a(2 + t 12 )) ... (1) let equation of circle be
x 2 + y 2 + 2gx + 2fy + C = 0
2y + 2xt 1 = a(3t 1 + t 2 ) + at 1 (2 + t 12 )
It passes (am 2, 2am)
similar equation of passing mid point of a 2 m 4 + 4a 2 m 2 + 2agm 2 + 4afm + C = 0
TQ and  to TQ a 2 m 4 + m 2 (4a 2 + 2ag) + 4afm + C = 0

2y + 2xt 2 = a(3t 2 + t 1 ) + at 2 (2 + t 22 ) ... (2) its roots m 1, m 2 , m 3 & m 4

m 1 + m 2 + m 3 + m 4 = 0,
from (1) & (2) & using t 1t 2 = 2
 m 1 +m 2 + m 3 = 0
Eliminating t1 & t2 we get the locus of circumcentre
 m 4 = 0  circle passes (0, 0)
2y 2 = a(x – a)
m 1 m 2 +m 2 m 3 + m 3 m 4 + m 4 m 1 + m 1 m 3 + m 2 m 4
6. Let P(at 12 2
, 2at 1) & Q(at , 2at 2 )
2 4a 2  2ag
=
on y 2 = 4ax a2

equation of chord of PQ 2a  h 4a 2  2ag

 =
a a2
(t 1 + t 2 ) y = 2x + 2at 1t 2 ... (1)
 2a – h = 4a + 2g
Point on x-axis is K(–at 1t 2, 0)
 h  2a
 g =
PK 2 = (at 12 + at 1 t 2 ) 2 + 4a 2 t 12 2
–4af
= a 2 t 12 ((t 1 + t 2 ) 2 + 4) m 1m 2m 3 + m 2m 3m 4 + m 3m 4m 1 + m 4m 1m 2=
a2
QK 2 = a 2 t 22 ((t 1 + t 2 ) + 4) k –4af
 =
a a2
1 1 1 1
+ = + k
PK 2
QK 2
a 2 t12 ((t 1 2
 t2 )  4 ) a 2 t 22 ((t 1  t 2 )2  4)  f =
4
equation of circle
t 22  t12
= k
a 2 t12 t 22 ((t 1  t 2 )2  4 ) x 2 + y 2 – (h + 2a)x + y = 0
2
EXERCISE - 05 [A] JEE-[MAIN] : PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS

3. It is a fundamental theorem. 6. Point must be on the directrix of the parabola

4. Given parabolas are Hence the point is (–2, 0)
y 2 = 4ax ..... (i) 8. Locus of point of intersection of perpendicular
x2 = 4ay ..... (ii) tangent is directrix of the parabola.
Putting the value of y from (ii) in (i), we get so x = –1
2
x2 9. tangent of slope m of y  4 5 x
= 4ax  x(x3 – 64a3) = 0  x = 0, 4a
16a 2 5
is y  mx 
from (ii), y = 0, 4a. Let A  (0, 0); B  (4a, 4a) m
Since, given line 2bx + 3cy + 4d = 0 passes x2 y2
also tangent to  1
through A and B, 5/2 5/2
 d = 0 and 8ab + 12ac = 0
5 5 2 5
 2b + 3c = 0. ( a  0)  2
m 

m 2 2
Obviously, d2 + (2b + 3c)2 = 0 4 2
 2 = m + m  m4 + m2 – 2 = 0
3 2 2 m = 1
a x a x
5. y = + – 2a which satisfy m 4 – 3m 2 + 2 = 0
3 2
a3  2 x 3 2  –2a which gives y  x  5 as tangent
 y= x  2  a  2  So I & II both are true.
3  
 2
a3 3   3a
  y =  x   – 2a
3  4a   16

2
35a 4a 3  3 
y +  x
16 12  4a 
 Vertices will be (, )
3 35a
So that  = – and  = –
4a 16
 3   35a  105
or  =   =
 4a   16  64
105
  Required locus will be xy =
64
EXERCISE - 05 [B] JEE-[ADVANCED] : PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS

k  8
1. (a) The parabola is y2 = 4. x  at 2  a 2at  0
4  k 3. = ,  =  2 = at2 + a, at = 
2 2
8
Putting y = Y, x – = X,
k 2
k   2 = a. + a or 2a =  2 + a2
the equation Y 2 = 4. .X a2
4
k
  The directrix is X + = 0, 4a  x  a   a
4 The locus is y2 =  2 
= 4b(x – b), b 2 
8 k 2   
i.e. x – + = 0
k 4  Directrix is (x – b) + b = 0 or x = 0
But x – 1 = 0 is the directrix. 4. The given curves are
8 k y 2 = 8x ... (1)
So, – = 1  k = –8, 4
k 4 and xy = –1 ... (2)
(b) Any normal is y + tx = 6t + 3t2. It is identical If m is the slope of tangent to (1), then equation
t 1 6 t  3t 3 of tangent is
with x + y = k if = = y = mx + 2/m.
1 1 k
6 3 If this tangent is also a tangent to (2), then
 t = 1 and 1 =  k = 9
k  2
Aliter : y = –x + k x  mx   = –1
m
  c = –[2am + am3]
 c = – [6(–1) + 3(–1)3] 2
 mx 2 + x + 1 = 0
m
  c = ±9
1  m 2 x 2 + 2x + m = 0
2. (a) Any tangent to y2 = 4x is y = mx + . We should get repeated roots for this equation
m
(conditions of tangency)
Y  D = 0
 (2) 2 – 4m 2 . m = 0
(3,0)  m3 = 1
O • X  m = 1
Hence required tangent is y = x + 2.
6. Let P be the point (h, k). Then equation of normal
to parabola y 2 = 4x from point (h, k), if m is the
1 slope of normal, is y = mx – 2m – m 3 = 0
3m 
It touches the circle, if 3 = m As it passes through (h, k), therefore
1  m2 mh – k – 2m – m 3 = 0
or m 3 + (2 – h) m + k = 0 ... (1)
which is cubic in m, giving three values of m say
2 m1, m2 and m3. Then m1m2m3 = – k (from equation)
 1
or 9(1 + m2) =  3m   but given that m 1 m 2 = 
 m
k
 We get m3 = –
1 1 
or 2
= 3,  m = ± But m 3 must satisfy equation (1)
m 3
For the common tangent to be above the k 3  k 
 3 + (2 – h)   + k = 0
 
1
x-axis, m =  k – 2 – h –  3 = 0
2 2 2

3  Locus of P(h, k) is y 2 = 2 x + (3 – 22 )

  Common tangent is, But ATQ, locus of P is a part of parabola y2 = 4x,
therefore comparing the two, we get 2 = 4 and
1  3 – 2 2 = 0
y = x+ 3  3 y = x + 3
3   = 2
8. The given equation of parabola is ATQ this tangent (1) touches the circle
y 2 – 2y – 4x + 5 = 0 ... (1) x2 + y 2 + 16x + 12y + C = 0
 (y – 1) 2 = 4(x – 1)
at Q. (centre of circle (– 8, – 6)).
Any parametric point on this parabola is
P (t 2 + 1, 2t + 1) Then equation of CQ which is perpendicular to (1)
Differentiating (1) w.r.t. x, we get and passes through (– 8, – 6) is

dy dy 1
2y – 2 – 4 = 0 y + 6 = – (x + 8)
dx dx 2

2  x + 2y + 20 = 0 ... (2)
dy
 = Now Q is pt. of intersection of (1) and (2) i.e.
dx y 1
x = – 6, y = – 7
 Slope of tangent to (1) at pt.
 Req. pt. is (– 6, – 7).
2
2 1
P(t + 1, 2t + 1) is m = = 13. Without loss of generality we can assume the square
2t t
 Equation of tangent at P(t 2 + 1, 2t + 1) is ABCD with its vertices A(1, 1), B(–1, 1),
1 C(–1, –1), D(1, –1)
y – (2t + 1) = (x – t 2 – 1)
t
 yt – 2t 2 – t = x – t 2 – 1 P to be the point (0, 1) and Q as ( 2 , 0)
 x – yt + (t 2 + t – 1) = 0 ... (2)
Now direction of given parabola is PA 2  PB 2  PC 2  PD 2
(x – 1) = – 1  x = 0 Then,
QA 2  QB 2  QC 2  QD 2
 t2  t  1  1 1  5  5
Tangent to (2) meets directrix at Q  0, 12
t  = 2 2 = = 0.75
  2[( 2  1)  1]  2(( 2  1)  1) 16
Let pt. R be (h, k) 14. Let C' be the said circle touching C1 and L, so that
ATQ R divides the line joining QP in the ratio
C1 and C' are on the same side of L. Let us draw
1
: 1 i.e. 1 : 2 externally.. a line T parallel to L at a distance equal to the radius
2
of circle C 1, on opposite side of L.
1(1  t 2 )  0 t  2t 2  2t 2  2t  2 
 (h, k) =  , 
1 t Then for N, centre of circle C', MN = NO
 
