Santas Saran

Santas (see Sandan) Sapas Canaanite Buih, who came, like Aphrodite, from
santer North American [Saps.Shapash:=Babylonian Samas: the sea.
a fabulous animal =Sumerian Utu] Sar (see Shar)
Santeria African a sun-god sara1 Buddhist
a god of the Yoruba In some accounts, Sapas is female. an arrow used in rites designed to
Santi Hindu Saphon (see Mount Zaphon) ward off evil spirits (see also capa)
a goddess Sapling (see Djuskaha.Ioskeha) Sara2 Mesopotamian
consort of Tivikrama Saps (see Sapas) a war god, Babylonian and Sumerian
Santiago South American Sapta-Loka Hindu son of Inanna, some say
a later version of Ilyapa derived from the 7 realms of the universe Sara-mama (see Saramama)
the Spanish St James In some versions, the universe has Saracura South American
Santoshi Mata Hindu three realms (Tri-Loka). In the version a water-hen
a mother-goddess that postulates seven, Sapta-Loka, they When Anatiwa caused the flood, this
Sanu1 Afghan are listed as: bird saved the ancestors of the tribes by
[Sanru] 1. Bhur-Loka, the earth carrying earth to build up the mountain-
a Kafir god 2. Bhuvar-Loka, the home of the sage top on which the survivors stood.
father of Sanju in the sky Sarada Devi1 Hindu
Sanu2 (see Sanju) 3. Jona-Loka, the home of wife of Ramakrishna
Sanugi Japanese Brahma’s children Sarada Devi2 Tibetan
a bamboo-cutter 4. Marar-Loka, the home of the saints a Buddhist-Lamaist fertility-goddess
He found the tiny Kaguya in the heart 5. Satya-Loka, the home of the gods and goddess of autumn and
of a reed and reared her. He then found 6. Svar-Loka, the heaven of Indra vegetation
gold in the reeds and became wealthy. 7. Tapa-Loka, the home of the an attendant of Sridevi
Sanzu-no-Kawa demi-gods Saraha Buddhist
(see River of Three Roads) At the end of each cycle of Brahma’s a great sorcerer
Sao Ch’ing Niang life, these seven worlds will also come Sarahiel
(see San Chou Niang) to an end and time and the universe an angel, ruler of the Zodiacal sign
Sao Chou Chinese will start all over again. Aries, the ram (see also Malchidael)
the Broom Star, home of San Chou Some accounts envisage additional Saraide British
Niang realms such as Gandharva-Loka, a servant of the Lady of the
Sao Kang Burmese Indra-Loka, Pishasha-Loka, Ratshasha- Lake
a fertility-spirit living in a lake Loka and Yaksha-Loka for various She was able, by the use of magic
Saon Greek demons and spirits and Soma-Loka for powers, to rescue Bors and Lionel when
a Boeotian envoy the moon and planets. they were held by Claudas.
When his people were told to consult (see also Tri-Loka) Sarait Irish
the oracle of Trophonius to find the Sapta Ratna Hindu daughter of Conn Ceadchathach
cause of the drought that afflicted the Hindu version of the Seven mother of Cairbre and Duibhind
them, he followed a swarm of bees that Treasures of Buddhism She married Conaire mac Mogha
led him to a cave where the shade of Saptaksara Buddhist Lamha who succeeded her father
Trophonius appeared. a form of Heruka on the throne of Ireland. When he
Saoshyant Persian In this version, the god is depicted as was killed, she married his killer,
[Saoshyat.Soshans.Soshyant] blue with three heads each with three Neimheadh mac Sraibhghind.
a saviour-god eyes, and six arms, surrounded by Sarajas (see Pimentola)
son of Vispa-Taurvairi six goddesses. Sarakka Baltic
In some accounts, this saviour is born Saptamataras Hindu [Sadsta-akka]
every 1,000 years from the sperm of a group of 7 minor goddesses a Lapp goddess, guardian of birth
Zoroaster which is preserved in Lake Saptarshi (see Seven Rishis) daughter of Mader Akka
Kasavya so that it impregnates virgins Saptashati Hindu It was said that she assisted both deer
who swim in its waters. a poem of some 700 couplets in and humans.
Some say that there are three honour of Devi’s conquest of demons Sarakuyel
such saviours – Astvat-eveta, Hushedar Sapurba East Indian a demon
(Ukhshyat-ereta) and Hushedar-mah a king of Sumatra Sarama (see Sharama)
(Ukhshyat-nemah). The third such son of Sulana and Muhtabul Bahri Saramama South American
deity conquers evil in the final battle to father of Nila Utama [Maize Mother.Sara-mama]
allow the world to start a new cycle. He was originally known as Mencha an Inca spirit controlling the growth
(see also Frashkart) Terim, the eldest of Sulana’s three of maize (see also huantaysara)
Saoshyat (see Saoshyant) sons, and adopted the name Sapurba Saramana (see Salman)
Sapa Inca South American when he took the throne. Saran Irish
son of the sun-god Inti He was said to have killed a huge the man who killed Brandubh,
Sapan Mesopotamian serpent which was ravaging the area king of Leinster
the palace of Baal and adopted a maiden, Puteri Tunjung He regretted what he had done and
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 Saranyu Sarpedon2

was forgiven but was punished when sardius (see carnelian) Sarki Mongol
his arm fell off. Sardoine Danish one of the burkhan
Saranyu (see Sharanyu) daughter of Hengist Sarmishtha Hindu
Sarapiastai Greek sister of Renwein [Sarmistha]
devotees of Serapis Sardon (see Adrammelech1) a princess
Sarapis (see Serapis) sardrakapala Buddhist mother of Anu and Puru by Yayati
Sarasraksha Hindu a tantric symbol in the form of a mother of Truvasu, some say
a name for Indra as ‘thousand-eyed’ garland made of severed heads She quarrelled with her friend
Sarasvant Hindu sarga1 Hindu Devayani and threw her down a well.
a female water-spirit creation A king, Yayati, found Devayani and
Sarasvati1 Buddhist Sarga2 Hindu married her, forcing Sarmishtha to
a female Bodhisattva a minor god become a servant at his court. She had
goddess of music and poetry son of Shiva (Bhima) and Disa an affair with the king and bore three
She is sometimes depicted playing Sargaz (see Sarur) sons, Anu, Puru and Turvasu. Some
the flute. Sargon Mesopotamian say that Turvasu was Devayani’s son.
Sarasvati2 Hindu a king of Akkad Sarmistha (see Sarmishtha)
[Bharati.Brahmi.Logos.Mahasarasvati. husband of Azag-Bau, some say Sarnga Hindu
Queen of Love.Savitri.Shatarupa. He was abandoned at birth in a basket the bow of Vishnu
Vac(h).Vagdevi.Vak:=Pacific Islands but found by Akki. He was made king sarong East Indian
Saraswati: =Japanese Benten] by Ishtar who fell in love with him. a form of skirt worn in many parts of
an early mother-goddess and goddess Sarigoys South American the Pacific
of the river Sarasvati father of one of a pair of twin boys Javanese sorcerers, it is said, use a
goddess of the arts and wisdom His wife was raped by the god Maire small piece of such a garment with
daughter of Sagara and gave birth to twins, Ariconte and black stripes on it and cause it to
wife of Vishnu and later of Brahma Tamendonare, one fathered by the expand to cover the whole body and
In her earlier role as mother-goddess god, one by himself. They never found turn the wearer into a tiger.
she killed the demon Ahi. out which was which. Sarpanit (see Sarpanitu)
In some stories, she was born Sarikin Bakka African Sarpanitu Mesopotamian
from the body of Brahma with whom the Hausa ‘lord of animals’ [Aruru.Belti(y)a.Ealur.Erua.
she mated to produce the first man, He is said to be able to induce madness Sarpanit(um).Zarbanit.Zarpanit.
Manu, and was so beautiful that in humans. Zarpanitu(m).Zerpanitu(m).Zirat-panitu:
Brahma grew four more heads so that Sarindiel =Semitic Succoth Benoth]
he could see her from all directions. a demon a goddess of childbirth
The latter part of this tale is also Sariputra (see Shariputra) a name for Ishtar as a creator-goddess
told of Shatarupa who some equate Sariputta Buddhist a name for Belit, in some accounts
with Sarasvati. the Pali version of the Sanskrit consort of Marduk
Shiva lost his temper when he was S(h)ariputra Sarpanitum (see Sarpanitu)
excluded from a sacrifice by Daksha Saris British Sarpedon1 Greek
and wounded many of those present in Arthurian lore, a king of Hungary son of Zeus by Europa
including Sarasvati who had her nose He was killed in battle by Laris. brother of Minos and Rhadamanthus
cut off. Vishnu found her too Saritiel father of Evander
quarrelsome for his liking and gave a demon, ruler of the sign Sagittarius When he was expelled from Crete
her to Brahma. (see also Adnachiel) by his brother Minos, after they
She is credited with the invention Saritor Roman quarrelled over a boy called Miletus,
of Sanskrit and sometimes identifed a god of weeds Sarpedon conquered and became
with Vach. Sarkany European king of what was later called Lycia.
She is depicted with either two or a Hungarian demon He was said to have lived, in the
four arms, sometimes with three He has the power to turn people to form of a serpent, for three gen-
heads, and riding a peacock or a swan. stone. His function is to control the erations and was revered at some
(see also Sandhya.Shatarupa) weather and he can be seen riding his shrines. This was to account for his
Sarasvati-puja Hindu horse in the thunder clouds. identification, in some accounts, with
[Homage to Sarasvati] In some versions he is regarded as a his grandson of the same name.
a festival of homage to Sarasvati in dragon. Sarpedon2 Greek
January or February He is depicted with seven or nine a king of Lycia
Saraswati Pacific Islands heads. son of Evander and Deidameia
the Balinese version of Sarasvati Sarkap Indian son of Zeus by Laodamia,
Saratan Arab [Beheader] some say
the Zodiacal sign, Cancer a warrior-hero When Isander and Hippolochus
Sarbhile (see Moninne) He earned the name Beheader from contended for the throne of Lycia,
Sardian Sibyl Greek his habit of decapitating those whom Deidamia offered the child Sarpedon
a prophetess he defeated in games. to bear on his chest the ring that the
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 Sarpedon3 Satapatha Brahmana

two men would use as a target for He was the commander of the forces with his feet when they passed under
their arrows to settle the succession. supporting Ninigi when he took the the tree in which he was sitting.
He fought on the side of the Trojans throne from Onamuji. Sasabonsum (see Sasabonsam)
in the war against Greece and killed In some accounts, he is described as Sasanadevata Jain
Tlepolemus but was himself killed a monkey-god and was said to have one of the messenger goddesses
by Patroclus. fathered a number of children on Ilzume. Sashi-mi-rig-giha Buddhist
In some accounts, he is equated with Their descendants, known as miko, Tibetan earth-gods
his grandfather of the same name. were shamans or attendants at shrines. Sasquatch (see Bigfoot)
Sarpedon3 Greek He is now regarded as the guardian Sassu-wunnu Mesopotamian
son of Poseidon of cross-roads and procreation. Ea as a sea-monster
brother of Poltys Sarva (see Agni.Rudra) Sasthi Hindu
He was shot and killed by Heracles Sarvabhaksha Tibetan a goddess
after his ninth Labour. a Lamaist sorcerer She is the guardian of the sixth day
Sarquamiel Sarvabuddhadakini Buddhist after the birth of a child and protects
a demon of the hours of the day the Tibetan name for Narokhachoma her devotees from smallpox.
Sarra Itu Mesopotamian Sarvabuddhadharma-Kosavati Sasuratum Canaanite
[Sarr(a)hitu] Buddhist [=Hebrew Kosharot]
a Babylonian-Sumerian fertility-goddess a god of literature a group of 7 midwife-goddesses
Sarrahitu (see Sarra Itu) one of the dharanis daughters of Baal
Sarras British (see also Sarvakarmavaranavisodhani) Sacy-perere (see Cacy taperere)
the city of the Holy Grail Sarvaga Hindu Sata (see Zada)
It was to Sarras that Galahad returned son of Bhima and Balandhara Satabhisa Hindu
the Holy Grail and where he was made Sarvakamadugha Buddhist a goddess of fortune
king. Despite the fact that the Saracens a cow owned by Indra one of the naksatras
were said, in some accounts, to have daughter of Surabhi daughter of Daksha
taken their name from this city, some This animal is the supporter of the wife of Candra
say it was in Brittany, not the Holy north corner of the heavens. Sataere German
Land. In some accounts, the king of Sarvakarmavaranavisodhani Buddhist a god of agriculture regarded as a
Sarras was the giant Alchendic. a god of literature manifestation of Loki
Sarrhitu (see Sarra Itu) one of the dharanis Satan Hebrew
Sarritor Roman (see also Sarvabuddhadharma-Kosavati) [Lord of Fire.Lord of the Underworld.
a god of agriculture sarvan European Old Bendy.Old Hangie.Old Harry.
Sarruma Mesopotamian elves or goblins who kept their masters Old Hornie.Nick.Old Driver.
[Saruma.Sharmas.Sharrumas.Sharuma] informed of what was going on Old Gentleman.Old Gooseberry.Old Ned.
a Hurrian god Sarvanivaranaviskambhin Buddhist Old One.Old Poker.Prince of Darkness.
son of Teshub and Hebat [=Tibetan Dip-pa-nam-sel] Sathan(as).The Adversary:
Sarsaok (see Hadhayosh) a god =Arab shaitan:=Ethiopian shaytan:
Sartiyas Mesopotamian one of the Dhyanibodhisattvas =Scottish Auld Hornie.Clootie.
[Queen of Katapa] Sarvapayajaha Hindu Little Gude.Old Scratch.Old Serpent.]
a Hittite goddess a god the devil: the personification of evil
Sartziel one of the Dhyanibodhisattvas He is generally depicted with horns,
a demon, ruler of the sign Scorpio, Sarvara (see Carvara) bat-like wings, a tail and cloven hooves
the scorpion (see also Barbiel) Sarvasokatamonirghatamati Buddhist but some German illustrations show a
saru Japanese a god crow and mediaeval pictures show him
a sign (monkey) of the Zodiac one of the Dhyanibodhisattvas as a human-headed serpent.
Sarube Japanese Sarvatma Hindu (see also Yazid)
descendants of Saruto-hike and Uzume the totality of spiritual force, Satan2
creators of ceremonial dance represented by the Trimurti a demon of sorcery
Saruda-hiko (see Saruta-hiko) Sary-khan Siberian In black magic, one of the Grand
Saruma (see Sarruma) a Tartar deity of happiness Dignitaries, leader of the opposition.
Sarur Mesopotamian grandson of Kudai Satang goddesses East Indian
[S(h)argaz.Sharuk.Sharur] (see also Kyrgis-khan) the 7 daughters of Mahatala
a Sumerian god Saryata Hindu sisters of Jata
The deified weapon (a cyclone) used a king These Dayak deities are the arbiters
by Ninurta which was capable of father of Sukanya of fate who take it in turns to
independent action. Sasabonsam African descend to earth on brooms to judge
Saruta Japanese [Sasabonsum:=Dahomey Yehwe Zogbanu] human beings.
a monkey-god a hairy forest monster of the Ashanti Satan’s Head (see Rosh ha Satan)
Saruto-hiko Japanese husband of Srahman Satapatha Brahmana Hindu
[Saruda-hiko] He had feet pointing both ways and a collection of stories including the
an earthly deity ate any travellers he could capture story of Manu and the fish
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 Sataram Sau Kompul

Sataram (see Sudrem) immolates herself on her husband’s devotion by granting her three wishes.
Sataran Mesopotamian funeral pyre, stems from this incident. One of these was that she might have
[Istaran] Satis Greek many children. Yama, realising that he
a god of medicine the Greek name for the Egyptian had been tricked since she could have
He also acts as a judge. goddess Sati children only if she had a husband,
Satarupa (see Shatarupa) Satjit (see Sati1) restored Satyavana to life.
Satavahana Hindu Satki Hindu Satyavati Hindu
a king a javelin, one of the weapons of Durga [‘truthful’]
He rejected a poem sent to him by Satmas (see Ummu Sibyani) a fisher-girl
Gunadhya who had written it in his Satrajit Hindu daughter of Adrika by a king
own blood. The poet tore some of the father of Satyabhama second wife of Shantanu
poem into small pieces and fed them Satrapis Greek mother of Vyasa by Parashara
slowly, one by one, into the fire, [=Syrian Sadrapa] She bore a son, Vyasa, to Parashara.
whereupon all the game animals a god of healing Later, her father allowed Satyavati to
gathered round, weeping at the beauty Satrud Thai marry the aged king, Shantanu, only
of the poem. The king then fell ill and the Thai version of Satrughna on the condition that any son of the
was advised to eat game – but there Satrughna Hindu union should inherit Shantanu’s
was no game to be found anywhere. [=Thai Satrud] throne instead of Bhishma, his son by
The king quickly changed his mind a god his first wife. She produced two sons,
and bought the remaining part of the son of Dasa-ratha and Sumitra both of whom died childless so she
poem. brother of Lakshmana persuaded Vyasa, her son by Parashara
Satavesa Persian sattva Hindu or, some say, her husband’s half-
a star-spirit created by Ahura Mazda one of the 3 gunas covering the brother, that he had a duty to the
ruler of the west transmigration of the soul widows to give them children and
Satet (see Sati1) Saturday (see Baron Samedi) he complied.
Sathan (see Satan) Saturn Roman Satyavrata Hindu
Sathanas (see Satan) [Sa(e)turnus.’sower’:=Greek Cronus] [Trishanku]
Sati1 Egyptian god of agriculture, vines, workers a king of Dravidia
[Queen of Elephantine.Satet.Satjit: husband of Lua and, later, Ops He helped Vishnu in his struggle with
=Greek Satis] father of Juno, Jupiter, Neptune, Hayagriva and, as a reward for his
queen of goddesses, Picus and Pluto penance and charity, he was admitted
goddess of the cataracts In some accounts, he was regarded as to heaven as an immortal.
first wife of Khnum an early Italian king, ruling jointly satyr Greek
In some accounts, sister of Anuket, in with Janus, who went to heaven as [fem=satyra.satyress:=Roman faun.Silvan]
others her mother. Saturn when he died. god of the woodlands, part man,
She is depicted with the horns of an Saturnalia Roman part goat, with a long tail
antelope and wearing the white crown a festival in honour of Saturn, a fertility spirit
of Upper Egypt. December 17th-19th Some say that the satyrs were sons of
Sati2 Egyptian At this festival, masters and servants Hermes and brothers of the nymphs.
a serpent in Sekhet-Aaru which preyed exchange roles for the day. The modern Greek callicantzani
on the dead (see also Sigillaria) have many of the features of the
Sati3 Hindu Saturnus (see Saturn) ancient satyrs.
[Ambika.S(h)akti.Parvati.Uma.‘virtuous’] Satya-bhama East Indian satyra (see satyress)
an aspect of Devi or Parvati a wife of Kritarajasa satyral
an incarnation of Lakshmi or Uma Satya-Loka Hindu a monster with parts of man, lion
a name for Parvati as ‘good wife’ [Abode of Truth] and antelope
daughter of Daksha and Prasuti one of the 7 realms of the universe, Satyrane British
first wife of Shiva home of the gods a noble in The Faerie Queene
When her father invited all the gods (see also Brahma-Loka) who rescued Una
except Shiva to a sacrifice she satya-yuga (see krita-yuga) satyress
immolated herself though some say Satyabhama Hindu [satyra]
that it was Gauri who immolated a Tamil goddess a female version of a satyr
herself to become Sati. Another story daughter of Satrajit satyrisci (see satyrisk)
says that she fell in love with Shiva but a consort of Krishna and Vishnu satyrisk Greek
he was not invited to the ceremony at Satyavana Hindu [plur=satyrisci]
which a maiden chooses her husband. son of Dyumatsena a young satyr
She neverthless became his consort husband of Savitri sau (see siau.tahu1)
but burnt to death from the intensity He died, as had been prophesied, Sau Kompul Pacific Islands
of her own purity. In both versions she within a year of his marriage to a dog in the Gilbert Islands
was later reborn as Parvati. The Savitri and she followed him to the This animal was said to spy on enemies
practice of suttee (sati), where a widow underworld. Yama rewarded her of the tyrant Sau Telur.
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 Sau Telur Say

Sau Telur Pacific Islands Sauru (see Saura) Savitri3 Hindu

a tyrant killed by Isokalakal Sauska Mesopotamian a princess
sauba (see Saubha) [=Syrian Kubaba] daughter of Ashvapati
Saubha1 Hindu a Hurrian mother-goddess wife of Satyavana
[Sauba] and fertility-goddess When her husband died, as had been
a flying city Sauvagine European prophesied, within a year of marriage,
Saubha2 Hindu [Sauvaigne] she followed him into the under-
[Dhapura.Tranga] a sword of Ogier, made by world. Yama rewarded her devotion
a floating city Munifican by granting her three wishes. The
This city, home of the Daityas, was said Sauvaigne (see Sauvagine) first wish restored her father-in-law,
to lie to the west of the sub-continent. sauvastika (see svastika) Dyumatseni, to his throne, the second
It was overthrown by Krishna. Saw Meya (see Hnit-ma-dawgyi) restored his eyesight. The third wish
Saubhadra (see Abhimanyu) Sava Pacific Islands was that she might have many
Saubhagya-Bhuvanesvari Buddhist brother of I’i children. Yama, realising that he had
a goddess of good fortune He and his sister are regarded as the been tricked, since she could have
Saubhari Hindu first to settle on Savai’i, becoming the children only if she had a husband,
a hermit ancestors of the people of that island. restored Satyavana to life.
Though he was old and shrivelled after Savala (see Kamadhenu) Savul (see Saul)
years of asceticism, he demanded one Savali Pacific Islands Sawan (see Samhain2)
of the king’s fifty daughters as a wife. a Samoan messenger-god Sawara Japanese
He turned himself into a handsome Savari1 British an artist
young man so that all fifty of them a king of Spain He loved Kimi, the niece of his tutor,
agreed to marry him and he ended up He carried off Lidoine after the death Tenko, but when he left to learn more
with a hundred and fifty sons. of her husband, Ladon. She was from Myokei, this great artist wanted
sauger (see guyascutus) rescued by King Arthur. Sawara to marry his daughter. Kimi,
Saul Mesopotamian Savari2 Tibetan distraught at this news, disappeared
[Savul] a fearsome Buddhist-Lamaist goddess, and, when Sawara returned to Tenko’s
a Babylonian god one of the gauris house, she was nowhere to be found so
Saule Baltic Savarkama Hindu he married a farmer’s daughter named
a Latvian sun-goddess a king Kiku. When he later met Kimi, she
daughter of Perkunas father of Rituparna stabbed herself to death on learning
consort of Dievs and Meness Savarna (see Sanjna.Sharanyu) that her beloved had married another.
She drives across the sky each day in a Savarni Hindu He painted a picture of the dead Kimi
chariot and, each night, she washes the son of Surya which came to life and visited him
horses in the sea. brother of Shani every night. He finally gave the picture
When her husband, Meness, had an Savary European to be hung in a temple and put aside
affair with Ausrine, Perkunas cut him a duke of Aquitane his wife, Kiku.
in half. father of Fezon Sawoye African
The berries of the shrubs on the Savea Si’uleo Pacific Islands husband of Marwe
hills were said to be her tears. a god of the dead He had a terrible skin disease but when
In some accounts, Saule is male and brother of Salevao he married Marwe it miraculously
Meness is female. Savitar (see Savitri1) disappeared.
Saules meitas Baltic Savitr (see Savitri1) He was killed by men jealous of his
daughters of Saule Savitri1 Hindu wealth but Marwe used her magic to
They rake up the hay mown by the [Mart(t)anda.Prajapati.Savit(a)r] restore him to life.
Dievadeli in the celestial meadows. a god of the morning and evening sun Saxneat (see Saxnot)
Sauna Inuit a version of Marttanda Saxnot Saxon
the spirit of the west wind son of Aditi [Sahsnot.S(e)axneat.Swordbearer:
Saunanda Hindu one of the Adityas =German Tiwaz:=Norse Cheru.
the club of Balarama He has the power to grant immortality Heimdall.Tyr]
Saupe Pacific Islands and longevity and arranges the a war-god
a magician in the Marianas rotation of the seasons. He was later He is regarded as a manifestation of
brother of Sipe assimilated into Surya. Heimdall or Tyr.
To honour their ancestors and the He is depicted riding in a golden Saxo Grammaticus Danish
deity Lugeilan, the brothers built chariot drawn by white horses. a writer
monuments using their magic to cause In some accounts he is equated with He was the author of Gesta Danorum.
stones to fly into position. Agni. Say Egyptian
Saura Persian Savitri2 Hindu [Shay:=Greek Agathos Daimon]
[Sauru] daughter of the sun-god a god of fate
a demon, ‘misgovernment’, opposing wife of Brahma He attends the weighing of the
Kshathra Varya (see also Sarasvati.Shatarupa) individual’s heart in the underworld.
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 sayadaw Sceolan

sayadaw Burmese Hephaestus stopped the fight by through the hole below the cooking-
a title for the head of a monastery scorching the river dry. pot when his mother disobeyed
Sayadio North American Scamandrius (see Astyanax) instructions and moved the pot.
an Iroquois brave Scamandros (see Scamander) Scarmiglione
He was greatly grieved when his sister Scamandrous (see Scamander) [Scaramallion]
died and travelled to Shadowland in scapulimancy a demon in Dante’s Inferno
the hope of rescuing her. With the [scapulomancy] Scath Irish
help of the keeper and Tarenyawago, divination from shoulder blades a realm of the afterworld from which
the master of ceremonies, he captured (see also omoplatoscopy) Cuchulainn is said to have seized
her spirit and took it home with him. scapulomancy (see scapulimancy) much treasure
As he prepared to revivify his sister’s scarab Egyptian Scathach (see Sgathach.Skatha)
corpse, a foolish brave (or, in some [scarabaeus.scarabee] scatomancy
accounts, a young girl) lifted the lid of a sacred beetle: the personification divination from inspecting faeces
the gourd. The trapped spirit flew off of Kephra Sceaf Norse
and Sayadio fell dead from grief. scarabaeus (see scarab) [Scef(ing).Scyld.Skeaf.Skidd(r).
Sayings of Confucius (see Lun Yü) scarabee (see scarab) Skiold.Skjold.Stigarde]
Sayings of Odin (see Havamal) Scaramallion a king of the Danes
Sayoni (see Sa-yoni) the English version of Scarmiglione son of Odin
saytan (see shaytan) Scarface North American husband of Gefjon
Sayuka-hime (see Sengen) [Poia] He arrived mysteriously on the shores
Sazquiel a Blackfoot brave of Denmark in an open boat with a
a demon of the hours of the days son of Apisuahts by Soatsaki sheaf of corn for a pillow and was
sBed-byed (see Gobaka) He loved the daughter of a chief and made king. When he died, he was
Scaen gates Greek she promised to marry him if he could placed in a boat which drifted out to
the entrance gates to the city of Troy persuade the sun-god, Natos, to sea.
where Paris shot Achilles release her from her undertaking not In some accounts he was a form
Scaevola Roman to marry (or to marry Natos, in some of Heimdall.
a young noble versions) and return without the scar, Sceanb Irish
When the Italians besieged Rome, he caused by a bear’s claw, that disfigured wife of Craftiny
entered their camp to assassinate their his face. After many tribulations, he She had an affair with Cormac Cond
leader, Lars Porsena, but killed the met the sun-god’s son, Apisuahts, who Longes and her jealous husband had
wrong man. When captured, he took him to his father. Scarface and him killed.
plunged his hand into a blazing fire Apisuahts often hunted together and Scef (see Sceaf)
without flinching and, by his bravery, when Scarface saved his companion Scefing (see Sceaf)
persuaded Lars Porsena to make peace. from a flock of savage birds, the sun- Sceine (see Scena)
scald (see skald) god agreed to allow him to marry his Sceiron (see Sciron)
Scala Coeli beloved and removed the scar from Scena Irish
a 12th C book by Honorius describing his face. [Sceine.Skena]
many mythical animals In another version, Feather-woman wife of Amergin Glungheal
scales (see Libra) (Soatsaki) fell in love with Morning She died on the voyage to Ireland and
Scalliotta British Star (Apisuahts) and was taken up to was buried there.
[Scalot] the star-country in a spider’s web. Scenmed Irish
the Italian name for Astolat, home When she disobeyed instructions sister of Forgall
of Elaine never to dig up the great turnip which Cuchulainn killed Forgall who had
Scalot (see Scalliotta) blocked the hole through which she refused him the hand of his daughter
Scamander Greek had ascended, she was banished back Emer, abducting Emer and making her
[Scamandro(u)s.Skamandros. to earth, taking her son, the star-boy his wife. Scenmed raised an army and
Xanthos.Xanthus] named Poia, who was called Scarface. pursued them but Cuchulainn defeated
a river-god of Troy When he grew up, he sought his father her forces and killed Scenmed.
father of Strymo in the star-country and, after saving his Sceolaing (see Sceolan)
father of Teucer by Idaea father from death, was permitted by Sceolan Irish
He was a Cretan who founded a the sun-god to return to earth without [Grey Dog.Sceolaing.Sgeolan.Skolawn]
colony in Phrygia. He fell into the the scar that disfigured his face and to a hound of Finn
river Xanthus, which thereafter marry the maiden he loved. After Finn’s sister (or, in other accounts, his
became the Scamander, the source of teaching his people the Sun-dance, he sister-in-law or aunt) was Uirne and
fertility for maidens who bathed in its returned to the star-country. she was to be married to Iollan. When
waters, and fathered Teucer on a river- In some stories, a cooking-pot takes she was pregnant, Iollan’s jealous
nymph. the place of the turnip and the scar on mistress, a druidess, put a spell on
He was said to have fought Achilles Poia’s face was caused when he rubbed Uirne, turning her into a bitch, with
who had filled the river with corpses his cheek on the leather thong by the result that her children, Sceolan
to avenge the death of Patroclus. which he and his mother were lowered and Bran, were born as hounds.
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 Schacabac
In other accounts, Uirne was the magic bed that moved of its
restored to her former self by Lugaid own accord.
Lagha, whom she married, and the Schedbarchemoth
pups were born to them at the same a demon of the moon
time as human triplets. schedim (see shedeem)
In some versions, Bran and Sceolan Schedius Greek
were originally owned by a giant who son of Iphitus
stole children. When Finn killed the brother of Epistrophius
giant and rescued the children, he also He and his brother were the leaders of
took the giant’s bitch and her two the Phocian contingent at Troy.
whelps. Finn kept the brindled one, Scheherazade Persian
Bran, and the other, called Sceolan, [Shahrazad]
was left with the children’s father. wife of King Shahriyah
Later the hound was captured by In The Arabian Nights, she told her
invading Lochlanners and turned husband a story each night for 1001
loose in Glen More where it became a nights, leaving the tale unfinished, to
wild, ravaging beast. Finn, who was escape execution, the fate of all the
later captured by the Lochlanners, was king’s previous wives.
left bound at the mercy of the hound Scheliel
but he tamed Sceolan by showing it a moon-demon
the golden leash he used for Bran. Schenteflurs British
When Finn was rescued by the Fianna, son of Gornemant
he took Sceolan with him and he was brother of Gurzgi, Liaze and Lascoyt
reunited with Bran. Scheria Greek
On one occasion, both Bran and an island ruled by Alcinous
Sceolan were stolen by Arthur, a son of This is where Odysseus came ashore
the British king, Arthur, who had come after his raft was wrecked and where
to Ireland with twenty-eight warriors to he was found by Nausicaa.
seek adventure. Nine Fianna warriors Schethalim
followed them to Scotland and killed a demon
all of them, taking Arthur prisoner, Schiekron
and recovering the hounds. a demon associated with lust
When Angus Og said that the Schilbung Norse
hounds could not kill a single pig in his brother of Nibelung
herd, Finn set them to work and they He quarrelled with his brother over
killed all the herd of a hundred, sharing their father’s estate; both were
including a famous black boar. killed by Siegfried.
Schacabac Persian Schionatulander British
[Shacabac] [Tchionatulander]
in The Arabian Nights, a beggar who husband of Sigune
was the subject of the cruel jest of He was killed by the Red Knight
Barmecide’s feast when he tried to recover the pet dog
Schachlil that had been stolen from Sigune.
a demon associated with the sun’s rays Schirim
Schal-jime Russian a demon in the form of a goat
a hero of the flood in Tartar lore Schlauraffenland German
He became the ruler of the realm to the German version of Cockaigne
which dead children go. Schlemihl
Schala (see Sala) a man who sold his soul to
Schaltiel the devil
a demon, ruler of the Zodiacal sign of Schoenius Greek
Virgo, the virgin (see also Hamaliel) a king of Orchomenus
schamir Norse son of Athamas and Themisto
a magic stone said to make the husband of Clymene
holder invisible father of Atalanta, in some accounts
Scharpfe Norse Schratt German
son of Etzel by his first wife [=Celtic Dus]
brother of Porte a goblin (see also Scrat)
Schastel Marveil British sciapod
the home of Klingsor a mythical one-footed man with one
It was here that Gawain slept in large foot
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Scoriath
Sciathbhreag Irish
a warrior of the Fianna
sciomancy (see necromancy)
Sciron1 Greek
[Sceiron]
an outlaw
son of Poseidon
A bandit who demanded that travellers
should wash his feet and then kicked
them over the cliff where a tortoise ate
the bodies. Theseus, on his journey to
Athens to find his father, dealt with
Sciron in the same fashion.
(see also Sciron2)
Sciron2 Greek
[Sceiron]
son of Pylas
father of Endeis
He and Nisus were both claimants for
the throne of Megara. Aeacus arbitrated
and gave the throne to Nisus, making
Sciron his army commander.
In some accounts, he is the same as
Sciron the outlaw. (see also Sciron1)
Sciron3 Greek
a wind from the north-west quarter
Scirophoria Greek
a festival in honour of Athena or of
Core and Demeter, at which pigs
were killed, held in June/July
Scobelleum British
a fruitful country
The inhabitants of this country had all
the vices that afflict humanity and
were punished for it – the women were
turned into cows and the men into
various other animals.
Scoithfhionn
a wife of Finn mac Cool, some say
scolopendra English
a fabulous fish (Spenser)
scopellism
in black magic, curses written on
paper attached to stones thrown
into gardens, etc.
Scoriath Irish
father of Moriath
Some versions say he was king of
Feramorc in Munster, others of the Fir
Morca in Gaul. Covac, king of Ireland,
had killed the father and grandfather
of Maon (Lugaid Loiseach) and forced
the boy to eat parts of their hearts.
The boy was either previously dumb
or was rendered dumb by the
experience and fled to Gaul. He fell in
love with Moriath, the daughter of
Scoraith, either in Munster or in Gaul,
and her father not only agreed to let
Maon marry his daughter but raised an
army which invaded Ireland, killed
 Scorpio sea-spirit2

Covac and installed Maon on the Scox (see Shax) Another story says that Amphitrite,
throne. Scrat German annoyed when her husband Poseidon
Scorpio [Schratt.Scrato:=Celtic Dus: looked at Scylla, turned her into a
[Scorpion:=Akkadian Girtab:=Arab =Icelandic Skratti] monster by putting magic herbs into
Aqrab:=Hebrew Akrabh] a forest-demon the water where she bathed.
the eighth sign of the Zodiac, Scratchfoot European Some accounts say that she was
the scorpion a hen in Reynard the Fox killed by Heracles when she stole some
scorpion1 mate of Henning of Geryon’s cattle from him but she
an arachnid with a sting in its tail: She was killed by Reynard the Fox. was revivified by Phorcos. Others say
(1) In Babylonian lore the scorpion Scrato (see Scrat) that she was turned into a rock.
appears as Scorpion Man. screbonie North American Scyrius Greek
(see separate entry) a fabulous animal a king of Scyros
(2) In Egypt the scorpion was Scritta Anglo-Saxon father of Aegeus
regarded as the personification of [=Celtic Dus:=German Scrat] Scyros Greek
Serket and was sacred to Isis. a monster the island ruled by Lycomedes
(3) In Greece, a scorpion was sent scrying Scythes Greek
by Artemis or Gaea to kill Orion, [crystal-gazing.crystallomancy] son of Heracles
who had boasted that he could divination from images seen in a brother of Agathyrsus and Gelonus
kill any animal, and was set in the crystal ball On his way back to Greece after
heavens as the constellation Scorpio Scuab Uasafach Irish seizing Geryon’s cattle, Heracles had
as a reward. [Terrible Broom] his horses stolen by a snake-tailed
It was said that oil extracted a battalion of the Fianna woman (Echidna, some say) who
from a scorpion acted as an antidote This elite battalion was commanded returned the horses only when he slept
to the poison from its sting. by Oscar and was renowned for with her. She bore him three sons.
(4) The Hebrews regarded the never yielding. Scythes became the first king of
scorpion as a symbol of evil. Scyld Norse Scythia.
(5) In Persia this animal represents in some accounts, the same as Sceaf; Scythians (see Arimaspi)
autumn and decay. Mithra is in others, his son Se-irim Hebrew
depicted as a bull, the strength of Scylla1 Greek [Ceirim]
life, in summer and the scorpion [Ciris.Skulla.Skulle.Skylla.‘whelp’] hairy, goatlike monsters
nibbles away at the bull’s testicles daughter of Nisus sea-dog
representing the fading of summer She was nursed by Carme, a slave- a monster in the form of a dog with
and the onset of autumn. woman from Crete. Her father, a king fins and a beaver’s tail
(6) In Toltec lore, the god Yappon of Megara had been warned that he sea-dragon
and his wife Tlahuitzin were both must never cut his purple hair or his a monster, part dragon, part fish
turned into scorpions when they kingdom would fall. When Minos sea-horse
were killed by Yaotl. attacked Megara, the siege lasted six a monster in the form of a horse
Scorpion2 (see Scorpio) months until Scylla fell in love with with a fish’s tail
Scorpion Man Mesopotamian him and killed her father by cutting off sea-king
[Girtablili] a lock of his hair to give to Minos who the king of the mer-people
one of the Eleven Mighty Helpers seduced and then deserted her. She sea-lion
created by Tiamat. drowned when she tried to swim after a monster, part lion, part fish
Scota1 Irish his departing ship and her father’s sea-maid (see mermaid)
[Bera] spirit, in the form of a sea-eagle, sea-man (see merman)
a Milesian queen attacked her. She was changed into a sea-nymph
daughter of the pharaoh, Nectanebus lark, Ciris. a minor sea-goddess
second wife of Milesius Scylla2 Greek Sea of Clear Glass Irish
She died soon after reaching Ireland [Skulla.Skulle.’whelp’] an area of smooth sea
which was conquered by her sons who a nymph Maeldun encountered this glass-
overcame the Danaans. daughter of Zeus and Lamia smooth sea during his voyage.
In some accounts she is equated daughter of Phorcos and Cratais or Sea of Death Mesopotamian
with Cailleach Bheur. Hecate, some say part of the underworld ruled by Sabitu
Scota2 Irish Some say she spurned the love of the Sea of Two Knives Egyptian
daughter of the pharaoh, Cingris sea-god Glaucus and Circe, who a sacred lake
wife of Niul wanted Glaucus herself, turned her A symbol of the primaeval waters
mother of Gaedheal into a six-headed monster with three holding the Isle of Flames.
Scotia Greek rows of teeth and twelve feet sea-serpent
a sea-goddess of Cyprus destroying everything that came a monster in the form of a marine
Scotorum Historiae Scottish within range of the cliff on which she animal
a history, written by Boece, which was fixed, opposite the whirlpool Sea Spirit1 (see Sedna)
includes some Arthurian lore Charybdis. sea-spirit2 (see roane.selkie)
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 sea-unicorn Secret Commonwealth, The

sea-unicorn victory and clothes that would protect Sebek-Osiris Egyptian

a monster, part unicorn, part fish him from both fire and water. a composite of Sebek and Osiris as
sea-wolf Seancha mac Aillealla Irish a god of the dead
a monster, part wolf, part fish a counsellor and peacemaker In this role he was envisaged as a
sea-woman (see mermaid) at the court of Conor mac crocodile with a human head.
Seachnasach Irish Nessa Sebek-Ra Egyptian
a king of Tara Seanchan Torpest Irish a composite of Sebek and Ra, a
Seachran Irish [Seanchan Torpeist.Senchan] manifestation of the sun-god
a giant a chief poet In this role he was envisaged as a man
Finn mac Cool made friends with this husband of Brighid with a crocodile’s head.
giant who took him to his home. His He was said to have killed ten rats Sebettu Mesopotamian
family were hostile and tried to kill merely by reciting a couplet and was a group of Akkadian demons
Seachran. A huge claw appeared and once carried off by the king-cat Irusan The malevolent Sebettu are the
grabbed hold of him and, in his efforts for composing a satire. cause of eclipses and various disasters
to escape, he accidentally knocked At the court of Guaire, king of but are opposed by the benevolent
his mother in a boiling cauldron. Both Connaught, he was challenged to Sebettu.
Seachran and Finn fled the scene but recite the story of the Cattle Raid of Sebile British
were overtaken by Seachran’s brother Cooley. He knew this story because [Sebille]
who killed Seachran. Finn avenged his he had raised the dead king, Fergus a sorceress
death by killing the brother and then mac Roth, and learned the whole story a companion of Morgan le Fay
resuscitated Seachran with the aid of from him before allowing him to Sebille (see Sebile)
his magic ring. return to his grave. Sebitti Mesopotamian
Seaghdha (see Segda) Seanchan Torpeist Babylonian war-gods
seal (see Seanchan Torpest) children of Anu
an occult or demonic device in Seang Irish Sechmet (see Sekhmet)
the form of a diagram or daughter of a Scythian king Sechobochobo African
picture first wife of Milesius in Zambia, a one-eyed, one-legged
seal-maiden (see roane.selkie) When she died, Milesius went to forest monster
Sean mac Semais Irish Egypt and married Scota. Sechol-Hor Egyptian
a young man of Munster Searbhan (see Sharvan) a cow-goddess
He fell dead at his engagement party Seasons (see Horae) foster-mother of Horsu, some
but was carried off and restored to Seat of Danger (see Perilous Seat) say
life by Cliona. When Caitlin Og, his Seat of Dread (see Perilous Seat) Second Lord of Quality
betrothed, demanded a large ransom Seat Perilous (see Perilous Seat) (see Erh-lang)
from Cliona, she released him. Seathrun Ceitinn Irish Second Sun Central American
Seanaigh Irish a priest [Four Wind.Sun of Air]
[Maol Seanaigh] He collected and distributed much the second age of the Aztec
When Cellach was deposed by Guaire Irish lore. creation cycle
and fled to an island, Seanaigh and Seaxneat (see Saxnot) At the end of the first era, ruled by
three other young monks went with Seb Egyptian Tezcatlipoca and which lasted for
him. They later accepted a bribe from in some versions, a name of Geb 676 years, the animals ate all the
Guaire and killed Cellach. The dead Seba Egyptian human beings. Quetzalcoatl killed
man’s brother, Muireadhach, found in some accounts, a serpent Tezcatlipoca and ruled for the period
the body and, when he caught the (see also Sati2) of the Second Sun which also lasted
murderers, had them put to death. Sebak (see Sebek) for 676 years. When he took over,
Seanan Irish Sebastian European Quetzalcoatl created a new race of
[Senan] a king of Portugal humans and, by sacrificing his own son
a saint He was killed in a battle against the in the fire, brought light to the dark
son of Geirgreann Moors but is said to lie sleeping, world they lived in.
He is said to have performed many awaiting a call to rule Brazil. At the end of this period, Tlaloc
miracles, including restoring the dead Sebek Egyptian caused a great wind to blow away all
to life and banishing a monster from [Rem(i).Sebak.Sob(e)k:=Greek Sekonopis. these humans (except a few who
Scattery Island where he established a Sochos.S(o)uchos] became monkeys) and took over as
monastery. He was persuaded to allow a crocodile-god ruler of the Third Sun.
women to join his community by the son of Neith Another version calls this period the
woman, Canair who walked to the father of Khons by Hathor, some say Sun of Air and accepts that two
island on the wave-tops. In some accounts he is identified with humans escaped destruction at the end
Seanbheag Irish Maka or Set. of the era. (see also sun1)
a man from the Otherworld He is depicted as a crocodile or as a Secret Commonwealth, The British
In one story, he met Cuchulainn and crocodile with the head of a hawk. a treatise on Gaelic fairy lore, written
gave him weapons that would ensure (see also aart) by Robert Kirk
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 Secular Games1 seirenes

Secular Games1 Greek She was one of the three spirits to sacrifice the son of sinless parents,
a festival held every 4 years in honour controlling the forces of nature. he sailed to the Land of Wonder and
of Hades When she started to eat her parents, took Segda. The youth’s life was saved
Secular Games2 Roman they threw her into the sea from their when Conn was persuaded to sacrifice
a festival held at intervals of 100 boat and when she clung to the sides, a cow instead.
years (at the beginning of a new they cut off her fingers which became Seger (see Seker)
saeculum) in honour of Dis fish, whales, etc. Segesta (see Egesta)
and Proserpina In another version, she rejected Segomo Celtic
Securita Roman humans in favour of animal lovers and a war-god in Gaul
[Securitas] was thrown into the sea by her father In some accounts he is equated
a guardian goddess protecting when he was taking her home from a with Cocidius.
the empire meeting with one of these lovers. Segun North American
Securitas (see Securitas) In yet another version Sedna was a the manitou of summer, in the lore of
Sed1 Hebrew mortal who was carried off from a boat the Algonquin
[plur=Sedim] by a petrel. Her parents tried to drive Segurant British
a demon with magical powers to the bird away but it then attacked [Knight of the Dragon.Knight of
whom children were sacrificed them so they threw their daughter into the Old Table]
Sed2 Egyptian the sea, cutting off her fingers when a knight at Uther’s court
a cannibalistic feast she tried to climb back into the boat. Segwarides British
If the king was still alive after thirty Sedrat (see Sidrat al-Muntaha) a knight of King Mark’s court
years on the throne he was killed and Sedu Mesopotamian Both Tristram and King Mark were
eaten so that his strength would pass to [Sedhu:=Hebrew Sed] attracted to this knight’s wife. She
his successor. a Babylonian spirit of the underworld preferred Tristram who seduced her
Sed3 Egyptian He and the female Karibatu were and then defeated Segwarides when he
a jackal-god, guardian of the installed as guardians at the entrance challenged the seducer.
individual of palaces and both were depicted as Sehem Egyptian
Sed4 Mesopotamian winged bull/human hybrids. divine energy personified
a Semitic sun-god seelie court Scottish Sei-O-Ba Japanese
Seder (see Pasch) benevolent fairies [Seiobo:=Chinese Hsi Wang Mu]
Sedim (see Sed1) Seere goddess of the west
Sedanta (see Setanta) a demon Seiobo (see Sei-O-Ba)
Sedeq (see Sydyk) one of the 72 Spirits of Solomon Seia Roman
Sedhu (see Sedu) This being is said to be able to make a guardian-goddess of newly-planted
Sedhu-Lal Hindu anything happen instantaneously and corn
an attendant on the smallpox appears as a man riding a horse. Seian Horse Roman
goddess, Shitala Seeta (see Sita) a horse apparently bringing ill-fortune
Sedit North American Seeva Baltic to its owner
[Coyote] [=Slav Siva] seid Norse
a trickster-god of the Wintun people a Lithuanian love-goddess [seidr.seithr]
Olelbis sent his brothers to earth with Seewiesken German a form of divination, using magic,
orders to build a ladder from earth to a water-spirit practised by Freya and others
heaven so that men could ascend to Sef Egyptian Practitioners of this art could cause the
renew their youth. Sedit persuaded the a lion-god soul to leave the body, take on the form
brothers to dismantle the work that ruler of yesterday of some animal and attack an enemy.
they had already done but suddenly brother of Dua, some say seidberendr (see vitkar)
realised that he himself was now cut Sefkhet-Awby Egyptian seide Lapp
off from heaven. He tried to reach [Safekh-Aubi.Safket-Awbi.Safkhat-Awbi. a sacred object in the form of a
heaven, flying on a pair of home-made Ses(h)at.Ses(h)et.Sesheta] weathered stone or tree-stump, said
wings, but they shrivelled in the heat a goddess of writing and libraries to predict the future
of the sun and Sedit was killed when he She is often depicted wearing a long seidean side (see sidhe gaoite)
fell back to earth. dress made of panther-skin. Seider (see Pasch)
Sedna North American Segais’ Well (see Well of Segais) seidhkoma Norse
[Arnaknagas.Arnaknagsak.Arnakua’gsak. Segard British female magicians
Arn(a)quagssaq.Arna(r)ku(su)agsak. steward to Rohand, father of Guy seidhmadr Norse
Great Goddess.Immap Ukua.Nuliajoq. of Warwick male magicians
Nuliajuk.‘old woman’.Sea Spirit: Segda Irish seidr (see seid1)
=Greenland Nerrivik: [Seaghdha.Segda Saerlabraid] Seileni (see Silenus2)
=Siberian Nuli’rahak] a prince of the Otherworld Seilinos (see Selinus)
a one-eyed sea-goddess of the son of Manannan and Fand or Seilinus (see Silenus)
underworld in Alaska Rigru Roisclethan Seimia (see Simi)
daughter of Anguta When Conn, the high-king, was told seirenes (see siren)
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 Se’irim Selu

Se’irim (see Serim) Sekhet-Tchant Egyptian with Pan who gave her a white fleece
Seishi Japanese [Field of Zoan] or appeared in the form of a white
a Shinto deity a realm equated in some accounts ram.
seistron Egyptian with Amenti Some equate her with Artemis,
a priest’s staff imbued with Sekhmet (see Sakhmet) Hera, Io or Pasiphae.
protective powers Sekmet (see Sakhmet) (see also Chromia)
Seit Ka-doji Japanese Sekonopis (see Souchos) Selgi British
an attendant on, or an aspect Sekti (see Shakti) father of Sel
of, Fudo-myoo Sel Welsh Selindung Dalima Malay
Seitaka Japanese a warrior at King Arthur’s court daughter of Dewa Laksana
an attendant on, or an aspect son of Selgi and Seri Bunian
of, Fudo-myoo Sela African Selinus1 Greek
Seithenyn Welsh in the lore of the Abaluyia, the first a king of Aegialus
a man who, in some accounts, caused woman father of Helice
Cantref Gwaelod to be overwhelmed daughter of Wele Selinus2 Greek
by the sea sister and wife of Mwambu a river-god
seithr (see seid1) She and Mwambu were born in heaven Selises British
Seizam (see Tokugawa2) but Wele dropped a ladder down from a Knight of the Round Table
Sejarah Melayu Malay the sky and they descended to earth Selivant British
a 17th C book of history and and populated it with their offspring. a knight of King Arthur’s court
myths Selamanes (see Salman) brother of Bliant
Sek-ya Burmese Selardi Armenian He and Bliant looked after Lancelot at
a deity, lord of supernatural weapons [Selardib] Castle Blank for over a year and a half,
One of his weapons was a magic drum a moon-god during the period of Lancelot’s
which, when sounded, drove off the Selardib (see Selardi) madness.
enemy. He gave this drum to Lan Yein Selekana African Selk (see Selket)
and A-mong when they descended in the lore of the Lesotho, a girl who Selket Egyptian
to earth. was thrown into a river [Selk(it).Selq(u)et.Serket(-hetu).
Seker Egyptian She met the River Woman and worked Serket-hetyt.Serq(u)et:=Greek Selkis]
[Closer of the Day.Seger.Sokar(i): in the underwater palace of the River a fertility-goddess and
=Greek Sokaris.Soucharis] King for which she was rewarded with mortuary goddess
a falcon-headed god of mercy jewellery. The daughter of the village She guards the entrails of the dead
consort of Sakhmet chieftain jumped into the river, hoping and, in her role as scorpion-goddess,
He is a funerary god ruling over one for similar rewards, but she refused to guards the king’s throne. She is also
section of the underworld, the Western work in the palace and was eaten by said to guard the serpent, Apep.
Desert. the River King, a huge crocodile. She is depicted as having the head of
He is depicted as a hawk-headed Selena (see Selene) a scorpion or as a scorpion with a
human, a hawk with the body of a Selenus Greek woman’s head and is personified in
serpent and three human heads or a shepherd the scorpion.
sometimes with four heads – one of a This handsome young man was in selkie Scottish
ram, one of a bull and two of a hawk. love with Argyra and almost died of [sea-spirit.seal-maiden.silkie]
Sekhauit (see Sakhmet) grief when she left him. Aphrodite one of the sea-spirits, a seal race of
Sakhautet (see Sakhmet) turned the love-lorn fellow into the the Orkneys (see also roane)
sekhem1 Egyptian River Selemnus. Selkis Greek
a vital force inherent in the individual Selene Greek the Greek name for Selket
which, in some cases, survived [Asterodia.Mene.Phoebe.Selena. Selkit (see Selket)
death Seline:=Roman Luna] Sellen
Sekhem (see Sakhmet) a moon-goddess and goddess a demon
Sekhemtaui Egyptian of magicians Selli Greek
[Power of the Two Lands] a Titaness [Helli]
Wepwawet as an aspect of Osiris daughter of Hyperion and Thea the inhabitants of Dodona who made
Sekhet (see Sakhmet) daughter of Pallas or Helius by bread from acorns: priests of Zeus
Sekhet-Aalu (see Sekhet-Aaru) Euryphaessa, some say at Dodona
Sekhet-Aaru Egyptian sister of Helius and Eos Selqet (see Selket)
[Place of the Reeds.Sekhet-Aalu: She fell in love with the mortal Selquet (see Selket)
=Babylonian Aralu] Endymion and put him to sleep Selu North American
one of the realms of Amenti for ever so that she might visit him [Corn Mother]
Sekhet-Hetep Egyptian every night. the first woman, in the lore of
one of the realms of Amenti She is said to be the mother of his the Cherokee
Sekhet-Hor Egyptian fifty sons. wife of Kanati
a goddess protecting cattle Another story says that she slept mother of the Thunder Boys
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 Selvans Senapus

Selvans Roman Another story says that Dionysus Semnai Greek

an Italian god, possibly a god of was born in the normal fashion but, a Titaness
agriculture and forests when Semele claimed that Zeus was an Athenian goddess of the underworld
Selwanga African the father, Cadmus cast both Semele mother of the Horae, some say
a python-god of the Baganda and her son adrift in a chest. Semele Semnai Theai Greek
Selyf Welsh died but Dionysus was saved and [Eumenides.‘venerable goddesses’]
son of Cynan Whiteshank reared by Ino. (see also Zagreus) earth-goddesses at Athens
He appears as one of Owain’s Semenkoror (see Samonekoaner) and Colonus
companions in The Dream of Rhonabwy Semeon (see Semion) In some accounts, they became
where he is killed in battle. Semetet (see Sakhmet) identified with the Furies.
Semagumba (see Semagunga) Semias (see Simias) Semnocosus Roman
Semagunga African Semiazas a Spanish war-god
[Semagunba] [Samyasa.Samyaza] Semo Roman
a high priest of Mukasa a demon leader a vegetation-god, sower of seed
semangat (see sumangat) seminatrices malorum (see furiae1) He was later absorbed into Sancus
semangko East Indian Seming (see Saeming) as Semo-Sancus.
the ghosts of the dead in Papua Semion Irish Semo Sancus (see Sancus.Semo)
Semaquiel [Semeon] Semutega African
a demon, ruler of the Zodiacal sign an ancestor of the Fir Bolg in the lore of the Baganda, an
Capricorn, the goat grandson of Nemed umbilical cord dedicated to Kibuka
(see also Hanael) son of Stariat Sen Mag (see Senmag)
Semar East Indian Semiramis1 Armenian Sena1 Hindu
a Javanese god a goddess the Hindu equivalent of bacchante
brother of Batara Guru She fell in love with Er and had him Sena2 (see Devasena)
father of Garang and Petruk killed when he rejected her. She so Sena-pati1 Hindu
He was said to live on earth to protect regretted this that she persuaded a name of Karttikeya as ‘commander
the Pandawas. another lover to masquerade as Er, of armies’
Semara Pacific Islands pretending that he had returned from Sena-pati2 (see Senapati)
a Balinese god of love the dead. Senach Irish
Semargl Slav Another version says that Er was, in a warrior
a family god, the god of fact, restored to life just as he was Fand, the wife of Manannan, had been
barley about to be cremated. promised to Cuchulainn if he would
Sembadra (see Subadra) Semiramis2 Mesopotamian protect her from her enemies. One of
semblance [Sammuramat] his tasks was to fight Senach.
an apparition (c 800 BC) In some accounts he is referred to as
Semektet (see solar bark) a queen of Babylon a god of drought or frost.
Semele Greek daughter of Oannes and Atargatis, Senan (see Seanan)
[Keraunia.Stimula.Thyone:=Phrygian some say Senapati East Indian
Zemelo:=Roman Fauna] wife of Menon and Ninus [Sena-pati]
a princess of Thebes mother of Ninyas by Ninus a Javanese king
daughter of Cadmus and Harmonia In some accounts, her father was an The sea-goddess Kidul took him to
sister of Agave, Autonoe, Ino unnamed Syrian youth. her underwater palace where he
She was the mother of Dionysus by She was abandoned as a baby and became her lover and learned to
Zeus and, at the instigation of Hera in fed by doves. Found and reared by control the sea-spirits. When he
the guise of Semele’s old nurse, Beroe, Simmos, a shepherd, she married returned home, walking on the
foolishly demanded that he show Menon who hanged himself when surface of the sea, he became king of
himself to her in all his full glory and Ninus, the king of Assyria, demanded Java. Attempts to kill him by the
died before the divine light. Her Semiramis for himself. She later killed assassin, Bochor, and by Ratna Jumilah
unborn baby was placed by Hermes in Ninus and was herself killed by their failed because, as a divine king, he
the thigh of Zeus or, in some stories, son, Ninyas. was invulnerable.
Zeus himself saved the child by In one version of her death, she died Senapus European
inserting it into his own side. In either of heartbreak when she failed to a king of Abyssinia
event, the child, Dionysus was born at conquer India. As a young man, he had attempted to
full term and, years later, descended to Another story says that, when her invade the earthly paradise at the
Tartarus and successfully demanded mother was changed into a fish, she source of the Nile and for this
that Hades release the mother he had became a dove. presumption he was struck blind. He
never seen. She was carried up to In some accounts, her first husband, was also harried by the Harpies and, at
Olympus and, though a mortal, was Menon, is referred to as Moenones the time of Astolpho’s arrival, was
received by the gods and deified by or Onnes. Others say that Onnes was dying from starvation since the
Zeus. Thereafter she was known her father. Harpies snatched or fouled all his
as Thyone. Semketet (see solar bark) food. Astolpho drove off the Harpies
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 Senators of the Gods Septentrio

and cured the king’s blindness with a Senjemand Norse would have married him but he put to
magic herb. In return, the king gave a mountain-giant sea without her. She threw herself to
Astolpho a large army with which to He fell in love with Juterna-jesta who her death from the cliff-top.
support Charlemagne in his war with preferred Torge. In a rage, Senjemand Sentait Egyptian
the Saracens. shot a huge arrow that would have an ancient corn-goddess, later merged
In some accounts, it was Prester killed her had not Torge thrown his with Isis
John, king of Nubia, who was harried hat to deflect it. When Senjemand Sentaro Japanese
by the Harpies until Astolpho drove tried to ride off, the sun came up and a man who travelled to the Land
them off. he was turned to stone. of Eternal Youth
Senators of the Gods Italian Senjiu-Kannon (see Senjiu Kwannon) When Sentaro prayed at the shrine of
a group of great gods Senjiu Kwannon Japanese Jofuku, he received a small crane made
Senboth Irish [Senj(i)u-Kannon] of paper which turned into a real bird
a chieftain a name of Kwannon as ‘the that carried him to the land where all
He acted as adviser to Partholan. thousand-handed one’ the inhabitants, blessed (or cursed)
Sencha Irish In this version, she is depicted as having with eternal life, longed for death.
a warrior at the court of Conor mac forty rather than a thousand hands, When he returned to his home, he
Nessa each of which holds some object. found that he had been away for
He fought alongside Conary at the Senju-Kannon (see Senjiu Kwannon) 300 years.
siege of Da Derga’s hostel and was one Senkyo1 Japanese Sentraille du Lushon British
of the few to escape. one of a race with a hole right a knight, attendant on Tristram
Sencha mac Ailella Irish through the chest He helped Tristram to escape from the
a judge and poet A senkyo who was tired or ill could be prison into which he had been thrown
He was a tutor of the young Cuchulainn. carried by two others on a pole by Andred.
Senchan (see Seanchan) through the hole in his chest. Senx North American
Sen’dah North American Senkyo2 Japanese [Our Father.Sacred One.Sonx]
[Sen’dah Old Man] a paradisal realm, home of the sennin, a sun-god of the Bella Coola Indians
a trickster-god of the Kiowa on Cosmic Mountain of Canada
Sen’dah Old Man (see Sen’dah) Senmag Irish Seoritsu-hime Japanese
Sendai Kuji Hongi Japanese [The Old Plain] a water-goddess living in rapids
a (probably) 9th C record of the early the plain where the Partholanians Sep (see Sept)
ages of the gods, etc., in ten parts buried their dead Sepa (see Sept)
sending (see familiar) senmerv Persian Separ (see Vepar)
Sengalang Burong East Indian [samurv.senmurv.seymorg] Separate Heavenly Deities Japanese
a bird-god of the Iban tribe of Borneo a fabulous bird [Kotoamatsukami]
He was the grandfather of Surong This enemy of snakes was said to be the 5 primordial gods of the Shinto
Gunting and instructed him in the part bird, part mammal. pantheon
rituals of the birds. (see also simurgh) These five gods, from whom all other
In some accounts, he is described as senmurv (see senmerv) deities are said to be descended, are
a war-god appearing in the form of Sennan Holy Well British Amanominakamushi, Amanotokotachi,
a hornbill. a site where King Arthur and the Kamimusubi, Takamimusubi and
Sengann Irish kings of Cornwall gave thanks Umashiashikabihikoji.
son of Dela after they had defeated the Danes Sepd Egyptian
leader of the invading Fir Bolg at Vellendrucher a form of Bes as a handsome,
He and his brother Gann shared the sennin Japanese lion-faced man (see also Sept(u))
province of Munster. a recluse Sepi Malosi Pacific Islands
Sengen Japanese These beings appear as humans but [Sepo Malosi]
[Asama.Blossom Princess.Child-Flower. they are in fact immortal. They are a Samoan war-god
Fuji-hime.Ko-no-hana. said to be skilled magicians, able to This deity took the form of a bat and
Kono-hana-sakuya-hime.Sakuya] perform miracles such as producing an indicated victory by flying in front of
goddess of Mount Fuji image of themselves from the mouth, the eventual winners.
guardian of the cherry and walking on water and flying through (see also Taisumale)
plum blossom the air. Sepo Malosi (see Sepi Malosi)
daughter of Oho-yama Their home, the Cosmic Mountain, Sepset Egyptian
sister of Iha-Naga is said to be supported by a turtle. a goddess of the underworld
wife of Ninigi Senotlke North American She is present when the hearts of the
mother of Fire Fade and Fire Flash a serpent-like monster, in the lore of dead are weighed.
She married Ninigi but left him when the tribes of the northwest Sept Egyptian
he became jealous, immolating herself sensum (see ntoro) [Sep]
by setting fire to the wooden hut she Senta Norse the god of Sirius, the Dog-star
lived in, after giving birth to three daughter of Daland (see also Sepd)
sons. She loved the Flying Dutchman and Septentrio (see Aquilo)
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 Septentronial Signs Set

Septentronial Signs Seri Mesopotamian father of Tullia

the first 6 signs of the Zodiac a bull He was said to have been born when
Septu (see Bes.Sepd) This beast, together with Hurri, was a his mother mated with Vulcan in the
Sequana Celtic companion of Ishkur form of a phantom phallus rising from
[Sequena] Seri Turi Malay the fire.
a river-goddess of the Seine the name taken by Nila Utama when He was reared by Tarquin and his
and goddess of healing in he became the first ruler of Singapore queen, Tanaquil, and married their
Gaul Serida Mesopotamian daughter, becoming king when
Sequena (see Sequana) [=Babylonian A-a] Tarquin was assassinated.
Sequence British a Sumerian mother-goddess His daughter plotted with Tarquinius
one of King Arthur’s swords Serim Semitic Superbus to kill her Arruns, her
Seqinek North American [Sahirim.se’irim] husband. She then married Tarquinius
an Inuit sun-spirit mythical hairy, goat-like beings who had Servius assassinated so that
Ser-thup Buddhist living in desert areas: satyrs he could take the throne himself.
the Tibetan version of Kanakamuni Serimnir (see Saehrimnir) A similar story of the phantom
Sera Irish Serket (see Selket) phallus in the flames is told of the
father of Agnoman, Partholan Serket-hetu (see Serket-hetyt) daughter of Tarchetius, mother, in that
and Starn Serket-hetyt Egyptian account, of Romulus and Remus.
Some versions have Sera, not Partholan, [Serket(-hetu)] In some accounts, he is identified
as the husband of Dealgnaid. a name for Selket as controller of with Mastarna.
Serapati East Indian breath Sesa (see Ananta.Basuki)
a Javanese prince Serosevsky Russian Sesame (see Open Sesame)
When an enemy force was poised to a spirit of the forest Sesanaga (see Ananta)
attack, Serapati prayed to the sea- This being, which leads travellers astray, Sesat (see Sefkhet-Awby)
goddess who sent a shower of rocks to can appear as an animal or a human Sese African
disperse the enemy. being. an earth-god(dess) of the Ngbandi
Serapeum Egyptian serou Tibetan people
a temple of Serapis in Alexandria: [kee.tso’po] Sesemu (see Sezmu)
a burial place for the Apis bulls the unicorn Seset (see Sefkhet-Awby)
Seraph1 British serpent (see snake) Sesha (see Ananta.Basuki)
[Seraphe] serpent-god Seshanaga (see Ananta.Basuki)
the original name of Nascien a deified snake Seshat (see Sefkhet-Awby)
seraph2 serpent-goddess seshaw Egyptian
a flying serpent a deified snake magic rituals
Seraphe (see Seraph1) Serpent of the Obsidian Knives Seshet (see Sefkhet-Awby)
Seraphis (see Serapis) Central American Sesheta (see Sefkhet-Awby)
Serapion an Aztec symbol of sacrifice Sesmu (see Sezmu)
one of the Seven Sleepers He was originally regarded as one of Sesotris Egyptian
Serapis1 Egyptian the four giants supporting the sky at a mythical king said to have
[Asar-Hap(i).Osirap.Sarapis. the beginning of the Fifth Sun. conquered much of Africa
Seraphis.Usar-Api(s).Usar-Hapi] Serpent of the Sea (see Koloowise) and Asia
a god of the underworld Serpent of Wisdom (see Python2) Sesshiu Japanese
the Greek version of Osir-Apis, the Serpent Skirt (see Coatlantona) an artist
combination of Osiris and Apis Serpent-stone (see Copacati) At a very early age he was tied up in a
consort of Isis Serpent Woman (see Cihuacoatl) temple for some misdemeanour and,
Serapis was the state god during the Serqet (see Selket) using his tears for ink, and his toe for a
Greek occupation. Serquet (see Selket) brush, painted rats on the floor. These
He is depicted as having curly hair serra animals came to life and freed the boy
and beard, sometimes with a dog at a griffin-like monster, said to breathe by gnawing through his bonds.
his feet, or as a bearded, human-headed fire Sessrumnir (see Sessrymnir)
serpent. In some accounts, this beast has the Sessrymnir Norse
Serapis2 Greek head of a lion and the tail of a fox. [Sessrumnir.Sessymir]
[=Egyptian Apis.Osiris] Seru North American the palace of Freya in Folkvang
a god of the underworld, healer of the a corn-spirit of the Cherokee It was to this palace that Freya took
sick wife of Kanati her share of the warriors slain in battle.
Seratiel mother of Wild Boy Sessymir (see Sessrymnir)
a demon, ruler of the sign Leo, Servage (see Isle of Servage) Set Egyptian
the lion (see also Verchiel) Servant Rupert (see Knecht Ruprecht) [Ekhi.Iahu.Ombos.Seth(i).Seti.Sit.Sut:
Serbonian Bog Greek Servius Tullius Roman =Arab Shayth:=Canaanite Baal:
a morass at the mouth of the Nile, the sixth king of Rome =Greek Bapho.Typhon:=Mesopotamian
home of Typhon son of Ocresia Setekh.Setes(h).Sutekh.Sutesh.Suty]
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 Seta
animal-headed god of darkness,
sky-god and storm-god
son of Geb and Nut or Ra and
Nut
brother of Isis, Nephthys and
Osiris
husband of Nepthys
When Geb abdicated, he divided the
kingdom leaving the south to Set. Set
wanted the whole of the kingdom so,
in an attempt to get the north as well,
he put his brother Osiris in a box and
threw it into the Nile. When Isis
recovered the body, Set cut it into
fourteen pieces and threw them back
into the river. Isis recovered and
reassembled the pieces, restoring her
husband to life, but he went off to rule
in the underworld, leaving the
northern kingdom to Horus.
Set later fought a battle with Horus
for the whole kingdom. Set was
castrated but, in the form of a pig, put
out one of Horus’ eyes. In another
version, he gouged out both the eyes
and buried them. Lotus blossom
sprouted from the ground where the
eyes were buried and Horus had his
sight restored by the gods. In the end,
the case was put to the gods for a
decision and Horus won. Set was then
transferred either to the heavens as a
storm-god or the Great Bear or to the
desert as a war-god.
He was one of the gods protecting
Ra in his nightly journey through
the underworld and once saved Ra
when the serpent Apophis was about
to swallow him.
He is sometimes depicted as a boar
or as part ass, part pig, but, having
been born prematurely and shapeless, he
can take many different animal shapes.
In some accounts he is equated
with Sebek (see also Bebon.Nuoni.
Typhonian Beast)
Seta African
a fertility-goddess of East Africa
consort of Tororut
mother of Arawa, Ilat and Topoh
Setanta Irish
[Sedanta]
the original name of Cuchulainn
Setebos English
[Settaboth]
an evil spirit in Shakespeare,
based on Settaboth
Setek European
[Sotek:=Czech Dedek:
=Russian Dedushka Domovoy]
in Slovenia, a hobgoblin
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Seven Champions
Originally a guardian spirit, this being Thebans, all of whom he killed.
was downgraded. Each of them took station opposite
It is envisaged as a boy with claws one of the seven gates of the city with
instead of nails, inhabiting sheep Adrastus facing Megareus (the Neistan
pens. Gate), Amphiarus facing Lasthenes
Setekh (see Sutekh) (the Homoloid Gate), Capaneus facing
seterty (see adykh) Polyphontes (the Electrian Gate),
Setes (see Sutekh) Hippomedon facing Hyperbius (the
Setesh (see Sutakh) Oncaean Gate), Parthenopaeus facing
Setesuyara Pacific Islands Actor (the Borrhaean Gate), Polyneices
a Bali goddess of the underworld facing Eteocles (the Hypsistian Gate)
She was said to rule jointly with Batara and Tydeus facing Melanippe (the
Kala. Proetid Gate). The twin brothers tried
Seth1 Irish to settle the issue in face-to-face
son of Adam and Eve combat but each killed the other.
Irish lore says that Seth and the three In some accounts, Eteoclus is given
daughters of Cain were the first people in place of Adrastus and Mecisteus in
to come to Ireland. place of Polyneices. Of the seven, only
Seth2 (see Set) Adrastus survived the battle which
Sethi (see Set) ended in the defeat of the Argives.
Sethlans Roman Creon, who took over Thebes,
[Sethlaus:=Greek Hephaestus: refused to allow the Argives to collect
=Roman Vulcan] the bodies of the dead for burial causing
an Italian smith-god grave offence. Adastrus reported this to
Sethlaus (see Sethlans) Theseus who marched on Thebes,
Seti (see Set) captured Creon and returned the dead
Setna Egyptian to the families. The sons of the seven
a sorcerer-prince champions, known as the Epigoni,
a priest of Ptah later avenged the death of their fathers
father of Siosire when they attacked Thebes ten years
Setsubun Japanese later.
a festival, held on 3rd February, in Seven against Thebes Greek
which the individual’s fortune for a play by Aeschylus
the coming year is fixed Seven Ancient Elders Mesopotamian
Settaboth South American Babylonian sages
a Patagonian deity (see also Setebos) These sages, who took the form of
Settin-ki-jash North American birds or fish, were said to have written
a supreme deity of the Haida down the arts of magic and divination.
He owned the moon and the sun but Seven Brahma-rishis
they were taken from him by Ne-kilst- (see Seven Rishis)
luss who deceived him into handing Seven Caves, The (see Tulkan-Zuiva)
them over. Seven Chaban Central American
Setu-Bandha (see Adam’s Bridge) the seventh of the 20 days of the
Sevain (see Sanam) Mayan creation cycle
Seven against Thebes Greek On this day the earth itself was created.
7 champions who marched (see also Chaban)
against Thebes Seven Champions
Polyneices had been banished from seven national saints
Thebes by his twin Eteocles with These are listed as:
whom he should have shared the (1) St Andrew (Scotland), said to
throne and Tydeus had been banished have lived for seven years as a swan
from Calydon. King Adrastus of (2) St Anthony (Italy) who used
Argos married his daughter Aegia water from an enchanted fountain
to Polyneices and his other daughter, to perform miracles
Deiplya, to Tydeus, promising to (3) St David (Wales) who was a
restore both to their rightful king- prisoner in an enchanted garden
doms. He assembled a force led by the for seven years
Seven to attack Thebes first. Tydeus (4) St Denis (France) who lived for
tried to settle the matter by seven years as a deer
negotiation but failed and was (5) St George (England) who was a
ambushed on his way back by fifty prisoner of the king of Morocco
921
 Seven Flowers
(6) St James (Spain) who was struck
dumb for seven years when he fell
in love
(7) St Patrick (Ireland) who dug his
own grave with his hands when he
was locked in a cell
Seven Flowers (see Chicomexochtli)
Seven Gems Buddhist
symbols used in Chinese Buddhism
as amulets
These seven objects are given as the
image of Chu Ts’ang, the image of
Chu Ping Ch’en, the image of Yü Nü,
Ma the steed of the sun, Hsiang the
elephant, Chin Lun the Wheel of
Victory, and Ju’i Chu a pearl.
(see also Seven Treasures)
Seven Gods of Happiness
(see Ch’i-fu-shen)
Seven Gods of Luck
(see Shichi Fukojin)
Seven Hathors, The Egyptian
deities of fate
7 aspects of Hathor
These were seven maidens, attendants
of the souls of new-born babies. They
were later identified with the Pleiades.
(see also Mothers2)
Seven Judges (see Anunnaki2)
Seven Kings of Cornwall British
those rulers who joined forces with
King Arthur to defeat the Danes
at Velendrucher
Seven League Boots British
a pair of boots, made by Merlin, which
enabled the wearer to cover about
20 miles at each stride
Seven Macaw (see Vucub Caquix)
Seven Precious Stones Malay
jewels held by the Seven Sages
These jewels were used to predict the
future and one of them, the moon-
stone, was said to display portraits of
the king’s enemies.
Seven Rishis, The Hindu
[Manasa Putra.Manasaputra.Prajapati.
Seven Brahma Rishis.Seven Sages.
Seven Seers.Saptarshi]
wise men, created from the brain
of Brahma
They are listed as Atri, Bharadwaja,
Gotama, Jamad-agni, Kashyapa,
Vashishtha and Vishwamitra. Vishnu,
in his sixth avatar as Parasurama,
delivered the world into their hands
and they now appear in the sky as the
seven stars of the Plough constellation.
Another list gives Agastya, Angiras,
Atri, Bhrigu, Kashyapa, Vashishtha and
Vishvamitra while another lists
Angiras, Brighu, Daksha, Kashyapa,
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Seyon
Narada, Vashishtha and Vishvamitra. Guardians of the Treasury, Elephants,
Yet another list gives ten, omitting Gemmeous Maidens, Gold Wheel,
Vishvamitra and adding Atri, Kratu, Horses, Military Governors and Pearl.
Pulaha and Pulastya. (see also Seven Gems)
Some accounts list fourteen: Seven Wise Masters Persian
Angiras, Atri, Bharadwaja, Brighu, sages who instructed Prince Lucien
Daksha, Gorama, Jamad-agni, Kashyapa, When the prince, who had been
Kratu, Marichi, Pulaha, Pulastra, warned that he would die if he spoke
Vashishtha and Vishvamitra. within seven days of returning to
These personages are often referred court, was accused of rape by a female
to as the Prajapati. (see also rishi) at the court, the Wise Masters told
Seven Sages, The1 British contrary tales which postponed his
advisers to the Roman emperor execution day by day until he was able
One such group was killed by to speak and refute the charge.
Herowdes, on the advice of Merlin, to Seven Wise Ones Egyptian
cure the emperor’s blindness. deities created in the form of hawks
Seven Sages, The2 Greek by Mehet-Weret to help to create
7 wise men of ancient Greece the world
They are given as Bias, Chilon, Sevenfold Buddha Buddhist
Cleobulus, Periander (or Epimenides), a group of 7 Buddhas
Pittacus, Solon and Thales. This group comprises Lokesvara and
Seven Sages, The3 Malay Vajrapani plus the five Dhyanibuddhas
seers at the court of the king (Akshobhya, Amitabha, Amoghasiddhi,
Seven Sages, The4 Ratnasambhara and Vairocana).
(see Apkallu.Seven Rishis) Seventh Heaven Hebrew
Seven Seers, The (see Seven Rishis) the highest, hence the happiest, of the
Seven-serpent (see Chicomecohuatl) 7 heavens postulated in the secret
Seven Sisters1 Australian lore of the rabbis
[Kungarankalpa] Severa (see Sevira)
ancestral heroines of the Aborigines Severin (see Sevinus)
To escape the attentions of Nyiru, the Sevinus European
sisters left their home and travelled [Severin]
south until they reached the coast. duke of Bordeaux
Here they entered the sea and then brother of Eudes
ascended into the sky as the Pleiades. husband of Alice
Seven Sisters2 (see Pleiades) father of Girard and Huon
Seven Sleepers, The He was killed in battle, and his servant,
[The Seven Sleepers of Ephesus] Sherasmin, was taken prisoner, by
7 Christians who were persecuted the Saracens.
They were said to have been holed up Sevira British
in a cave on Mount Celion for 200 [Severa]
years until 497. They fell asleep, daughter of Macsen and Elen
awaiting the Resurrection. Their names first wife of Vortigern
are given as Constantius, Dionysius, mother of Vortimer
Joannes, Malchus, Martinianus, Sewingshields British
Maximianus and Serapion. a site in Northumberland where King
Seven Snakes (see Chicomecohuatl) Arthur and his knights are said to
Seven Stars Mother Chinese be sleeping
a goddess of the constellation In this case, a horn had to be blown
Ursa Major and a garter severed with a sword to
Seven Stars of the North Korean waken the sleeping warriors.
the Korean version of the Other sites suggested are Alderley
constellation Ursa Major Edge, Cadbury, Craig-y-Dinas, Mount
It is said that these stars are seven Etna, Ogof Lanciau Eryri, Ogo’r
brothers who were exceptionally good Dinas and Richmond Castle.
to their widowed mother and were set Sextus Tarquinius
in the heavens as a reward. (see Tarquinius Sextus)
Seven Treasures of Buddhism seymorg (see senmerv)
[=Hindu Sapta Ratna] Chinese Seyon Hindu
revered objects of a universal sovereign [Ceyon.Muruga(n).Murukan:
These objects are listed as Divine =Hindu Skanda]
922
 Sezarbil Shahapet

a Tamil creator-god are regarded as the progenitors of all consorts who had had relations with
son of Korrawi living things. Agni, and twelve arms.
This deity is regarded as a hunter and In some accounts, this is the Shaddad Arab
is depicted riding an elephant. He Tibetan name for the goddess Tara or [Shadadi]
holds a spear and a garland of flowers. the Buddha’s mother, Maya. husband of Zabiba
Sezarbil sGun-gi-rgyal-po Buddhist father of Antara
a demon [Sung-gi-gval-po] He conquered the Sudan and married
Sezmu Egyptian one of the Panchamaharajas Zabiba after freeing her from captivity.
[Ses(e)mu.Sezumu] king of speech He robbed his subjects and used his
a god of wine and unguents He is depicted riding a blue mule. ill-gotten wealth to build the fabulous
Sezumu (see Sezmu) Sha Ho-shang Chinese city of Iram.
Sforza European a priest Shaddanta Buddhist
brother of Achilles of Lombardy He was originally a minister at the a royal elephant
and Palamedes court of the Jade Emperor but was sent This beast had six tusks and a white
He was a soldier in the army of to earth in the form of a man-eating body with a red head and feet.
Godfrey at the siege of Jerusalem. monster when he broke a crystal bowl. A jealous queen persuaded a
Sga’na North American When Kuan Yin lifted the punishment minister to kill the elephant and bring
[Masset San] placed on him, he mended his ways her a pair of its tusks. The hunter’s
a sea-god of the Haida Indians and was one of those who accompanied saw would not penetrate the tusks so
He is envisaged as a killer whale. Tripitaka on his journey to India to Shaddanta pulled them out himself.
Sgathach Irish learn the Buddhist doctrines. The queen, overcome with grief
[Scathach] He is depicted wearing a necklace when she was given the tusks, died
daughter of Eannna of skulls. that day.
Her parents proposed to give her to Sha-lana North American Shaddanta-Jataka Buddhist
Finn mac Cool for one year but, using a sky-god of the Haida Indians the story of the elephant Shaddanta
a magic harp, she transported Finn and He was the ruler of a kingdom in the Shadday (see Shaddai)
his men far away from the house while sky above the primordial waters. He shade
they were asleep. threw his servant, Raven, out of the [shadow]
sGeg-mo-ma Buddhist sky and the bird created the world a disembodied soul: a spirit:
the Tibetan version of Lasya and mankind. a ghost
Sgeimh Solais Irish Sha Shen Chinese shaden Japanese
[Light of Beauty] son of Tou-shen shrine(s) or shrine hall(s)
daughter of Cairbre brother of Chen Shen, Ma Shen shadow (see shade)
She married the son of a Desi chieftain, and P’an Shen Shadowland North American
precipitating a conflict between her He helps those who suffer from the Algonquian land of the dead
father, the high-king, and the Fianna. scarlet fever. Shadrapi Mesopotamian
Sgeolan (see Sceolan) Shabaqo Stone Egyptian a Phoenician god of healing
Sgilti Welsh a tablet engraved with the story of Shafan (see Xaphan)
[Lightfoot:=Irish Cailte] creation as told by Ptah Shaggy Beast French
a warrior at King Arthur’s court shabah Muslim a monster with a green body and
He could run on the tops of trees and earth-bound spirits the head of a snake
on the tips of reeds without so much as Shabbathai (see Solday) This monster breathed fire which
bending them and was one of the party Shabiri destroyed the crops and could shoot
which accompanied Culhwch in his a demon said to cause blindness in darts from the fur on its body which
quest for the hand of Olwen. those who drink the water he lives in were fatal to humans. When it seized a
sGra-c’an-dsin Buddhist shabti Egyptian young maiden, her lover cut off its tail
[Da-chen-dsin] [shawabti.ushabti.ushebti(u)] and it died.
the Tibetan version of Rahula a funerary figure in the form of a Shah Name Persian
sGrol-’bum Buddhist mummy which was said to do [Book of Kings.Shah Nameh.
the Tibetan name for Virudhaka as menial work for the deceased in Shahnama(h)]
king of the Khumbandas the after life a 10th C book (120,000 lines)
sGrol-dkar Buddhist Shacabac (see Schacabac) This work, written by Firdausi, is a
the Tibetan name for White Tara Shachar Canaanite mythological history which includes
sGrol-Ilang Buddhist a goddess of the dawn the exploits of the heroes Alexander
the Tibetan name for Green Tara Shachipati Hindu the Great, Gayomart, Hoshang,
(see also Syamatara) a name for Indra as ‘mighty lord’ Rustem and Tahmurath and the kings
sGrol-ma Buddhist Shadadi (see Shadad) of the Kayanian dynasty.
[Dolma] Shadanana-Subrahmanya Hindu Shah Nameh (see Shah Name)
a Tibetan earth-goddess a form of Karttikeya Shahan (see Sherah)
consort of sPyan-ras-gzigs In this form, the god had six heads so Shahapet Armenian
This rock giantess and sPyan-ras-gzigs that he could be suckled by the six [Shvaz.Shvod]
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 Shahar shaman

a spirit, ruler of the land Shakra1 Buddhist son of Suddhodana and Maya
He can appear either as a man or as [Sakra:=Hindu Indra] husband of Yashodara
a serpent. a god of the calendar father of Rahula
Shahar (see Sahar) He helped the Buddha to In this form, he is revered in Zen
Shahrevar (see Kshathra Varya) perform miracles. Buddhism and is regarded as one of
Shahrijah Persian When intervention in human the seven manushibuddhas.
[Shahryar] affairs is required, his throne becomes He is said to have given parts of his
a sultan in The Arabian Nights very hot. body to save threatened animals and
He had killed each of his many Shakra2 Hindu birds and to have given one of his eyes
wives on their wedding night but the third eye of Shiva, in the centre of to a blind man. Some say that, in
Scheherazade managed to avoid this his forehead various incarnations, he appeared four
fate by telling him a story each night. Shakra3 Hindu times as a horse, six as an elephant and
Shahryar (see Sharijah) a name for Indra as ‘powerful’ ten as a deer.
Shai Egyptian Shakra4 Hindu He is depicted sitting on a lotus
a god of fate the owl, a bird sacred to Indra with his right hand raised, though
husband of Meshkenit shakta Hindu sometimes he is seen holding the
He was depicted as a man, a goat or one who worships a skakti shuttle of a loom. When regarded as
a snake. Shaktar Hindu female, ‘he’ is the fertility goddess,
Shaibya Hindu the king Kalmashapada in the form of depicted holding a grain of rice and a
a devoted wife a man-eating demon pot. Some images include Ananda and
Her husband, being a sinner, went (see Kalmashapada) Kashyapa on his right and left
through many incarnations as a bird shakti1 Hindu respectively. (see also Shenrab Miwo)
or an animal before he was born again [=East Indies kesakten] Shakyasinha Buddhist
as a man. Shaibya, who lived through the female aspect of a deity [Sakyasinha]
all these generations, recognised him Shakti2 Hindu a name for the Buddha as ‘lion’
and they were made man and wife [Sakti.Sekti:=Cambodian Bentei Srei] Shala Canaanite
again. the female aspect of Shiva: a name for a storm-goddess
Shait Egyptian Devi or Sati as consort of Shiva Shalakapurusha Jain
a goddess of destiny Shakti3 Hindu a spiritual leader
shaitan Arab [Sakti.Sekti] It is said that sixty-three such leaders
[abilii.sha(y)tan.she(i)tan.sheytan: a name for Durga, Kali, Parvati or Uma appear during each of the earthly
plur=shayatin:=Hebrew Satan] Shaktiman Hindu periods. They will include nine groups
an evil spirit; a devil: one of the forms an epithet for Shiva as ‘he who of three, each comprised of a Baladeva,
of the jinn has power’ a Pratisvasudeva and a Vasudeva.
These beings sometimes appear as Shakuntala Hindu Shalako North American
snakes which can enter a mortal’s body. [Sakuntala] [=Zuni Niman]
Shaka Japanese a moon-goddess a Zuni festival
[Shaka Muni.Shaka-Nyorai] daughter of Vishvamitra and Menaka This festival, which lasts for nine days
the Japanese version of Shakyamuni wife of King Dushyanta in July, celebrates the return of the
Shaka Muni (see Shakyamuni) mother of the Bharatas spirits to their underground home in
Shaka-nyorai (see Shaka) She was abandoned by her parents and Shipap where they will remain until
Shakan (see Shakkan) was reared by the hermit Kanwa. winter returns.
Shakanli North American She and her husband separated but, Shalem (see Salem)
a serpent-like monster of when their son, Bharata, was born, she Shalim Canaanite
the Choctaws set out to find his father. The ring by a goddess of dusk
Shakara Japanese which she would be recognised was Shalott British
a guardian deity lost when she was bathing but was another name for Astolat, home of Elaine
one of the 28 Nijuhachi-Bushu recovered from the belly of a fish and Shalya Hindu
Shakini Hindu she was then reunited with the king. a king
a demoness attendant on Durga Shakuru North American He fought on the side of the Kauravas
Shakespeare, William English [Atius] against the Pandavas and was killed
(1564-1616) a sun-god of the Pawnee tribe in battle.
a poet and playwright Shakya Buddhist Shalyat Canaanite
He wrote The Rape of Lucrece, Venus a name for the historical Buddha a seven-headed monster
and Adonis, etc. Shakyamuni Buddhist This beast, in some accounts the same
Shakkan Mesopotamian [Amoghasiddhi.Sakyamuni.Shaka (Muni): as Lotan, was killed by Anat.
[Shakan] =Chinese Shih-chia(-mu-ni):=Japanese (see also Lotan)
an Akkadian god of animals Shaka(-nyorai):=Korean Sokka] shaman Asian
In some accounts, he was said to have a name of Buddha as ‘the silent sage’, [chaman:female=shamanka]
married his sister, Tiamat. one of the 5 Dhyanibodhisattvas, in a sacred person: a magician-priest or
Shakpono (see Obaluwaye) some accounts witch-doctor
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 Shamanism Shankpanna