 N is equidistant from a line and a point
t 2
 h = – (1 + t 2 ) and k =
t  locus of N is a parabola.
2 15. Since S is equidistant from A and line BD, it traces
 t 2 = – 1 – h and t = a parabola. Clearly AC is the axis, A(1, 1) is the
1k
2 focus and T 1  1 , 1  is the vertex of parabola,
 2  2 2
Eliminating t we get   = – 1 – h
1  k 
1
 4 = – (1 – k) 2 (1 – h) AT 1 = .
 (h – 1) (k – 1) 2 + 4 = 0 2
 locus of R(h, k) is, (x – 1) (y – 1)2 + 4 = 0 1
9. The given curve is y = x 2 + 6 T 2T 3 = latus rectum of parabola =4 × =2 2
2
Equation of tangent at (1, 7) is
Q 1 1
0  Area (T 1 T 2 T 3) = × 2 2 = = 1 sq. units.
5= 2 2
–t+ C
2x
(–8,–6) 1
QP  ST
Ar PQS 2 ST 2 1
16.    
1 Ar PQR 1 TR 8 4
(y + 7) = x.1 + 6 PQ  TR
2 2
 2x – y + 5 = 0 ... (1)
17. For PRS, 4a  2a 
y2 = x
1 1 3  3 
Ar(PRS) =  = × SR × PT = × 10 × 2 2
2 2 22. t1+ t2= r
B(t2)
  = 10 2 , a = PS = 2 3 , 2 2 A(t1) t12 + t22 ,t + t
 r 1 2

r t1  t 2 2
b = PR = 6 2 , c = SR = 10
 radius of circumference 2
similarly  is
r
abc 2 3  6 2  10 also possible
= R = = 3 3
4 4  10 2
23. (2,4)
A
18. Radius of incircle 2
(1/2,2) y = 8x
area of PQR  P  a= 2
= 
semi perimeter of PQR s
We have a = PR = 6 2 , b = QP = PR = 6 2
c = PQ = 4 2
A'
1 (2,–4)
and  = × PQ × TR = 16 2
2
6 2 6 2 4 2 1 3
 s = = 8 2  1 = area of  PA A' = .8.  6
2 2 2

16 2 1
 r = = 2 2 = ( )
8 2 2 1
2
20. C 1 : y = 4x (Usi ng proper t y : Area of triangle formed by
2 2
C 2 : x + y – 6x + 1 = 0 tangents is always half of original triangle)
2
x – 2x + 1 = 0
2 (3,0) 1
(x–1) = 0  x = 1  2
2
y = ±2
so the curves touches each other at two points 24. Let P be (h, k)
(1, 2) & (1, –2) x y
on using section formula P  , 
21. 3h = 2a + at2 4 4 
3k = 2at
x y
a  9k 2  h and k 
3h = 2a + 4 4
4a 2
 x = 4h and y = 4k
at)
t ,2
2 2
(a  (x, y) lies on y = 4x
P
2 2
2
 16k = 16h    k = h
N(2a+at ,0) 2
Locus of point P is y = x.
T
3
(–at2,0) 25. Equation of normal is y = mx – 2m – m
It passes through the point (9, 6) then
3
6 = 9m – 2m – m
3
 m – 7m + 6 = 0
(a,0)
2a ,0
 (m – 1)(m – 2)(m + 3) = 0
3  m = 1, 2, –3

x=a/3
Equations of normals are
y – x + 3 = 0, y + 3x – 33 = 0
4a
y2 = (3x –2a) & y – 2x + 12 = 0
9
26. Focus of parabola S(2,0) points of intersection of 28. Length of focal chord
given curves : (0,0) and (2,4). P Q = a(t1 – t 2) 2
y
= a[(t 1 + t 2) 2 – 4t 1t 2 ]
Q = a[1 + 4] = 5a
(2,4) 29. Let F(4t 2 , 8t)
3
x where 0  8t  6   0t
(0,0)P S(2,0) 4
y

(0,3) E
F(4t2,8t)
1 (0,4t) G
Area (PSQ) = .2.4  4 sq. units
2 x
Paragraph for Question 27 and 28
27. Single tangent at the extrimities of a focal
)
t 2) ) P(at12,2at1)
( t 1+ +t 2) 1
t1 t 2,a (t 1
a EFG  (3  4 t)4 t 2
(a –a, 2
(
M 90°   (6t 2  8 t 3 )
O 
S(a,0)
 t  0  minima 
d 
 12t  24 t 2 = 0  1
Q(a 2
t2 ,2
dt  t   maxima 
 2
at2 )
– + –
chord will intersect on directrix. 0 1/2
 M(–a, a(t 1 + t 2)) 8t  3 4 3
 m 2
 1
lies on y = 2x + a 4t  0 1
a(t 1 + t 2 ) = –2a + a  t 1 + t 2 = –1
6 1
& t 1 t 2 = –1 (EFG) max = 1 
4 2
y 0 = 8t = 4 & y 1 = 4t = 2
 2 2 
 t t   2(t  t ) 
tan    1 2  2 1 
 4   3 
1  t t 
 1 2 
 (t 2 – t 1) 2 = (t 2 + t 1) 2 – 4t 1t 2 = 5
t2 – t1 =  5

2 5
 tan   
3
but  is obtuse because O is the interior point of
the circle for which PQ is diameter.
2 5
 tan  
3