Shamanism Asian Shamkara (see Shankara) a brass palace and owned a huge
a religion largely based on magic, Shams (see Sams) herd of horses. He was said to
sorcery and spirit-worship Shamshiel Hebrew breathe flames.
shamanka Asian a prince of paradise He hanged himself to escape his
[shemanka:male=shaman] Shamshu (see Shams) enemies and was deified. In some
a female witch-doctor Shamur (see .Mount Samur) stories he climbed a golden chain to get
Shamas (see Samas) Shan Hai Ching Chinese to heaven and became a thunder-god.
Shamash (see Samas) [Book of Mountains and Seas] He is depicted with the head of
Shamba1 African a book of mythology a ram. (see also Yansan)
a cultural hero of the Bushongo shan-hui Chinese Shango2 West Indian
He travelled widely and learned many a human-faced dog a Haitian voodoo spirit derived from a
skills which he passed on to his people. Shan Kuei Chinese Yoruba god of the same name
Shamba2 Hindu a mountain-god Shani Hindu
[Samba:=Tamil Sama] Shan-ts’ai Tung-tzu Chinese [Manda.Sani]
an incarnation of Vishnu a male attendant on Kuan Yin a god of ill-fortune
son of Krishna and Rukmini Shanama (see Shah Name) son of Surya and Chhaya or of
brother of Kama Shanamah (see Shah Name) Balarama and Revati
consort of Indukari Shanewis North American brother of Savarni
Brahmins whom he had mocked laid a an Iroquois woman He is regarded as the planet Saturn
curse on Shamba saying that he would wife of Nekumonta personified.
give birth to an iron club which would She was saved from dying of the In one account, it was his fierce gaze
be the cause of his father’s death. plague by the water brought by that burned the head off the infant
When this weapon eventually Nekumonta who had been told in a Ganesha which Parvati (or Vishnu)
appeared, Shamba smashed it and dream where to find the underground replaced with the head of an elephant.
threw the pieces into the sea. His waters which, when released, formed a He is depicted as black-skinned and
father died from a wound inflicted by healing spring. riding a vulture or a raven.
an iron arrowhead and it turned out Shang Ch’ing Shanka-Sura Hindu
that this had been made from one of (see Higher Azure Palace) in some accounts, a demon killed
the pieces of the broken club Shang-lha Tibetan by Krishna
recovered from the belly of a fish. a local god of good fortune Shankapala (see Shankha3)
Shamba was captured by Shang-t’ai (see Ssu Ming) Shankara Hindu
Duryodhana in the war with the Shang-te (see Shang Ti) [Sankara.Shamkara]
Pandavas and was kept in prison until Shang Ti Chinese a manifestation of Bhairava: a name
Balarama secured his release when he [Celestial Emperor.Lord of Heaven.Lord for Shiva as ‘the auspicious one’,
demolished the walls of the city by on High.Shang-te.Yü Huang] ‘peace’ or ‘healer’
ploughing beneath them. a creator-god and sky-god Shankari Hindu
Another story says that, for some He is regarded as a celestial emperor [Sankari]
slight to the sage Durvasas, he was with his own court and ministers like a mother-goddess
cursed with leprosy but was cured by the earthly institutions. one of the saptamataras
Surya to whom Shamba built a temple. He allocated the planet Jupiter to Shankha1 Buddhist
Shambhala Tibetan Chuang-tzu after it was vacated by the just king who will rule the earth at
a land in the north, home of Mao Meng. the time of the coming of Maitreya
spiritual wisdom In some accounts, he is equated shankha2 Hindu
Shambhara Hindu with Yü Huang. [sankha]
[Dasyu.Sambara] (see also Sheng Ti.Ti.T’ien) the horn of victory
a demon of drought, one of the Asuras Shang-ti Yeh Chinese This was a conch-shell, one of the
This demon carried off Krishna’s son, [= Taiwanese Pak Tai] attributes of Vishnu, which was the
Pradyumna, and threw him into the a Taoist war-god twelfth object to be created at the
sea where he was swallowed by a fish. shang-yang Chinese Churning of the Ocean.
This fish was caught and given to a one-legged bird which was said Shankha3 Hindu
Shambhara’s queen, Mahadar, who cut to cause rain [S(h)anka(pala)]
it open and released the boy. Shango1 African a snake-god
Shambhu (see Rudra) [Sango:=Cuban Santa Barbara: on of the mahanagas
Shamhat Mesopotamian =Egyptian Amon-Ra] shankhapadua Buddhist
[Ukhat] a thunder-god, war-god and god of a trumpet made from a thigh-bone,
the prostitute who tamed the wild justice of the Yoruba used in ceremonial rites
man, Enkidu (see also Samkhat) son of Aganju and Yemoja Shankpana African
shamil Hebrew son of Ogun, some say [Sankpana.Shankpanna]
a worm said to be able to split rocks consort of Oba, Oshun and Oya son of Shango
The whereabouts of this creature was father of Shankpana a plague-god of the Yoruba
known to the demon Asmodeus. He was a king of Oyo who lived in Shankpanna (see Shankpana)
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 Shanta Sharvan

Shanta Hindu Sharabangha Hindu Sharfenebbe European

daughter of Dasha-ratha a hermit a female crow
wife of Risha-Shringa When his great desire to meet a god mate of Merkinau
She was adopted by the king, was granted as a reward for his pious She was killed by Reynard the Fox.
Lomopada, and married Risha Shringa, life, he burnt himself to death and Shargaz (see Sarur)
a youth born of a doe. went to heaven. Sharin (see Sharatz)
Shantanu Hindu sharada Hindu Shariputra Buddhist
[Santanu] the lute, symbol of Sarasvati [Sariputra.Upatissa:=Pali Saripitta]
a king Sharama1 Hindu an early disciple of the Buddha
half-brother of Vyasa [Sarama] He turned himself into a garuda to
husband of Ganga and Satyavati a divine bitch defeat the heretic Agnidatta who had
father of Bhishma by Ganga When some Panis stole some of assumed the form of a serpent with
father of Vichitravirya Indra’s cattle, he created this animal to many heads.
His first wife, Ganga, bore him eight retrieve them. Instead, the dog was sharira Buddhist
sons and then reverted to her normal given some milk by the Panis and a substance found in the cremation
form as the river Ganges. reported that she could not find the ashes of saints
He said he would marry the young cattle so Indra had to retrieve them This material, in the form of pellets,
Satyavati on condition that any son of himself, killing the Panis in the is said to be indestructible.
the union should inherit the throne process. Sharis Mesopotamian
instead of Bhishma, one of his sons by Sharama2 Hindu [=Akkadian Ishtar]
Ganga. Bhishma renounced his claim [Sarama] a Urartian goddess
to the throne and the marriage went a dawn-goddess Sharmas (see Sarruma)
ahead, producing two sons, both of mother of Sharamaya Sharo (see Sharatz)
whom died childless. In some accounts an attendant on Sharpbeak European
Shanti Hindu Indra but in others referred to as a female rook in Reynard the Fox
a goddess of peace a dog. consort of Corbant
Shanti-Niketa Hindu Sharamaya Hindu She was killed and eaten by Reynard.
the heaven of Shanti, goddess of peace a god of the air Sharpfe German
shao hui t’un fu Chinese offspring of Sharama son of Etzel
[swallow-ashes charm] In some accounts the Sharamayas are brother of Orte
incantations to ward off demons two dogs guarding the underworld. He and his brother, together with
These incantations, written on paper, sharanga (see peacock3) Dietrich’s youngest brother, Diether,
are burned and ground to ashes which Sharanyu Hindu accompanied Dietrich von Bern on
are then swallowed. [Sanjna.Saranyu.Savarna] one of his forays against Ermenrich.
Shapash (see Sapas) a primaeval goddess and sun- Left in charge of Elsan, they were
shape goddess allowed to go riding and all three were
a spirit or apparition daughter of Tvashtri killed by the traitor, Wittich.
shape-changer mother by Vivasvat of the Aswins, Sharrumas (see Sarruma)
a being made from fire and air, Yama and Yami Sharuk (see Ninurta.Sarur)
capable of assuming any form, mother by Indra of the minor gods, Sharuma (see Sarruma)
including that of a human, and of the Ribhus Sharur (see Sarur)
mating with mortals The Vedic version of Sanjna. Sharvan Irish
Shar Mesopotamian Sharatz Serbian [Lochlannach.Searbhan.Sharvan
[(Ilu) Sar:=Babylonian Ansar] [Sharin.Sharo] the Surly]
an early Syrian god of the dawn the horse of Marko a one-eyed giant
the god Ansar as the Pole Star This piebald animal was given to A magic quicken berry, dropped by
Shar Apsi Mesopotamian Marko by a veela or, in some stories, one of the Danaans, grew into a tree
a name for Ea as ‘ruler of the reared by Marko who bought him as in the Forest of Dooros and produced
deep waters’ a foal afflicted with leprosy. Other many berries which could restore
Shara Armenian versions say that it came as a reward youth to the aged. The Danaans
a storm-demon for three years faithful service to his decided to send Sharvan to guard the
son of Armais master. Marko always tested a horse by tree to ensure that no mortals ate any
Sharabda Mesopotamian swinging it round by its tail but of the fruit.
a Babylonian deity, Sharatz, though a young foal, could When Grania developed a hunger
slander personified not be budged. for quicken berries, Dermot asked
Sharabha Hindu The horse, which was said to Sharvan for permission to take some
a huge monster breathe blue flame, lived with Marko for her. When the giant refused
a form of Shiva for 160 years. Dermot killed him with three
This beast is envisaged as having tusks Sharaw Mesopotamian blows of Sharvan’s own iron club,
and claws and a body over 100 miles a Sumerian god of Umma which was the only way he could be
long supported on eight legs. Sharazad (see Scheherazade) killed.
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 Shasha Shel

Shasha Hindu battle with the demon Ravana and, She Wang Chinese
a hare, said to live in the moon some say, killed Ravana. [Fang Cheng-hsüeh.The Snake King]
(see also Shashi) Shaumya Hindu a sage
Shashi Hindu a name for Shiva in his peaceful He was regarded as the deified form of
[Shashin] aspect the 14th C sage, Fang Cheng-hsüeh,
the moon Shaushga (see Shaushkas) who was said to have had a split
It is said that the hare lives on the Shaushkas Mesopotamian tongue. He was executed when he fell
moon or that the moon-goddess [Lalwani.Lelwani(s).Shaushga.Shaushkash: out with the emperor.
herself is a hare. (see also Shasha) =Akkadian Ishtar] Shebtaiel
Shashin (see Shashi) a Hurrian goddess of the underworld a deity in white magic
shasho Japanese consort of Teshub Shed Egyptian
monks worshipping at a Buddhist In early accounts, this deity was a guardian god
shrine regarded as male. an aspect of Atum
Shashthi Hindu Shaushkash (see Shaushkas) His role was to destroy snakes and
[Shas(h)ti.‘sixth’] shawabti (see shabti) crocodile eggs.
a guardian goddess of children Shawano North American He was envisaged as an ichneumon.
In some versions, she was a form of an Algonquian hero Shedad Muslim
Durga or Uma. He was one of quadruplets born to a [Sheddad]
She is said to ride on a cat. primordial being who died in a king of Ad who designed the
Shashti (see Shashthi) childbirth. He represented south; the garden of Irem
Shasti (see Shashthi) others were Kabibiokka (north), Sheddad (see Shedad)
Shatagat Canaanite Kabun (west) and Wabun (east). sheddim (see shedeem)
[Sha’taqat] Shax shedeem1 Hebrew
a goddess or witch created [Chax.Scox] [sheddim.s(c)hedim:sing=shedu]
by El a demon, a duke of hell a tribe of clawed demons led
This being, who could cause or cure one of the 72 Spirits of Solomon by Asmodaeus
illness, was sent to cure Keret. He is said to be able to strike people offspring of Adam and Lilith
Shatahrada Hindu dumb or blind and can find buried (see also mazikeen)
consort of Kala treasure. He appears in the form of a shedeem2 Mesopotamian
mother of Viradha bird, perhaps a stork. [s(c)hedim:sing=shedu]
shatan (see shaitan) Shay (see Say) storm-demons in the form of
Shatananda Hindu shayatin (see shaitan) winged bulls, guardians of
husband of Radha Shaya (see Chhaya) Babylonian palaces and
He found the child Karna who had shaytan1 African temples
been abandoned and reared him as [saytan:=Arab shaitan:=Hebrew Satan] shedim (see shedeem)
his own son. an Ethiopian evil spirit: demon: devil Shedu1 Mesopotamian
Sha’taqat (see Shatagat) shaytan2 Muslim a benevolent spirit, protector of
Shatarupa Hindu evil spirits the household
[Satarupa.Savitri] Made from fire, if one of these beings shedu2 (see shedeem)
a goddess is wounded, the fire flows out and the shee (see sidhe)
daughter of Brahma shaytan is burnt to death. Shee folk British
mother of Manu They can appear in almost any the English version of the Irish fairies,
mother of Priyavrata by Brahma form they choose – animals, a cloud of the aes sidhe
In one story, Brahma had incestuous smoke, terrible monsters, etc. When Sheela Na Gig Irish
designs on this daughter who was so they take human form, they are hard to [Sheila Na Cioch.Sheala-No-Gig.
beautiful that he grew four more heads detect but will teach the art of sorcery Sile na gCioch]
so that he could admire her from all if a person pledges his or her soul. a mother goddess
sides. Other stories say much the same Angels use meteorites to kill shaytans. This being was later downgraded to
about his consort Sarasvati. In some (see also shihab) the level of a demon.
accounts she is the female aspect of Shayth Arab Sheela-No-Gig (see Sheela Na Gig)
Brahma. the Arab name for Set Sheen Norse
In some versions, she is equated Shazi (see Shazu2) a name for the moon
with Sarasvati. Shazu1 Mesopotamian Sheeree African
(see also Sandhya.Sarasvati) a name of Marduk as ‘mind- a female demon of the Berbers
Shathra (see Kshathra Vairya) reader’ Sheik Ali (see Ali)
Shatrughna Hindu Shazu2 Persian Sheik Khaleel (see Khaleel)
son of Dasa-Ratha and Su Mitra [Shazi] Sheila Na Cioch (see Sheela Na Gig)
twin brother of Lakshmana a river-god sheitan (see shaitan)
half-brother of Bharata and Rama She (see Hou t’u) Shel North American
husband of Shrutakirti She-chi (see Hou t’u) a sun-god of the Klamath Indians
He fought alongside Rama in the She-tse (see Hou t’u) He came into being when Kumush
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 Shelan Nara Sherasmin

and his daughter danced with the Shen Lou (see Shou Shen) miracles such as moving large rocks
spirits of the underworld who were all Shen Mu (see Pi-hsia Yüan-chun) with a mere touch. When he left the
turned into dry bones when the light Shen Nung Chinese monastery, wild beasts became a
of the sun fell on them. Kumush [Divine Farmer.Ardent Emperor] nuisance so he came back to remove
collected the bones and, following in an early emperor, one of the the plague of beasts which all
the tracks of Shel, scattered the bones Three Sovereigns disappeared when he mounted a tiger
over the face of the land to produce a god of agriculture and medicine and rode away, never to be seen again.
the various tribes. son of An Teng and a dragon He is depicted with a staff and a hat
Shelan Nara Persian husband of Hsien Tsan slung over his shoulder.
a demon father of Chih Yü Shen Wan-san Chinese
Shelartish Mesopotamian He was the product of a miraculous a god of wealth, in some accounts
a Urartian mood-god birth and was nearly nine feet tall Shen Yo Chinese
Shell when born, with the head of a bull on a 6th C writer who was deified as a
a demon, one of those who populate a man’s body. god of Hu-chou
the 7 firmaments He taught mankind the art of Shen Yü (see Shu Yü)
Shelley, Percy Bysshe English agriculture and introduced the art of Shen Yung-pao
(1792-1822) medicine which he learned by studing (see White Crane Youth)
a poet nature and finding out secrets of Sheng Chinese
He wrote the four-act play Prometheus herbal remedies. He was said to have [Holy One]
Unbound. a transparent stomach that allowed a title given to many deities,
shellycoat Scottish observation of the effects of medicinal including Confucius
a water goblin plants, etc. He died when testing a Sheng-mu Chinese
shem Hebrew species of grass which cut open his a name for Pi-hsia Yüan-chun
a charm such as that used to activate intestines and was deified. as Holy Mother
a golem He runs the Ministry of Healing Sheng Ti Chinese
shemanka (see shamanka) with Fu-hsi and Huang Ti and is [Holy Emperor]
Shemesh (see Samas.Zemen) credited with the invention of the god of the sacred mountain T’ai Shan
Shemhaziel plough and the discovery of medicinal a Taoist god of destiny, lord of the
a fallen angel herbs, becoming the patron of underworld (see also Shang Ti)
shen1 Chinese chemists. He is regarded as a kitchen- Sheng-jen Chinese
[=Japanese shin] god in some accounts. Others equate deified mortals: saints
gods collectively: a guardian god or him with Yen Ti. Shenrab Miwo Tibetan
goddess: the spirit or the numinous He died at the age of 168 and was founder of a modified form of Bon
influence inherent in a particular deified. He was said to have come from the
object (see also hsien) Shen P’ao Chinese mythical land Zhang Thung, and was
Shen2 Chinese the name of the deified Lao-tzu, in later equated with Shakyamuni.
the constellation Orion, ruled some accounts sheogue Irish
by the White Tiger Shen Seng-chao Chinese a fairy
shen3 Egyptian a 5th C monk She’ol Hebrew
a symbol of eternal life or of eternity It was said that once a month, after his [=Greek Hades]
Shen-hsien Chinese normal duties, he took on the role of hell: the home of the dead
celestial spirits who return as mortals secretary to a celestial ministry and so (see also Belial)
and later resume their existence acquired supernatural powers. Shepherd God Greek
as immortals Shen Shu Chinese a name for Pan
Shen Hsien Chuan a door-god Shepherd of the Clouds (see Sitondo)
(see Biographies of the Gods) brother of Yü Lu shepherd’s crook Egyptian
Shen I (see I4) He and his brother lived on Mount Tu the symbol of Seker
Shen Kung-pao Chinese Shuo under a magical peach tree, the Shera Wali Matha Hindu
a magician branches of which formed the Door of a goddess
He pitted his skills against those of his the Spirits through which every soul Sherah Mesopotamian
former friend, Chiang Tzu-ya, hoping passed after death. They bound those [Shahan]
to win a list of ways of achieving with wicked spirits and fed them to a Sumerian deity, the generative power
immortality that the Old Man of the tigers. Their image is put in doorways of the sun’s rays personified
South Pole had given to the general. of houses to protect against evil spirits. Sherasmin European
Shen cut off his own head and caused Shen-tsan Chinese [Gerasmes.Gerasmin.Ger(i)aume.Solario]
it to float in the air, claiming to have [Lan Ts’an] a servant of Sevinus
won. The Old Man of the South Pole an 8th C kitchen worker in a brother of Guire
sent the Crane Youth to carry the monastery who became a minister He was taken prisoner by the Saracens
airborne head away but Chiang one of the Eighteen Lohan, when his master was killed in battle
persuaded him to return it and it was in some accounts but escaped after three years and lived
rejoined to Shen’s body. He was said to be able to work alone in the deserts of Palestine until
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 Shesha Shimben-Kidoku-Shu

the arrival of Huon to whom he Takara-Bune, and own a never-empty shihabu African
attached himself as guide on his purse, a hat that confers invisibility in the lore of the Swahili,
journey to find the Sultan Gaudisso. on the wearer and many other shooting stars
When Huon was imprisoned by magical devices. These are regarded as arrows fired by
Gaudisso, Sherasmin planned his Shichi-Fuku-Jin (see Shichi Fukojin) angels at demons attempting to gain
escape with the help of Clarimunda Shiduri (see Siduri) entry to heaven in order to read the
and, pretending to be Gaudisso’s Shidduri (see Siduri) future written in Luah.(see also shihab)
nephew, Solario, obtained some of the Shide Japanese Shihai West Indian
Sultan’s beard and four of his teeth, the Shield Beautiful British a wind-god
objects required by Huon, when the a shield won by Fergus Shiho-tsuchi (see Shiko-tsutsu)
Sultan was killed on the orders of the This shield was held in Castle Shiju-Gara Japanese
Caliph. Dunostre where it was guarded by a a great tit
Shesha (see Ananta) dragon and a giantess. Fergus was told This bird carried love letters from
Sheshanaga (see Ananta) by a dwarf that, to win the love of the owl, Fukuro, to Uso-Dori, the
Sheshu African Galiene, he must acquire the shield bullfinch.
a supreme god of some and, after disposing of the two Shikaiya Wasobioye Japanese
Nigerian tribes guardians, he was able to claim it. a scholar
shesmet girdle Egyptian Shield Maidens (see Valkyries) He was caught in a storm when sailing
an apron of beads suspended Shield of Heracles Greek his boat and, after some months,
from a belt a poem by Hesiod landed on an island where the
This adornment was worn by kings Shih Chinese inhabitants were immortal and life was
and deities and was personified by the a plant used in divination all pleasure. After twenty years he
goddess, Shesmetet. Shih Che (see Ten Scholars) became disenchanted with this life
Shesmetet Egyptian Shih-chi Niang Niang Chinese and left, journeying through many
a goddess, personification of the a Taoist goddess strange lands and finally was given a
shesmet girdle Shih-chia-mu-ni Chinese ride lasting five months on the back of
consort of Sheshmu the Chinese version of Shakyamuni a stork which put him down in a land
She was depicted as having the head of shih chieh-hsien Chinese of giants.
a lioness and was regarded as an aspect a Taoist immortal who has died, left Shikimi Japanese
of Bast. his body and lives on as a soul a sacred tree
Shesmu Egyptian Shih Ching Chinese Shiko-tsutsu Japanese
executioner of the underworld [Book of Odes.Book of Poetry] [Shiho-tsuchi]
consort of Shesmetet the third of the 9 major works god of salt-traders
He is depicted as having the head of a of the Confucian canon, an old man of the sea
lion or an ox. dealing with early beliefs and He made the basket in which Hoori
shetan (see shaitan) rites descended to the realm of the sea-god.
sheytan (see shaitan) one of the Five Classics Shikome Japanese
Shezbeth (see Xezbeth) Shih Fen Chinese storm-deities, demons that bring
Shhri-var (see Kshathra Varya) the original name of Lu Hsing about diseases
shi-ryo Japanese Shih Kan Tang Chinese shikon Japanese
a ghost of the dead inscribed tablets of stone or 4 spirits
Shi Tenno Japanese a spirit, said to ward off evil These are listed as ara-mitama. kushi-
[Four Diamond Kings.Shitenno] influences mitama. nigi-mitama and saki-mitama
the 4 guardians of the cardinal points, Shih-te Tzu Chinese Shila Buddhist
protecting the world from demons one of the Eighteen Lohan, [Sila(paramita).Shilaparamita]
These beings are said to be very tall, in some accounts one of the 12 Paramita goddesses,
500 years old and living on the slopes He was found as a child by Feng-kan good conduct personified
of Mount Meru. and raised by monks. Shilaparamita (see Shila)
They are listed as Bishamon (north), Shih T’ien-yen-wang1 Chinese shilup North American
Zocho (west), Jikoku (east) and the 10 departments of hell the individual’s soul, in the lore of
Komoku (south). Shih T’ien-yen-wang2 the Choctaws
(see also Four Diamond Kings) (see Shih Wang) Shilup Chito Osh North American
Shibbeta Hebrew Shih-tzu-pi-ch’iu Chinese the Choctaw name for the Great Spirit
a demoness [Son of the Lion] shilstone
Shichi Fukojin Japanese the Chinese name for Singhalaputra a shrine used in sun-worship
[Shichi-Fuku-Jin.Seven Gods of Luck] Shih Wang Chinese Shimbei Japanese
the 7 Shinto deities of good fortune [Shih T’ien-yen-wang] the heron, servant of the owl Fukuo
They are listed as Benten (the only a name for the gods of the Shimben-Kidoku-Shu Japanese
goddess), Bishamon, Daikoku, Ebisu, underworld as the Ten Yama a form of saké
Fukurokuju, Hotei and Jurojin. They Kings This magic drink was given to Raiko
travel together in their treasure-ship, Shih Wang Mu (see Hsi Wang Mu) by the gods to help him in his quest to
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 Shimegi Shippawn Ayawng

kill the Goblin King. When the goblin He was created by Chinun Way Shun, shintai Japanese
drank it, it put him to sleep and he was taking the form of a pumpkin. some physical object in which a deity
then killed by Raiko. When the world flood subsided, is inherent
Shimegi Mesopotamian Shingrawa refashioned the earth with Shinten Japanese
a Hurrian sun-god his hammer and then ascended into sacred Shinto scriptures
Shi’menawa (see Shiri-kume-na-nawa) the heavens. Shinto Japanese
Shimga (see Holi) Shining Brow (see Taliesin) [Kami-no-Michi.S(h)intu]
Shimmoten Japanese Shining Jewel (see Ratna Dumilah) literally ‘gods’ or ‘spirits’
a guardian god Shining Snake Mesopotamian a form of spirit-worship
one of the 28 Nijuhachi-Bushu one of the Eleven Mighty Helpers Shintu (see Shinto)
shin created by Tiamat Shinzaburo Japanese
[=Chinese shen] (see also Mushussu) a samurai
a collective name for Chinese and Shinje-chho-gyal Tibetan He fell in love with Tsuyu who died
Japanese gods and spirits: the a god of justice of grief when he was prevented from
supreme deity ruler of Nyalwa, the underworld seeing her again. She and her maid,
Shin Ne Mi Burmese He is depicted as a monkey-headed Youé, who had died of grief at the
a nat in the form of a nature-spirit monster holding scales into which loss of her mistress, returned to
niece of Min Magaye monstrous angels drop white or visit Shinzaburo at the Feast of the
shin-po Japanese black pebbles to represent good or evil Dead and came night after night,
sacred treasures kept in a shrine deeds performed by the one being leaving before dawn. To the besotted
Shina-to-be (see Shina-Tsu-Hiko) judged. Shinzaburo, Tsuyu was the lovely
Shina-Tsu-Hiko Japanese He is regarded as a reincarnation of maiden he had fallen in love with but
[Shina-to-be] sPyan-ras-gzigs. his servant, Tomozo, who spied on
a Shinto wind-god shinji Japanese them, could see that she was a dead
son of Izanagi and Izanami sacred ground used for religious woman. Shinzaburo was advised by
consort of Shina-Tsu-Hime ceremonies (see also saniwa) the wise Yusai that he was consorting
He was said to have been born from shinkan (see shinshoku) with the dead and that this could
Izanagi’s breath. Shinmei (see Amaterasu) lead to his own death, so he went in
He and his wife are reputed to have Shinob North American search of the two women but found
caused the offshore winds that kept the [=Navaho Nayenezgani] only their tombs. The priest, Ryoseki,
country safe from the invading army of a supreme deity of the Paiute gave Shinzaburo various talismans to
Genghis Khan. people ward off the ghosts of the dead and,
Shina-Tsu-Hime Japanese twin brother of Tobats when they next came, Shinzaburo
consort of Shina-Tsu-Hiko Shinsaku Japanese locked the doors and they could not
Shinbetsu Japanese a fisherman get in. Youé bribed Tomozo to give
families which claim descent from Shinsaku fell in love with O Cho them access and the affair started up
deities other than Amaterasu San and they arranged to be married. again.
(see also Kobetsu) This caused so much trouble among Next morning, Tomozo found
Shinboku Japanese the other fishermen, all of whom were Shinzaburo dead, lying beide the
a Shinto sacred tree (see also Sakaki) in love with O Cho San, that they bones of Tsuyu.
Shinda Daikoku Japanese cancelled the wedding. Even this did Ship of Joy (see Nef de Joie)
Daikoku depicted as a boy sitting not quell the unrest and Cho drowned Shipap North American
down and holding a crystal herself, overcome with grief. Shinsaku [Shipapu(yna):=Zuni Shipapulima]
Shindwe-hla (see Hnit-ma-dawgyi) would have followed her example had the Pueblo land of the dead, the
Shiner Greek he not been prevented by her brother, underground kingdom of the
one of the horses drawing the Gisuke. Together, the two men built corn-goddess, Iyatiku
sky-chariot of Eos a shrine to her memory, a task in This place is regarded not only as the
Shingé Japanese which they were helped by the other place to which the dead go but also
a princess fishermen who were ashamed of their as the place from which the tribes
daughter of Zembei earlier conduct. emerged and whence babies come.
When she was bitten by (or fainted at shinsen Japanese Shipapu (see Shipap)
the sight of) a large snake, she was sacred food offered to the deities Shipapulima North American
rescued by Yoshisawa and fell in love shinsenden Japanese [=Pueblo Shipap]
with him. When her father decreed a sacred rice-field where food for the the Zuni land of the dead
that she could not marry a man of such deities is grown Shipapuyna (see Shipap)
low caste, she threw herself into the shinshoku Japanese Shipit Mesopotamian
well where she had first met her [shinkan] [Shipit Baal]
beloved. Shinto clergy: a priest a god of Byblos
Shingrawa Burmese (see also kannushi) Shipit Baal (see Shipit)
a nat regarded as a creator Shinta-lo-be Japanese Shippawn Ayawng Burmese
ancestor of Shippawn Ayawng a wind-goddess the ancestor of the Kachin
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 Shippeitaro Shiva1

people, descended from the
creator, Shingrawa
Shippeitaro Japanese
a dog
A cat-monster every year demanded a
maiden who was safely fastened in a
cage and then devoured her. This
happened until a knight took pity on
the villagers and put himself in the
cage with the dog, Shippeitaro. When
the cat appeared, the dog seized it
while the knight killed it with his
sword. The dog then killed all the cat’s
attendants.
Shipton (see Mother Shipton)
shiqq Muslim
a form of jinn
These beings were envisaged as half
a human, split vertically, and were
said to mate with proper humans to
produce nasnas.
Shiri-kume-na-nawa Japanese
[Shimenawa]
a rope
Tajikara-wo placed this rope across the
entrance to the cave where Amaterasu
had hidden herself to prevent her from
re-entering after she had been coaxed
from hiding.
Shiro Japanese
an attendant Buddhist god
The Shinto god, Daikoku, often
manifested himself as a rat. Shiro was
sent by the Buddhist gods to get rid of
the rat but the rat drove Shiro off with
a holly branch.
Shirt of Nessus Greek
the robe sent by Deianeira to
Hercules
This robe, impregnated with the
poisoned blood of the centaur Nessus,
killed Hercules when he put it on.
shishi Japanese
lionlike beasts guarding the entrance
to temples and shrines
Shishi-o (see Shishi-wo)
Shishi-wo Japanese
[King of Lions.Shishi-o]
a sword
This weapon was given to Yorimasa
as a reward for killing the sky-
monster which had been harassing the
emperor.
Shishupala Hindu
[Shisupala.Sis(h)upala]
the third and final manifestation of
the demon Ravana
son of Dama Ghosha and
Shrutadeva
He was originally manifest as
Hiranyakashipu and then as Ravana.
EABC8972-576D-4878-8C33-C9EBD9D6F5A9
In this form, the demon-king had
three eyes and only four, instead of
twenty, arms. Some say that he was
the son of Shiva by a mortal woman.
It was said that, should he ever sit
on the knee of the one who would
eventually kill him, his extra eye and
arms would disappaear and that is
just what happened when he climbed
up on to Shiva’s knee. His mother
made the god promise to give her
son a hundred lives but that, in the
end, was not enough because each
time Shishupala tried to kill Shiva
he failed and, when he tried once
more, Shiva called upon the sun-disc
which cut Shishupala in half from
head to foot.
Shisrte Buddhist
a king of Lanka
consort of Sri, the goddess of
disease
Shisupala (see Shishupala)
Shita-teru-hime Japanese
daughter of Susanowa
wife of Waka-Hiko
Shitala Hindu
[Mariammai.Shitalamata.Sitala(mata)]
a guardian goddess
an aspect of Devi
Shital is one of seven goddesses all of
whom are connected with various
diseases. She protected children from
smallpox. The others are Agwani,
Basanti, Lamkarya, Mahamai, Masani
and Polamde.
Her attendants are Ghantakavana
and Sedhu Lal. She is depicted as
naked and painted red, riding a
donkey, or as a four-armed goddess,
sometimes living in a tree.
Shitalamata (see Shitala)
Shitenno (see Shi Tenno)
Shitkur Siberian
[Sholmo]
the Devil
It was this being who pushed his stick
into the earth, so creating all the
harmful creatures such as the snake.
He turned himself into a mouse and
tried to gnaw through the timbers of
the ark, ordered by the god Burkhan to
save the people from the flood, but he
was frustrated when the god created
the cat.
shito dama Japanese
the astral spirit of a dead person
Shitta Burmese
the nat of the moon
one of the original nats, created by
Chinun Way Shun
Shiva1 Hindu
[Acyata.Adinatha.Aghora.Akula.Ananda.
Anant(es)a.Annamurti.Bathala.
Bhadra Vira.Bhagavan.Bhairava.
Bhatara Guru.Bhava.Bhavishya.Bhima.
Bhuta-Natha.Bhuteswara.Blue Throat.
Candesvara.Candrasekhara.Dakshina-
Murti.Dhurjati.Digambara.Divine Yogi.
Durvasas.Ganga-dhara.Garudi.Gopala.
Goraknath.Great Ascetic.Gupta.Hara.
Harihara.Isha(na).Is(h)a.Is(h)ana.
Is(h)vara.Janardana.Kala(ri).
Khandoba.Linga.
Lingodbhava.Lord of the Dance.Lord
of the Moon.Mahadeo.Mahadeva.
Mahakala.Mahapurusha.Maharaja.
Mahes(h)vara.Mangala.Mukhalinga.
Nataraja.Nates(h)a.Nilakantha.
Nritta-Murti.Pancanana.Panchamukti-
Maruti.Pas(h)upati.Patsupati.
Petara.Rishabha.Rudra.Sadyojata.
Shaktiman.Shambhu.Shamkara.
S(h)ankara.Sharabha.Shaumya.
Sikhandin.Siva.Somanatha.
Somaskanda.Srikantha.Sthanu.Sundara.
Supreme Lord.Syama.Tatpurusha.
Tri-lochana.Tripuratanka.Ugra.
Vamadeva.Vira-Bhadra.Virabhadra.
Virupashksa.Vishapaharana.
Vishvanatha.Warayana:=Buddhist
Amitabha:=Cambodian Hara.Prah
Eysor:=East Indies Karaeng Lowe.
Is(h)wara.Mahaiswara.Mahatala.
Mahayogi.Petara:=Greek Cronos:
=Japanese Amida:=Pacific Bat(h)ala.
Siwa:=Philippines Mahacabatara:
=Thai Phra In Suen]
a creator-god, moon-god, god
of destruction, fertility and
medicine, strengthener of
men
the Hindu version of the Vedic Rudra
consort of Devi, Ganga, Sakti,
Sati and Uma
consort of Bhavani, some say
father of Ganesha
He was said to have been born from
Vishnu’s forehead and to have had
twenty-eight incarnations.
In another version, he appeared
when a cosmic lingam rose out of
the ocean and burst open to settle
an argument between Brahma
and Vishnu as to who had created the
universe.
He killed Kama when he interrupted
his meditations and to assert his
authority he cut off Brahma’s fifth
head which he was condemned to
carry for a long time before he was
purified in the Ganges.

931
 Shiva2 shokuin

His first wife, Sati, immolated Shiva Bhuteswara Hindu He is said to have created the stars
herself but was reborn as Parvati. a name of Shiva as ‘haunter when he blew bubbles into the sky.
When she (or Uma) covered his eyes, of cemeteries’ Shiwanokia1 North American
the world was put into darkness and Shiva Nataraja Hindu [Priest Woman.Shiwanska]
Shiva developed a third eye in his a name of Shiva as ‘Lord of the Dance’ a primaeval being in the lore of
forehead. This third eye can transmit Shiva Purana Hindu the Zuni
his inner radiance with such power a work comprising over 24,000 verses, consort of Shiwanni
that it can destroy demons. in the tradition of Shaivism She is said to have created Awitelin
In the story where Sati immolated Shiva-Sutra Hindu Tsta from her own saliva.
herself because Shiva was not invited a core text of Shaivism in Kashmir, Shiwanokia2 North American
to the feast of the gods, he became said to have been composed priestesses of the goddess Shiwanokia
Nataraja, Lord of the Dance, and by Vasugupta Shiwanska (see Shiwanokia)
performed a funeral dance in her Shivalingam (see lingam) Shka-Bavas Russian
honour. He then spent many days in Shivananasiddhyar Hindu [=Erza Shka-Pas]
meditation and restored Sati to life the sacred writings of Shaivism a sky-god and creator-god of the
as Uma. Shivaratri Hindu Moshka Mordvins
His wife Devi, as Kali, killed the a feast celebrating the marriage of Shka-Pas Russian
demon Raktavija and in the excitement Shiva and Parvati, held in the period [Tshi-Paz:=Moshka Shka-Bavas]
of her victory she killed Shiva and February-March a sky-god and creator-god of the
danced on his body Shivavakya (see Civavakkiyar) Erza Mordvins
He is said to hold in his throat the Shivaya Voda Slav Sho Japanese
poison visha that arose during the water which can restore life [Kongoho.Sho Kwannon]
Churning of the Ocean to prevent This water, like the Mertvaya Voda, is a name of Kwannon as ‘wise one’
mankind from being killed by it and, in carried by the wind, hail and thunder Sho Kwannon (see Sho)
some cases, he is depicted with a blue and by birds. Sho Ten (see Shoten)
throat indicating this event. Shiverer (see Phaon2) Shoden (see Shoten)
When the sage Bhagiratha Shivi Hindu Shoden Sama (see Shoten)
persuaded Vishnu to divert the waters a devout king Shodo Shonin Japanese
of the Ganges from heaven to earth, Agni or, some say, Dharma, took the a priest
which was barren from lack of water, form of a dove and asked Shivi for He was the founder of a Buddhist
Shiva allowed the torrent to pass shelter from a pursuing hawk – actually temple who once found that the road
through his hair, dividing it into seven Indra. Rather than betray the dove he was travelling along was cut off by a
separate streams, so that the force of when the raptor demanded his natural raging flood. He was able to cross
the water streaming from heaven prey, the king cut off his own leg and safely when a deity appeared on the far
would not destroy the world. offered it to the the hawk. At that bank and threw across two snakes
At the end of each cycle he destroys point, both gods returned to their which formed a bridge over which
the universe by opening his third eye proper form and restored Shivi’s leg. he walked.
and dancing the Tandava dance. Shivven (see Essaunien) shojo Japanese
He is depicted as having two, four shiwan Japanese a monster, half man, half ape,
or ten arms, four faces and three eyes an insect cucumber-pest the spirit of saké
and sometimes wears a tiger skin and a This insect is the ghost of a These benevolent monsters have pink
snake round his neck and holds a physician who became entangled in a skin covered with red hair and are
flaming ball. Alternatively, he is cucumber-vine and was killed by a said to be very partial to saké which
represented in the form of Hari-Hara pursuing enemy. makes them immortal.
as a combined figure with Shiva on the Shiwana (see Shiwanna) (see also shokuin)
right and Vishnu on the left. They Shiwanna North American Shoki Japanese
combined thus to defeat the demon [Cloud People.Shiwana] [Shoki-san:=Chinese Chung K’uei]
Guka since neither could defeat him rain-bringing spirits of the Pueblo tribes a gigantic demon-killer
single-handed. In another combination These spirits, associated with the dead, He has a red face, wears a black cap
Shiva appears on the right, his female live in many different places, such as and carries a sword. He kills demons
consort on the left, as Ardhanari, half mountains and holes under springs, by crushing them underfoot.
man, half woman. and are represented as Kachina acting Shoki-san (see Shoki)
His weapons are the bow Ajagava, as rain-makers. They are said to travel shokonsha Japanese
fire and lightning and his animal is on rainbows. a shrine dedicated to the spirits of
the white bull, Nandi. Shiwannee (see Shiwanni) heroes such as the war-dead
(see also Kala Shiva. Shiwanni North American shokuin Japanese
Lingodbhava.Pancabrahma) [Priest Man.Shiwannee] a huge dragon
Shiva2 Buddhist a rain-god, chief of the Shiwanna This beast was said to have had red
the Hindu god adopted into the a primaeval being in the lore of scales covering a body some 200 miles
Buddhist pantheon as Buddha’s the Zuni long. Despite having a human face, it
doorkeeper consort of Shiwanokia had horns, the tail of a horse, hooves at
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 Shokujo Shrutadeva

the back and claws at the front. Its Shosuko Baba Japanese department which determines a
sleep pattern caused day and night and a Buddhist female attendant person’s lifespan and is said to visit
its breathing caused the seasons. in hell earth once a year.
(see also shojo) She supervises the river where the He gave Chiang Tzu-ya a list of
Shokujo (see Tanabata) dead cross into hell, stealing their ways to achieve immortality when the
Shokuro Japanese clothes if they cannot pay the required general visited the Jade Palace.
a man who tried to capture a god fee. She makes dead children build He is depicted with a very tall
Knowing that the thunder-god, piles of rocks which she promptly forehead and sometimes riding a
Raiden, ate navels, he killed the knocks down. deer.
maiden Chiyo, cut out her navel and She is depicted as sixteen feet tall His sacred bird is the crane and
flew it on a kite to attract the god. with extremely pendulous breasts. his home is in Shou Hsing, the star
Raiden took Chiyo into the heavens Shoten1 Japanese of longevity.
and they both came down when they [(Daisho) Kwangiden.Daishoden. (see also P’eng Tsu.Shou Hsing)
saw the kite. Strangely, Chiyo forgave Kwangiten.Sho Ten.Shoden (sama): Showa Tibetan
her killer. =Hindu Ganesha] a deer-god
Sholmo (see Shitkur) a god of wisdom Showano North American
Shomde Afghan He is depicted either as a human with an Algonquian hero
[Usum.Wushum] the head of an elephant or as two such He was one of quadruplets born to
a Kafir creator-god figures embracing. The single-bodied a primordial being who died in
In some accounts he equates with Imra. version may have two, four or six arms childbirth. He represented south; the
Shoney (see Shony) and is yellowish-red in colour. others were Kabibonokka (north),
Shong Li-kuan (see Han Chung-li) shoten2 Japanese Kabun (west) and Wabun (east).
Shonin Buddhist priests in the service of the Shozu-ga-no-Baba
a title for a distinguished monk imperial household (see Shozuka Baba)
Shony Scottish Shotoku (see Shotuku) Shozuka Baba Japanese
[Shoney] Shotuku Japanese [Shozu-ga-no-Baba]
a sea-god of the Hebrides [Shotoku] an underworld goddess, guardian of
shoopiltee Scottish (572-671) crossroads (see also Sodzu Baba)
[Orkney tang(ie)] a prince who was regarded as an Shradda1 Hindu
the name for the kelpie in incarnation of the Buddha or [Sradda]
Shetland of Kwannon a goddess of faith
Shooting God (see Hashje Ohltohi) Shou (see Shu) wife of Dharma
Shooting Star1 North American Shou-ho Chinese mother of Kama, some say
a companion of Buckeye Bush a god of longevity shradda2 Hindu
and Fire Drill In some accounts he is the same a festival of the dead: food and
These three beings are said to have as Lao-tzu. flowers offered to the spirits
set fire to the first world, created by Shou Hsing Chinese of ancestors
Olelbis. the star of longevity, home Shri (see Sri)
shooting star2 (see meteor) of Shou Shen Shrikey British
Shopona African In some accounts, the god of longevity. a name for the bargaist,
a Yoruba small-pox god (see also Shou Shen) used in Lancashire
shoro Japanese Shou-hsing Lao Tou-tzu This name reflects the beast’s habit
[shoryo] (see Fu Lu Shou.Shou Shen) of shrieking.
souls: spirits of the dead Shou Lao Chinese Shrimad-Bhagavata
Shortshanks European [Shou Lou] (see Bhagavata-Purana)
a legendary hero of stories the original name of Shou Shen Shrimala Buddhist
from northern countries Shou Lou (see Shou Lao) [Srimala]
shoryo (see shoro) Shou Shan Chinese an Indian queen
shoryobune (see shoryobuni) [Hills of Longevity] a female bodhisattva
shoryobuni Japanese the Taoist paradise Shrivatsa Hindu
[shoryobune.‘soul ships’] Shou Shen Chinese a mark on the breast of Vishnu
the ships which transport the souls of [Ancient of the South Pole.Old Man of Shrouded Gods Italian
the dead back to the Otherworld at the South Pole.Nan-chi Hsien- a group of gods of higher rank
the end of the Festival of the Dead weng.Nan-chi Lao Jen.Shen Lou.Shou than the Senators of the
shosha Japanese Lao.Shou Lou.Shou-hsing Lao T’ao- Gods or the Penates of the
a shrine tzu.Star of Longevity.Canopus:=Japanese Thunderer
Shossy Russian Fukurokuju.Tobosaku] Shru (see Sri)
a blacksmih-god of the Abkhaz people a god of longevity Shrutadeva Hindu
Shosti Hindu one of the Fu Lu Shou sister of Vasudeva
a goddess of birth He was originally the mortal Shou Lao mother of Shishupala by
She is depicted as riding a cat. who became the head of the celestial Dama Ghosha
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 Shruti shu’nun

Shruti Hindu Shudharma1 Hindu Finally, the Asuras killed Kacha,

sacred scriptures [Sudharman] burned his body and mixed his ashes
shtabai Central American a hall in Indra’s heaven, Svarga with Shukra’s wine which he
Mayan demons Shudharma2 Hindu unwittingly drank. He then recited the
Shu1 Chinese mother of Gumakesi by Matali magic formula that restored Kacha
[Ju.] Shuhiji-ni Japanese to life inside his stomach from
Emperor of the Southern (some say [Lady Mud Earth] where he was delivered by a surgeon.
Northern) Seas an early Shinto goddess Shukra did not survive the operation
He is manifest in the lightning that sister of Uhiji-ni but Kacha was now able to revive his
pierced Chaos to form the universe. She and her brother personified the master. (see also Kavya)
(see also Hu2.Hun-tun) slime from which the earth was born. Shulamite Hebrew
Shu 2
Egyptian Shui Ching-tzu Chinese [Shulammite]
[Khons.Lord of Air.Lord of All.Shou.Su. a water-spirit a dove-goddess
=Greek Sos] father of Nü Kua, some say Shulammite (see Shulamite)
god of the air Shui Chun (see Shui-kuan) Shullat Mesopotamian
son of Atum (Ra) or Khepra Shui I (see Shui-kuan) [=Arab Hirmis:=Babylonian Samas:
husband and brother of Tefnut Shui Jung (see Ch’eng-huang) =Greek Hermes]
father of Geb and Nut Shui-kuan Chinese an Akkadian deity, herald of
He was created when Ra spat on [Agent of Water.Feng I.Shui Chun.Shui I. storms
the gound. Shui Jung.Shui Shen] Shulman (see Shulmus)
He separated the earth (Seb) and a water-deity Shulmanu (see Salman)
sky (Nut) by pushing them apart. one of the San-kuan Shulmus Siberian
In some accounts he became the He had the power to prevent [Shulman]
supreme ruler when Ra returned to the misfortunes and confessions made to a devil opposing Otshirvani
heavens and, when he himself became him by sinners were written down and Shulpae Mesopotamian
old, Geb seized the throne and took then placed under water. an Akkadian god of feasting
his mother as consort. He was envisaged in the form of a an aspect of Marduk
In some accounts he became a dual human riding a horse over the sea and Shumbha Hindu
god with Anhur while others identify followed by a fish. a demon
him with Ra Harakhta. Shui Shen (see Shui Kuan) brother of Nishumbha
(see also Heka3) Shukalletuda Mesopotamian He and his brother became so
Shu Ching Chinese a Sumerian gardener powerful, as the result of extreme
[Book of Documents.Book of History] His garden was so beautiful that asceticism lasting for over 6,000 years,
the second of the 9 major works of the Inanna came to see it. When he tried that the gods became afraid and sent
Confucian canon, dealing with to make love to her, a plague descended Durga to kill them.
moral duty on the country. Shun Chinese
one of the Five Classics Shukasaptati Hindu one of the Five Emperors
Shu-po-chia (see Gobaka) [=Persian Tuti Nameh] husband of Hsien Fu-jen
Shu Yü Chinese a book of stories, 70 in all, told by a He married the two daughters of the
[Shen Yü.Yü Lei] parrot emperor Yao and succeeded to his
2 brothers who had power Shuki Hindu throne. When ten suns appeared in the
over demons daughter of Surabhi sky all at once, Shun sent for the
They could scare off demons by mother of parrots archer, I, who shot down nine of them.
using amulets hung on peach trees. shukpa (see Abominable Snowman) In some accounts, he is said to
Any demons they caught they fed to Shukra1 Hindu have had two pupils in each eye; in
tigers. [‘bright’.Sukra] others he is equated with Chuan
Shualu (see Aralu) a sky-god, Venus personified Hsü.
Shuang Yü (see Pisces) In some accounts, this god is regarded Shun-feng Erh (see Kao Chio)
Shubin Japanese as female and is sometimes depicted Shun-yang Tzu (see Lü Tung-pin)
a priest riding a cat. Shunem (see El)
He imprisoned in a water-jar a Shukra2 Hindu Shunk-Manitou (see Coyote)
dragon which brought rain and so [‘bright’.Sukra.Ushanas] shu’nun North American
caused a drought which was ended by chief priest of the Asuras the soul, in the lore of the
the intervention of the dragon-king, son of Brighu Tubatulabal tribe
Zennyo. father of Devayani These people say that the soul resides
Shuddhodana (see Shuddhodhana) Kacha came to him as a pupil to learn in the heart and can leave the body
Shuddhodhana Hindu the secret of restoring the dead to life through the ears during sleep.
[Shuddhodana.Suddhodama.Suddodhana] and when, on several occasions, he was If it should be caught by a shaman, the
a king of the Sakya tribe killed by demons, Shukra brought him owner of the soul goes mad. At death,
the deified father of the Buddha back to life at the request of his the soul leaves the body and becomes a
consort of Mayadevi daughter, Devayani who loved Kacha. ghost known as an abawinal.
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 Shuqamuna Sibich

Shuqamuna Mesopotamian Shvod Armenian by telling stories which convinced the

a Babylonian war-god a name for Shahapet as a guardian- king that he had been to heaven and
shura Japanese spirit of the household returned to life, Si Luncai was allowed
an angry spirit of a dead Shwe Myet-hna (see Hnit-ma-dawgyi) to marry the king’s daughter.
warrior Shwe Na Be Burmese Si Lunchai (see Si Luncai)
These beings live in the sky and the wife of Min Magaye Si Raya Malay
noise of their battles is heard on earth Shwe Pyin-gyi in Java, Malaya, etc., the spirit
as thunder. (see Shwe Pyin Nyi Naung) which controls the seas from low-
Shurala Russian Shwe Pyin-nge water mark to the middle of the
a Tartar spirit of the forest (see Shwe Pyin Nyi Naung) ocean
Shurdi Balkan Shwe Pyin Nyi Naung Burmese Sia1 Egyptian
an Albanian storm-god [Shwe Pyin-gyi.Shwe Pyin-nge] a god of perception
Shurem Russian 2 nats in the form of nature spirits He was one of the deities formed from
a Cheremis festival, driving Two children cast adrift on a river the drops of blood that fell from Ra’s
away the Devil, held were rescued by a monk who named penis when he mutilated himself and
in May them Byat Ta and Byat Twe. The he travels with Ra in his boat.
Shurpa-Naka (see Shurpanakha) former had two sons who were put in a Si’a2 Phoenician
Shurpanakha Hindu jar and sent down the river where a minor goddess
[Shurpa-Naka.Shurpanaka.Surpanak(h)a] they were rescued by a king who siabhra Irish
a rakshashi named them Shwe Pyin-gyi and Shwe sprites and elves collectively
sister of Ravana Pyin-nge. When the courtiers became Sialul
She was in love with Rama who rejected jealous, they castrated the pair who a demon associated with property
her so, in revenge, she attacked Sita, became known as Shwe Pyin Nyi Siambuka East Indian
Rama’s wife. When Rama and Naung. a Papuan creator-god
Lakshmana came to the rescue, Si1 African He came to earth and, forming a
Shurpanakha tried to swallow Rama a supreme god of the Bambileke vagina in the first created woman,
but was driven off, badly wounded and si2 Irish impregnated her so that she produced
minus her ears and nose. In reprisal, [sida.sioga] all living things.
Ravana abducted Sita, precipitating the fairies: women of the Otherworld Siarr Norse
battle with Rama who came to rescue (see also sidh) [Sjarr]
his wife. Si3 South American one of the dwarfs
In some accounts she is the sister an ore-Incan moon-god of the Indians Siau Egyptian
of Hidimba. of Peru [Sau]
Shurripak Mesopotamian si-bean Irish a god, the personification
[Shurrupak] [bean si(dhe).si-bhean] of taste
a Babylonian city a woman of the Otherworld Sib Anglo-Saxon
It was said that this city was used as a (see also banshee) [=German Sippia]
meeting place for the gods. si-bhean (see si-bean) a goddess
Shurrupak (see Shurripak) Si Boru Deak East Indian sibaso East Indian
Shuten Doji (see Shutendoji) daughter of Ompu Tuhan Mula Jadi a Sumatran shaman
Shutendoji Japanese She descended from heaven to find a Sibauk East Indian
the Goblin-king of Mount Oye shuttle which she had dropped, a a culture-hero of Sarawak
He carried off young maidens, made shuttle with which she had been He is said to have climbed a tree
them his slaves and even ate them. weaving the world. When a young which, in the early days of creation,
When he captured Kimitaka, daughter man from heaven joined her, they had its roots at the top, planted in the
of the emperor Ichijo, the emperor stayed on earth and became the sky, and met the souls of the dead in
sent Raiko and five of his companions ancestors of the tribes of Sumatra. that celestial realm.
to kill the goblin who drank the Si Jari Malay Sibech (see Sibich)
magic drink, Shimben-Kidoku-Shu, [Finger Man] Sibeche (see Sibich)
offered by Raiko, and fell asleep so a midget who outwitted a reksoso Sibecke (see Sibich)
that he was easily overcome and Si Junaha Pacific Islands Sibhol (see Eire)
killed. a confidence trickster Sibich Norse
In some accounts, Yorimitsu He invented preposterous objects, [Sibech(e).Sibecke]
appears in place of Raiko. such as a guitar which killed weeds a servant of King Ermenrich
Shutu Mesopotamian when it was played, and traded them to He was sent with Randwer, the king’s
a Babylonian demoness, the offset his debts. son, to escort Swanhild, betrothed to
south-west wind Si Luncai Malay the king, to the royal palace. Sibich
Shuwe (see Nirmali) [Si Lunchai] coveted the kingdom and plotted the
Shuzianna (see Bigirhush) a peasant death of the royal family so he lied to
Shvaz Armenian He managed to escape when the the king that Randwer had seduced
a name for Shahapet as ‘ruler’ king condemned him to death and, Swanhild on the journey. The king
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 Sibilla Siddhartha2

had his son hanged and Swanhild Tiburtine (dove) sickle Greek
trampled to death by horses. Other lists include the Agrippine the symbol of Cronos
In the Germanic stories, he was an (whip) and Cimmerian (crown) sibyls. Sickness Woman (see Yama Enda)
adviser to Ermenrich but vowed Sibyl3 Norse Sicun North American
vengeance when his wife said she had [Sibylla.Sybil] [‘thought’]
been insulted by the king during his in some accounts, the early version one of the Godlike Spirits of
absence. He told malicious stories of Sif the Sioux
about the king’s eldest son and the sibyl4 Roman an aspect of Wakan tanka
king had him killed. Sibich then [sybil] Sicunym Central American
arranged for the second son to be in Roman myths, there was one (the a Mayan god of the underworld
drowned and, finally, told the king Sibyl of Cumae), two, four, ten or Sicyon Greek
that his third son, Randwer, was twelve of these prophetesses son of Pelops and Hippodamia
having an affair with Swanhild, his Sibyl of Cumae Roman Siculus Greek
step-mother. Ermenrich hanged his [Amalthea.Amphrysian Prophetess. [Sicelus]
son and had Swanhild trampled to Cumaean Sibyl.Deiphobe.Demophile. an ancestor of the people of Sicily
death by horses. Sibich was killed by Erythraean Sibyl.Herophile] In some accounts, he was said to have
Dietrich for his treachery. an Italian prophetess built a city on the site of what was later
(see also Bikki) She was given the power of prophecy Rome, before Aeneas arrived in Italy.
Sibilla European by Apollo who also granted her wish Sicyon Greek
a wife of Charlemagne to live for as many years as the son of Marathon
mother of Loys number of grains of sand she could brother of Corinthus
When she was found in bed with a hold in her hands. When she rejected His father shared his kingdom
dwarf, Charlemagne banished her and his advances, he withheld the gift of between Sicyon and his two sons.
appointed Auberijn to escort her to the youth so that she grew old and sid1 Irish
frontier. Macherijn, who lusted after shrivelled and finally asked to be [sidh.siod:plur=sid(h)e]
her, attacked her party, killing allowed to die. a hill under which the Danaans lived
Auberijn. Sibilla escaped and was She offered Tarquinius Priscus, king after they were defeated by the
sheltered by a farmer named Baroquel of Rome, the Sibylline Books, nine Milesians: a mound-dwelling of
who later accompanied her on a books of prophecies written on palm the fairies (see also sidhe)
journey to her home in Constan- leaves, in return for half his fortune. Sid2 Irish
tinople. They got as far as Hungary When he declined, she burnt three of [=Welsh Annwfn.Caer Feddwid]
where Sibilla gave birth to a son, Loys, the books, made the same offer, then the underworld (see sidhe)
who was educated at the court of the burnt another three and finally sold sida1 (see si)
king, also called Loys. In later years, him the remaining three for the Sida2 (see Sido)
she invaded Charlemagne’s kingdom at original price. Sidanu Mesopotamian
the head of a large army and, when the She advised Aeneas on his future a Babylonian deity of sickness
pope intervened, she was restored to when he arrived in Italy after the fall of Siddata (see Buddha1.Mahavira)
favour. Troy and guided him in the Siddha Hindu
Sibillia underworld to seek the advice of the [Sidha]
a fairy queen ghost of his dead father. a demi-god
Sibu Central American Sibylla (see Sibyl.2.3) Some 88,000 of these beings, ruled by
a name for the Great Spirit in Panama Sibylline Books Roman Vasvavasu, are said to live in a realm
sibyl1 9 books of prophecies written somewhere between the earth and the
[sybil] by the Sibyl of Cumae sun and are regarded as mortals who
a prophetess: a sorceress: a witch (see also Sibyl of Cumae) have achieved perfection.
Sibyl2 Greek Sibzianna Mesopotamian Siddha Sila Hindu
[Sibylla.Sybil] a name for Tammuz as a god of the heavenly home of the siddhas
a priestess of Apollo given the power hunters and shepherds Siddhaikaviramanjughosha Buddhist
of prophecy by that god Sicelus (see Siculus) [Sitamanjughosha]
There were up to ten sibyls in various Sichaeus (see Sychaeus) one of the 4 aspects of Manjushri, the
stories. The ten (with their emblems) Sicharbas (see Sychaeus) white one with a soft voice
are listed as the: Sicharbus (see Sychaeus) Siddarta (see Mahavira.Siddartha)
Cumaean (cradle) Sichelm British Siddarth (see Mahavira.Siddartha)
Delphic (crown of thorns) in Arthurian lore, a king of Norway Siddharth (see Mahavira Siddartha)
European (sword) He left the throne to his nephew, Lot, Siddhartha1 Buddhist
Erythraean (horn) but it was taken by Riculf instead. King [Siddarta.Siddarth.Siddata.Siddattha:
Hellespont (T-cross) Arthur invaded Norway, killed Riculf =Pali Siddhattha]
Libyan (lighted taper) and installed Lot, Duke of Lothian as the personal name of Gautama
Persian (dragon, lantern) king. Siddhartha2 Jain
Phrygian (banner, cross) Sicinus Greek [Siddarta.Siddarth.Siddata.Siddattha:
Samian (rose) son of Thoas and Oenoe =Pali Siddhatt(h)a
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 Siddhatta Siegfried1

husband of Trishala Sidha (see Siddha) Sidrat European

He became the ‘father’ of Mahavira sidhe Irish [Liebgart]
when the boy, while still an embryo, [sing=shee.sid(h):=Welsh Caer Feddwid] daughter of Macheroll, king of Syria
was transferred from the womb of a later name for side, the wife of Ortnit
his real mother, Devananda, to enchanted mounds Ortnit fell in love with her when
Siddhartha’s wife, Trishala. The people of the mounds were the he saw a phantom image conjured up
Siddhatta Buddhist aes sidhe and, and by extension, sidhe by the Fata Morgana. He set out to
[Siddhattha] is used to mean ‘fairies’. (see also sid) find her, and with the help of
the Pali name for the sidhe goaiteq Irish Albernich, sacked Tyre, besieged the
Sanskrit Siddhartha [goat side.seidean side] fortress Muntabure, where she was
Siddhattha (see Mahavira.Siddhartha) the Irish version of the fairy wind held, and took her back to Lombardy.
siddhi1 Greek Sidin East Indian There she was baptised as a Christian,
spiritual powers derived from meditation a servant of Enggang taking the name Liebgart, and married
Siddhi2 Hindu He released Rangkong, wife of Ortnit.
[‘achievement’] Enggang, who had been shut in a tree Her father sent her, as a present,
a goddess of good fortune by her husband. two eggs which, he said, would
a consort of Bhaga or Ganesha Sidhottr Norse produce magic toads. She gave the eggs
She is sometimes depicted as seated on a name for Odin referring to his to the giantess Ruotze to care for and
Ganesha’s knee. broad hat (see also Breit-hut) they hatched to produce monstrous
siddhu Hindu Sido East Indian dragons which ravaged the country-
an ascetic: religious instruction: a [Sida.Soido.Sosom.Souw:=New Zealand side. Ortnit was killed in an attempt to
variety of yoga Tawhaki] destroy the dragons and Sidrat was
Side1 Greek a Papuan fertility-god opposed by her nobles and reduced to
first wife of Orion He shaped the earth, stocked the seas penury, waiting patiently for the
She was condemned to Tartarus by with fish and taught men to speak. knight who, Ortnit had said, would
Zeus because the jealous Hera envied In one story, Sido was taught the art one day arrive with his magic ring.
her beauty. of shedding his skin like a snake, so This prediction came true when
side2 (see sid) achieving immortality, but he was once Wolfdietrich killed the dragons and
sidelock of youth (see Horus lock) disturbed during the change and lost claimed her hand.
sidehill dodger (see gayascutus) this power. His body died but his spirit Si’duku Siberian
Sideng Irish survived to roam the earth until he a mother-goddess
daughter of Mongan married a mortal. At her death, his daughter of Kutkhu
In some accounts, she gave Finn mac spirit first became a pig and then the consort of Ti’zil Kutkhu
Cool a marvellous weapon which pathfinder who leads the souls of the mother of Amle’i
consisted of a long chain with a stone dead to the land of spirits. Siduri Mesopotamian
on one end which he used to cut As Sosum, he could cause the plants [Sabatu.Siduru.Shidurri:
opponents in half. to grow merely by twirling his penis =Egyptian Tenemet]
Sidero Greek which made a noise like a bull-roarer. a Babylonian goddess of brewing
a maid servant of Tyro Another version, in which he is a manifestation of Ishtar
second wife of Cretheus, some say Soido, says that he married a mortal She tried to persuade Gilgamesh to
second wife of Salmoneus, some say woman who died at their first love- give up his search for immortality
When Alcidice died, Salmoneus making but all the plants of the earth in favour of earthly pleasures and,
married Sidero and she was very cruel sprouted at the spot where she was when he refused, told him how to
to Tyro, her stepdaughter, who had buried. Soido later married another find Utnapishtim.
abandoned the twins, Nelus and mortal, Pekai, and became the god She is depicted as a serpent.
Pelias, she had borne to Poseidon. of agriculture. (see also Sitnapishtim)
In another version, Tyro married Some say that Sido was the first Siduru (see Siduri)
Cretheus who abandoned her when he man to die and married Dirivo. From Siegdrifa Norse
found out about her affair with their union came all the plants of [Sigdrifa]
Poseidon and took Sidero, her maid, Adiri, the underworld, where they a name for Brunhild as bringer
in her place. She was thereafter very lived. Here he built a house, miles of victory
cruel to Tyro and, when they were old long, to accommodate all those who Siege of Troy (see Trojan War)
enough, the twins exacted revenge by died after him. It was said that he Siege Perilous (see Perilous Seat)
killing Sidero. could make fire by rubbing his teeth Siegelind (see Sieglinde)
sideswiper (see gayascutus) with wood. Siegfried1 German
Sidfodir (see Sidfodr) In some accounts, Sido, Sosum and [Sigfred.Sigfrid.Sigfrit]
Sidfodr Norse Soido are separate beings. a king of Moorland
[Sidfodir] Sidonay (see Asmodeus) husband of Ortrun
Odin as god of victories Sidpa Bardo Tibetan He was one of the suitors for the hand
(see also Sigtyr) an after-death period, seeking rebirth of Gudrun, daughter of Hettel and
sidh (see sid.sidhe) (see Bardo Thodol) Hilde. While Herwig, another suitor,
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 Siegfried2
was away fighting Hettel for the right
to marry Gudrun, Siegfried invaded
his kingdom but made peace and
joined forces with Herwig and Hettel
when Hartmut carried off Gudrun.
He later married Ortrun, Hartmut’s
sister.
Siegfried2 German
[Sigfred.Sigfrid.Sigfrit]
the Germanic version of the
Norse Sigurd
son of Siegmund and Sieglinde
husband of Krimhild
father of Gunther
His mother died when he was a baby
and he was raised by the dwarf Mime
who was seeking a hero to kill the
dragon Fafnir so that he could seize
the treasure guarded by the dragon.
He raised Siegfried to be such a hero
and, armed with his father’s Sword
of Need which he had re-forged,
Siegfried killed the dragon and took
the treasure. When Mime tried to
poison him, Siegfried killed the dwarf
as well. The blood of the dragon made
him invulnerable and gave him the
power to understand the language of
the birds and they told him of the
plight of Brunhild. He sought her out
on the mountain-top and found her
surrounded by a wall of fire which
parted to allow him to pass. He
wakened her with a kiss and they fell in
love. When he left her, Brunhild gave
him her horse, Grani.
He met Gunther who was seeking
a wife and rode back through the
flames in the form of Gunther to
woo Brunhild for the king, whom she
married.
Siegfried married Gunther’s sister,
Gudrun, having been induced to take
a drink that caused him to forget
Brunhild. Hagen, half-brother of
Gudrun, plotted to kill Siegfried to
get from him the Ring of Power, part
of the dragon’s treasure, and stabbed
him in the back. Brunhild, still in love
with Siegfried, rode into the flames of
his funeral pyre and tossed the Ring of
Power into the Rhine. The Rhine-
daughters rose on a huge wave which
drowned Hagen as he tried to snatch
the ring and swept the funeral pyre
into oblivion.
In another version, after killing
the dragon and acquiring the treasure,
he married Krimhild. He also
accompanied Gunther, her brother, on
a visit to seek the hand of Brunhild
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who would marry only the man who
could defeat her in a contest of spear-
throwing and jumping. He used his
magic Cloak of Invisibility to help
Gunther win the contest and the hand
of Brunhild. Siegfried later used the
same cloak to help Gunther subdue
his powerful bride who, thereafter,
became a dutiful wife.
When Siegfried and Krimhild
visited the court of Gunther, the two
women quarrelled and Hagen plotted
to avenge the perceived insult to
Brunhild. He induced Gunther to
invite Siegfried to help in repelling a
purported invasion and, on a hunting
trip, killed Siegfried by driving his
spear into his only vulnerable spot,
the spot between his shoulder-blades
which had been covered by a leaf
when he bathed in the blood of the
dragon, Fafnir. (see also Sigmund)
Siegfried3 German
[Sifred.Sigfrid.Sigfrit]
son of Gunther and Brunhild
Siegfried4 German
one of the four Wagnerian
operas based on the
Nibelungenlied
This work tells of Siegfried’s slaying of
the dragon, Fafnir, and his meeting
with Brunhild.
Sieglind (see Sieglinde)
Sieglinde1 Norse
[Sieg(e)lind.Sigelint]
a childhood companion
of Siegmund
daughter of Sigeher
wife of Hunding, some say
mother of Siegfried by Siegmund
In the Wagnerian story, she was
carried off by a hunter and Siegmund
vowed vengeance but could not find
her.
Years later, she was restored to
Siegmund but the hunter followed her
and killed Siegmund in a duel when
Odin intervened to break Siegmund’s
magic sword, the Sword of Need.
Sieglinde was carried off to safety by
Brunhild who gave her the pieces of the
broken sword to keep in trust for her
son.
She handed the baby to the dwarf,
Mime, to be reared. (see also Signy1)
Sieglinde2 Norse
a niece of Hadburg
a swan-maiden
She prophesied death when Hagen
saw her bathing as he was on his way to
Etzel’s court with Gunther.
938
Sifka
Siegmund German
[Sig(e)mund]
the Germanic version of the
Norse Sigmund
son of Odin
husband of Sieglinde
father of Siegfried
His beloved Sieglinde was carried off
by a hunter and Siegmund vowed
vengeance but could not find her. One
day, exhausted, he took shelter in a hut
where a maiden, who turned out to be
Sieglinde, gave him food and drink.
Here he found the Sword of Need,
left by his father Odin against his hour
of need, stuck into the trunk of the
oak- tree which grew through the
roof of the hut. He took the sword
and fled with Sieglinde from the hut
which was, in fact, the home of the
hunter who had abducted Sieglinde
years before.
Odin ordered Brunhild to help
Siegmund in his fight with the hunter
who followed the fleeing lovers and
met Siegmund in a duel. He then
changed his mind when Frigga
asserted that justice demanded the
return of the girl to the hunter and he
intervened in the fight to break
the Sword of Need so that the hunter
was able to kill Siegmund. Odin then
killed the hunter with a single glance.
(see also Sigmund)
Siela Baltic
the life-force
This force is said not to leave with the
soul of the departed but is reincarnated
in animals and plants.
Sif Norse
[Sibyl(la)]
a corn-goddess
one of the Asynjurr
second wife of Thor
mother of Lorride, Thrud and Uller
In some accounts she was formerly
Sibyl, a prophetess,
Her long golden hair was cut off
and stolen (in some accounts, burnt
off) by Loki. Thor caught him and
would have strangled him had Loki
not promised to restore the hair. The
replacement, made from gold thread
by the dwarf Dvalin, grew and was said
to be even more beautiful than the
original.
Sifka Norse
a usurper
In Thidrekssaga, he seized power after
the death of Erminrik but was defeated
by Thidrek.
 Sigar Sigmund1

Sigar Norse Siggeir Norse devoured by wolves. Signy managed to

a king of Denmark king of the Goths have one of her attendants spread
father of Signy husband of Signy honey over Sigmund’s face so that,
When Hagbard, Signy’s lover, killed At his wedding to Signy, he failed to when a wolf came and licked the
Sigar’s sons, he had Hagbard executed. pull the sword Gram out of the oak honey, Sigmund seized its tongue in
Sigdrifa (see Siegdrifa) tree, Branstock, where it had been his teeth and, in the struggle to kill the
Sige1 Mesopotamian planted by Odin, and became so wolf, broke his bonds. He built a hut in
[=Akkadian Zi:=Sumerian Ziku] jealous of Signy’s twin brother, the forest and worked as a smith,
a Babylonian mother-goddess: the Sigmund, who succeeded and claimed plotting revenge. Signy, also seeking to
primordial essence from which the sword that he planned to kill the avenge the death of her father and
sprang Apason and Tauthe whole Volsung family. He invited brothers, sent Sigmund two of her
Sige2 (see Sigi) them to his palace and, despite sons by Siggeir to help her brother but
Sigeband1 German warnings of treachery, they accepted. they proved useless and finally she
a warrior serving with Dietrich The Goths ambushed them, killing disguised herself and slept with her
von Bern Volsung and tying his sons to fallen brother producing a son, Sinfiotli, who
He was one of the party captured trees in the forest where they were left was worthy of the task.
by Ermenrich. to their fate. All except Sigmund were Sigmund raised the boy in the
Sigeband2 Norse eaten by wolves. warrior tradition. When they
a king of Denmark Sigi Norse discovered two werewolves asleep
father of Hagen [Sige] they took their skins and rampaged
Sigeher German a king of Franconia through the forest killing everything
an ancestor of Dietrich von Bern son of Odin they came upon and finally fought
son of Dietwart father of Rerir each other. Sigmund killed his son
father of Ortnit and Sieglinde He was made an outlaw when, from but, by the intervention of the gods,
He was the only one of Dietwart’s jealousy over the spoils of the hunt, he restored him to life with a magic
children to survive. It was said that he, killed another hunter, Bredi. Odin herb. He then told his son what they
like his father, lived for 400 years, provided him with a ship so that, with had to do and they both hid in
fathering thirty-one children of whom a band of followers, he could raid Siggeir’s palace but were betrayed by
only two survived. adjoining lands and he eventually the sons of Siggeir who were promptly
Sigelint (see Sieglinde) conquered the lands of the Huns. He killed by Sinfiotli. Overpowered by
Sigeminne German was killed by his wife’s relatives but the numbers of Goths, they were
[Rauch-Else] they, in turn, were killed by Rerir who buried alive in tombs from which they
a princess of Old Troy took over his father’s throne. escaped with the help of Sigmund’s
She had been turned by magic into the Sigillaria Roman magic sword Gram, which Signy
bear-woman, Rauch-Else, but she was the latter part of the Saturnalia managed to smuggle to them. Once
restored to her former self when Sigird (see Sigurd) free, they set fire to the palace,
Wolfdietrich promised to marry her. Sigiri Buddhist destroying all inside except the
Later, she was carried off by the a temple in Ceylon, carved out of the women. Signy, however, entered the
magician, Drusian, but her husband rock, in the shape of a lion burning building and died with her
found them and rescued her and they Sigmund1 Norse husband in true Norse tradition.
lived happily together for some years [Siegmund.Sigemund.Sigmundr] Father and son then returned to
until she died. son of Volsung Hunaland where Sigmund married
Sigemund (see Siegmund.Sigmund) twin brother of Signy Borghild and fathered two more sons,
Sigenot German husband of Borghild and Hiordis Hamond and Helgi. When Borghild
a giant father of Hamond and Helgi poisoned Sinfiotli, Sigmund deposed
brother of Grim by Borghild her and married Hiordis whose
He vowed to avenge the death of his father of Sigurd by Hiordis unsuccessful suitor, Lygni, then led
brother at the hand of Dietrich and father of Sinfiotli by Signy an army against Sigmund. In the
captured him, putting him in chains At the wedding of his sister Signy ensuing battle, Odin appeared and
in his mountain-top retreat. When to the Goth Siggeir, he was the shattered Sigmund’s magic sword.
Hildebrand came to look for Dietrich, only one able to draw the sword Deprived of any means of defence,
Sigenot attacked him but was killed. Gram that Odin had planted in the Sigmund was killed but used his dying
Sigensigdu Mesopotamian oak, Branstock. breath to instruct Hiordis to collect
Sumerian deities present at the In envy, Siggeir plotted to kill the the broken pieces of his sword and
creation of man by Enki whole Volsung family for their wealth save them for his son, soon to be born.
Sigfadr Norse and possessions and when the family The victorious Lygni took over
a name for Odin as ‘father of paid a visit to the land of the Goths Sigmund’s kingdom.
victory’ they were ambushed. Volsung was In the Germanic version, Sigmund
Sigfred (see Siegfried) killed and his sons were captured and becomes Siegmund and Sigurd, his
Sigfrid (see Siegfried) tied to fallen trees in the forest to await son by Hiordis, becomes Siegfried.
Sigfrit (see Siegfried) death. All except Sigmund were (see also Siegmund)
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 Sigmund2
Sigmund2 Norse She was herself re-born as the
[Siegmund.Sigemund.Sigmundr] Valkyrie, Kara. (see also Kara.Svava)
son of Thorkel Sigtuna Norse
He was killed by Glum who quarrelled a city in Sweden
with Sigmund’s father over a piece When Odin spent some time on
of land. earth, Gylfi, the king of Sweden, gave
Sigmundr (see Sigmund) him land on which to build a new city
Sign Master (see Koto-shiro-nushi) and temple.
signaduri European Sigtyr Norse
Corsican sorcerers said to [Sygtyr]
be able to deploy the evil a name of Odin as god of victory
eye (see Sidfodr)
Signe1 Norse Sigu South American
[Signe-Alweig] ruler of animals
a swan-maiden son of Aimon Kondi
wife of Halfdan When the flood came he saved the
Signe2 (see Sigyn) animals by herding them into a cave
Signe-Alweig (see Signe1) and himself by climbing a tree.
Signy1 Norse Siguna (see Sigyn)
[Sygny] Sigune British
goddess of the dawn daughter of Josiane
daughter of Volsung cousin of Percival, in some accounts
twin sister of Sigmund Her mother died when Sigune was
wife of Siggeir born and the child was raised by
mother of Sinfiotli Josiane’s sister, Herzeloyde, together
She married Siggeir, whom she with another orphan, Schionatulander,
despised for his puny stature and grim whom she later married.
nature, without seeing him before the When Percival was en route to the
wedding. At the wedding, Odin Grail Castle he met Sigune carrying
appeared in disguise and planted a the body of her dead husband who
sword in the oak, Branstock. All tried had been killed by the Red Knight.
to draw it from the tree but only Percival avenged his death by killing
Sigmund succeeded. the Red Knight and Sigune became
When Siggeir killed her father a recluse.
and all her brothers with the Sigurd1 Norse
exception of Sigmund, she plotted to [Fafnisbani.Sigird.Sigurdr.Sigurthr:
have him killed by Sigmund and =German Siegfried]
another of the same blood. She sent son of Sigmund and Hiordis
two of her children by Siggeir to husband of Gudrun
Sigmund to help in the task but they father of Aslaug and Swanhild
proved useless so she disguised herself He was born after the death of his
and slept with her brother, producing father in the battle with Lygni in
a son, Sinfiotli, who, when old which Sigmund’s magic sword,
enough, helped his father to kill all Balmung, was shattered by Odin and
Siggeir’s children and Siggeir himself after his mother, Hiordis, had
by shutting him in the palace and remarried to Elf, king of the Vikings
setting it alight. Signy then entered who treated him as his own son. He
the burning building and died with was tutored in all the manly arts by
her husband. (see also Sieglinde) Regin and, at maturity, was given the
Signy2 Norse horse, Grane.
[Sygny] It was Regin who told Sigurd the
daughter of Sigar, king of Denmark story of how Loki had killed his
When her lover, Hagbard, was brother Otter and then forced
executed for killing her brothers, she Andvari to hand over his hoard of gold
killed herself. to pay the ransom demanded by their
Signy3 (see Sigyn) father, Hreidmar, and how his other
Sigrdrifa (see Siegdrifa) brother, Fafnir, had killed their father
Sigrun Norse for the treasure and turned himself
a Valkyrie into a monstrous serpent to guard it.
daughter of Hogni, some say He then persuaded Sigurd to seek out
She was said to be Svava re-born. the monster and kill it. Sigurd agreed
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940
Sigurd1
provided that Regin would make him
an unbreakable sword. Two made by
Regin broke when tested and they
finally forged together the pieces of
Sigmund’s sword which Hiordis had
saved and which proved capable of
slicing through an anvil.
On the voyage back to Hunaland
he picked up a man who was walking
on the surface of the sea and who said
his name was Feng. He was really
Odin in disguise and he taught Sigurd
how to look out for and recognise
auspicious signs.
He killed Lygni to reclaim his
father’s throne and then set out with
Regin to kill Fafnir. Again Odin
appeared to him, this time advising
Sigurd to dig a trench in the route
used by the dragon on its way to
drink. Hidden in the trench, Sigurd
was able to strike at the dragon’s
heart as it slithered overhead. At
Regin’s behest, he cut out and cooked
the dragon’s heart and found when he
tasted it that he could hear the
language of the birds who warned
him that Regin was planning
mischief. He killed Regin, ate the
heart and blood of Fafnir, seized the
Helmet of Dread and the magic ring,
Andavaranaut and as much of the
gold as he could carry. The birds
then told him of the plight of
Brunhild so he rode off to where
she was imprisoned within a wall of
flame on the Hindarfiall. His horse,
Grane, took him straight through
the flames to the palace where
Brunhild, clad in armour, lay in a
trance. When he removed the armour,
she awoke and immediately fell in
love with her saviour. She had been a
Valkyrie and had been banished
from Valhalla for dis-obeying the
wishes of Odin. Sigurd gave her the
ring Andvaranaut in betrothal. In one
version, they married and had a
daughter, Aslaug, who was reared by
Brunhild’s father, but more usually
it is said that Sigurd left her after
a few days to seek further adventures
abroad.
In the land of the Nibelungs he was
entertained by Giuki and Grimhild,
the king and queen, who had three
sons, Gunnar, Guttorm and Hogni,
and one daughter, Gudrun, with
whom Sigurd fell in love and married.
He also became the blood-brother of
Gunnar and Hogni. Later, when
 Sigurd2 Silenus1

Gunnar became king in succession father poisoned her. Sigmund was so Siksawp Burmese
to his father and wanted to claim grief-stricken that he jumped aboard a female spirit of heaven
Brunhild as his bride, his horse refused the ship in which her funeral pyre was consort of Hkrip Hkrawp
to carry him through the flames so built, stabbed himself and died with her. mother of Chanum, Ngawn-wa-
Sigurd took on the appearance of Sigurd the Snake-eyed Norse Mogam and Woi-shun
Gunnar, rode once again through the son of Ragnar Lodbrok and Aslaug Sikulokobuzuka (see Chilube)
flaming barrier and spent three days He was fostered with the pirate, sikun North American
with Brunhild, wooing her as Gunnar. Hastings, who taught him the arts a supernatural power for good or evil
He retrieved the ring he had given of war. Sikuna-bikona (see Sukunu-biko)
her, replacing it with a ring from Sigurd the Volsung British Sila1 Inuit
Gunnar and later gave Andvaranaut a 19th C poem by William Morris, [Air Spirit.Sila Inua.Silap Inna]
to Gudrun. in 4 books, Brynhild, Gudrun, one of the 3 spirits
Brunhild married Gunnar but was Regin and Sigmund controlling the forces of
bitter at the trick played on her by Sigurdr (see Sigurd) nature
Sigurd whom she still loved. When Sigurthr (see Sigurd) Sila lives in the sky and controls rain
she quarrelled with Gudrun over Sigyn Norse and snow.
Sigurd, she asked her husband to kill [Signe.Signy.Siguna] Sila2 Jain
Sigurd. Both he and Hogni were the third wife of Loki a heaven for perfect souls
bound by their blood-oaths but mother of Narve and Vali This realm, in the shape of a conch-
Guttorm was not so bound and he When Loki was imprisoned in a cave shell, lies just above the paradise
stabbed Sigurd in the back with a for plotting the death of Balder, she sat Isatpragbhara.
spear. Sigurd killed his murderer using beside him and caught in a cup the si’la (see ghul)
his last ounce of strength to throw his venom that constantly dripped on to Sila Inua (see Sila1)
sword which cut Guttorm in half. his face from the jaws of the huge Silap Inna (see Sila1)
Brunhild, full of remorse, stabbed serpent above his head. Silaparamita (see Shila)
herself and was burned alongside Sihai East Indian Silappadikaram Hindu
Sigurd on his funeral pyre. In another a wind-god a Tamil name for Balarama
version, she rode her horse through In some accounts, Sihai was the first husband of Korraval
the flames of his pyre to perish at man, made by the god Sirao. The Silas (see Silvan)
his side. (see also Siegfried) moon and sun came from his eyes and Silat Muslim
Sigurd2 Norse the world-tree grew from his heart. a lightning-jinnee: a she-devil living
[Hringr.Ring.Sigird] Sihon in the forest
a king of Sweden an evil demon, said to be king of Silcharde
He fought Harald, king of Denmark, the Amorites a demon
who was defeated when Odin intervened sihr Arab Sile na gCioch (see Sheela Na Gig)
and killed the Danish king. sorcery: magic Sileinos (see Silenus)
Sigurd3 Norse Sijobang (see Anggun Nan Tungga) Silen (see Silenus)
[Sigird] Sikandari African Silene (see Silenus2)
son of Ragnar Lodbrok and Aslaug the Swahili name for Alexander Sileni (see Silenus2)
brother of Biorn, Hvitserk, Ivar the Great Silent Country Pacific Islands
and Rogenwald Sikantapatewada Thai in the lore of the Cook Islands,
Sigurd Ring Norse one of the sky-lords, the Thens a realm on the bottom of the
king of Ringric He came to earth when the flood waters primordial ocean
husband of Alfild and Ingeborg receded to instruct the new race in the Silent One North American
father of Ragnar Lodbrok by Alfild arts of music and dance. a Hopi rain-god
His first wife, and mother of his son Sikhandin Hindu Silent, The (see Vidar)
Ragnar, was Alfild. one of the vidyesvaras Silenus1 Greek
Another version says that he asked an aspect of Shiva [Papposilenus.S(e)ilinus.S(e)ileinos.
Helgé and Halfdan for the hand of Sikhi Buddhist Silen:=Roman Silenus]
their sister, Ingeborg, and, when one of the 7 manushibuddhas a satyr
Halfdan joked about his great age, he Sikhin Tibetan king of Nysa
sent in his army. When Frithiof a Buddhist god of medicine son of Pan or of Hermes by Calypso
refused to help the co-kings to defend one of the sMan-bla son of Gaea, some say
their kingdom, they signed a treaty Sikis Mesopotamian father of Pholus
with Sigmund Ring under which they a Babylonian deity A fat, jovial fellow who rode on a
paid an annual tribute and gave him sikla bird South American donkey because he was usually too
Ingeborg, as wife. in the lore of the Indians of drunk to walk. He was the tutor and
At an advanced age, he fell in love Honduras and Nicaragua, friend of Dionysus.
with the princess Alfsol but her parents the bird which tends the He was once captured by Midas
refused to sanction the match. When boiling pot, Sakaldakama, in who tried to extract from him the
Sigurd tried to take Alfsol by force, her the underworld secret of life.
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 Silenus2 Simmas

Silenus2 Greek Silver Circle (see Aranrhod) He was one of the people who descended
[S(e)ilinus.S(e)ileinos.Silen: Silver Cloud (see Argadnel) from heaven in a ship with Faro.
plur=Silene.S(e)ileni] Silver Mountain (see Mount Kailasa) Simbu African
one of a race of beings, part horse, Silver Roan Russian father of Nduala
part man, who unlike the Centaurs, a magical horse given to Ivan the In the lore of the Banyoro, he appeared
had horses’ ears and walked on 2 Fool by his dead father for guarding as a stranger to the princess Nyina
feet his grave Mweru and disappeared again, leaving
Silewe Nazarata East Indian Silvertop Norse her pregnant.
a goddess [Silfrintoppr] Simha Hindu
wife of Lowalangi a horse of the gods one of the signs of the Zodiac,
Some say that she lives on the moon. Silvester Irish Leo the lion
Silfrintoppr (see Silvertop) a hero of a voyage to many Simha-nadamanjushri
Silik Mulu-khi Mesopotamian strange places with Emne (see Simhanada)
a Sumerian deity of healing and Lochan Simha-Rathi Hindu
son of Ea silvestres a name for Devi or Durga
Silili Mesopotamian elementals, spirits of the air, riding a lion
the Babylonian celestial mare from in some accounts Simha Sana Buddhist
which all horses are descended Silvia (see Rhea Silvia) the lotus throne of Avalokiteshvara
Siliniets Polish Silvius Roman supported by lions
a forest deity [Sylvius] Simha-Vahini Hindu
Silkisif Norse first king of Alba Longa a name for Devi, Durga, Kali or
a queen of Heliopolis grandson of Aeneas, some say Uma riding on a lion
When Yngvarr arrived at her court son of Ascanius Simha-Vaktra Buddhist
during his epic search for the source of brother of Iulus a goddess of the air
a Russian river, she offered to share father of Brutus one of the Dakinis
her throne with him. Yngvarr rejected He usurped the throne of his She is depicted as having the head of
the offer, preferring to continue his brother, Iulus. a lion.
search, but in later years his son, It had been prophesied that Brutus Simhala Cambodian
Sveinn, followed much the same route would kill both his parents. His a merchant
and married Silkisif. mother, a cousin of Silvius, died after When his ship was wrecked on an
Silkworm Maiden (see Ts’an Nü) three days in labour when the boy was island where he was in danger from the
Silliam Aipane Inuit born and, when he was fifteen, Brutus rakshasas, Lokesvara turned himself
the home of the dead: the house accidentally shot and killed Silvius into a horse and carried the merchant
of winds when they were out hunting. to safety.
Silliam Innua Inuit Brutus was banished and sailed with Simhanada Buddhist
a deity, ruler of the winds a group of Trojans to Britain. [Simandamanjughosha.
silkie (see selkie) In some accounts, Silvius was the Simha-nadamanjushri]
Siloo Pacific Islands son of Aeneas and Lavinia. a name for Manjushri as ‘lion-
sister of Dapie Simaethis Greek voiced’
Siltim Persian [Symaethis] one of the 4 aspects of Manjushri
a malevolent forest-demon a nymph Simhanara Lokesvara Cambodian
siluman East Indian mother of Acis by Pan, some say a name for Avalokiteshvara with 5
a spirit, in Javanese lore Simandamanjughosha buddhas emanating from his
Silvan Roman (see Simha-nadamanjushri) body
[Silas.Silvanus.Sylvan(us)] simargh (see sinam) Simi Mesopotamian
god of agriculture and woods simarghu Persian [Seimia.Shima.Shimi]
half man, half goat [simorg:=Russian simarglu] a Syrian goddess of fate
In some accounts he was the son of a winged dragon Simias Irish
Crathis, others say he was the son of This beast, invisible to human eyes, [Semias]
Picus or Mars. guarded the tree of life, one which a wizard
Some accounts identify him with produced seeds for all the other plants. He was the ruler of the mythical city
Faunus, Mars or the Greek Pan, others (see also simurgh) of Murias and provided the Danaans
with Cocidius. (see also Silvani) simarglu Russian with the magic cauldron of the
Silvani Roman the Russian equivalent of the Dagda.
[Silvanae:=Greek satyrs] Persian simarghu Simigi Mesopotamian
deities of agriculture and woods Simbi West Indian [=Armenian Sivini=Hittite Istanu:
It was said that each estate had a Haitian river-snake god, =Urartian Siwin]
three such guardian deities, one each god of rain a Hurrian sun-god
for the house, the boundaries and Simboumba African Simild (see Kunhild)
the workers. a Swahili ancestor Similte (see Kunhild)
Silvanus (see Silvan) brother of Kanisimbo Simmas (see Simmos)
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 Simmos Sinaa

Simmos Mesopotamian simurgh1 Persian Sin6 North American

[Simmas] [akra.samru.simorg.simurg.sinurgh: a sky-god of the Haida
a shepherd =Arab anqa.roc:=Russian sinam(ru)] people
He found and reared the infant a fabulous bird He was found as a baby inside a
Semiramis. This huge bird, which lived on Mount cockle-shell and grew very quickly.
Simoeis Greek Alburz, was said to have rescued the The chief’s daughter who found him
[Simois] god Zal when he was abandoned as a was Fine-weather Woman and she
a river-god of Troy baby by his parents. In some accounts, was given the power to cause storms
father of Astyoche it lived for 1,700 years and burned to simply by loosening her robe.
Simois (see Simoeis) death when its young hatched. Sin became a fine hunter but, one
Simon Breac Irish In one account, all the birds set out day, he put on the skin, first of a wren,
son of Starn to look for the mysterious simurgh but then of a blue-jay and finally of a
After the Fomoire defeated the only thirty survived the long search. kingfisher, soaring above the sea in
invading Nemedians, Simon and his These remaining birds merged into each of these guises before finally
followers went to Greece. Here they one, becoming the simurgh. disappearing into the heavens.
became slaves and were regarded as In the Avesta, one such bird is Sin7 (see Nanna1)
the ancestors of the Fir Bolg, later known as Saena Meregha (dragon- Sin-liki-innuni Mesopotamian
invaders of Ireland. peacock). (see also phoenix.saena. the author of the Chaldaean
Simon Magus1 Canaanite senmerv.simarghu) epic of Gisdhubar
[Simon the Magician] simurgh2 Persian sin-you Japanese
a Samaritan sorcerer in some accounts, a secret name a celestial sheep or unicorn
He is alleged to have flown above the for god This animal acts as a judge of humans,
throng in Rome where Peter, worried simyr (see sinam) punishing the guilty. (see also kirin)
that this magical feat might make the Sin1 Arab Sina Pacific Islands
people believe that Simon had divine a pre-Islamic moon-god and god [Ma Sina:=Hervey Islands Ina:
powers, prayed to God who caused the of wealth =Tahitian Hina]
sorcerer to fall to the ground, breaking Sin2 Irish the tropic bird
his leg in three places. [Maine Maghor] a Samoan moon-goddess
In another story, he volunteered son of Aililll and Maev sister of Maui
to be buried alive, proposing to re- He was one of seven sons all known wife of Pili
appear after three days. He was never as Maine. She and Pili had five children
seen again. He went to woo the maiden, Fearbh, who became the ancestors of
Simon Magus2 Irish and when Conor mac Nessa heard of the Polynesians.
a sorcerer his presence he attacked her father’s Another story says that she was
In Irish myth, his sons raped Tlachtga, house. Despite the intervention of raped by Te Tuna in the form of an eel,
a goddess and druidess, who produced Maev, Conor won the battle and sacked a crime for which he was executed. His
three sons, each with a different the house, killing Sin. decapitated head was buried on the
father. Sin3 Irish beach and from it grew the first
Simonides Greek a sorceress coconut palm.
a poet She beguiled the king, Muircheartach, Sina Kwas Pacific Islands
he wrote The Lamentantion of Danae persuaded him to put aside his wife, a culture-hero in the Solomon
Delivering a panegyric to Scopas, Duaibhseach, and took her place. By Islands
king of Thessaly, he included conjuring up hosts of warriors for him brother of Gwan Meo
references to Castor and Polydeuces. to slaughter, she gradually weakened These two heroes, known as the Red
The king paid him a half-fee and told him and finally brought about his Heads, were regarded as children of
him to look to the twins for the other death. She later confessed that she had the sun and were credited with the
half. Told that two young men on done it all to avenge the death of her slaying of many monsters and bringing
horseback were waiting to see him, family at the hands of the king and food, magic and other benefits to their
he left the building minutes before died of grief. people. They were said to have led a
the roof fell in. The horsemen, said Sin4 Mesopotamian band of their followers by sea to
to be Castor and Polydeuces, had [Ma.Magar.Magula-Anna.Suen.Udsar: inhabit the Solomon Islands and are
disappeared. =Assyrian Suin:=Sumerian Nanna] now worshipped as war-spirits.
simorg (see simarghu.simurgh) a Babylonian moon-god Sinaa South American
Si’mskalin Siberian a name for Marduk as ‘ruler of the a creator and jaguar-ancestor of
a guardian god night’ the Juruna Indians
son of Kutkhu father of Ishtar, some say son of Duca
simul Norse Sin5 Norse He was born of a jaguar, Duca, and
a pole or yoke [Syn(ia)] a woman and his eyes were in the
This is the pole used by Hiuki and Bil a goddess of truth, attendant on Frigga back of his head. He could remove
for carrying the bucket, Saegir. It was her duty to guard the entrance his skin and rejuvenate himself by
simurg (see simurgh) to Frigga’s palace. taking a bath.
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 Sinainn Sinlap

He is said to have created the world, Sindri3 Norse Sinfjotli (see Sinfiotli)
propping up the sky on a stick. the golden hall of the dwarfs singa Pacific Islands
He visited Uaica in dreams and after Ragnarok in Bali, an image of Agni in the form
told him how to make life better for Sindur Norse of a winged lion
the Juruna. a giantess Singala Arab
The world will end when he removes She was one of the nine wave-maidens a local god
the stick that holds up the heavens. said to have simultaneously given birth Singalang Burong East Indian
Sinainn (see Sionan) to Heimdall, fathered by Odin. a Dayak bird-god, progenitor
sinam Russian Sineach Cro Irish of the tribe
[simargh.simyr.sinamru:=Arab Roc: a woman who acted as foster-mother Singbanga Indian
=Persian simurgh] to Diarmaid mac Aodha Slaine [=Ho Sirma Thakur]
a huge bird Sinebomatu Pacific Islands a supeme god of the Munda
sinamru (see sinam) [Woman of the North-east Wind] people
Sinann (see Sionan) keeper of the Melanesian Singhalaputra Buddhist
Sinchi Roca South American afterworld, Bwebweso [Son of the Lion:=Chinese
a legendary Inca king wife of Kekewage Shih-tzu-pi-ch’iu]
His mother spread a rumour that the She and her husband care for the one of the Eighteen Lohan,
sun-god was about to send a new king spirits of dead children until their in some accounts
so that, when she produced her son, parents also die and can take over. He was originally an Indian Brahmin
Sinchi Roca, dressed in fine garments, Sinend (see Sionan) who became a Buddhist and a leader of
emerging from a cave, he was accepted Sinfiotl (see Sinfiotli) that faith who was executed when he
as king. Sinfiotli Norse upset some officials of the court.
Some stories say he was the first [Sinfiotl.Sinfjotli] He is depicted standing and holding
Inca king. son of Sigmund and Signy a staff.
Sinbad Arab He was born of an incestuous liaison to Sinh Burmese
[Sinbad the Sailor] provide a worthy helper for Sigmund a cat
a voyager, hero of The Arabian in his efforts to exact vengeance on This animal shared daily worship with
Nights Siggeir, Signy’s husband, who had his master, the chief priest Mun-Ha,
In one story he was carried by a rukh treacherously killed her father, in front of the statue of the goddess
to a valley of diamonds where he Volsung, and tied her four brothers to Tsu-Kyan-Kse. When the priest was
collected as many as he could carry. fallen trees in the forest where all killed, the cat climbed on to his
He then tied himself to the rukh and except Sigmund were eaten by wolves. shoulders and looked hard into the
was carried to its nest. Sinbad was Sigmund trained the boy in the arts of face of the statue. The cat’s yellow
rescued by a merchant before the huge the warrior and on one occasion they eyes became blue, like those of the
bird could eat him and the two of donned the skins of werewolves and goddess, and the white fur became the
them shared the diamonds. rampaged through the forest killing all brown and gold of the present day
Sinbuck in their path, after which they fought Birman cat.
a demon each other and Sinfiotli was killed. Sinhanada Tibetan
Sindhu Hindu The gods intervened and Sigmund was a Buddhist god of medicine
a river-goddess able to restore his son to life with the an aspect of Avalokiteshvara
Sindolt German aid of a magic herb. one of the sMan-bla
a warrior at Gunther’s court When they hid in Siggeir’s palace Sini Norse
Sindre (see Sindri) they were betrayed by Siggeir’s sons a horse of the gods
Sindri1 Norse who were promptly killed by Sinfiotli. Sinis Greek
[Sindr] He and his father were overpowered [Pinebender.Pityocamptes.Sinnis]
a dwarf and buried alive in stone tombs but son of Procrustes
brother of Brock escaped with the help of Sigmund’s father of Perigune
When Loki persuaded Dvalin to make magic sword, Balmung, which Signy He was an outlaw who killed travellers
a replacement for the long golden hair managed to smuggle to them. They by tying them to a pine tree bent to the
of Sif that Loki had stolen, Brock, then set fire to the palace, killing all ground and hurling them into the air
Sindri’s brother, wagered that Sindri inside except the women. Signy when the tree was released, or to two
was a better craftsman than Dvalin, refused safe passage and died with trees which tore the victims apart.
the loser to forfeit his head. Sindri her husband. Theseus killed him by the same
fashioned the golden boar Gullinbursti, They then returned to Hunaland method.
the magic ring Draupnir and the where Sigmund married Borghild. Sinivali Hindu
magic hammer Miolnir. He later Her brother quarrelled with Sinfiotli a moon-goddess and goddess of
became king of the dwarfs. and was killed. Borghild poisoned good fortune
Sindri2 Norse Sinfiotli and Sigmund carried the body Sinlap Burmese
[Sindre] of his dead son to the shore where one of the first nats, created by
a race of dwarfs, descendants Odin received it into his boat and Chinum Way Shun
of Sindri sailed off into the west. a giver of wisdom
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 Sinmora Sir Perceval de Galles

Sinmora Norse fled when they saw their king go The outer circle has twelve scenes
wife of Sutur down. which illustrate the reasons for rebirth
She owned the sword which could kill (see also Daire Donn) such as ignorance, covetousness and
the cock Gullinkambi. Sinsear (see Sinsar) similar vices. The second wheel has
Sinner King, The Sinta East Indian six triangles, each of which deals with
(see Le Roi Pêcheur) [Dewi Shri:=Hindu Sita] one of the various realms, given as
Sinner Lord (see Chevalier Mal Fet) the Javanese version of Sita Chayula (home of the gods), Lamayin
Sinnis (see Sinis) wife of Wisnu (home of demi-gods), Miyul (home of
Sinon Greek mother of Watu Gunung mankind), Yiddak (home of ghosts),
a Greek soldier at Troy She was carried off by the demon Gholsong (home of animals) and
son of Sisyphus, some say Rawana but Rama and Hanuman came Nyalwa (the underworld).
Sinon was left on shore when the to her rescue. The third, innermost, circle
Greeks apparently sailed from Troy In one story, she inadvertently portrays the three worlds of passion
and it was he who convinced the married her own son, Watu Gunung. using a cock to portray desire or lust,
Trojans that they should take the Sinthgunt Norse a pig for ignorance or sloth and a
wooden horse into the city and lit brother of Sunna snake for anger or hatred.
the beacon which summoned the Sintram German Sipapu North American
Greeks back. a knight the hole or cave from which the
Sinopa North American He became a devoted follower of ancestors of the Shoshone or Zuni
an Algonquian girl Dietrich von Bern when the hero Indians emerged
sister of Bearskin Woman and rescued him from a dragon. By extension, this name is applied to
Okinai Sintu (see Shinto) the hole in the floor of the kiva, the
Her elder sister married a grizzly bear sinurgh (see simurgh) underground ceremonial room.
which was killed by her angry family. Sio Calakoq North American sipar Hindu
She then became a bear and killed all a Hopi giant a shield, one of the weapons of Durga
her people except Sinopa and her six Sio Humis North American Sipe Pacific Islands
brothers who were away on a hunting a Hopi rain-god a magician in the Marianas
trip. To escape death at the hands of siod (see sid) brother of Saupe
the bear-woman, Okinai, the eldest Sioda Irish To honour their ancestor, the deity
brother, shot arrows carrying Sinopa mother of Eoghan Mor by Ailill Lugellan, the brothers instituted
and her other brothers high into the Olom festivals and built monuments, causing
sky. They became the constellation siodbrad (see corpan side) stones to fly into position by magic.
known as the Great Bear. Siofn Norse Sipe Gialmo Tibetan
Sinope Greek [Sjofn(a)] [Sipe Gyalmo]
a nymph a goddess of love, attendant on Frigga a Bon mother-goddess
When Apollo made advances to her, sioga (see si2) She is depicted with three eyes and
she asked a single favour before Sionan Irish six arms, riding a red mule.
accepting him. When the god agreed, [Sina(i)nn.Sinend] Sipe Gyalmo (see Sipe Gialmo)
she asked to be allowed to remain a a river-goddess siposo African
virgin all her life. daughter of Lodan a mythical missile wielded by a
Sins Sga’nagwai North American When she visited the Well of Know- sorcerer in Zambia
a supreme god of the Haida ledge in defiance of the prohibition on Sippia German
Indians such visits, the water rose up and [=Anglo-Saxon Sib]
Sinsar Irish flooded over. She ran westwards but a goddess
[King of the World.Sinsear] the water overtook her and she Sipra Indian
father of Borba drowned. The course which the water a sacred river
He took a large force to Ireland to followed became the Shannon. Sipylene Mesopotamian
help Midac in his struggle with the Siosire Egyptian an Anatolian mother-goddess
Fianna. Midac trapped Finn mac Cool a sorcerer-prince Sir Gawain and Carl of Carlisle
and some of the Fianna in the son of Setna British
Quicken Trees Hostel but the ford He claimed to be the ancient sorcerer, a 15th C story of the encounter
leading to the hostel was held by Horus, son of Paneshe, and was between Gawain and Carl
Dermot, Innsa, Fiachna and Fotla and known for defeating a Nubian Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
successive waves of attackers were sorcerer in a contest of magic. British
slaughtered. Finally, Sinsar himself Siovili Pacific Islands a 15th C poem relating the encounter
gathered the remaining warriors and chief priest of an eponymous cult between Gawain and Bercilak de
led an attack on the defenders of founded in Samoa Hautdesert
the ford. The rest of the Fianna Sipa Khorlo Buddhist (see Green Knight)
reached the ford at about the same the Tibetan Wheel of Life Sir Perceval de Galles British
time and a great battle ensued. Sinsar This is a device with three circles a 14th C story about the adventures
was killed by Oscar and the invaders setting out the cycle of existence, etc. of Percival
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 Sir-syv-kten Sisyphides

Sir-syv-kten (see Sir-syv-kudegen) history of past times. They were Sisimatailaa Pacific Islands
Sir-syv-kudegen Russian designed to withstand the ravages of son of the sun in the lore of
[Sir-syv-kten] fire or flood. the Tongans
a fertiliy deity of the Chuvash people Sirima Hindu On his marriage in Samoa, his father
Sirao East Indian one of the yakshas gave him two parcels, one of which
a creator-god Siris Mesopotamian must remain unopened until they
Sirara Mesopotamian [Siris] reached Tonga. His bride disobeyed
a Babylonian and Sumerian goddess a Babylonian god of feasting this instruction as they sailed back
Enki put her in charge of the Persian In some accounts Siris is female. to Tonga and the weight of all the
Gulf. sirite Irish things that emerged from the parcel
Sirash (see Siris) an elfman was enough to sink the boat and they
Sirat (see Al sirat) Sirius Greek both drowned.
Sirat Bani Hilali Arab the dog of Orion Sisinjori East Indian
a collection of stories of heroes He was placed as a star in the sky with in the lore of New Guinea, son of the
Siren Greek Orion. kangaroo, Amori
[‘binder’:plur=S(e)irenes] Sirl British He was born after the female
a monster, part woman, part seabird [=Greek Athena:=Roman Minerva] kangaroo, Amori, swallowed sperm
In some accounts the sirens were the a goddess found on the spot where the first
daughters of Phorcus and Calliope or Sirma Thakur Indian human couple mated.
Ceto while others say that they were [Lord of Heaven:=Munda Singbonga] Sisiri South American
fathered by Achelous or Phorcus on a supreme god of the Ho people son of Purrunaminari
either Melpomene or Terpsichore. Sirona Celtic Sisiutl North American
The number and names of the group [Dirona] a water-monster or rain-deity, in the
vary from one story to another and a goddess of healing or of springs lore of the Bella Coola Indians
may be given as Himeropa and in Gaul This monster had two or three heads,
Thelxiepeia; Leucosia, Ligea and wife of Grannus one of them human, and lived in a lake
Parthenope; Aglaophone, Molpe, Sirout North American in the sky. It could change into a fish
Peisinoe and Thelxiepeia. an ancestor of the Juaneno tribe and sometimes appeared on earth in
They were originally winged beings of California response to invocations.
but, when they were defeated by the husband of Yciaut Sislau
Muses in a music competition, they father of Ouiot a demon of poisons
lost their wings and took to the sea, Sirrush Mesopotamian Sison Thai
living on the island of Anthemoessa, a Babylonian scaly monster with a mythical king
where their songs charmed the crews parts of a bird, cheetah and lover of Thewi Suthat
of passing ships and lured them on to having claws on its 2 rear They had been lovers in several previous
the rocks. feet existences but never married until
Others say that they were originally Sirsir Mesopotamian they met again as king and princess.
maidens attendant on Core who were a name for Marduk as guardian He owned a magic sword which
changed into the form of sirens for of seamen could kill all the enemy forces which
failing to prevent Core’s abduction Sirtu (see Ishtar) saw the light reflected from its blade,
by Hades. Sirtur Mesopotamian provided that Sison had propitiated
In some accounts, when they failed a Babylonian goddess of sheep, the god Phra Sao. If he forgot, it was
to seduce Odysseus and his crew, an aspect of Ninsuna his own men who perished.
they jumped into the sea and were sisaok North American His horse, Tipaka, could fly his
drowned while others say that when among the Bella Coola Tribe, a dancer master instantaneously to wherever he
they failed to seduce the Argonauts, in a ceremony to commemorate wished to go.
being outsung by Orpheus, they the coming of the progenitors of Sispes Roman
jumped into the sea and were turned the tribe [Sospita]
into rocks. Sisera a local name for Juno
They are usually depicted as birds a demon of desire In this form, she is depicted as wearing
with human faces. sishana Hindu a goatskin and armed.
Sirene, La African the phallus as an object of worship Sisters of Long Life
consort of Agwé (see also lingam) (see Long Life Sisters)
sirenes (see siren) Sishupala (see Shishupala) Sisupala (see Shishupala)
Sirens, The English Sisianlik East Indian Sisuphos (see Sysyphus)
a long ode by R. L. Binyon published daughter of Timbehes Sisypheron Greek
in 1924 sister of Bangai and Lean a shrine to Sisyphus
Siriadic Columns Egyptian This family is regarded in New Guinea Sisyphides Greek
2 columns built by Thoth as the ancestors of the tribes. a name of Odysseus reflecting his
These columns, one brick, one stone, Sisillus British ingenuity and his relationship
had inscribed on their faces the an early king of Britain, some say to Sisyphus
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 Sisyphus siudleratuin

Sisyphus Greek She was said to have been born from a She is depicted with either three or
[Aeolides.Sisuphos] plough-furrow as an incarnation of seven eyes.
king of Corinth Lakshmi and was the wife of Rama, She is said to be a Chinese princess,
son of Aeolus and Enarete the seventh incarnation of Vishnu, Weng Cheng, who was deified.
brother of Athamas and Salmoneus although some accounts have her as a (see also White Tara).
husband of Merope consort of Indra and Parjanya. Rama Sitconsky (see Sitkonski)
father of Almus, Glaucus, Ornytion was said to have won her hand by Sith Norse
and Thersander winning an archery contest organised the second wife of Egil or Orvandel
father of Odysseus by Anticleia, by her father. mother of Uller
some say When she was carried off by Sithapishtim Mesopotamian
He is said to have founded Corinth, Ravana, the king of the demons, her in the story of Izdubar, the sage who
rearing a race from mushrooms to husband raised an attacking force directed him to the underworld
populate it and to have instituted the under Hanuman and raised the (see also Siduri)
Isthmian Games. demons’ fortress, killing Ravana. To Sithchean (see Sithchenn)
When Autolycus began stealing his prove that she had been faithful Sithcheann (see Sithchenn)
cattle, Sisyphus fixed lead markers during her captivity she invoked her Sithchenn Irish
inscribed ‘Stolen by Autolycus’ to dharma and was taken into a furrow [Sithchean(n)]
their hooves and was so able to prove in Mother Earth. a druid
the theft. In a variation of this story, Rama He worked as a smith and, when
He seduced Anticleia, daughter of rejected her when she became asked to foretell the future for Niall
Autolycus, on the morning of her pregnant, believing that she had slept and his brothers, he set fire to his
wedding to Laertes, either in revenge with Ravana, and sent her into exile forge and watched to see what they
for the theft of his cattle or, some say, where she gave birth to twin sons, would save from the blaze. Niall
with the connivance of Autolycus with Kusha and Lava. Despairing of rescued the anvil which led Sithchenn
whom he became friends. In this way, winning back her husband she prayed to prophesy that he would become a
he, rather than Laertes, became the to mother-earth for help. A golden high-king of Ireland.
father of Odysseus. throne rose out of the ground to In another test, he sent them into a
He raped Tyro, daughter of his receive her and she returned to the forest where they met a hideous hag at
brother Salmoneus, and she killed the earth she came from. a well. She would allow only the one
children born of this union. Sisyphus Yet another story says that Sita who kissed her to drink. Only Niall
persuaded the people that the infants underwent trial by fire but walked complied and she thereupon turned
were the result of incest between unharmed from the pyre due to the into a beautiful woman.
Tyro and her own father with the intervention of Agni. Sithon Greek
result that Salmoneus was banished (see also Tulsi.Vedavati) a king of Thrace
and Sisyphus took the throne. Sitabrahma Hindu father of Phyllis, in some accounts
He imprisoned Hades (or Thanatos) [White Brahma] Sitkonski North American
when he came to take him down to the one of the 8 Dharmapalas [Sitconsky]
underworld as punishment for the Sitala (see Shitala) a trickster-deity of the Assiniboine
rape of Tyro or for betraying the fact Sitalamata (see Shitala) Siton (see Dagan3)
that Zeus had abducted Aegina. He Sitamahakala Buddhist sitondo African
was handed over to Hades when the [Great White Lord] [Shepherd of the Clouds:
latter was freed by Ares but he talked a god of wealth plur=basitondo]
Persephone into releasing him. He was guardian of science a rain-maker in Zambia
eventually brought back to Tartarus one of the 8 Dharmapalas Sitri (see Sytry)
by Hermes and punished by being Sitamanjughosha Sits-by-the-door North American
condemned everlastingly to roll a huge (see Siddhaikaviramanjughosha) a Blackfoot maiden
stone up a mountain, only for it to roll Sitapatra Buddhist She was captured by Crows but the
back to the bottom just before he [Sitatapatra] wife of the brave by whom she had
reaches the top. a parasol-goddess been seized took pity on her and
In some accounts he is regarded as a an aspect of Vairocana helped her to escape. On the long
sun-god. one of the bodhisattvas journey back to her own people, she
Sisythos (see Xithuthros) She may be depicted with three heads would have died of hunger but for the
Sisythus (see Xithuthros) and three eyes. help of a wolf which followed her and
Sit (see Set) Sitatapatra (see Sitapatra) killed game to keep her alive.
Sita Hindu Sitatapatra-Aparajita Buddhist Situa South American
[‘furrow’.Seeta.Vedavati:=Javanese Sinta] a version of Sitapatra with 8 arms an Inca festival held in September
an earth-goddess Sitatara Tibetan This festival involved offerings to the
daughter of Janaka a Buddist-Lamaist goddess gods to avert sickness and disaster.
sister of Urmila a form of Tara Sitting Above (see Ababinili)
wife of Rama an aspect of Amoghasiddhi siudleratuin North American
mother of Kusha and Lava or Vairocana ghosts of the Inuit
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 Siugmall Skanda

Siugmall Irish The lowest division is hell. The others husband but she must choose by
[Siugmhall] are the realms of the brutes, men, looking only at their feet. She hoped to
grandson of Midir demi-gods and gods, plus one known choose Balder but got Niord. She was
brother of Mormhaol as Yi-dag for a race of beings with large unhappy in the warmth of Noatun and
He and his brother killed Eochaid stomachs and thin necks. so they moved to her old home,
Airemh and fired his castle. (see also Sipa Karlo.Wheel of Law) Thrymheim. Niord hated the cold and
Siugmhall (see Siugmall) sixth sense they finally separated although some
Sius Mesopotamia (see extra sensory perception) stories say that they merely alternated
a Hittite sun-god (see also Istanu) Siyakmak (see Siyamak) between her home and his, every three
Siva1 Slav Siyamak Persian days. She is said to have married Odin,
[=Lithuanian Seeva] [Siyakmak] bearing his son, Saeming; in other
a goddess of love a primordial being accounts she married Uller, god of
Siva2 (see Shiva) son of Mashje and Mashyane winter, after leaving Niord.
Sivini Armenian son of Gayomart, some say When Loki was finally captured and
[=Hittite Istanu:=Hurrian Simigi: consort of Nashak bound, she placed over his head the
=Urartian Siwini] father of Fravak, Fravakain, Guzhak serpent that constantly dripped venom
a sun-god and Hoshang on him.
hero of the aborigines Siyamak was said to be the first king She is depicted as a huntress in
Sivirri Australian and was killed in battle with Angra armour, short-skirted and bearing
a culture-hero in Cape York Manya. a spear.
He is regarded as the inventor of the Siyavahsh (see Siyawush) In some accounts Skadi is male and
drum and is said to have built the first Siyavarshan (see Siyawush) Niord is female.
canoe. In some accounts he is regarded Siyawush Persian skagi North American
as a thunder-god. [Siyavahsh.Siyavarshan] a medicine-man of the Haida
Sivottama Hindu son of Kay Kaus and Sudabe skald Norse
a minor god His stepmother made advances which [scald]
one of the vidyesvaras he rejected and she told her husband a bard
Siwa1 Pacific Islands that his son had tried to rape her. The The skalds were the authors of the Eddas.
[=East Indies Mahatala.Panji: young man fled from the court but Skaldatal (see Skaldskaparmal)
=India Shiva:=Philippines Bathala. was killed by Afrasiyab. Skaldskaparmal Norse
Mahacabatara:=Sea-Dayak Petara] Sizajazel [Skaldatal]
the Pacific version of Shiva an angel, ruler of the Zodiacal sign part of the Younger Edda, a book
guardian of the east Sagittarius, the archer about the skalds and their poetry
consort of Prawati Sjarr (see Siarr) Skamandrios (see Astyanax)
Siwa2 (see Amonium) sjen Slav Skamandros (see Scamander)
Siwa Mahayogi (see Mahayogi) [sjenovik] Skamba (see Skambha)
Siwah (see Amonium) the soul of a man or an animal acting Skambha Hindu
Siward Norse as the spirit controlling features such [Skamba:=Greek Atlas]
a hero-warrior as forests and mountains a name for Purusha in his role
Odin healed his wounds in return for sjenovik (see sjen) supporting the universe
the dedication of the slain to the gods. Sjofn (see Siofn) Skan North American
Siwini Mesopotamian Sjofna (see Siofn) [‘sky’]
[=Armenian Sivini:=Hurrian Simigi: Sjora (see Sjoran) one of the 4 Superior Gods of
=Hittite Istanu] Sjoradare (see Sjoran) the Sioux
a Urartian sun-god Sjoran Swedish an aspect of Wakan Tanka
Six Cib Central American [Sjora(dare):=Norse Ran] Skanda Hindu
the sixth day of the 20 days a malevolent sea-spirit [‘attacker’.Gajavahana.K(a)umara.
of the Mayan creation Skade (see Skadi) Karttikaya.Karttikeya.Subra(h)manya:
cycle Skadhi (see Skadi) =Greek Ares:=Tamil Gajavahana.Seyon]
On this day light appeared. Skadi Norse a war-god and god of Mars
(see also Cib) [Skade.Skad(h}i.Skathi] son of Shiva and Parvati
Six Honoured Ones (see Liu Tsung) a giantess consort of Devasena, Kumari
Six Muluc Central American goddess of winter and Valli
the nineteenth day of the 20 one of the Asynjur father of Naigameya, Sena, Sakha
days of the Mayan creation daughter of Thiassi and Visakha
cycle wife of Niord, Odin or Uller He was said to have been generated
On this day all created things were mother of Frey and Freya, some say after thousands of years from a huge
given life. (see also Muluc) When her father was killed in pile of semen left over when Shiva and
Six Species Buddhist Asgard, she demanded that the gods Parvati reduced their love-making.
the 6 main divisions of the compensate her for the loss. They Some say that his father was Agni and
Tibetan Wheel of Life offered any one of their number as a his mother was either Ganga, Parvati
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 Skandar Skrymsli

or Uma, while others say that he was Skidbladner (see Skidbladnir) Skobeleff Russian
created to defeat the demon, Taraka. Skidbladnir Norse a sleeping hero awaiting recall in the
He is depicted with six faces and [Skidbladner.Skioblaonir.Skithblathnir] hour of his country’s need
twelve arms, riding the peacock, Frey’s ship Skofnung Norse
Paravani. (see also Karttikeya) This magic ship, built by the dwarf the magic sword of the Danish king,
Skandar Norse Dvalin and presented to the gods by Hrolf Krakki
a dwarf, one of the Lovar Loki, was capable of expanding to skogsfru Norse
Skarp-Hedin Norse carry all the gods but could be folded [=Danish skogsnufa:=Swedish skogsra]
son of Njal and Bergthora up and carried in the pocket. a female wood-spirit
brother of Grim, Helga, Helgi Skidbrim Norse These beings are said to be drawn to
and Thorgerd [Skeidbrimnir] camp-fires at night and try to lure
It was he who had earlier killed Thrain, a horse of the gods away the young men.
one of the Sigfussons, so starting the Skidd (see Sceaf) skogsnufa Danish
feud that led to the slaughter of his Skiddr (see Sceaf) [=Norse skogsfru:=Swedish skogsra]
kinsmen. Skidskegg Norse a female wood-spirit
He died with the rest of the a name for Odin referring to his skogsra Swedish
Njalsson clan when they were trapped long beard [=Danish skogsnufa:=Norse skogsfru]
in their house, Bergthorsknoll, which Skili North American a female wood-spirit
was burnt to the ground by Flosi and in the lore of the Cherokee, skogsradare (see metsanhaltia)
his men but, before he died, Skarp- evil witches skogsyungfru (see metsanaitsyt)
Hedin killed Gunnar, one of the These beings were said sometimes to Skogul Norse
attacking force, by hurling at him the appear at night in the form of owls. one of the Valkyries
jawbone which he had cut from the Skinfaxi Norse Skolawn (see Sceolan)
head of Thrain and kept. a horse drawing the chariot of Dag, Skoll Norse
Skate Icelandic god of daylight (see also Ringfaxi) a wolf
the Icelandic version of Scyld Skioblaonir (see Skidbladnir) offspring of Fenris and
father of Bele Skiold (see Sceaf) Gollweig
Skate Woman North American Skiolding (see Skjolding) one of the Varns
a spirit in the lore of the Yurok Skirflir Norse This animal was one of the wolves
tribe a dwarf, one of the Lovar which pursued the sun and moon,
When the original race, known as the Skirnir1 Norse trying to swallow them. When he and
Woge, finally died out, Skate Woman a servant of Frey Hati succeeded in this, an eclipse
carried their creator to another land When Frey fell in love with Gerda, ensued. They fed on the marrow from
somewhere over the sea. Skirnir volunteered to woo her on his the bones of dead criminals. As crime
Skatha Irish master’s behalf in return for Frey’s increased they grew stronger and in
[Scathach] magic sword. Riding Bludog-hofi and the final days they overtook the sun
a warrior-maid carrying the sword, the magic ring and moon and swallowed them finally.
daughter of Ard and Greimne Draupnir, some golden apples and a Skoyo North American
sister of Aifa reflected image of Frey, he rode to man-eating monsters, in the lore of
mother of Cuare and Uathach Jotunheim and persuaded Gerda to the Pueblo Indians
She lived in the Land of Shadows and marry his master. Skrata (see Skritek)
taught Cuchulainn and many others It was he who fetched the magic Skratti Icelandic
the arts of war. fetter Gelgia from the realm of the [=German Scrat]
Skathi (see Skadi) dwarfs to fasten the wolf Fenris to an imp or devil
Skeaf (see Sceaf) the rock. Skritek Slav
Skegg-Brodi Norse Skirnir2 Norse [Skrata.Skrzat(ek).Skrzot]
son of Thorstein in some accounts, a name for a Slovene spirit of the household
He grew up to become an even greater Svipdag This being is depicted as a boy wearing
hero than his father. Skirnis-For Norse a crown.
Skeidbrimnir (see Skidbrim) [Quest of Skirnir] Skrymir Norse
Skena (see Scena) a story in the Elder Edda about the [Vasty]
Skialdarass Norse wooing of Gerda by Skirnir a lord of the Frost Giants
[Skjaldarass] Skithblathnir (see Skidbladnir) He was an illusion created by the frost-
a name for Uller as shield-god Skjaldarass (see Skialdarass) giants to perplex Thor when he and
Skialdmeyjar Norse Skjaldmeyjar (see Skialdmeyjar) Loki travelled to Jotunheim.
[Skjaldmeyjar] Skjold (see Sceaf) (see also Utgard-Loki)
shield-maidens: Valkyries Skjolding Norse Skrymsli Norse
Skialf Norse [Skiolding] a giant
wife of Agni a deity He won a wager with a peasant and
a name of Freya in Sweden a descendant of Odin’s son, demanded the peasant’s son as a prize
She killed her husband with her necklace. Skjold (Sceaf) but agreed to forfeit the prize if the
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 Shrzat Smicrus

father could hide the child. Odin Skylla (see Scylla) In some accounts, this animal had only
changed the boy into a grain of Slaalekam (see Quaaqua) one eye.
wheat hidden in an ear of corn in a Slagfidr (see Slagfinn) Slemuin Irish
wheat-field; Hoenir changed him into Slagfin (see Slagfinn) a bull owned by Morrigan
a small down feather and concealed Slagfinn1 Norse Sliabh Mos (see Sleemish)
him in the breast of a swan; Loki [Slagfidr.Slagfin] Slid Norse
changed him into a fish-egg hidden in son of Badi [Slith]
the roe of a fish swimming in the brother of Egil and Volund a river in Niflheim filled with swords,
ocean: in every case, the giant found When the swan-maidens, Alvit, Olrun one of the 12 rivers known
the boy. On the last occasion, the boy and Svanhvit, flew to earth to bathe as Elivagar
ran off and, chasing after him, they left their wings on the shore. Slidrugtanni Norse
Skrymsli ran head-first into a pointed Slagfinn and his brothers seized the one of the 2 boars that drew
stake cunningly placed by Loki and wings and kept the maidens as their Frey’s chariot
was killed. wives for nine years before, homesick, In some accounts, this animal is the
Shrzat (see Skritek) they recovered their wings and flew same as Gullinbursti.
Skrzatek (see Skritek) away. Slagfinn searched in vain for his slide-rock bolter North American
Skrzot (see Skritek) wife. a fabulous animal
sKu-ina-rgyal-po Slagfinn2 (see Ivald) Slieve Fuad Irish
(see Mahapancharaja) Slagfinn-Giuki (see Hiuki) the home of Lir
sKui-i-rgyal-po Tibetan Slaigne (see Slaine) Slieve Gallion Irish
one of the Panchmaharajas Slaine1 Irish the mountain home of Culann
king of the body [Slaigne] It was here that Finn was put under a
He is depicted riding a white lion. a physician spell by Milucra.
Skuld Norse son of Partholan Slievenamon Irish
[Skuldr] Slaine2 (see Slane) a fairy mountain
one of the 3 Norns – the future, Slaine the Firbolg Irish Slith (see Slid)
necessity daughter of Mimir, some [Slaigne] sliver cat North American
say son of Dela a fabulous animal
Skuld sometimes rode with the brother of Morca sLob-dpon (see Rinpochhe)
Valkyries. She is depicted as veiled and He was the first high-king of Ireland. slogute Baltic
holding an unopened book. Slane Irish a Lithuanian spirit: a nightmare
Skuldr (see Skuld) [Spring of Health.(Tiopra) Slaine] sluagh Scottish
Skulla (see Scylla) the magic well of Dian Cecht a fairy race, souls of the
Skulle (see Scylla) This well (or spring) was reputed to be dead, seen fighting in the
Skunk North American able to restore dead and dying warriors sky
a character in Navaho lore immersed in its waters. The Fomoire, Sma Egyptian
In a typical Tar-baby story, Skunk got led by Ostriallach, prevented this by an amulet worn as a love-charm
stuck to a dummy which he had kicked piling rocks over the spring. smallback
while engaged in stealing corn. Slanting Eyes (see Tsul Kalu) a name for death
Sky Elk North American Slaughterbridge British sMan Bla Tibetan
a sky-spirit of the Iroquois a site on Bodmin Moor said to (one of the) Buddhas of
Sky Father1 North American be the site of the Battle of medicine
[Father Sky] Camlan Smara Hindu
the supreme deity of the Pueblo tribes Slave of the Wheel (see Mogh Ruith) a name for Kama as ‘memory’
husband of Earth-Mother Sleemish Irish smashana Hindu
father of One Alone [Sliabh Mos] the place where Shiva dances
Sky Father2 Pacific Islands the site of Curoi’s fortress Smertrios Celtic
a creator-god It was said that the entrance to this [Smertullos]
Sky Father3 (see Jupiter.Mixcoatl) fort, which would revolve on Curoi’s a god of war in Gaul
Sky People North American command, could never be found after Smertullos (see Smertrios)
the inhabitants of a supposed dark. Smicrus Greek
Otherworld in the heavens Sleep Heaven African a servant of Patron
Sky Woman (see Ataensic) the sixth of the 7 heavens of the father of Branchus
Sky Youth North American Bambara, used as a store for secrets He and some other servants caught a
a sky-spirit of the Kwakiutl Sleep-joy Norse swan and gave it to their master,
The cannibalistic female, Tsonqua, a name for night whereupon it turned into a woman
fell in love with Sky Youth when she Sleetcold Norse who told Patron that Smicrus would
saw a reflection of him in a pool but the palace of Hel bring him good fortune because, it
he was appalled by her advances and Sleipnir Norse was said, he was descended from
killed her. the eight-legged horse of Odin Apollo. Patron gave Smicrus his
Skyamsen (see Thunderbird2.3) offspring of Loki and Svadilfare daughter as wife.
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 Smieragatto
Smieragatto Baltic
[=Finnish Para:=Scandinavian Buttercat]
a Lappish spirit in the form of a cat
This spirit is said to bring its owner
butter, cream and milk.
Smilax Greek
a nymph
When she rejected the love of Crocus
the gods changed him into a flower
of that name.
Smintheus (see Sminthius)
Sminthian (see Sminthius)
Sminthius Greek
[Smitheus.Smithian]
a name for Apollo as guardian
against mice
Smirgat (see Smirnat)
Smirnat Irish
[Smirgat]
daughter of Fothadh Canainne
wife of Finn mac Cool, in some accounts
She warned Finn that, if he ever drank
from a horn, he would die.
Smohala North American
a 19th C shaman
He founded the cult of the Dreamers
in the early part of the century.
Another shaman, Moses, attacked him
and thought he had killed him but
Smohala survived and was rescued
from the river.
He took advantage of this episode
to claim that he had, in fact, been
drowned, had gone to heaven where
his spirit had talked with the Great
Spirit and had been sent back to earth
to spread the Great Spirit’s teachings.
Smok (see Zmek)
Smoking Mirror (see Tezcatlipoca)
Smoking Mountain North American
a Metis hunter
brother of Broken War Club
Smoking Mountain and his brother,
Broken War Club, met a very hairy
and very strong person called Little
Man and together they went looking
for adventure. One day Broken War
Club stayed in the lodge they had
found to do the cooking and the other
pair went hunting. When they
returned, Broken War Club was still
moaning from a beating he had
received from a tiny dwarf and the
same thing happened next day to
Smoking Mountain. Little Man stayed
home the next day and killed the ugly
dwarf who came out from a deep hole.
They lowered first Broken War Club
and then Smoking Mountain into
the hole in a kettle on a rope and they
were scared by the noises they heard
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so Little Man went down. He was
attacked successively by monsters with
two, then three and finally four heads
and killed all three of them. He
rescued the three girls the monsters
had kept locked up and sent them up
in the kettle together with much
plunder from the monsters’ home.
When it was his turn to go up, Broken
War Club cut the rope and they left
him to die but he managed to climb
out. For helping them to settle an
argument, a wasp, a worm and a
woodpecker each gave him the power
to assume their shape. He soon
overtook the fleeing men and killed
Broken War Club, sending Smoking
Mountain packing and keeping the
girls and the treasure for himself.
Smol Irish
a king of Greece
When the Nemdians were decimated
by plague and oppressed by the
Fomoire, they appealed to Smol for
help and he sent supplies and an army
to help them.
Smrti Buddhist
a minor god
Smulkin British
[Snulbug]
a demon in King Lear
Smyrna (see Myrrha)
Snade Teched Irish
father of Mac Cecht
Snaer (see Snoer)
Snaggletooth Woman
(see Kokumthena)
Snail Maiden (see Nü Wa)
snake
a scaly, legless reptile with a forked
tongue, sometimes venomous
This reptile, often under the name
of serpent, appears in many
mythologies.
(1) In African lore the snake is
often depicted with its tail in its
mouth as a symbol of eternity.
(see also ourobos)
(2) In the East Indies they say
that a woman’s menstruation is
produced from a snake inside her
body and that babies are produced
from the snake’s body.
The Dayaks believe that their
ancestors are reincarnated as
snakes and so refuse to kill them.
In Sumatra, Naga Pahoda appears
as a serpent in the primaeval waters.
Some tribes believe that, if a
snake enters a house, the person
who sees it first will die.
951
Snake King, The
(3) In Hindu tradition the snake
(naga) is a sacred animal. It is said
to take many forms and is
described as having a navel in its
forehead. Some say that the nagas
can mate with humans.
(4) In Muslim lore, an evil spirit, in
the form of a snake, lives inside a
woman’s body.
(5) Norse stories include the snakes
Ofrir and Svafnir who were
continuously gnawing at the twigs
of the world-tree, Yggdasril.
(6) In North America, the Navaho
snake-spirit was involved in a plan
with Bear, Frog and Turtle to
capture two maidens from an
underwater village but the plan
went awry and the two girls were
killed. Frog and Turtle were lucky
to escape with their lives but Bear
and Snake fared better. This pair
captured two girls who were
overcome by the smoke from the
kidnappers’ pipes which made
Snake and Bear appear as
handsome braves with whom the
girls mated. One of the girls, Glipsa,
escaped when Snake reverted to
his former shape but he later
found her and, once again as a
young man, wooed her. He taught
her many things, including the
Hozoni chant, and eventually
allowed her to return to her own
people.
(7) In Sumeria, the snake was
regarded as a sacred animal. They
say that it acquired the ability to
slough its skin when it swallowed
the ‘Never-grow-old’ plant which
it stole from Gilgamesh.
snake2 (see Naga.Nidhogg.Rainbow
Snake.White Snake of Hangchow)
Snake Clan Woman North American
a spirit of the Hopi
She was with Sand Altar Woman when
the latter suffered a miscarriage.
Snake Dance North American
a fertility rite of the Hopi
This ceremony, used to bring rain and
fertility to the land, involves live
snakes and represents the marriage of
Snake Youth, a sky-spirit, and Snake
Girl, a spirit of the underworld.
Snake Girl North American
a snake-spirit of the Hopi
She is regarded as an ancestor of the
Hopi and also of many reptiles.
Snake King, The
(see Ch’ang Hao.She Wang)
 Snake People Sodza

Snake People North American Snor Norse Sobi-Si West Indian

in the lore of the Navaho, wife of Karl a Haitian voodoo spirit depicted
a race who lived in the underworld, She and Kane were regarded as the as a soldier
one of whom abducted Glipsa founders of the class of husbandmen. Sobk (see Sebek)
snake-stone (see ammonite) Snorri Sturluson Norse Sobrino European
Snake Woman (see Cihuacoatl) [Snorro Sturleson.Sturlason] a Saracen
Snake Youth North American (c 1178-1242) a counsellor of Agramant
a sky-spirit of the Hopi an Icelandic poet and historian When Agramant’s forces withdrew
Snallygaster North American He was the compiler of the from France to relieve the besieged
[Snoligoster] Younger Edda (1220) and author of capital, Biserta, Sobrino, Agramant
a monster in Maryland Heimskringla. and Gradisso challenged Florismart,
This beast is envisaged as a huge He was murdered when he upset the Oliver and Roland to combat to
reptile-like bird which carries off king of Norway. settle their differences. He was badly
children at night. Snorter, The (see Hang) wounded in the fight which was
sNam-gsal-ma (see Dipa) Snotra Norse won by the Christians. He was taken
Snarayatra Hindu the goddess of virtue, attendant with the wounded Oliver, by Roland
a festival in honour of Jagannath on Frigga and Rinaldo to an island where a
Snavidka Persian Snow Lodge North American hermit cured them both. This hermit
a sleet-demon [Snow Tepee.Yellow Paint Lodge] had earlier baptised Rogero and
This being was killed by Keresaspa. a magic tepee given to now converted Sobrino to the
Snedgus Irish Sacred Otter by Estonea- Christian faith.
a priest pesta Sochla Irish
He and Mac Riagla went on a Snow Maiden, The wife of Carthach
voyage that took them to many (see Snegurotchka) mother of Molua
wonderful places. Snow Queen Sochos (see Souchos)
Snegurotchka Russian (see Devi.Haimavati.Parvati. Socht Irish
[The Snow Maiden] Queen of Northgales) son of Fitheal
When she fell in love with a mortal, snow snake North American He who owned a sword formerly
Lel the shepherd, she emerged from a fabulous snake owned by Cuchulainn. When his
the cold forest and perished in the heat This venomous, pink-eyed snake has a grandfather was killed by Duibhdhriu
of the sun-god, Yarilo. white body and hence is virtually with Socht’s sword, the killer was
Snenanth Roman invisible to its enemies when there is ordered to pay compensation to Socht.
an Italian deity snow on the ground. Socht’s sword Irish
Sneneik (see Tsonqua) Snow Tepee (see Snow Lodge) a sword formerly owned by Cuchulainn
Sneneikulala (see Tsonqua) snow wassel North American This wonderful sword once belonged
Sno-Nysoa African a fabulous animal to Cuchulainn and came down to
the creator-god of Liberia Snow Woman (see Yuki-onna) Socht. It was once stolen by
Snoer Norse Snulbug (see Smulkin) Duibhdhriu who used it to kill Socht’s
[Snaer] Snulk’ulxa’Is North American grandfather. As the result of a
a god of snow a primaeval god of the Bella judgment by Fitheal, the sword was
a Frost giant Coola Indians given to Cormac mac Airt.
son of Thrym snydal North American It was said that the sword could split
brother of Drifta, Frosti and Jokul a fabulous animal a man in half and one half of the body
Snoligoster (see Snallygaster) So African would be unaware that anything
Snookum North American a weather-god of the Ewe untoward had happened to the other
an evil spirit in the lore of the Chinook people half until they fell apart. It was also
Snoqalm North American He is regarded as an aspect of Sodza said that it could split a hair floating
a sky-god of the tribes of and Sogben in combination. on water. (see also Amelias)
the north-west (see also Xewioso) Socothbenoth
Snoqalm kept all the light in a box. So-at-sa-ki (see Soatsaki) a demon said to take possession
Spider wove a rope for Snoqalm to So-no-hagaham Japanese of humans
descend to earth but, while he was a rope Sodasi Hindu
there, Beaver climbed up the rope and This rope was used by Omitsumu to tow a minor goddess
stole the box, hanging the sun in the parts of Korea across the sea to increase the a sakti of Shiva
sky as he climbed down again. size of his own kingdom. Sodem (see Sotem)
Other versions say that it was Fox Soatsaki North American Sodric British
who climbed the rope, changed into [Feather Woman.So-at-sa-ki] a leader of the Picts in Arthurian
Beaver and returned to earth with a Blackfoot maiden lore
trees as well as fire. Snoqalm, in his wife of Apisuahts Sodza African
haste to catch the intruder, fell to mother of Poia (see also Scarface) a sky-god of the Hua
earth and was killed. Sobek (see Sebek) With Sogblen, he is regarded as So.
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 Sodzu Baba Soley

Sodzu Baba Japanese the universe and fought many battles Solanang Pacific Islands
[Old Woman of the Three Roads] with him. Miruk finally abandoned the a deity who appeared in both
a woman receiving the souls world and returned to the heavens. male and female forms
of the dead Sokkvabekk (see Sokvabek) Solanus Roman
wife of Ten Datsu-Ba Sokkvabekkr (see Sokvabek) [=Greek Ap(h)eliotes]
She demands money from all who Soko1 African a wind from the north-east quarter
arrive at her home on the bank of the [Tsoche] solar bark Egyptian
River of Three Roads and, if it is not a creator-god of the Nupe the boat in which the sun-god
paid, takes their garments. people Ra, or a dead pharaoh, travelled
(see also Shozuka Baba) Soko2 Japanese through the underworld
Soft-Rot Pacific Islands a guardian god There is general agreement that there
one of the 8 Spitters (see Spitter1) He and Fukaotso were derived were two such boats, one used during
Soga Sadayoshi Japanese from Kongorikishi. the day, the other at night, but less
a silkworm breeder Soko-no-kuni Japanese agreeement as to what they were
She made a silk cap to keep warm the a name for the underworld, called. Some say the day-boat was
head of an image of Jizo. When she Yomi-tsu-kuni, as ‘the hollow Manjet, others that it was Meseket
died, Jizo himself interceded on her land’ (Mesektet, Mesenktet, Me’enzet) or
behalf with Emma-O, god of the dead, Sokogba African Semketet, while some say that the
and she was returned to life. a Nupe god of anger night-boat was Meseket or Semketet.
Sogblen African Sokozutsumo Japanese Solario European
a messenger-god of the Hua a sea and fish-god a nephew of Gaudisso
Acting with Sodza, he is regarded Sokumapi North American This name was used by Sherasmin
as So. a Blackfoot brave when he went to Gaudisso’s court to
Sogbo African He was captured by a bear who taught rescue Huon.
a storm-god and god of fire him the arts of magic and instructed solarism
of the Fon people him to make a spear decorated with over-reliance on sun-myths as an
son of Lisa and Mawu parts of a bear and eagle feathers. explanation of mythology
brother of Sagbata When Sokumapi returned to his tribe, Solarljod Norse
He set fire to the earth with his he made such a spear, the power of [Song of the Sun]
lightning but Otuto, the songbird, which routed the Crows who attacked a Christianised poem in the
gave the alarm and Mawa sent the rain his tribe and he became a a famous Elder Edda
to put out the flames. war-chief. Solas
In some accounts, Sogbo is Sokvabek Norse [Stolas]
synonymous with Mawu who, con- [Sokkvabekk(r)] a demon
fusingly, is female and the mother of the home of Odin and Saga, goddess one of the 72 Spirits of Solomon
Agbe. Others say that Sogbo is the of history He is said to have wide knowledge of
same as Agbe. This crystal palace was built under the herbs and astrology and appears in the
sogpu (see Abominable Snowman) waters of a clear stream, the ‘stream of form of a raven.
Sohodo-No-Kami Japanese time and events’. Solbon (see Tsholbon)
a Shinto god of scarecrows, guardian Sol1 British Soldan British
of fields a warrior at King Arthur’s court a king in Spenser’s The Faerie Queene
Sohrab Persian He was said to be able to stand all day husband of Aducia
[Suhrab] on one foot and was one of the party When Arthur exposed his shield, the
son of Rustem and Tamine that accompanied Culhwch in his king’s horses were so terrified that they
He was born after Rustem left Tamine quest for the hand of Olwen. overturned his chariot and he was torn
and so did not know his father. In later Sol2 Norse to pieces.
years, they met in combat and the a sun-goddess Solday
father unwittingly killed his own son. daughter of Mundilfoeri [Shabbathai]
Soido (see Sido) sister of Mani a demon associated with the planet
Sojo-bo Japanese wife of Glaur Saturn and Saturday
a storm-demon, leader of the wife of Ivald, some say Soldier of Spain (see Miles Hispaniae)
Tengu mother of Iduna, some say Solemn Ones (see Furies)
Sokar (see Seker) She guided the chariot of the sun on Soleuiel (see Soleviel)
Sokai (see Seker) its journey through the heavens. Soleviel
Sokaris Greek In some accounts she is called Sunna. [Soleueil]
[Soucharis] Sol3 Roman a demon
the Greek name for Seker [Sol Indiges.Sol Invictus:=Greek Helius] Soley Norse
Sokka Korean the sun-god: a name for Mithra a princess
[=Buddhist Shakyamuni] Sol4 (see Apollo.Helius) daughter of Visivald
the force of evil personifed Sol Indiges (see Sol3) sister of Gullbra
He appeared after Miruk had created Sol Invictus (see Sol3) half-sister of Hiarandi
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 Solitary Youth
She promised to marry the slave Gol if
he would kill an unwanted suitor but,
when he did what she asked, she
changed places with a servant-girl who
married Gol in her place. She then left
the court and went into the remote
area of the country where Vilmund
lived. He found her lost shoe and, after
many adventures with Hiarandi,
returned her to her family.
Solitary Youth
[Mac(h)aomh an Uaignis]
son of the Vagrant Youth by
a princess of Orkney
Soloman (see Saloman)
Solomon1 Muslim
king of the world, animals and spirits:
a dragon-slayer
He killed Jarada’s father but she
nevertheless married him and
persuaded him to worship her father’s
image, whereupon god stripped him of
his magic powers.
These powers were invested in a
ring made of twelve jewels presented
by the four animals, the four angels
and the four spiritual beings who
paid homage to Solomon when he
became king. Each of these stones
bore a secret mark or character. When
he finally recovered the ring, his
powers returned and he forced Jarada
to convert to Islam.
It was said that he travelled on a
flying carpet which was supported
by jinns who were so huge and
ugly that they frightened all into
accepting Islam.
Solomon2 (see Saloman)
Solon Greek
one of the Seven Sages
Solonga loa West Indian
a group of Haitian voodoo spirits
based on the deities of the Congo
Solophine West Indian
a Haitian voodoo spirit
Solyman European
a Saracen king
In Jerusalem Delivered, this king fought
bravely but was killed by Rinaldo.
Solymans (see Solymi)
Solymi Greek
[Solymans.Solymoi]
a warrior race
Solymi (see Solymi)
soma1 Hindu
[sudha(n)]
a drink of the gods, later personified
as a god
In some accounts, soma is the same as
amrita, though others regard amrita
EABC8972-576D-4878-8C33-C9EBD9D6F5A9
as a food, soma as a drink. Some say
that it was the juice of a climbing
plant, others that (like amrita) it was
created at the Churning of the Ocean,
still others that it fell as rain when
the gods pressed it through holes in
a celestial sieve.
One story says that soma was
present in the heavens before the gods
lived there and was retrieved by the
children of Suparni.
The gods placed soma in the hands
of the archer Gandharva for safe-
keeping but he was unable to prevent
Agni, in the form of a hawk, from
seizing it. (see also amrita.jambu)
Soma2 Hindu
[Chandra.Orb of Night.Oshadhi-Pati.
Prajapati.Syenabhrita]
a name for Chandra
son of Atri and Anasuya
son of Parjanya, some say
husband of Rohina or Suryaa
father of Bharda and Durvasas
the divine drink personified
In some accounts he married the many
daughters of Daksha who cursed him
when he neglected them. As Soma
became weaker as a result of the curse,
all the creatures on earth became
weaker as well until Daksha was forced
to lighten the curse. Now the moon,
ruled by Soma, weakens and recovers
every month. (see also Chandra)
Somadeva Hindu
an 11th C writer, author
of Katha-Sarit-Sagara
Somanatha Hindu
a name of Shiva as Lord of the Moon
Somapa Hindu
the spirit of Brahma, a class of Priti
Somaskanda Hindu
an aspect of Shiva
somatomancy
divination using parts of the
human body
Somavita Hindu
a moon-goddess
Sombre Warrior (see Kuei Shen)
Someone Powerful North American
a Cherokee name for the
creator-spirit
somhlth Irish
[soulth.sowlth]
a shapeless supernatural being
(see also samhailt)
Somin-Shorai Japanese
a god of hospitality
brother of Kotan-Shorai
He gave hospitality he could ill
afford to the god Buto who appeared
954
Son of the Spear
in the guise of a beggar. The god
rewarded him with a straw rope which,
when placed across the doorway of
the house, protected the occupants
from disease.
Sommonacodum Thai
a saviour god
Somnus Roman
[=Greek Hupnus.Hypnus]
the god of sleep
son of Nyx
twin brother of Mors
Somtus (see Harsomtus)
Son Norse
a bowl, ‘expiation’
This was one of the three vessels into
which the dwarfs Fialar and Galar
drained the blood of Kvasir, whom they
had killed to obtain his knowledge,
from which they brewed the magic
drink which endowed all who drank it
with the power of poetry and music.
Another was known as Boden.
Son-Gon Korean
son of a nobleman
He dreamed about a heavenly maiden
who later became his wife and they had
two children. While Son-Gon was
away from home, a servant-girl named
Mewol, who had been Son-Gon’s
mistress, told his parents that his wife
had been unfaithful to him. They
treated her so cruelly that she killed
herself with a dagger but, though her
spirit returned to heaven, her body
remained as fresh as ever and, when
Mewol confessed her wicked lies and
repented, Son-Gon’s wife was allowed
to return to her husband.
Son of Ammon (see Alexander4)
Son of Heaven1 Chinese
the ruler of China, regarded as a deity
Son of Heaven2 (see Tenshi)
Son of Light North American
a hero of Hopi myths
When his wife was abducted by Man-
Eagle, Son of Light set out to recover
her. With the help of Spider Woman,
a mole and several birds, he reached
Man-Eagle’s lair and defeated him in
several contests of magic in the last of
which Man-Eagle was burned to
death. Spider Woman restored the
ashes to a young man who undertook
to mend his ways.
Son of Svarog (see Dabog)
Son of the Hazel (see Mac Cool)
Son of the Lion (see Shih-tzu-pi-ch’iu.
Singhalaputra)
Son of the Plough (see Mac Cecht)
Son of the Spear (see Mac an Luin)
 Son of the Waves Sophocles

Son of the Waves (see Dylan) a handsome young man and carried in the battle. The pigskin (or, in
Son of Three Dogs Irish off several maidens who had been some accounts, Lugh’s magic cloak)
[Mac na Tri Con] involved in lewd dancing, Sonobé was could have healed them but Lugh
a name given to Lugaid, son of Curoi sent by his master to tell Yenoki that refused to let them use it.
This name arose because his mother the tree in which his spirit lived (see also Tri de Dana)
was said to have slept with Conall would be cut down unless he stopped Sons of Usna Irish
Cearnach and Cuchulainn, as well as seizing the village girls. Yenoki told [Sons of Usnech]
her husband. (see also Lugaid2) Senobé where he could find the girls, the brothers Ainle, Ardan and Naisi
Sondenach (see Sondennath) who had been tied to trees, and he Ainle and Ardan accompanied Naisi
Sondennath released them. and Deidre when they eloped to
[Sondenach] Sons of Aymon European Scotland and died with him when
an evil demon, depicted as a huntsman [Four Sons of Aymon] Conor mac Nessa had all three of
Song of God (see Bhagavad-Gita) these are given as Alardo, Guichard, the brothers killed when they returned
Song of Govinda (see Gita-Govinda) Ricardo and Rinaldo to Ireland.
Song of Hiawatha North American Sons of Bor Norse Sons of Usnech (see Sons of Usna)
a long poem by Longfellow relating the the gods Odin, Ve and Vili who Sontso North American
life and death of the hero, Hiawatha killed Ymir and built the world [Big Star]
Song of Roland from his body a Navaho deity
(see Chanson de Roland) Sons of Eochu Muigmedon Sonx (see Senx)
Song of the Blessed Lord (see Adventures of the Soogaot North American
(see Bhagavadgita) Sons of Muigmedon) son of Kindawuss by a bear
Song of the Guru (see Guru-Gita) Sons of Hilal (see Banu Hilal) brother of Cunwhat
Song of the Lord (see Bhagavadgita) Sons of Horus Egyptian Sootash Turkish
Song of the Ruler (see Ishvara-Gita) [Amenti] [=Chinese Yü:=Persian Yeshm]
Song of the Sun (see Solarljod) the 4 gods guarding the organs of the jade or a drink made from it
Song of Ullikummi Hurrian deceased and the 4 quarters of the (see also Yü1)
the story of the conflict between earth soothsay
the gods These deities are given as Tuamutef, foretell the future: a prediction
Song-t’sen Gam-po Tibetan the jackal-headed guardian of the soothsayer
[Sron-btsan-sgam-po] stomach and the east; Hapy, the one who foretells future events
a warrior-king baboon-headed guardian of the lungs Sopatrus Greek
He married Wen-Cheng and Bhrkuti and the north; Amset, the human- a man who killed an ox
to increase his realm. They converted headed guardian of the liver and the When an ox ate the cereal that
him to Buddhism and they lived in a south; Qebsehsenuf, the falcon- Sopatrus had offered as a sacrifice to
statue of Avalokiteshvara. headed guardian of the intestines and the gods, he slew it, immediately
Songkran Thai the west. regretting his action. He fled to Crete
a festival in honour of the god Phra In Sons of Maghegh (see Imagheghan) and, when he was cursed by famine,
It is said that Brahma lost his head in Sons of Mil (see Milesians) instituted the Bouphonia.
a wager with Phra In and the head Sons of Miled (see Milesians) Sopdet Egyptian
was handed into the safekeeping of Sons of the Dark [=Greek Sothis]
seven goddesses. They pass the head Manichaean spirits who swallowed a goddess, the star Sirius personified
from one to another to signal the start the light (see also Archons) wife of Sah
of the New Year. Sons of Turenn Irish mother of Soped
songlines Australian the children of Turenn by Brigit or, She is sometimes depicted as a woman
[dreaming lines] some say, by Dana with a star on her head.
the trails of music and words left by the brothers Brian, Iuchar Sopdu (see Soped)
ancestors of the Aborigines and Iucharba Soped Egyptian
When the ancestors rose from their As punishment for killing Cian, the [Sop(e)du]
sleep during the Dreamtime they sang brothers were required to get a a hawk-headed guardian god of
men into existence. Each left a musical chariot, the hound Fail Inis, three the east
trail as a means of communication apples from the Garden of the Sun, son of Sah and Sopdet
between men. seven magical pigs from Asal, a Sopedu (see Soped)
Sonjara (see Sunjata) magical spear from the Persian king, a Sophia European
Sonna (see Jundei Kwannin) golden cooking-spit from the undersea wife of Bertoldo
Sonneillon island of Finchory, a pigskin owned by mother of Rinaldo
[Sonnillon] Tuis that could heal any wound on She and Bertoldo appear as the parents
a demon of hate opposed to St Stephen which it was laid, and then give three of Rinaldo in Jerusalem Delivered.
Sonnillon (see Sonneillon) shouts on the hill protected by (see also Pistis)
Sonobé Japanese Mochaen. They carried out all these Sophocles Greek
a retainer of the Lord of Kishiwada tasks but were killed by Mochaen and (BC 496-406)
When the spirit of Yenoki appeared as his sons who were themselves killed a poet and dramatist
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 Sophrosyne Sotuknang

He is said to have written some 120 Sorlus of the Forest British a bowl full of needles, saying they
plays, including Ajax, Antigone, Electra, a knight of King Arthur’s court were noodle soup. Samyong-Dang
Ichneutae, Oedipus at Colonos, Oedipus Rex, brother of Brian of the Forest refused them but his host ate them
Oedipus Tyrannus, Philoctetes, Triptolemus He fought his brother to decide all and Samyong-Dang was forced
and Trachininae. which of them should chase the white to concede that his host was the
Sophrosyne Greek stag that had interrupted Arthur’s greater magician.
a goddess, temperance pesonified wedding feast. Gawain, who had been Soshans (see Saoshyant)
Sopona African given this task by the king, stopped Soshyant (see Saoshyant)
the small-pox god of the Yoruba the fight and sent them to submit Sosil (see Muggo)
Soranus Roman themselves to the king. Sosioch (see Sraosha)
an Italian god soroka African Sosipolis Greek
Sorath oracles of the Zande a child who became a serpent
a demon of the sun Sororia (see Juno) When the Arcadians attacked Elis, a
sorcerer Sorrlog Celtic woman appeared who gave her new
one who performs magic or witchcraft Lord of Old Sarum baby to the Eleans as she had been
sorcery husband of Eigin instructed to do in a dream. When the
divination aided by evil spirits: Sors Roman child was placed in front of the Elean
magic: witchcraft a god of fortune troops, it turned into a fearsome
Sore-Gus African Sorta ketse (see Toste-mari) snake, the sight of which routed
[Sun-ram] Sorta pairam (see Toste-mari) the Arcadians. The snake then
a sky-god and sun-god of the Hottentot sortes disappeared into the earth.
He is envisaged as a golden-fleeced divination by random opening Sosol
ram. of a book an angel, ruler of the Zodiacal
Soredamor British ‘Sortes Biblicae’ refers to this practice sign Scorpio
daughter of Lot when the Bible was used. Sosom (see Sido)
sister of Gawain ‘Sortes Homericae’ involved the Sosondowah North American
wife of Alexander use of a text by this poet, such as an Iroquois hunter
mother of Cligés his Odyssey. He had been taken up to heaven to
soreisha Japanese ‘Sortes Prenestinae’ involves guard the goddess of the dawn but
[tam-ya] scattering letters of the alphabet fell in love with the mortal princess,
a small Shinto household shrine from a jar and using words so found Glendenwitha. When he took the
dedicated to ancestors as prophetic. form of a hawk and carried the
Sorgalant European ‘Sortes Sibyllinae’ involves drawing maiden up to heaven, the goddess
a Saracen king verses of prophecy from a jar or was so angry that she changed her
husband of Esclaramonde throwing dice to choose such verses. into the morning star.
His wife had an affair with his captive, ‘Sortes Virgilianae’ refers to the Sospita (see Sispes)
Vivien, and the lovers fled together practice when the book used was Soté Norse
when the king found out. Virgil’s Aeneid. a pirate
Soripada East Indian (see also bibliomancy.rhapsodomancy) He stole a magic armlet from Volund
a Sumatran earth-goddess sortilege and buried himself alive with his
Sorli Norse [sortilegy] treasure. The armlet was recovered by
son of Jonakur and Gudrun divination by drawing lots: Angantyr, Belé and Thorsten on one
In some versions of the story of foretelling the future of their many voyages.
Gudrun and Atli, Gudrun survived an sortilegy (see sortilege) Sotem Egyptian
attempted suicide by drowning and sortition [Sodem.Sozem]
married King Jonakur by whom she the casting of lots by such means a god of hearing
had three more sons, Erp, Hamdir as throwing dice, spinning pointers, Soter Greek
and Sorli. etc. a name of Zeus as ‘saviour’
When her daughter, Swanhild, was Sos Greek Sothis Egyptian
killed by King Ermenrich, Gudrun the Greek form of the Egyptian Shu. the Greek name for Sopdet
ordered her three sons to avenge Sosan-Desa Korean Sotre European
Swanhild’s death. a magician an ugly French imp
En route, Hamdir and Sorli killed He was challenged to a contest of He is said to appear in the form of
their younger brother, Erp, deeming magic by Samyong-Dang. They each a whirlwind, causing women and
him to be too young for such a swallowed live fish and regurgitated children to be carried away.
mission. When they found the king, them; those swallowed by Sosan-Desa Sotuknang North American
they cut off his hands and feet and lived, Samyong-Dang’s died. When a creator-god of the Hopi
would have killed him, had not Odin they each built a pile of eggs, son of Taiowa
intervened. The brothers were stoned Samyong-Dang started at the bottom father of Kokyangwuti
to death, on the orders of Odin, by the but Sosan-Desa started at the top. When the first humans, created by
king’s subjects. Sosan-Desa finally offered his guest Kokyangwuti, beceame wicked, he
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 Soucharis sparrow

sent a flood to kill them but their have souls which leave the body sowlth (see somhlth)
creator led many of them from the finally only after it has been killed Sown-men Greek
lower regions to the earth’s surface four times. [Spart(o)i]
and they survived to spread across (9) In Siberia, the Buriats say that a race of warriors
the face of the land. there are three souls in each When Cadmus killed the guardian
Soucharis (see Sokaris) person; one dies, one becomes a water-dragon of the Castilian spring,
Souchos Greek ghost and one is reborn. that had slain some of his companions,
[Sekonopis.Sochos.Suchos] (10) In South America, some he sowed its teeth in the ground.
the Greek name for the Egyptian equate the soul with a reflection in Immediately, warriors sprang into
god Sebek a mirror or in water, or with one’s being, fully armed, and when Cadmus
Souconna Celtic shadow; others say a person has threw a stone amongst them, they
a goddess of the Saône several souls situated in various fought amongst themselves until only
soul parts of the body. Some say there five were left. These five were
an immortal part of man and, in are only two souls, one kind, the Chthonius, Echion, Hyperenor, Pelorus
some authors, of animals other vicious. The soul is not and Udaeaus, and they served Cadmus
The idea of a soul appears in always thought of as immortal. and helped him to build the city of
many religions and mythologies (11) In the West Indies, the Haitian Thebes.
and is thought variously to reside zombie is the body of one whose The teeth left over from this
in blood, the brain, the intestines soul has been taken over by a operation were later sown by Jason
or in such organs as the heart, sorcerer who uses it to control them. with similar results. (see also Sparti)
liver or kidneys. soul animal Soyal North American
(1) In some African societies, a man an animal into which the soul of a [Soyal(un)a]
has four souls, women and children human is reborn a nine-day Hopi festival, held at the
only three. One of these souls can Another type of soul animal is an winter solstice, instigating the return
leave the body during sleep. animal born at the same time as a of the Katchinas
(2) In the East Indies, the human being, perhaps even a long way Soyala (see Soyal)
Papuans say that the soul (sovai) off, both being linked by fate. Soyaluna (see Soyal)
survives death. Soul of Grief (see Tristram) Sozem (see Sotem)
(3) The Chinese envisage two types Soul of the Mirror (see Yayoi) Space of Cold Death (see Mate-Anu)
of soul, the hun and the p’o. soul worship Space of Extreme Cold
Everybody has three hun (the spirit the worship of ghosts (see Whakerere-Anu)
soul) and seven po (the spirit which soulth (see somhlth) soyoko North American
maintains the body). Soului African monsters of the Hopi
(4) In Egypt, it was said that there a god of vegetation and wealth spadisir Norse
were two souls; the ba which could of the Hua people [spakonur.volur.vol(v)a]
leave the body and take any form, Soumilliot (British) wise women: witches: spae-wives: a
usually that of a bird, and the ka father of Fergus, king of Lothian description of the Norns
which lives on after death. Soundiata (see Sunjata) (see also disir.vala)
(5) Early Hebrew lore tells of a Sourakata African spae Scottish
three-part soul, comprising the the first bard among the Mande divine: foretell: prophesy
neshemah, the refesh and the ruach. people, said to have descended spaeman Scottish
(6) The Malay soul (sumangat) is from heaven [spaer]
said to leave the body during illness. Source of Flowers (see Xochipilli) a diviner: prophet
(7) Muslim lore says that all Sousson-Pannan West Indian spaer (see spaeman)
humans, animals and plants have a Haitian voodoo spirit spaewives Scottish
souls. After death, the soul may live This being is reputed to be covered witches: fairies: female soothsayers
in the form of a white dove, with sores and to drink blood. spagyric
sheltered by god’s throne, though Southiel, Ursula (see Mother Shipton) pertaining to alchemy
others say that souls are kept in the Souw (see Sido) spagyric food (see elixir of life)
crops of green birds in heaven. sovai East Indian Spain Irish
(8) Some North American Indian [sovar] a name used for the Land of
tribes also believe in two souls – a in Papuan lore, the soul the Dead: the home of the Milesians
small one in the heart which goes sovar (see sovai) spakonur (see spadisir)
west at death and which can be sovereignty (see sovranty) Spandaramet1 Persian
reborn four times, and a lare soul. Sovranty of Ireland Irish [Spantaramet.Spentaramet]
The latter was given by the hero, [Sovereignty of Ireland.Spirit of Ireland] a name for hell
Wisaka, whereas the small soul is the personification of kingship Spandaramet2 (see Armaiti)
the gift of the supreme deity. Other A female, usually old and wrinkled but Spantaramet
tribes believe that the soul has a turning into a beautiful maiden, who (see Armaiti.Spandaramet1)
separate existence as a star. Still determines the rightful claimant to the sparrow Greek
others believe that some animals throne. a bird sacred to Aphrodite
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 Sparte Spirit Dog

Sparte Greek Speewah Australian has a male human head, the criosphinx
daughter of Eurotas a fictitious cattle-station where has a ram’s head and the hieracosphinx
wife of Lacedaekmon everything is bigger or better has the head of a hawk, in each case on
mother of Amyclas and Eurydice spell the body of a lion.
Sparti Greek an incantation used by witches, A black sphinx symbolises evil, a
[Spartoi] etc. to entrance white one symbolises goodness.
the 5 surviving Sown-men and Spell of Odin’s Ravens Aker, the Egyptian god of the
their descendants (see Hrafna Galdur Odins) underworld, is sometimes depicted as a
The five were Chthonius, Echion, Spenag Menog (see Spenta Mainya) double-headed sphinx.
Hyperenor, Pelorus and Udaeus. Their Spendarmad (see Armaiti) (see also Sphinx2)
descendants were said to have a birth- Spendarmat (see Armaiti) Sphinx2 Greek
mark in the shape of a spear-head. Spenjaghyra Persian [Phix.The Strangler]
(see also Sown-men) a demon killed by Vazishta a winged monster, part woman,
Spartoi (see Sparti) (lightning) part lion, with the tail of a
spatulomancy Spentaramet serpent
divination from burning shoulder- (see Armaiti.Spandaramet1) This beast, daughter either of Orthrus
blades Spenishta Persian and Chimaera or of Typhon and
Spaul North American one of the 5 types of sacred fire Chimaera or the serpent Echidna, was
the supreme god of the Indians of This type of fire burns in paradise sent by Artemis to ravage Thebes
Queen Charlotte Island in the presence of Ohrmazd, the after Laius had abducted Chrysippus.
This being is envisaged as a benevolent supreme divinity and hence is the Some accounts say it was sent by
raven who killed the evil Queenah. holiest of all. (see Bahram fire) Hera, others by Apollo or Dionysus.
Spealan Irish Spenser, Edmund English In all versions, she killed and ate any
a noble (1553-1599) traveller who failed to answer the
He gave a feast to which he invited a poet riddle given to her by the Muses and
Cormac mac Airt after he had given up He wrote The Faerie Queene. was herself killed when Oedipus
the throne in favour of his son Cairbre. Spenta Armaiti (see Armaiti) successfully replied. Some accounts
Cormac died at the feast when a fish Spenta Mainya Persian say that she threw herself over a cliff,
bone got stuck in his throat. [(Spenag) Menog.Spenta Mainyu] others that Oedipus drove her over the
spear-bhean Irish a name and attribute of cliff at sword-point.
a woman seen in a dream or vision: a Ahura Mazda as ‘the bounteous (see also Riddle of the Sphinx)
sorrowing spirit spirit’, the good principle sphondulomancy
Spear of Pisear Irish one of the 7 Ameshas divination from spindles
a name for lightning, Spenta Mainyu (see Spenta Mainya) Spider1 African
the magic spear of Lugh Spercheius Greek a trickster-god of the Temne
which he received from a river-god This being is also regarded as a wise
Pisear father of Menestheus by Polydora deity.
Spearmasters African father of Dryops, some say spider2 North American
priests of the Dinka people Spermo Greek a female creator-spirit
Speckled Knight British one of the Oenotropoe Some tribes assert that the spider wove
one of the knights defeated by The daughter of Anius and Dorippa earthly phenomena (including plants,
Great Fool sister of Elais and Oeno animals and mankind), the web of fate
Speckled Hen, The Irish Spes Roman and the alphabet.
one of the halls at Emain Macha a goddess, hope personified Spider Man (see Ictinike)
(see also Red Branch1) spetake North American Spider, Mr (see Anansi)
spectre [=Chinook ikanam:=Kwakiutl nuyam: Spider Woman North American
a ghost =Tshimshian adaox] a Hopi spirit
Spectre Huntsman Malay a myth, in the lore of the She helped Son of Light to recover
a hunter Thompson Indians his wife who had been abducted by
His wife gave birth to twins while he Sphaerus Greek Man-Eagle. (see also Hahai Wugtu.
was away looking for a mouse-deer the charioteer of Pelops Kokyangwuti.Naste Estsan.
which she had asked him to get for sphinx1 Old Spider)
her and he had promised never to an image of a hybrid animal spigena (see laumé)
return until he found one. This he with the body of a lion, Spinagros European
never did. His son, when he grew up, representing, in some cases, a giant in Italy
looked for his missing father and a sun-god Spiniensis Roman
found him in the forest, covered with The most widely-known is the huge a god of agriculture
moss. He had learned magic by which statue (the Great Sphinx) of a spirit
he made many people ill and he recumbent lion with a human head, a ghost: a disembodied soul; the
instructed his son as a doctor so that sited at Giza in Egypt. breath of life
he could cure them. Other forms exist; the androsphinx Spirit Dog (see Pono-Kamita)
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 Spirit-land Sredoi

Spirit-land (see Ghost-land) Split Boys North American In some accounts, this is the
Spirit of Ireland (see Sovranty) [Half Boys] Tibetan name for Avalokiteshvara.
Spirit of Rain Japanese twin culture-heroes of the Kiowa Squash North American
an attribute of Inari as embodied Although these boys were twins, one daughter of Eithinoha
in the fox was born some time before the other sister of Bean and Onatah
Spirit of the Stranger and was playing by himself when the Squonk North American
(see Komba Ralingki) second was born. He threw his hoop a monster with loose skin covered
Spirit of the Wind Chinese into the air, something he had been with warts
a spirit which leads those souls due for forbidden to do, and, when it fell on This beast spends much of its time
reincarnation over the bridge to the his head, he turned round and found beneath hemlock trees, weeping in
Tower of Forgetfulness his new brother standing there. They grief at its own ugliness. Squonks are
Spirit Star North American did many things that they were not capable of evading capture by
a Pawnee sky-spirit supposed to do but yet they survived, dissolving completely into a pool of
spirit trap South American On one occasion they escaped from tears and bubbles when cornered.
a plaited object of great intricacy a charging buffalo by changing them- Sradda (see Shradda)
This object is used by the natives of selves into moles. Srahman African
the Guianas to frustrate the activities Spring Boy (see Throwaway) a Xhosa nymph of the silk-cotton tree
of spirits. It can be left on a path so Spring-snake Charm (see Ch’iu She) wife of Sasabonsum
that any following spirit will waste spodomancy She instructed travellers in the lore of
time puzzling over it, allowing the [tephromancy] the forests.
intended victim time to escape. divination from ashes Srahmandazi African
spirit world Spoils of Annwfn, The British the Xhosa paradise
the land of the dead [Preiddeu Annwfn] Shraoscha (see Sraosha)
Spirits of Solomon Mesopotamian a poem by Taliesin Sraosha Persian
72 rebellious demons This poem relates the exploits of King [Craosa.Sosiosch.Sraoscha.Surush:
Solomon is said to have put these Arthur in his quest to win the magic =Muslim Jibril]
beings into a ‘brass vessel’ and thrown cauldron in the underworld. He took guardian of the earth during the
it into a lake from where it was three shiploads of warriors on the hours of darkness
recovered by the Babylonians who expedition but only Arthur and seven an aspect of Ahura Mazda, obedience’:
thought it contained great treasures. others survived. He was regarded as the ear that heard
When they opened it, the demons A similar story is that of Bran’s the cries of man and, with Mithra and
escaped. invasion of Ireland to recover Branwen. Rashnu, a judge who weighed souls in
Spiritual Dragon Chinese spook the scales in the underworld.
one of 4 Dragon Kings, responsible for a ghost In some accounts, he is one of the
rain and wind Spotted Eagle (see Wanblee Geshka) Amesha Spentas or of the Yazatas.
spiritualism spriggan British Srat Slav
the belief that we can communicate a Cornish goblin living in stones a flying demon
with the spirit world, generally Spring and Autumn Annals Sravakas Buddhist
through the agency of a medium (see Ch’un-ch’iu) the arhats, considered as auditors of
spiritus mendaciorum Spring of Health (see Slane) the Good Word and very wise
the second order of demons, Spring Ox, The (see Mang Shen) Sravan Belgola Jain
the spirits of falsehood, sprite [Sravana Belgola]
ruled by Pytho a brownie, elf, gnome or goblin a sacred rock
Spitter1 Pacific Islands Spumador British Sravana Hindu
a spirit of the Philippines King Arthur’s horse (Spenser) a goddess of fortune
There are said to be eight of these Spurius Lartius Roman one of the naksatras
spirits who take charge of the newly [Lartius] daughter of Daksha
dead. If one of them spits on a living a friend of Horatius wife of Candra
person, that person will fall ill with He and Titus Herminius helped Sravana Belgola (see Sravan Belgola)
some disease, probably leprosy. They Horatius to defend the Sublician Sravistha (see Dhanistha)
can be guarded against by two other bridge over the Tiber against the Sreang (see Sreng)
spirits known as Tudong and attacking Italians under Lars Porsena. Sreca Serbian
Yungayung. Spurius Tarpeius Roman [=Russian Dolya]
Spitter2 (see Tefnut) father of Tarpeia a benevolent female deity
Spityura Persian sPyan-ras-gzigs Tibetan She determines a mortal’s fate at
brother of Yima [Chen-re-zi.Chenresi] birth and is regarded as the converse of
He was said to have killed his brother a monkey-god Nesreca.
by sawing him in half. consort of sGrol-ma Sredoi Serbian
Splendid Mane (see Aonbharr) He and sGrol-ma are regarded as a man betrothed to Iconia
splinter cat North American the progenitors of all living things His intended bride was carried off
a fabulous animal and he is manifest in the Dalai Lama. by Theodore.
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 Sreng stag

Sreng Irish Srikantha Hindu Ssu Fu Chinese

[Sreang] one of the vidyesvaras [Four Supplements]
a Firbolg warrior an aspect of Shiva one of the parts of the Tao Tsang, the
When the Danaans landed in Ireland, Srimala (see Shrimala) canon of Taoist literature
they suggested that they share the srin Tibetan One of the works in this part of the Tao
island with the Fir Bolg. They could early inhabitants of Tibet Tsang contains the Tao Te Ching. The
not agree and fought the first Battle These beings, armed with catapults other part is known as the San Tung.
of Moytura, during which Sreng met and slings, were the precursors of the Ssu-hsien (see Four Saints)
Nuada and cut off his hand (or arm, human race. Next came the lha. Ssu Ling
in some accounts) which Dian Cecht Srin-po Tibetan (see Four Auspicious Animals)
later replaced with a silver model. a class of deity: ghouls: vampires Ssu-ma Kuang Chinese
He became the king of the Firbolg. Sripada (see Footprints of Buddha) one of the disciples of Confucius
Sri1 Hindu Srishok Persian allowed to sacrifice in the Temple
[Anushayina.Shri.Shru.Sridevi] a celestial ox due to be sacrificed at of Confucius
a early goddess the renovation following the end Ssu-ma Ta Shen (see Ma Wang)
consort of Dharma or Vishnu of the world Ssu Ming1 Chinese
She was later assimilated by Lakshmi Srivasumukhi Buddhist a legendary hero
or Sarasvati. (see also Devi Shri) a goddess attendant on Vasudhara He assisted the gods in controlling
Sri2 Jain Srivasundara Buddhist events on earth. In some accounts he is
[Shri.Shru.Sridevi] a goddess attendant on Vasudhara divided into two, the deities Shang
a goddess Srivdyadevi Hindu T’ai and Wen Ch’ang.
Sri3 Tibetan a terrible goddess Ssu Ming2 (see Tsao Chün)
[(dpal-iden) Lha Mo.Lhamo.Machi-pal Srogbdag Buddhist ssu-niu Chinese
Lha-mo.Shri.Shru.Sridevi] a Tibetan deity or demon dragons said to appreciate music
a Buddhist goddess of disease, brother of Rigs-bu-mo St Brendan’s Isle
protector of the Dalai Lama He is regarded as an assistant to (see Island of the Blessed)
one of the dharmapalas Lcham-Sring and is depicted riding a St Patrick’s purgatory Irish
a terrible aspect of Devi wolf. a cave said to be an entrance to
consort of Shisrte Sron-btsan-sgam-po the underworld
She is said to bring death and disease (see Song-tsen Gam-po) Sta-au North American
to mankind. Srosh Persian ghosts of the wicked in the lore of the
She came to earth as a mortal and a messenger of the gods Blackfoot Indians
became the consort of Shisrte, king of It was his duty to tell the king when Stackalee North American
Lanka. They had a son but Sri killed his time on earth was up. [Stackerlee.Stagolee]
him and drank his blood. Sru Irish a black stoker on a steamboat
She is shown dressed in the skins of an ancestor of the Irish He sold his soul to the Devil for a
the dead, rides a mule and lives on a grandson of Gaedheal Glas magic stetson which made him
diet of human flesh and blood. son of Esru invulnerable to fire and enabled him
She is sometimes depicted as having father of Eber Scot to change shape as he wished. Even
three heads and three eyes. He led his people from Egypt, where the Devil got fed up with his
Sri-gaja Hindu they were persecuted, to Scythia, troublemaking and arranged for his hat
[Megha] crossing the Red Sea with four ships to be stolen by a man who Stackalee
a white elephant associated holding twenty-four wedded couples. shot.
with Lakshmi After quarrelling with the Scythians, Staff of Fate (see Kala-danda)
Sri Lanka Hindu they were led to Spain by Breoghan stag
the island of Ceylon (Lanka) regarded and later to Ireland by Milesius. the male deer
as a goddess srungma Tibetan Technically, a stag is over four years
This island was the site of the epic a group of Bon deities assimilated into old; over five years it is referred to
battle between Rama and Ravana the Buddhist pantheon as a hart.
described in the Ramayana. Srvara Persian (1) In Greece the deer was regarded
Sri lantra (see Sri Yantra) a storm-demon as the animal of Diana.
Sri Yantra Hindu This being was slain by Keresaspa. (2) The Japanese regard the deer as
[Sri Lantra:=Chinese Yin-Yang: Ssebinitu African the animal of Jurojin.
=Japanese In-Yo:=Tibetan Yab-Yum] a name of Katonda as ‘lord of all’ (3) In Mesopotamian lore the deer
a diagram, using concentric Ssewannaku African was a symbol of fertility.
circles, lotus petals and a name of Katonda as ‘eternal one’ (4) In Norse mythology four
9 triangles Ssu Korean harts, Dain, Davalin, Duneyr and
This diagram is said to represent a fabulous dog or the unicorn Durathor, grazed on the shoots of
the male and female energies of Ssu Fang Chinese the world-tree Yggdrasil.
the cosmos. the 4 cardinal points guarded by (5) In Welsh stories the Red Stag of
Sridevi (see Sri) the Ssu Ling Redynvre is one of the animals
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 Stag-gdon-can Stephan

consulted by Culhwch in his quest Star-folk North American Starkader Norse

for the hand of Olwen. in the lore of the Algonquians, [Hrossharsgrani.Starkad(r).Starkath(r)]
Stag-gdon-can Buddhist the beings who live in the heavens an eight-handed warrior
the Tibetan name for Vyaghravaktradakini These handsome beings sometimes He was a favourite of Odin and was
Stag-Minos (see Minelaphos) descend from their beautiful Star given the gift of poetry.
Stag of Redenure country to earth on ropes spun by the Starkadr (see Starkader)
(see Red Stag of Redynvre) spider. Starkath (see Starkader)
Stag of Rhedynfre Star Husband North American Starkathr (see Starkader)
(see Red Stag of Redynvre) a heavenly being who married Starn1 Irish
Staka-pas Russian an earthly maiden when she son of Sera
[Kan Pa.Kuvan Pas.Onto] rose up to heaven brother of Agnoman and Partholan,
an evil deity Star-maiden North American in some accounts
husband of Bonto a fairy who came to earth in a basket father of Tuan mac Carell
When regarded as husband and wife, One such being married Algon, Starn2 Irish
this couple are referred to as Onto another married Cloud Carrier. In the son of Nemed, in some accounts
and Bonto. story of Algon, he found a fairy-ring Stata Mater Roman
Standing Hollow Horn North American on the prairie and watched as twelve a fire-goddess
chief of the Sioux when White Buffalo star-maidens descended from the sky She was said to be able to make fires
Woman came to visit them in a basket and danced round the ring. stand still.
sTang-lha Tibetan He tried several times to catch the Stater British
the gling-chos heaven youngest star-maiden, without success, [Staterius]
This realm, ruled by dBangpo- and finally turned himself into a a Welsh king
rgyabzhin, is the highest of three (or mouse. When she tried to kill him, he He fought against Dunvallo Molmutius
four) realms and contains the branches returned to his normal form and and was killed in battle.
of the tree the roots of which are in the carried her off. They married and had Staterius (see Stater)
underworld, Yog-klu. one son. Some years later, she made Statius Roman
Stanitakumara Jain another wicker-basket and, taking the a 1st C BC poet
a minor god child with her, ascended to her home He was the author of Achilleis, Thebais,
one of the 10 Bhanavasi in the sky. etc.
Stanzaic Morte Arthur British When the boy was grown up, he Statue of Zeus Greek
a long poem dealing with the later life asked to see his father so they came a huge statue, in gold and ivory on
and death of King Arthur back to earth in the basket. Algon wood, made by Phidias
Staphylus1 Greek returned to the skies with them, taking This statue was one of the Seven
a goat-herd of Oeneus parts of all the animals and birds Wonders of the Ancient World.
He is said to have discovered the grape with him. The star-people each took Staurus Egyptian
and given it to Oeneus. one of the fragments and became the the tree of life: the cross of Osiris as
Staphylus2 Greek animal or bird whose part they had the symbol of immortality
a god, the grape-cluster personified chosen. Algon, his wife and son, all Steingud Norse
son of Dionysus and Ariadne became falcons. a woman due to be born after
brother of Phanus Star of Dignities (see Lu Hsing) Ragnarok as the progenitor of
father of Rhoeo Star of Emoluments (see Lu Hsing) a new race
one of the 50 Argonauts Star of Happiness (see Fu Hsing) Stella Maris Greek
Staphylus3 Greek Star of Longevity (see Shou Shen) the Greek name for Isis
a king of Delos Star of Officials (see Lu Hsing) Stellio Greek
In some stories, he married Chrysothemis Star of Quarrels (see Lo-hou) a young boy
when she fled to Delos to escape death Star of the Sea (see Isis) He was changed into a lizard by
at the hand of Orestes. Star Woman South American Demeter for making a joke about the
star Mesopotamian a supernatural female rate at which she ate her food.
the symbol of An An ugly man, whom no woman would Stentor Greek
Star Boy North American marry, wished for a star as a wife. A a herald at Troy
the son of a maiden who rose up to woman then appeared who married His voice was said to be as loud as
heaven and married Star Husband him and he immediately became the combined voices of fifty other
Star Country North American handsome and very successful. The men. He died in a shouting match with
the sky, in the lore of the Hopi Star Woman then took him to her own Hermes.
Star Creator South American home in the sky but he found it too Stephan Serbian
a creator-god of Tierra del Fuego cold up there and died. a hero
After the original giants inhabiting the Stariat Irish brother of Demitrius
earth had been killed, Star Creator an ancestor of the Fir Bolg When the Turks attacked Belgrade,
made the ancestors of the present son of Nemed Demitrius fled and Stephan was
tribes from clay. father of Semion captured. Despite offers of wealth and
Star Festival (see Hoshi matsuri) Starkad (see Starkader) power, he resisted all attempts to
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 Sterculia tree Stone Men

make him embrace the faith of the son of Capaneus and Evadne hunt and the girl was left to fend for
Turks and escaped death only when father of Cometes and Cylarabes herself. Desperate for food, she
the princess, Haykoona, fled with him He was one of the soldiers hidden swallowed a pebble hoping to die.
and, converting to the Christian faith, inside the wooden horse at Troy. Instead, four days later she gave birth
married him. Sthenelus2 Greek to a boy who grew very quickly to
Sterculia tree Korean [Sthenelaus] manhood. When she told him about
the tree of life: the tree supporting son of Androgeus or of Actor her five missing brothers, he vowed
the world brother of Alcaeus to find them and bring them back.
Sterculius Roman He and his brother served as slaves After travelling for four days he came
[Stercutus.Sterquilinius] to Heracles on his ninth Labour to to a teepee where an old hag offered
a name for Picumnus as a god atone for the murder of two of him food. When he discovered that
of manuring Heracles’ crewmen by subjects of his she had tried to poison him, he killed
Stercutus (see Sterculius) brother, Alcaeus. Heracles made them her and then unpacked the five
Sterope1 Greek rulers of Thasos. bundles standing in the corner. Inside
[Asteria.Asterope] Sthenelus3 Greek he found the dried bodies of the five
a nymph, one of the Pleiades [Sthenelaus] missing men. Instructed by a pile of
daughter of Atlas by Hippodamia a king of Mycenae talking bones, he built a little sweat-
or Pleione son of Perseus and Andromeda house in which he restored his uncles
mother of Oenomaus by Ares brother of Electryon to life.
wife of Oenomaus, some say husband of Nicippe In the Ojibway version, Stone Boy
(see also Electra3) father of Alcinoe, Eurystheus and was the twin brother of Wene-
Sterope 2
Greek Medusa boozho, both of whom were fathered
[Asterope] He seized the throne of Mycenae on a maiden by Geesis, the sun.
daughter of Acastus and Hippolyta when Electryon was accidentally Stone Coat North American
or Astydamia killed by Amphitryon. a giant in the lore of the
sister of Laodamia and Sthenele Some say that Sthenelus was killed Ute
Sterope3 Greek by Hyllus. A young boy of immense strength
[Asterope] Sthenno (see Stheno) came to Stone Coat’s lodge, despite a
daughter of Cepheus Stheno Greek warning from his father, and was
She was given a lock of Medusa’s hair [‘mighty’.Stheino.Sthenno] challenged to eat one bear before
by Heracles who instructed her to one of the 3 Gorgons Stone Coat could eat the other. By
show it above the city walls to frighten daughter of Phorcos and Ceto deception, the boy won and was
off any invading forces. sister of Euryale and Medusa challenged to kick a log higher than
Steropes Greek Stigarde Norse the giant could. The boy won, kicking
[‘lightning’] a name for Sceaf in some stories the log very high so that when it fell
one of the 3 original Cyclopes Stihi Balkan on Stone Coat it killed him. The boy
son of Uranus and Gaea a female demon in Albania had earlier killed a family of thunder-
Sterquilinius (see Sterculius) In some accounts she is a fire- spirits and later killed a gambler who
Stesichorus Greek breathing dragon who guards a hoard had made a practice of decapitating
a 6th C BC poet of treasure. those who lost to him at dice. He also
He wrote Oresteia and stories of the Stilbe Greek helped the Bear and Wolf tribes to
Calydonian boar-hunt and the tenth daughter of Peneus and Creusa win a ball game and they invited him
labour of Heracles. sister of Cyrene, Daphne and Hypseus to become their chief, an honour he
Sthanu Hindu Some say that she was the mother gave to his father.
a name for Shiva as an ascetic by Apollo of the Centaurs and the Stone Giant South American
Sthavira Buddhist Lapiths. a giant of the Yahgan people of Tierra
the Sanskrit version of the Pali Thera Stillevolk (see Dwarfs) del Fuego
a name for an arhat Stimula Roman The only vulnerable parts of his
Stheino (see Stheno) a minor goddess body were the soles of his feet and he
Sthenalaus (see Sthenalus) A goddess who excites passion in was killed by a humming-bird who
Stheneboea (see Anteia) women. In some accounts, she is discovered this and attacked him.
Stheneboia (see Anteia) identified with Semele. Stone Giants North American
Sthenele Greek Stinger (see Girtab) the original inhabitants
daughter of Acastus and Hipppolyta Stolas (see Solas) of the land of the Iroquois
or Astydamia Stone Boy North American These giants were defeated by the
sister of Laodamia and Sterope [Iyan Hoshi] thunder-god, Hinun, who persuaded
wife of Menoetius a Sioux hero his brother, the west wind, to blow the
mother of Patroclus Five brothers lived with their sister giants over the edge of a deep ravine
Sthenelus1 Greek and they survived by hunting. On each where they all perished.
[Sthenelaus] of five consecutive days, one of the Stone Man (see Darukaviteré)
one of the Epigoni brothers failed to return from the Stone Men (see Hayunu)
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 Stone of Destiny Strophius1

Stone of Destiny the skin, was able to become a whale who had sunk into a quagmire at that
[Coronation Stone.Fal(stone).Jacob’s himself. Another monster trapped point. Two boys who climbed the tree
Pillow.Jacob’s Stone.Lia Fail.Stone of Fal. Stoneribs but he was able to escape by disappeared into the heavens and were
Stone of Scone.Tara Stone] changing back to a halibut. never seen again.
the stone on which the Pictish kings When he finally returned home, he Stove God (see Kitchen God)
sat at their coronation took off the halibut skin and hung it up Stoymir Slav
It is said to be the stone used as a to dry. An eagle swooped down and a sleeping knight
pillow by Jacob, mentioned in carried off the skin and, thereafter, He sleeps, with his companions-in-
Genesis, which was brought to Ireland Stoneribs remained his normal human arms, in a cave in Bohemia awaiting a
by a princess called Tea or by Gaedheal. shape but became known as call to arms in an alternative version
It was later taken to Iona and thence to Crystalribs. of the Wenceslas story.
Scone in Scotland, finally ending up in stones Stradwawl Welsh
England as the Coronation Stone. It some stones are said to have wife of Coel and mother of Gwawl,
was said to roar when a new monarch the power to conjure up or to in some accounts
sat on it, so confirming his right to the ward off demons Strangler, The (see Sphinx2)
throne. Among the many stones to which such Strassburg, Gottfried von German
Other versions say that there were powers are attributed are anachitis, a 13th C writer who contributed
two such stones, the Lia Fail of Ireland, anacithidus, antiphates, chrisoletus, to the Arthurian legends
discovered by Conn Ceadchathach, chrysolite, coral, kinocetus, pontica strenae Roman
and a similar stone (Jacob’s Pillow) in and synochitis. (see also sacred stones) twigs used in the New Year festival
Scotland brought to Scotland from Stones of King Arthur’s Knights These twigs were taken from a grove
Egypt by Gaedheal. (see Cerrig Marchogion) sacred to Strenia and were given as
Stone of Dylan (see Maen Dylan) stoorworm Scottish tokens of good fortune.
Stone of Fal (see Stone of Destiny) a huge water-monster with venomous Strenia Roman
Stone of Scone (see Stone of Destiny) breath [=Greek Hygeia:=Roman Salus]
Stone People Greek Assipattle killed this monster, after a Sabine goddess of the
a race created after the flood thirty-six great warriors had failed. New Year festivities
The sole survivors of the flood, The stoorworm swallowed him when Stretcher (see Procrustes)
Deucalion and Pyrrha, threw stones he went out in his little boat to fight it, Stribog Slav
over their shoulders, creating a new so he cut open its liver and and pushed [Stribogu]
race to repopulate the earth. in burning peats which he had brought a wind-god and god of wealth
Stone Woman (see Maiso) with him. The dead body became Stribogu (see Stribog)
Stonehenge British Iceland and the monster’s teeth fell Stricta Greek
a megalith on Salisbury Plain out to form the Orkney Islands. [Stricte]
Some say that these stones were stopan European one of the dogs of Actaeon
originally standing in Ireland as the a Bulgarian spirit of an ancestor When Artemis caught Actaeon, the
Giant’s Ring. In some versions, they acting as guardian of the house hunter, watching her as she bathed,
were brought over to England and Storia del Merlino Italian she turned him into a stag. His
re-erected by Merlin’s magic or, some a 14th C Italian life of Merlin hounds, including Stricta, tore him
say, with the help of the Devil. In stork1 European to pieces.
other stories, the structure was built a sacred bird in Sweden Stricte (see Stricta)
by the druids. stork2 Greek striges Roman
Stoneribs North American the bird sacred to Hera blood-sucking monsters
a hero of the tribes of the north-west Storm-serene (see Bilskirnir) String Man (see Hi Haela)
son of Volcano Woman Storm Winds Mesopotamian String of Lights (see Deepavali)
He skinned the halibut which an eagle one of the Eleven Mighty Helpers Striped marten (see Hua-hu Tiao)
dropped on to the shore and, wearing created by Tiamat Stroke Lad (see Amadan)
the skin, took the form of a halibut and Stormalong British Stromkarl Scandinavian
swam south towards the sound of a sailor-hero [Neck(ar).Necker.Nickel.Nicker.Nicor.
voices calling for help. He found a One explanation for the white cliffs of Nix(ie).Nixy]
tribe starving and helped them to Dover is that his great ship, Courser, a fish-tailed water-spirit, male
collect mussels for food. When the scraped the sides of the Dover Straits In Norway, this being is a spirit of the
monster whale, Qagwaai, wrecked as it passed through. It also carved out waterfall and a wonderful musician.
some of the tribe’s canoes, killing the Panama Canal when driven ashore In Sweden, it is the spirit of any
the occupants, Stoneribs lured the by a storm. body of freshwater.
monster to the surface and, when Story-tree African Strong One (see Guhyaka)
it chased his canoe, moutb agape, in the lore of the Chaga, a tree that Strophades Island Greek
Stobneribs jumped into the gaping reached the sky the home of the Harpies
maw and killed the monster by This tree grew on the spot where a Strophius1 Greek
shooting it from the inside. He then sheep and a cow had been sacrificed, king of Phocis
skinned the whale and, by wearing following the death of a young girl husband of Anabixia
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 Strophius2 suan-i

father of Pylades Stymphalian Marshes were dispersed mother of Lakshmana and Shatrughna
He sheltered the young Orestes when or killed by Heracles as his sixth Vishnu gave the childless Dasa-ratha a
he fled after the murder of his father Labour. Those that escaped flew to the portion which he shared between
Agamemnon by Clytemnestra. island of Aretius where they later his three wives. Si-Mitra received a
Strophius2 Greek harassed the Argonauts. quarter and produced twin boys,
king of Phocis They were described as being part Lakshmana and Shatrughna.
son of Pylades and Electra crane, part eagle, part stork, and Su-p’in-t’e Chinese
Stumphalides (see Stymphalian having feathers like arrows. [Su-p’in-t’o]
Birds) Stymphalian Marshes Greek the Chinese version of Subhinda
stryge the home of the Stymphalian birds (see Nandimitra)
a ghost or vampire Stynphalides (see Stymphalian Birds) Su-p’in-t’o (see Su-p’in-t’e)
Strymo Greek Stymphalus Greek Sua South American
daughter of Scamander a king of Arcadia a sun-god and culture-hero of the
wife of Laomedon son of Elatus and Laodice Muyscaya Indians
mother of Antigone, Clytius, Hesione, brother of Aepytus, Cyllen and Pereus consort of Cuchaviva
Hicetaon, Lampos, Podarces, father of Parthenope In some accounts he is equated
Thymoetes and Tithonus Pelops pretended to be his friend but with Bochica.
In some accounts, she is referred to murdered him during his attempt to Suac Pacific Islands
as Placia. conquer Arcadia. a hero of the Philippines
Strymon Greek Styrbjorn (see Stybjorn) His fame was due to the club which he
a river-god Styx1 Greek stole from one of the giant bungisngis
father of Boreas by Eos, some say [‘hateful’.Stux: =Japanese Sodzu Baba] which enabled him to kill other monsters
father of Phesus by Euterpe, some say a sea-goddess, chief of the Oceanids and all his enemies.
Studas German daughter of Oceanus and Tethys Suadela Roman
father of Heime wife of Pallas [=Greek Peitho]
He gave Heime the sword Blutgang wife of Hades, some say the goddess of persuasion, particularly
with which to challenge Dietrich. mother of Bia, Cratus, Nike in romance, seduction and love
stupa Buddhist and Zelos Suaixtis Prussian
[caitya.dagaba.dagoba.tope:=Pali thupa] She sent her four sons to help the gods [Suatitix]
a mound or shrine containing relics of in the battle with the giants and was a god of light
the Buddha or a saint rewarded with a place as the river of Suaixtix (see Suaixtis)
(see also pagoda) oaths in the underworld. (see Styx2) Sualdaim (see Sualtam)
Sturlason (see Snorri Sturluson) Styx2 Greek Sualdaimh (see Sualtam)
Sturleson (see Snorri Sturluson) [‘hateful’.Stux:=Babylonian Hubur: Sualdam (see Sualtam)
Stux (see Styx) =Hindu Rasa:=Norse Leipter] Sualdamh (see Sualtam)
Stybjorn Norse one of the rivers in Hades Sualt Irish
[Styrbjorn] The Styx was said to encircle the an ancestor of Finn mac Cool
an enemy of Eric the Victorious underworld nine times and was son of Ealtan
He fought with Eric who swore to regarded as the river of the unbreakable father of Trenmor
sacrifice himself to Odin if he were oath. A god who broke an undertaking Sualtam mac Roth Irish
granted victory. The god intervened sworn on the Styx was rendered [Sualda(i)m(h).Sualtaim]
on the side of Eric and Stybjorn’s unconscious for nine years, followed an Ulster chieftain
men were rendered blind and then by nine years (some say one year) in husband of Dectera
swallowed up in an avalanche. exile. Mortals were poisoned by the the earthly father of Cuchulainn
Stygeros Greek waters of the river if they broke an oath. In some accounts, Cuchulainn was
a name for Hades as ‘hateful one’ Some say it was this river, rather the son of Dectera by Lugh who had
Stygian oath Greek than Acheron, over which Charon spirited her away to the Otherworld
an oath sworn on the River Styx which ferried the souls of the dead. on her wedding eve but he was raised
was regarded as irrevocable Su South American by Sualtam as his own son, then
Stygian nymphs Greek a legendary monster called Setanta.
nymphs in Hades This cruel beast had the head of a In the battle with the forces of
These nymphs were in charge of the woman, the forelegs of a tiger, the Connaught, he rallied the warriors of
accoutrements of Hades – the helmet hindlegs of a wolf and a tail like a huge Ulster to save the province. In doing
of invisibility, the winged sandals and leaf which it used to protect its young so, he spoke before the druid Cathbad
the magic wallet – which were in times of danger. and, for this breach of protocol, cut
borrowed by Perseus when he set out It was reputed to kill its own young off his own head on the sharp edge of
to kill the Medusa. rather than allow them to be captured. his shield but the head still gave out
Stymphalian birds Greek Su (see Shu2) the rallying cry.
[Stumphalides.Stymphalides] Su-Mitra Hindu suan-i Chinese
man-eating brazen birds [Sumitra] dragons depicted as seated under the
These birds which thronged the third wife of Dasa-ratha feet of the Buddha
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 suan side Sudika-Mbambi

suan side Irish asura who was attacking a rishi. By in his victims instead of eating them
sleep induced by the fairies looking into the depths of a lake, Shiva Suclagus
Suanan Irish engendered six infants. Parvati a fire-demon
a poet at the court of Conor mac Nessa embraced the babies and compressed Suculae Roman
Suantrade Irish them into one child with six heads. [=Greek Hyades]
a harpist This hero cut the asura in half, using the Roman name for the Nysaean
son of Uaithne and Boann one half to make the peacock which he nymphs (Hyades)
brother of Gentrade and Goltrade uses as his vahama. The other half Sucunyum Central American
He and his brothers played music became the cockerel which is one of a Mayan creator-god and god of
so sad that men died weeping as his symbols. the underworld
they listened. In this form, he was consort of brother of Hachacyum
Suarga (see Svarga) Dewanei and Walliamei. He carried the sun-god Ah Kin back
Subadra East Indian His various symbols include a bow through the underworld each night
[Sembadra:=Indian Subhadra] and a cockerel. ready for his next journey across
sister of Baladewa Subramanya (see Subrahmanya) the sky.
wife of Arjuna Succat Irish Sudabah (see Sudabe)
Subaga African a nickname for St Patrick Sudabe Persian
in the lore of the people of Mali, these Succor Benoth [Sudabah]
are people who can leave their own a demon of jealousy a Yemeni princess
bodies and enter those of others He is said to be a eunuch in hell and a wife of Kay Kaus
Subahu Hindu personal favourite of Persephone. mother of Siyawush
a king In black magic he is the chief Sudaram (see Sudrem)
father of Sunanda eunuch of the Royal Household. sudarshana Hindu
When Damayanti arrived at his court (see also Succoth Benoth) Vishnu’s discus which he used as
after weeks of wandering, he gave her Succoth Benoth Mesopotamian a weapon
shelter and made her an attendant on the Semitic version of Sarpanitu Suddhodama (see Shuddhodhana)
his daughter, Sunanda. succubi (see succubus) Suddhodana (see Shuddhodhana)
Subala Hindu succubos (see succubus) Suddhodhana (see Shuddhodhana)
a king succubus Sudeva Hindu
father of Gandhari [succubos: plur=succubi] a Brahmin
Subhadra Hindu a demon in the form of a female He acted as a counsellor to King Bhima
[=East Indies Dewi Shri.Sembadra.Subadra] which attacks sleeping men and who sent him out with 100 others to
a goddess has intercourse with them search for his daughter, Damayanti,
daughter of Surabhi or Vasudeva Sucellos (see Sucellus) who had disappeared when her
sister of Krishna Sucellus Roman husband, Nala, left her. Sudeva found
mother of Abhimanyu by Arjuna [Sucellos.The Good Striker.The Hammer the missing princess at the court of
Subhaga Buddhist God:=Irish Dagda:=Roman Dis.Silvanus] King Subahu.
a goddess attendant on Buddhakapala a Celtic thunder-god in Gaul sudha (see amrita.soma)
Subhamekhala Buddhist consort of Nantsovelta sudhan (see amrita.soma)
a goddess attendant on Buddhakapala He is sometimes depicted with a three- Sudhapani (see Dhanvantari)
Subhinda (see Nandimitra) headed dog and a raven and holding a Sudharma (see Shudharma)
Subhuti Buddhist mallet (or hammer) which he used in Sudharmar (see Shudharma)
[=Tibetan Rab-’byor] two ways. When he struck the earth Sudhavan Hindu
an incarnation of the Grand Lama with it, plants appeared. He also used an archer-god
He is said to have been a Naga in a it to strike the dying to give them a Sudika-Mbambi African
previous existence. quick release. [‘thunderbolt’]
Subrahmanya1 Hindu When depicted beside Nantsovelta, a hero of the Mbundu people of
[Brahmayus.Subramanya] they are accompanied by symbols of Angola
a minister at the court of Shankha prosperity and domesticity. son of Nzuadia
husband of Brahmavati Suchada (see Sujata) twin brother of Kabundungulu
father of Maitreya Suchiloma Hindu He was said to have been born armed
In some accounts, the husband of one of the Yakshas and holding the tree of life, the
Brahmavati and father of Maitreya is Suchimukha Hindu Kilembe, and immediately set off in
referred to as Brahmayus. one of the realms of hell pursuit of the evil Makishi who had
Subrahmanya2 Hindu This region is reserved for the attacked his tribal village, assisted by
[Subramanya] punishment of misers who have the four Kipalende. His first wife was
a warrior-god strands of barbed wire wound round the daughter of a witch but he married
a form of Karttikeya or Skanda their bodies. a second wife, daughter of the king of
son of Agni and Svaha Suchos (see Souchos) the underworld, where he had been
brother of Ganesha, some say Sucking Monster North American swallowed by the fish (or crocodile),
He was created by Shiva to kill an in Indian lore, a monster which sucks Kimbuji, but rescued by his own
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 Sudjumna Sujata

brother, Kabundungulu. The brothers Sugnedydd Welsh into the wilderness and his madness
later fell out and fought, after which father of Sugyn was brought on again when he was
they went their separate ways. Sugriva Hindu assaulted by phantoms. He was found
Sudjumna Hindu [Nala] and cared for by St Moling.
son of Vaivasvata a monkey-god, king of monkeys He was killed by a cowherd, the
He is said to have changed sex quite son of Surya husband of Moling’s cook, who
often. husband of Ruma mistook him for his wife’s lover.
Sudolisa Slav His brother, Balin, deposed Sugriva Suibhne Gelt (see Suibhne Geilt)
a princess but Hanuman sought the help of Rama Suibhne mac Colmain Irish
The ogre Kostey cast a spell on her who killed Balin and restored Sugriva [Sweeney]
which put her into a long sleep. She to the throne. In gratitude, Sugriva father of Conall
was rescued by the prince, Junak. helped Rama in his attack on the He was killed by his cousin, Aedh
In some versions she is described as fortress of Ravana who had abducted Slaine, who was then killed by
a fairy, wisdom personified. Sita, the wife of Rama, building a Suibhne’s son, Conall.
Sudrem Afghan bridge of floating stones from India to Suibhne Meann Irish
[Sataram.Sudaram.Sujum] Ceylon. (see also Nala) [Suibhne Mend.Sweeney]
a Kafir weather-god Sugumonxe (see Nemquetcha) a high-king of Ireland
husband of Nangi-Wutr Sugunsua (see Bohica.Nemquetcha) son of Fiachna
father of Disani Sugyn British husband of Rona
He was created either from the branch a warrior at King Arthur’s court He was killed by Congall Caoch so
of a juniper bush or from the breath of son of Sugnedydd that his foster-father, Domhnall mac
Imra. He could suck up a huge area of the Aodha, could become king. In his
Sudri Norse sea, leaving it dry, to cool a fever in his dying moments, Suibhne threw a
one of the 4 dwarfs supporting breast. In one story he is said to have chess-piece which blinded Congall’s
the sky (south) caused a fleet of 300 ships to be previously damaged eye.
Sudurjaya Buddhist stranded when he drank the sea-water. Suibhne Mend (see Suibhne Meann)
a minor goddess Suhgurim (see Marduk) Suidhe Moling Irish
one of the bhumis Suhrab (see Sohrab) the place where Moling sat when he
Sudurmukha Hindu Sui Jen Japanese adjudicated between the joint high-
an evil king, the second incarnation a man who learned how to produce kings, Diarmaid and Blathmhac
of Kubera (see Kubera) fire by watching a bird pecking a Suijin Japanese
sueje (see suoje) tree Shinto water-gods: a water-nymph
Sueje-lodde Baltic Sui Tengu Japanese Suijin-matsuri Japanese
a Lapp which reveals the names of a sea-god a feast in honour of the water-deities,
those about to die He was a deified emperor who held on December 1st
This spirit is said to appear in the form drowned at sea, aged seven. Suilap Siberian
of a bird. This deity is sometimes depicted in a Tartar deity
Suen (see Sin4.Suin) the form of a woman, Nii-no-ama, son of Kudai
Suffete of the River Phoenician holding a baby. (see also Niidomo) brother of Pyrshak-khan and Tos-khan
a river-beast Suibhne Geilt Irish Suin Mesopotamian
This animal fought on the side of [King Sweeney.Suibhne Gelt:=Welsh [Suen:=Babylonian Sin:=Sumerian Hanna]
Khoser-et-Hasis in his battle with Myrrdin Wyllt] an Assyrian moon-god
Baal. a poet-king of Dalriada Suinin Japanese
Sugaar European husband of Eorann husband of Saho-hime
a male spirit of the Basques father of Aedh Dubh, in some accounts Her wife betrayed him out of love for
This being takes the form of a snake He insulted St Ronan who drove him her brother Saho-bime.
which lives underground but can fly. mad with a form of madness that Suite de Merlin (see Huth-Merlin)
Some say that Sugaar is the devil while enabled him to jump hundreds of feet Sujata Buddhist
others regard him as a form of Maju. and to perch in trees where he grew [Suchada]
Sugarloaf Mountain North American feathers and lived on berries like a wild a Thai heroine
the home of the Karok guardian thing. Others say that he was driven She sustained the Buddha with milk
spirit, Ai’krer mad by the sights he saw at the Battle and rice during his sojourn under
Sugata Buddhist of Magh Ratha. the bo-tree.
a name for the Buddha as one who He was restored to his kingdom by In another story, she donated to a
follows the proper path Loingseachan but later resumed his monastery a large pumpkin. This
(see also Tathagata) life as a wild man, going to Britain changed into a diamond from which
sugi Japanese where he met another lunatic, a mystery man carved a statue of
a tree often planted near a shrine, the Alladhan. After Alladhan drowned the Buddha.
favourite home of the Tengu himself, Suibhne returned home but When she was accused of witchcraft
Sugiwara-no-Michizane was rejected by his wife who was living and beheaded, her head flew up
(see Michizane-no-Sugiwara) with another man. Once again he went to heaven.
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 Sujum Sumana2

Sujum (see Sudrem) Suksma Hindu husband of Mutahbul Bahri

Sukanabikona Japanese a minor god and Onang Kiu
son of Musubi one of the vidyesvaras He is said to have conquered some of
He fell from heaven when he was very Suku African Malaya and married the ruler’s sister.
young and was found by Okuni-Nushi. a creator-god of the Ovimbundu people He later conquered Siam and took
He became Okuni-Nushi’s constant Sukuna-biko (see Sukuno-biko) another wife, Onang Kiu, daughter of
companion, helping him to clear the Sukuna-Hikoni (see Sukuni-Hikona) the king, Chulan. His third wife was
land. One day, he climbed a tall millet Sukuni-Hikona Japanese Mutahbul Bahri, daughter of a sea-
plant which bent under his weight and [Sukuna-Hikoni:=Buddhist Yakushi] king, Aftabul Ardi.
then sprang back, throwing the young a Shinto god of healing and traders After many more conquests, he
god back to the land of Eternity, Sukuno-biko Japanese returned to his home in Malaya riding
Tokoyo-no-kuni. [Sikuna-bikona.Sukuna-biko] the sea-horse, Farasul Bahri.
Sukanya Hindu a dwarf Shinto god of medicine Sulbundu Siberian
daughter of King Saryata a king of Idzumo a shepherd-god
wife of Chyavana He was reputed to know everything Sulevia Roman
She married the sage Chyavana despite and he helped Okuni-Nushi to build [Sulis(-Minerva):plur=Suleviae:
his emaciated condition arising from the world. =British Sul]
asceticism. When he grew old, she In some accounts, he assisted Okuni- a Celtic goddess of thermal springs
tricked the Aswins into restoring his Nushi to quell unrest in his realm. In some accounts, as Sulis, she is
youth by offering them the status of sukuyan (see sukyan) described as a goddess of the under-
gods. When they bathed the sage in sukya South American world and prophecy. Often conceived
a lake and restored his youth, he [=Panamanian neles] as a nourishing, life-giving mother-
offered to worship them, the only one in Honduras and Nicaragua, a shaman goddess.
to do so. These people are said to be able to Suleviae (see Sulevia)
Sukara Hindu cure illness by exercising the spirit Sulini Hindu
a division of Naraka reserved for which caused it and prevent it from a minor goddess
drunkards and stealers of gold returning by tying round the patient a Sulis (see Sulevia)
Sukarasya Buddhist thread which the shaman has passed Sulis-Minerva (see Sulevia)
a minor goddess through a hole in his tongue until it is Sulla (see Sullat)
Sukha Hindu soaked with blood. Sullat Mesopotamian
the capital of Varuna’s undersea sukyan West Indian [Sulla]
realm, Pushpagiri [sukuyan:=Surinam azeman] a minor god, attendant on Samas
Sukhavati Buddhist a female vampire of Trinidad Sulmanitu Mesopotamian
[Blessed Land.Pure land.Sakkavati. These beings beg for salt or matches a Semitic fertility and war-goddess
Hsi-fang chi-lo shih-chieh:=Chinese Hsi and cannot be kept out of the houses of Sulman (see Sulmanu)
T’ien:=Japanese Gokuraku-jodo] those who give to them. Sulmanu Mesopotamian
the Pure Land of the west, ruled by Sul1 British [Sulman:=Assyrian Salman]
Amitabha [‘shining’:=Irish Brigit:=Roman a Babylonian fertility and war-god
This land of pleasure is full of flowers Sulevia.Sulis-Minerva] Sulmech (see Sanju)
and birds, trees covered with precious a goddess of the underworld embodied Sulpae Mesopotamian
stones and lotuses which bathe the in bubbling sulphur-springs a Sumerian god of the planet Jupiter
Buddha in pure light. All those who Sul2 Spanish consort of Ninhursaga, some say
reached this land became male and [Dona Sul] Sulpicius British
here enlightenment is guaranteed. daughter of El Cid and Ximena a pope who, it is said, knighted Gawain
(see also Gokuraku-jodo.Pure sister of Elvira before he joined King Arthur’s court
Land.Taema-mandara) She and her sister married the Counts Sulsaga Mesopotamian
Sukhos (see Souchos) of Carrion. When their husbands a Sumerian sky-goddess
Sukkamielli Baltic ill-treated them, El Cid demanded Sumalini Buddhist
a Finnish goddess of orgiastic love redress. They later married the Princes a goddess attendant on Buddhakapala
Sukla-Tara (see White Tara) of Navarre and Aragon. suman African
Sukra (see Shukra) Sul-pa-e Mesopotamian [plur=asuman]
Sukramukha Hindu a Sumerian fertility and sky-god, among the Ashanti, a talisman
one of the realms of hell Jupiter personified against evil
This region is reserved for the consort of Ninhursaga, some say Sumana1 Buddhist
punishment of tyrants – they are Sul-utula Mesopotamian consort of Champeyya
crushed between huge rollers. a Sumerian god of Eninnu When her husband, in the form of a
Suksendal Baltic Sulana Malay naga, was captured by a snake-
a Finnish deity of nightmares [Raja Sulana.(Raja) Suran] charmer, she pleaded with the king
This being can act either as a succubus a descendant of Alexander the Great who obtained Champeyya’s release.
or as an incubus to have intercourse a king of India Sumana2 Hindu
with sleeping mortals. father of Mencha Terim wife of Dama
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 Sumana3 Sun Halo

Sumana3 Hindu Sumitra (see Su Mitra) some to be based on four periods or

in Ceylon, a prince of the devas
Sumanakuta Hindu
the native name for Adam’s Peak,
regarded as the home of Sumana
sumangat Malay
[semangat.tanoana.tondi]
the soul which, it is said, wanders
away from the body during illness
sumangat negari Malay
a guardian spirit of the town
Sumangurur African
a tyrant with magic powers
His magic powers were derived from
his father, a jinnee, who could be killed
only with an arrow pointed with a
cockerel’s spur. He killed Sunjata’s
brothers and usurped the kingdom.
When Sunjata’s sister, Nyakhaleng,
discovered the secret of the magic,
Sunjata was able to kill the jinnee and
Sumangurur lost his powers, changing
into a bird which flew away leaving
Sunjata in control of his kingdom.
Sumantra Hindu
Indra’s heavenly palace
sumars blot Norse
spring sacrifices to the gods
Sumati Buddhist
a deity, literature personified
one of the dharanis
Sumbha Buddhist
a guardian goddess
one of the dikpalas
She and Sumbharaja are responsible
for guarding of the lowest point of
the universe.
Sumbharaja Buddhist
a guardian god
one of the dikpalas
He and Sumbha are responsible
for guarding of the lowest point of
the universe. He is blue in colour and
his three faces are blue, white and red.
His appearance is wrathful.
Sumbula Arab
the Zodiacal sign Virgo
Sumbur Siberian
[Sumer.Sumur]
a sacred mountain
This mountain appeared out of the
navel of the frog which, lying on its
back, supports the earth.
Sumer (see Sumbur)
Sumé South American
a Brazilian culture-hero
He performed many miracles and
taught the tribes the art of agriculture
before departing for the heavens,
leaving his footprints in the rocks.
Sumeru (see Mount Meru)
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Sumiyoshi-No-Kami Japanese suns. There are, however, several
sea-gods and gods of poets versions of the symbolism of these
They include Munakata-No-Kami periods which are variously given as:
and are worshipped by the Jingu- hunger, wind, fire, water
kogo sect. hunger, fire, wind, water
Summa Norse water, famine, wind, fire
a sun-goddess water, wind, fire, famine
sister of Nanna Others say there were more than four
Summamus Roman periods: in this book, references will be
[‘highest’] found to First, Second, Third, Fourth
an Italian storm-god and Fifth Suns. (see also Ages)
In the Roman pantheon, he was Sun2 Chinese
regarded as the god of the night one of the Eight Diagrams: represents
sky. His festival was celebrated on wind, wood and fowl
20th June. sun3
Summer Country (see Summer the star at the centre of our
Land) solar system
Summer Land British This star is central to many
[Summer Country] mythologies and systems of worship.
the Otherworld, ruled by Melwas (1) In Australia, some tribes say that
Summer Mother North American the sun is derived from an emu’s
a guardian spirit of the Tewa tribe egg which was thrown into the sky.
She guarded one of the two caves in (2) In parts of Central America the
which humans sheltered while the sun is regarded as the home of
earth dried out after the primordial the dead.
ocean had receded. The other cave was (3) The Chinese say that the sun
guarded by Winter Mother. was created by Pan-ku and regard it
Summer-snake charm (see ch’iu-she) as an emblem of the emperor.
Sumono Japanese (4) In Christian tradition the sun is
a spirit of the plum tree regarded as the emblem of the
This spirit appeared, weeping, to Virgin Mary and typifies Christ.
the gardener Hambei when a noble (5) In Egyptian lore the sun is Ra’s
proposed to transplant Hambei’s plum golden boat in which he traverses
tree to his own garden. When the the sky and came from a golden egg
noble tried to kill Hambei, he laid by the Nile Goose.
succeeded only in cutting off a branch (6) Hebrew’s regard the sun as a
of the tree, which fell on his head. symbol of Jahwe’s power.
Sumplegadai (see Symplegades) (7) Hindus regard the sun as the
Sumua Pacific Islands eye of Mitra or Varuna.
a forest-spirit (8) Muslim lore has the sun as the
Sumua was born, a handsome boy, from guardian of financiers and princes.
the union of a woman and a cassowary (9) In Norse mythology the sun
and is credited with giving many gifts, was projected into the heavens
including that of fire, to his people. from Muspelheim, the land of fire.
He is said to have had ten wives, all (10) In Persia the sun-god, Mithra,
mortals. His function as a deity is to was the supreme deity of a major
receive the souls of the dead. cult of sun-worship.
Sumugan (see Sumukan) (11) In South America, the Inca
Sumukan Mesopotamian cult of sun-worship was centred on
[Sumugan.Sumuqan:=Babylonian Sakkan: their sun-god, Inti.
=Sumerian Lahar] Sun Father1 North American
a Hittite god of animals a creator-deity of the Zuni
Sumukha Hindu consort of Underground Mother
a Naga father of Paiyatemu
husband of Gumakesi Sun Father2 (see Page Abe)
Sumuqan (see Sumukan) Sun Halo North American
Sumur (see Sumbur) a sky-spirit of the Klamath
sun1 Central American He followed the sun-spirit, Shel and
an age of the Aztec creation cycle eventually lived in the sky-lodge built
The Aztec cosmology is said by by Kumush.

968
 Sun Hou-shih Sung Ti

Sun Hou-shih (see Sun Hou-tzu) Sun of Water (see First Sun. When Damayanti arrived at her
Sun Hou-tzu Chinese Fourth Sun) father’s court after weeks of
[Monkey King.Sun Hou-shih.Sun Sun Pi (see Sun Pin) wandering, Sunanda took her as one
Wu-k’ung:=Indian Hanuman] Sun Pin Chinese of her attendants.
a monkey-god [Sun Pi] Sunanda2 Hindu
He was a companion of Hsüan Tsang a minor deity, patron of shoemakers one of the Yogini, 8 demonesses
on his journey to India to bring back and cobblers attendant on Durga
the Buddhist scriptures, a story related He was originally a 4th C general who Sunasira Hindu
in Pilgrimage to the West. invented the boot to cover his a god of ploughshares
On the journey to India, he mutilated feet after having had his Sunawavi North American
recovered Hsüan Tsang’s robe which toes cut off. [=Paiute Cunawabi]
had been taken by the Black Bear Sun-ram (see Sore-Gus) a creator-god and culture-hero of the
spirit and helped to rescue him when Sun Sister Inuit Ute
he was captured by monks and again a girl who became the sun When Sunawavi urinated on a small
when he was held captive by the sister of Moon Brother rock it reported this to its father who
White Bone Lady. In one adventure, This girl was visited by a clandestine then chased the hero, killing all the
he met his identical self, in another lover and, by putting paint or soot on various animals that tried to halt its
he recovered the treasure stolen by a her hands, was able to identify him as progress. Finally, it smashed itself to
monster with nine heads and, when her own brother. Appalled, she cut off pieces when it collided with another
Hsüan Tsang was trapped by seven her breasts and flew up into the boulder behind which the fugitive
spider-women, he sought the help of heavens where she became the sun. had taken shelter. As a result,
a Hindu god who rescued the Her brother chased her and, failing to Sunawavi decreed that rocks should
prisoner and his companions. In catch her, became the moon. last for ever.
another country, he overcame a Sun Snarer North American In some accounts he is the brother
demon who had put a spell on the in the lore of the Seneca, a boy who of Coyote.
king who was about to eat the hearts captured the sun Sunbearer (see Tsohanoai)
of over 1,000 young boys and, when This boy, whose clothes were burnt Sunda Hindu
his companions were captured by the by the sun, made a noose of pubic a god of the seasons
Leopard Spirit, he turned himself hair and lassoed the sun. As a result, brother of Upasunda
into a firefly to effect their rescue. In the sun nearly died from strangulation These brothers were never apart and
India, a woman killed her husband and the earth grew dark. The animals ruled together in harmony. Brahma, at
for his wealth and accused Hsüan became afraid and, one after the their request, made each brother
Tsang of the crime but she received other, chewed at the rope until it invulnerable, except to each other, but
her just deserts when Sun Hou-tzu finally parted and the sun shone once then asked Vishvakarma to create the
restored the man to life. again. beautiful Tilotamma with whom both
Some say that he was born from a Sun Tear Irish brothers fell in love. They fought over
fruit-stone and was made king of the the name given to Der Greine, in some her and each killed the other.
monkeys by the emperor. He once accounts Sundara1 Buddhist
made war on the hosts of heaven but Sun Wu-k’ung (see Sun Hou-tzu) a goddess attendant on Buddhakapala
was captured by the celestial dog, Sunah-sepa Hindu Sundara2 Hindu
T’ien Kou. He was said to be able to son of a Brahmin a goddess
cover 3,000 miles in one leap and once Harischandra had promised to an aspect of Shiva as ‘prosperous’
leaped to the edge of the universe in a sacrifice his son to Varuna but delayed Sunde (see Jundei Kwannon)
vain attempt to prove himself greater it by various ploys. When the boy Sung Chinese
than the Buddha. came of age, he hid in the forest to a minor deity of the underworld
He is also described, in another escape death and eventually persuaded Sung Chiang Chinese
story, as a monkey-fairy who stole the a Brahmin to sacrifice his son, Sunah- a minor deity: a mortal who became
peaches of immortality from the sepa, in his place in exchange for the patron god of thieves
magic tree at the home of Hsi Wang several herds of cattle. The young (see also Chi)
Mu and the pills of immortality from victim prayed to the gods and his Sung-gi-gval-po
Lao Chun. When he tried to assume bonds fell away. He became a pupil (see sGun-gi-rgyal-po)
the role of Governor of Heaven, the of Vishvamitra and later became Sung Shan Chinese
Buddha shut him up in a mountain a great sage. a sacred mountain, one of the Five
from which he was released after 500 Sunama Hindu Holy Mountains known as Wu Yüeh
years by Kuan Yin. brother of Kansa Sung Su-k’ung Chinese
(see also Hanuman) He was one of those killed by the one of the 3 deities regarded as
Sun of Air (see Second Sun) young Krishna. patrons of tea
Sun of Earth (see Fourth Sun) Sunan Ambu (see Ambu Dewi) Sung-ta Tibetan
Sun of Fire (see Third Sun) Sunanda1 Hindu a horoscope used in fortune-telling
Sun of Jaguar (see First Sun) a princess Sung Ti Chinese
Sun of Rain (see Third Sun) daughter of Subahu the third of the Ten Yama Kings
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 Sung-tzu Kuan-yin Sura Uthaka

Sung-tzu Kuan-yin Chinese Sunstone (see Syamantakara) them to an island where a wizard
a name for Kuan Yin as the giver Sunsum African painted them and they became the
of children a god of the Ashanti Supernatural People.
Sung Yün Chinese In some accounts, the soul of the tribe They appear in the stories of Blue
a 6th C pilgrim which was concealed in the golden Jay and his sister, Ioi, as the beings
He was said to have met Bodhidharma stool which came (or was brought by who restored to life the corpse that
who was returning on foot to the Anochi) from heaven when King Osai Blue Jay had married.
Pure Land carrying one sandal in his Tutu was crowned. Superwise (see Atrahasis)
hand. sunya Buddhist Suphlatus
Suniti Hindu [sunyata] a dust-demon
wife of Uttanapada the void: Nirvana Supidini Japanese
mother of Dhruva sunyata (see sunya) [‘mud-lady’]
Her husband expelled Suniti and her suoje Baltic a Shinto goddess
young son, Dhruva, from his court at [sueje] consort of Upidini
the behest of his younger wife and a spirit invoked by a Lappish sorcerer These two deities were produced
they lived together in the forest until This spirit can be passed on to a from a branch of the primaeval god,
Dhruva was seven when he left to find descendant or marriage partner – Umashiashikabihikoji.
his father. even purchased. Suppinabiles British
Sunjata African suovetaurilia Roman a knight at King Hoel’s court
[Sonjara.Soundiata] a sacrifice of pig, sheep and ox He went to the court of King Arthur
a Mali prince Supaka (see Gobaka) and told of Tristram’s marriage to
son of Fata Kung Makhong and Suparikirtitanamasri Tibetan Isolde, Hoel’s daughter. There he
Sukulung a Buddhist god of medicine heard that Tristram was false to his lady.
He was seven years in the womb and one of the sMan-Bla Suppliant Women Greek
seven years old before he walked. Suparna (see Garuda) a play by Aeschylus about the
When Sumanguru killed Sunjata’s Suparnakumara Jain Theban wars
brothers and usurped the kingdom, a minor god Suppliants, The Greek
Sunjata’s sister, Nyakhaleng, slept with one of the 10 Bhvanavasi a play by Euripedes about the
Sumanguru and discovered his secret. Suparshva Jain Theban wars
She told her brother who shot the seventh Tirthankara Suprabha East Indian
Sumanguru’s father, a jinnee, with an Supavasu Hindu in the Javanese version of the
arrow tipped with a cockerel’s spur, the one of the Yakshas Mahabharata, she was the wife
only thing that could kill him. As a Supay (see Cupay) of Arjuna
result, Sumanguru lost his magic Superi Roman Supratika Hindu
powers, turned into a bird and flew the gods and other inhabitants of one of the Dikpalas or the elephant
away, leaving Sunjata in control of his the heavens (see also Inferi) helping him
kingdom. Superior Gods North American Supreme August Jade Emperor
Sunna Norse [High Ones] (see Yü Huang Shang Ti)
a sun-goddess 4 creator deities of the Sioux Supreme Goddess Hindu
a name for Sol, in some accounts These deities are given as Inyan, Maka, a name for Devi
sister of Sinthgimt and Nanna Skan and Wi and they are regarded as Supreme Lord Hindu
Sunottara Hindu aspects of Wakan Tanka. When they a name for Shiva
a hunter who caught Chadanta, felt lonely, they created other deities Supreme Lord of the August
the elephant-bodhisattva such as the Associated Gods, the Heaven (see Huang-t’ien Shang Ti)
Sunrta Hindu Kindred Gods, etc. until there were Suqe-mutua Pacific Islands
a fertility-goddess sixteen deities known as Tob Tob. a bad spirit of the New Hebrides
Sunset Serpent African Supernatural Mother (see Binah1) the fork-headed ruler of the dead
[Copper Dragon.Indombe] Supernatural People North American Sur-mumy Russian
a huge serpent caught in a trap and [Divine People] a river-goddess of the Votyaks
killed by Itonde a race of semi-divine people, Sura1 Hindu
Sunsetland North American inhabitants of the land of the a king of Mathura
[House of the West] dead father of Kunti
in the lore of the Navaho, In the lore of the Haida, they were Sura2 Hindu
the home of Estanatlehi originally ten brothers who were a benevolent minor god
This land is thought of as existing far trapped by nightfall on a mountain and These gods were opposed by the
to the west, where the sun sets. found themselves transported back to Asuras.
Sunshaft North American the plains when, one by one, they Sura3 (see Varuni)
a Mexican deity threw themselves into the flames of Sura Uthaka Thai
After the flood sent by Hokomata had their camp-fire. They took aboard a Khmer king
subsided, he and Waterfall mated with their canoe a woman whose hands When he upset Thanamun, the snake-
Pukeheh to repopulate the world. had been burned and took her with king, that king’s followers undermined
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 Surabhi Susabo

the capital city which then sank into Surgat (see Aquiel) a copper-bodied sun-god
the ground. Thanamun coiled himself Suria East Indian son of Dyaus and Aditi or Prithivi
round Sura Uthaka and drowned him [=Hindu Surya] son of Brahma or Kasyapa, some say
in the river. a Javanese sun-god husband of Sanjna
Surabhi Hindu Surid Egyptian father of Mana, Revanta, Yama and Yami
[Nandini.Surabji] a king father of Karna by Kunti
the cow of plenty He ordered the construction of two father of the Aswins, Soma and Ushas,
mother of Hamsika and Nandi pyramids in which were stored written some say
mother of Rohini and Subhadra, accounts of all current knowledge. He is regarded as one of the Dikpalas,
some say Surites (see Curicaberis) guardian of the south-west with his
This sacred animal was the tenth Surluse British elephant Kumuda.
thing to be produced at the Churning the realm of Galahad in Lyonesse He assimilated Savitri and Vivasvat.
of the Ocean. Surma Baltic His wife, Sanjna, unable to face his
It had the power to grant wishes a monster guarding the Finnish brilliance, left him to become a mare
and was the mother of Shiva’s white underworld, Tuohela in the forest where he found her. They
bull, Nandi. This beast was envisaged as an mated, with Surya in the form of a
Some say that Brahma granted enormous pair of fanged jaws without stallion, producing the Aswin twins
Surabhi a heaven of her own, called a body. and the warrior, Revanta. Sanjna left
Goloka, into which devotees who have Suringx (see Syrinx) her maid, Chhaya, to take her place
given cows are permitted to enter. Suro Russian and Surya fathered three children on
In some accounts, Surabhi is the a sacred mountain, home of the gods her during his wife’s absence. His
same as Nandini though others say This mountain is in the third storey brightness was later reduced by
that Nandini was the cow owned by of heaven. Vishvakarma, Sanjna’s father.
Vashishtha which was one of the many Surong Gunting East Indian In some accounts, Surya is Agni,
calves of Surabhi, as was the bull a culture-hero of the Iban people worshipped as the sun and these two
Nandi. He learned the arts of agriculture from forms, plus Trita (lightning) are
In others she is equated with the stars and the rituals of birds from referred to as Tryambaka.
Kamadhenu. his grandfather, Sengalong Burong, He is depicted as dark-red, three-
Surabji (see Surabhi) and passed his knowledge on to the eyed, and four-armed, sometimes
Suradevi (see Varuni) tribe. riding in a one-wheeled chariot drawn
Suraksini Buddhist Surpanaka (see Shurpanakha) by four or seven red or white horses
a goddess attendant on Buddhakapala Surpanakha (see Shurpanakha) driven by Aruna.
Surali (see Ovda) Sursunabi (see Ursanapi) (see also Dharmesh.Marttanda.
Suran (see Sulana) Sursunabu (see Ursanapi) Pushan.Vivasvat)
Surangama Buddhist Surt (see Surtur) Surya-Bai (see Suryaa)
a bodhisattva Surtr (see Surtur) Surya Narayana (see Surya)
Surasa Hindu Surtur Norse Suryaa Hindu
a female demon [Surt(r)] [‘shiner’.‘sun’.Surya-Bai]
She was a defender of the fortress of a Fire Giant a sun-goddess
Ravana against the attack led by the ruler of Muspelheim daughter of Surya or Savitri
Hanuman and she pulled Hanuman husband of Sinmora wife of Chandra
under water by his shadow and father of Glaur She rides in a chariot with the
swallowed him. He escaped by father of Suthung, some say Aswin twins and, in some accounts,
increasing his size to force her to open He was armed with a flaming sword is their consort.
her mouth and then reducing his size and set the world on fire in the last Others regard her as a female aspect
and shooting out through her ear. battle, Ragnarok, where he killed Frey. of Surya.
Suratan-tura Russian In some accounts, he was a Suryabhauma Hindu
a celestial god, guardian of women manifestation of Loki. one of the Dikpalas or the elephant
in childbirth Surupa Hindu helping him (see also Kumuda1)
Suratha Hindu a ram-goddess Suryananta East Indian
a king daughter of Surabhi a sun-prince, in the lore of Borneo
When Suratha was deposed, he She is one of the four supporters of the husband of Tungung Buih
became a hermit and met Somadhi at heavens, standing at the eastern corner. He found the maiden Tungung Buih
the hermitage of the sage Medhas. Surush (see Sraosha) standing in a waterfall and married
Together they started a new cult, Surya Hindu her.
worshipping Devi, who granted each [Bhaga(savitar).Dharmesh.Diakara.Dina- Suryaprabha (see Jalinprabha)
of them one wish. Suratha was given a kara.Grahapati.Karma-Sakshi.Mahadeva. Suryapuja Hindu
kingdom to rule over. Mart(t)anda.Mitra.Ravi.Savitar. a spring festival in honour of Surya
Suresvara Hindu Savitri.‘shiner’.‘sun’.Surya Narayana. Susa-no-o (see Susanowa)
a god Vivasvat: =Greek Apollo.Helius: Susabo
one of the ekadasarudras =Javanese Suria] a demon associated with voyages
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 Susama Susama Svadilfare

Susama Susama Jain retrieved the magic sword, Kusanagi, Sutra3 Jain
the first period, a golden age from the dragon’s tail. [Sutta]
In this supremely happy age, it was In some accounts he is identified scripture, especially the life of
said that all women bore twins and with Kompira. (see also Buto1) Mahavira
died a few weeks later, so avoiding Susera-hima (see Suseri-hime) Sutta Buddhist
the infirmities of old age. All that Suseri-hime Japanese the Pali form of the Sanskrit
was required for existence could be [Susera-hima.Suseribime] Sutra
found growing on trees in addition to daughter of Susanowa Sutta-Pitaka Buddhist
lots of fruit. Life was perfect, without wife of Okuninushi 5 collections of the Buddha’s
pain or sin. She eloped with Okuninushi after teachings, part of the Tripitaka
Susano (see Susanowa) tying the sleeping Susanowa to a beam Suttung Norse
Susano-Wo (see Susanowa) by his hair. [Suttungr]
Susanoo (see Susanowa) Suseribime (see Suseri-hime) a giant
Susanowa Japanese Susetka (see Domovik) son of Surtur, some say
[Gozo Tenno.Gozu Tenno. Sushena Hindu brother of Baugi
Impetuous Male.Susa-no-o. a physician who could restore the brother or son of Gilling
Susano(o).Susano-Wo.Take-haya dead to life father of Gunlod
Susanowo.Withering Wind of Summer] Sushna Hindu When his brother (in some accounts,
the ox-headed Shinto sea-god and [Susna.Witherer] his father) Gilling and his wife were
god of fertility and storms a drought demon killed by the dwarfs Fialar and Galar,
son of Izanagi and Izanami When Sushna was fighting Kutsa, Suttung captured them but was
brother of Amaterasu and Indra stopped his sun-chariot and prevailed upon to spare their lives
Tsuki-yoni pulled off one of the wheels which he when they promised to give him the
consort of Inada used as a weapon to defeat Sushna. magical brew they had made from the
consort of Miyazu, some say Susinak Persian blood of the sage, Kvasir, whom they
father of Kamu-O-Ichi-Hime, the god of Susa had killed earlier. Suttung entrusted
Koto-shiro-nushi, O-Toshi, Susna (see Sushna) the three containers of this wondrous
Shita-teru, Suseri, Take-minakata Susravas Hindu brew to his daughter, Gunlod, who
and Ya-Shima-Ji-Nu-Mi a sun-god concealed them in the centre of a
father of Idakeru and Okuninushi, Sus’sistinnako North American mountain. When Odin, in disguise,
in some accounts [‘spider’] seduced Gunlod and drank all the
He was born from the nose of Izanagi a creator-god of the Sia Indians brew, making off in the form of an
and cracked the necklaces of his sister He is envisaged as a spider and is said eagle, Suttung flew after him but just
Amaterasu between his teeth and, by to have made mankind by singing failed to catch him. The gods lit a fire
breathing on them, produced five new and playing on a spider’s web. The on the battlements which burnt
gods. It was Susanowa’s depredations first mortals he made were Nowutset Suttung’s wings and he fell into the fire
on earth that frightened Amaterasu and Utset. and was killed.
and caused her to shut herself away in Susquatch (see Bigfoot) Suttungr (see Suttung)
a cave; as a result, he was banned from Sut1 Muslim Suty (see Sutekh)
heaven and thereafter lived on earth, a jinnee who causes people to lie Suvarnamacha Siamese
begging food from O-Ge-Tsu-Hime- son of Azrael or Eblis a sea-goddess, appearing as a
No-Kami. Some say he was banished Sut2 (see Set.Sutekh) mermaid
to the land of Yomi. Sutala Hindu Suvinange African
He is said to have conquered Korea one of the 7 realms of Patala an earth-god in Dahomey
and grown trees from his own hair Sutalidihi North American son of Dada Zodji and Nyauhwe
planted on the mountainsides. a sun-god of the Cherokee Ananu
In some stories, Okuninushi is not Sutekh Mesopotamian His function is to transport offerings
his son but a son-in-law who eloped [Ja-stak.Setekh.Setes(h).Sut(esh).Suty: made to the gods and to act as
with his daughter Suseri-hime after =Babylonian Ramman:=Hittite Pappas: their messenger.
tying Susanowa to a beam by his hair. =Egyptian Rimmon.Set] He is envisaged as having a bald
In one story, he found Ashi- a Hurrian weather-god human head on the body of a vulture.
nadzuchi and his wife, Te-nadzuchi, In some accounts he is identified Suwa Arab
saying a tearful farewell to their with Teshub. an early sun-goddess
daughter, Inada-hime, who was due Sutesh (see Sutekh) Suwanzipas Mesopotamian
to be devoured by an eight-headed Sutra1 Buddhist a Hittite deity
dragon, Yamato-no-Orochi. Susanowa [Sutta] Suyudana (see Duryudana)
turned the girl into a comb, tempted a collection of sacred writings, Svadilfare Norse
the dragon with saké which made it so the sayings of the Buddha [Svadilfari.Svathilfari]
drunk that Susanowa was able to kill Sutra2 Hindu the horse of a giant architect
it, and then restored the girl to her [Sutta] This animal helped its owner to
normal form and married her. He a book of ritual build the wall round Asgard but was
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seduced by Loki, in the form of a Svar1 Hindu Svaru Hindu

mare, so that the work was not a sun-god a deity who conveys sacrifices to
finished within the stipulated period. svar2 (see svark) the gods
The offspring of this union was the Svar-Loka (see Svarga) Svarva (see Svava)
eight-legged horse, Sleipnir. Svarbhanu Hindu Svasthavesini Hindu
Svadilfari (see Svadilfare) one of the asuras a terrible goddess
Svafnir1 Norse The eclipse of the sun was attributed to She is depicted with three heads and
a name of Odin as a snake Svarbhanu; that of the moon occurred three eyes.
(see also Ofrir) when it was swallowed by Rahu. svastika Hindu
Svafnir2 Norse Svarga-Loka (see Svarga) [=Buddhist swastika]
a snake which gnawed the twigs of Svaraghosaraja Tibetan a symbol of Surya, the sun-god
the ash-tree Yggdrasil a Buddhist god of medicine a symbol of Shiva or Vishnu,
(see also Ofrir) one of the sMan-Bla some say
Svaha1 Hindu Svarga Hindu Such a cross, with its arms pointing
a minor goddess [Devaloka.Indra-Loka.Jarog.Nandana. clockwise, is regarded as a symbol of
daughter of Daksha and Prasuti Rarach.Rarog.Suarga.Svar(ga)-Loka. the sun; one with counter-clockwise
wife of Agni, some say Swarga:=Buddhist Trayastrimsa] arms represents the moon, or the
In one story of the birth of Karttikeya, one of the 7 realms of the universe, female principle, and is known as a
Svaha seduced Agni, taking the form the paradise of Indra sauvastika.
of each of the wives of the Seven Rishis Svarga is the home of the Apsarasas Svasud Norse
whom the god had seen bathing. The and the Gandharvas. [Svathusr]
result of this episode was the six- The capital city of this land is known a mild and lovely god
headed boy, Karttikeya. as Amaravati. a benevolent giant
Svaha2 Hindu Svargapati Hindu father of Summer
the food of the gods a name for Indra as ‘lord of heaven’ Svathilfari (see Svadilfare)
Svald (see Ivald) svark Hindu Svathuthr (see Svasud)
Svalin Norse [svar] Svati Hindu
[‘cooler’] a word said to have been uttered by [Nistya]
a shield Prajapati which caused the sky to a goddess of fortune
This shield was made by the gods be created (see also Svarga) one of the naksatras
to protect the sun-chariot and the Svarog Slav daughter of Daksha
horses drawing it from the direct heat [Jarog.Rarach.Rarog.Svarogu: wife of Candra
of the sun. =Baltic Svantevit] Svaul Norse
Svalk (see Svaul) a supreme god and sky-god [Svalk]
Svandovit (see Svantevit) father of Kresnik, some say a river of Niflheim, one of the 12
Svanhild (see Swanhild) In some accounts he is the father of rivers known as Elivagar
Svanhit Norse Dazhbog and Svarozic, in others Svarog Svava Norse
a maiden loved by both Hromond is the heaven of the eastern Slavs. [Svarva]
and Balder (see also Svantevit.Svarozic) a Valkyrie
Svanhvit Norse Svarogich (see Svarozic) daughter of Eflimi, some say
a swan-maiden Svarogu (see Svarog) She fell in love with the mortal
She flew to earth with her sisters, Alvit Svarozhich (see Svarovic) Helgi, told him where to find a magic
and Olrun, to bathe. They left their Svarozic Slav sword and protected him when he
wings on the shore where they were [Svarogich.Svaroz(h)ich.Svarozici] went into battle.
seized by the brothers Egil, Slagfinn a sun-god, smith-god and god of fire, In some accounts she is Gudrun.
and Volund, who kept the maidens as especially the fire used to dry grain (see also Kara.Sigrun)
their wives for nine years before they son of Svarog or Svantevit Svayambhu Hindu
recovered their wings and flew away. brother of Dabog [Svayambhuva]
Svantevit Baltic In some accounts he is the same a name for Brahma as creator
[‘energy’.Iarovit.Svandovit.Svantovit. as Svarog. Svayambhuva (see Svayambhu)
Sventovit.Svetovid.Svetovitu. Svarozich (see Svarovic) Svegdir Norse
Swietowit.Triglav:=Slav Porenutius. Svarozici (see Svarozic) a man immured in a stone
Rod.Rugievit.Svarog] Svarrtheim (see Svartalfheim) A dwarf told him that he would find
a Latvian god of crops Svartalfar (see dwarfs) Odin inside a stone. He entered and
and war Svartalfheim Norse was never seen again.
In some accounts he is the father of [Svartalfaheim.Svartheim] Sveinn Norse
Dazhbog and Svarozic. the home of the Black elves: the son of Yngvarr
He is depicted as having four heads underground home of the dwarfs He travelled to Heliopolis and married
and riding a white horse. Svartalfaheim (see Svartalfheim) the queen, Silkisif, whose love had
(see also Svarog) Svartelfar (see dwarfs) earlier been rejected by his father
Svantovit (see Svantevit) Svartheim (see Svartalfheim) Yngvarr. After some years, he left her
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and returned to Sweden with many to earth and lived in a lake. Some say (5) Norse legends have the
tales of adventure to tell. that he gave magic powers to the boy Valkyries appearing in the form of
Svetambaras Jain who dived into the lake and who is swans and in another story three
a Jain sect remembered in the Swaikhway swan-maidens flew to earth to
Sventovit (see Svantevit) ceremony. bathe and were unable to return to
Svetovid (see Svantevit) swallow1 Greek heaven when Slagfinn and his two
Svetovit (see Svantevit) a bird sacred to Aphrodite brothers seized the wings the girls
Svetovitu (see Svantevit) It was said that dead children had left on the shore while bathing.
Sviagodh Norse could revisit their homes in the form (6) In Serbia, the Vila (water-spirits)
a name of Frey in Sweden of swallows. sometimes appear as swans.
Sviagris (see Brisingamen) swallow2 Muslim Swan Knight European
Sviagriss (see Brisingamen) a sacred bird which is said to make an [Elias.Helias.Helyas]
Svigdur (see Ivald) annual pilgrimage to Mecca son of Oriant and Beatrix
svikiro African swallow3 Roman brother of Oriant
a medium used as an oracle by the a bird sacred to the Penates father of Ida
gods and spirits of the Korekore Swallow-Ashes Charm Six boys and a girl were born to
Svipdag Norse (see shao hui t’un fu) Beatrix but were taken by Oriant’s
[Eric.Erik.Herrick,Skirmir.Svipdagr] Swallow People North American mother, Matabrune, who gave them
son of Orvandel and Groa the inhabitants of the Blue World to her servant, Marcon, with
brother of Hadding In their ascent to the upper world, the instructions to have them destroyed,
a mortal who wooed Freya as Menglod Navaho spent some time in the Blue replacing the children with seven
In some accounts he rescued her from World but were forced to move on puppies. Unable to kill them, Marcon
the giant Fiolsvid, took her back to upwards when one of their number abandoned the children in a wood
Asgard and married her. seduced the wife of the chief of the where they were found and reared by
In another story, his father was Swallow People. a hermit. Oriant refused to believe
captured by Halfdan who forced swampanger North American his wife guilty of adultery and put her
Orvandel to shoot an apple from his a fabulous animal (see also augerino) in prison rather than sending her to
son’s head. Svipdag later killed Halfdan. swan1 European the stake.
Svipdag was killed by Hadding who a graceful water bird with a long Another servant, Maquares, later
mistook him for the monster he was neck, usually white found the children, recognising them
disguised as. (1) In Greek myths the swan is by the silver necklets which had been
Some regard Svipdag as an aspect sacred to Apollo whose soul was round their necks at birth. On the
of Odur. said to reside in it. orders of Matabrune, he took the
Svipdagr (see Svipdag) Zeus himself took the form of a necklets from six of the children who
Svithiod Norse swan to seduce Leto. immediately turned into swans and
a home of Odin and deified heroes, (2) In the German story of flew off. The seventh child, a boy,
some say Lohengrin the Swan Knight, the was away at the time and was
Svurtalfar (see dwarfs) hero travelled in a boat drawn by saved from this fate. The necklets
Svutaf Roman swans and when rescuing Elsa, were to be melted and made into
an Italian god in the form of restored her brother Godfrey, who goblets but the silversmith made two
a youth with wings had been turned into a swan, to his goblets from one necklet and kept
Svyatogor Russian former self. the other five.
a giant In a different story of the Swan Sixteen years later, Matabrune
He boasted that he could lift the Knight, the six children of Oriant persuaded Oriant to put his wife to the
world but, when he tried to lift a small and Beatrix were turned into swans. stake but the remaining son, who had
bag that had been left lying in the The seventh child, the boy Elias, been baptised as Elias in the
road, the weight forced him into the escaped and appeared later as the meantime, defeated a champion
earth from which he never escaped. Swan Knight to rescue his mother appointed by Matabrune and saved his
In later, Christian myths, he became from the stake and, at that time, the mother’s life. At the same time, the
Ilya Muromets. other six children regained their children who had been turned into
Swaikhway North American human form. swans regained their human form –
a ceremony of the tribes of (3) In Hindu lore the bird is sacred except for the boy whose necklet had
the northwest to Brahma and is regarded as the been melted down.
This rite celebrates a boy who was said bird which laid the cosmic egg. Elias took up the cause of the
to have met spirits living in a lake and (4) In the Irish legend of the Duchess of Bouillon, killing and
was given magic powers. Children of Lir, the three sons decapitating the usurper Reinier and
(see also Swaixwe) and one daughter of Lir were marrying the duchess’s daughter,
Swaixwe North American turned into swans by Lir’s second Beatrix, whom he instructed never to
a sky-spirit of the tribes of wife and were forced to spend ask about his real identity.
the northwest three periods, each of 300 years, in En route to their new home, they
This spirit was said to have come down that form. were attacked by Saxons. Galien,
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leader of the escort was killed but the He is said to have created animals Gwrnach Dyrnwyn
Saxons were defeated and the party and birds. Heimdall Hofud
reached Bouillon safely. Seven years Sweeney (see Suibhne) Heime Blutgang.Miming
later, Beatrix asked the forbidden Sweet-eyes Pacific Islands Hogni Dainslef
question and Elias left her, travelling daughter of Degei Hrolf Krakki Skofnung
in a boat drawn by the remaining Sweet Medicine North American Iring Waske
swan-brother who was later restored a culture-hero of the Cheyenne Izanagi Ame-no-wo-ha bari
to human form in a ritual involving the Born to an unmarried maiden, he was Kanyarundi Inkoto
two goblets made from his necklet. abandoned as a baby but grew up to be Kari Life-taker
On the death of his father, Elias a great medicine-man. His story of King Arthur Caleburn.Chastiefol
succeeded to the throne of Illefort but how he is instructed by the spirits and Excalibur.Marmyadose
later abdicated in favour of his brother, then teaches his people how to live Sequence
Oriant, and became a monk. properly is another version of the King Ban Courchouse
In a separate German tradition, the story of Arrow Boy. Koll Greysteel
Swan Knight was Lohengrin. Swelling Earth Chinese Lugh Answerer.Claidhimh Soluis
(see also Lohengrin) a magical substance, stolen by Fragarach.Freagarthach
swan-maiden Norse K’un from Huang Ti, used to Sword of Light
a Valkyrie: a girl who can change into construct dams Manannan Answerer.Dioltach
a swan Swem African Fragarach.Freagarthach
swan-shift a rock from which the Tiv people Mimingus Mistillteinn
a magic garment, made of swan originated and which radiates the Mo-li Ch’ing Blue Cloud
feathers, which enabled the wearer vital energy, Tsav Muhammed Al battar.Da’hul Fakar
to turn into a swan Swemmel German Hatef.Medham
Swanaya Hindu a musician at the court of Etzel Ogier the Dane Cortana.Courtain
a king noted for his generosity He and Werbel were sent to invite Sauvagine
Swanhild Norse Gunther and his nobles to visit Etzel’s Oliver Glorious.Hauteclaire
[Svanhild] court at midsummer. Ortnit Rosen.Rosse
daughter of Sigurd and Gudrun Swietowit (see Svantovit) Otuel Corrouge
When Gudrun, desolate after the Swinburne, Algernon English Partinal Grail Sword
death of Sigurd, went to live with his (1837-1909) Rhydderch Dyrnwyn
step-father, Elf, she took the young a poet and dramatist Rinaldo Flamberge.Floberge
Swanhild with her. When she was later He wrote Atalanta in Calydon, Fusberta
forced into an unhappy marriage with Erechtheus, Tristram of Lyonesse, etc. Rogero Balisardo
Atli, Gudrun left her daughter with Elf Swinging the Lord Krishna Roland Durindana
and his wife Thora. (see Jhulanayatra) Sigmund Balmung.Gram.Nothung
In some stories, Swanhild was sword Sword of Need
reunited with her mother after she had a weapon, often with magical Sir Bevis Morglay
killed Atli and fled to become properties, featured in Sir Galahad Sword in the Stone
the wife of King Jonakur. Swanhild many myths Sword of Strange Girdles
became betrothed to Ermenrich, Some of the more famous swords Sir Lancelot Arondight
king of the Goths, who sent his son are listed below: St George Ascalon.Askalon
Randwer and a servant, Sibich, to sword of: Tethra Orna
escort her to the royal palace. Sibich Ali Zuflagar Thoralf Skolinson Quernbiter
lied to the king, claiming that Agrican Tranchera Foots-breadth
Randwer had seduced Swanhild on the Angantyr Tyrfing Vishnu Nandaka
journey and the king had his son Antar Djamy Wittich Miming
hanged and Swanhild trampled to Arthgallo Chrysaor Yamato Kusanagi.Murakumo
death by horses. Beowulf Hrunting.Nagelring Yorimasa Shishi-o
In a Danish version, she was Biausdous Honorée Sword Age Norse
Svanhild, wife of Iarmerik, and she Brahma Asi one of the 4 ages referred to in
was accused by Bikki of adultery Charlemagne Flamberge.Joyeuse the Eddas
with the king’s son, Broder. Her fate Cuchulainn Caladin Sword in the Stone British
was the same. Dietlieb Welsung in the Arthurian legends, a sword
Swarga (see Svarga) Dietrich von Bern Nagelring set in a block of stone
swastika Buddhist Doolin Merveilleuse There are two such swords. The more
[fylfot.grammadion:=Hindu svastika] Ecke Eckesax famous of the two is the sword which
a Buddhist cross: a magical El Cid Colada.Tizona could be drawn only by the man
sun-symbol (see also yun-drun) Fergus Caladcholg destined to be king of Britain. The
Sweat Lodge North American Finn mac Cool Mac an Luin other was destined for Galahad.
a creator-god of the Sanpoil Frithiof Angurvadel When a successor to Uther was
tribe Gassire Dama Ngile sought, Merlin arranged for a sword
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 Sword of Light Symplegades

embedded in a block of stone (and, in Syama1 Buddhist Syen Slav

some versions, an anvil as well) to a devoted son [Ovik]
appear in the churchyard near to an incarnation of the Buddha guardian spirits of the household
where the assembled peers were to Syama devoted his life to caring for These spirits can enter the body of a
make their choice. Only Arthur was his aged parents who were blind. He man or an animal.
able to draw the sword from the was killed by a king who was so Syenabhrita Hindu
stone, so establishing his claim to the impressed with Syama’s devotion that a name for Soma
throne. In some stories, this sword he took the care of the old couple This name, ‘eagle-borne’, reflects the
was Excalibur and had that name upon himself. Syama was then fact that his journeys to earth are made
engraved upon it; in other versions, restored to life by Bahusodari who had on the back of an eagle.
Excalibur was the sword which given birth to him. Syfwlch British
Arthur received from the hand rising Syama2 Hindu a warrior at King Arthur’s court
from the lake, an event organised by one of the 2 dogs of the underworld son of Cilydd Cyfwlch
Merlin when Arthur told him he was Syama3 Hindu brother of Bwlch and Cyfwlch
without a sword. a name for Shiva as ‘black’ husband of Llwyrddyddwg
The second sword, set in a block of Syama-Jataka Buddhist father of Eisywed
red stone, floated down the river to the story of the devoted son, Syama He was the owner of a dog called
Camelot where Galahad had just Syamantakara Hindu Gleisad and a horse called Cafall. He
arrived. He was the only knight able to [Sunstone] was one of those whose help Culhwch
withdraw the sword which he claimed a precious stone was required by Ysbaddaden to obtain
and put into his empty scabbard. This jewel was said to bring great in the hunt for Twrch Trwyth, as part
Sword of Light wealth to its owner if he were virtuous of his quest for the hand of Olwen.
(see Claidhimh Soluis) but the wicked would be destroyed Syga-tojon Siberian
Sword of Need Norse by it. a name for Ulu-tojon as ‘axe-lord’
Sigmund’s sword, Gram Syamatara Buddhist Sygny (see Signy)
Sword of Strange Girdles British [=Tibetan sGrol-Ilang] Sygtyr (see Sigtyr)
[Sword of Strange Hangings.Sword of a goddess Syiyr-ajak (see Yskal-pydo-murt)
Strange Renges.Sword of the Strange Belt] a form of Tara (green) Sykites (see Sycites)
the sword of David appearing in an incarnation of Bhrkuti Sykraken (see Kraken)
the Grail Quest Syarul Baria Malay Syleus Greek
The hilt of this sword was made of the an Indian princess an outlaw of Lydia
rib-bones of the papalust and the daughter of Kaidu He forced travellers to work for him in
ortenax. It had been used by Varlan to wife of Iskandar his vineyards but when he tried this on
kill Lambor and had once been found mother of Arisatun Heracles, who was at that time acting
by Nascien who drew the sword to Syavarsham (see Siyawush) as a slave to the queen Omphale, the
defend himself from a giant, but the Sybacco hero killed him with his own hoe.
blade broke into two pieces. Evelake a devil with horns and 3 eyes Sylgyl Norse
put the two pieces together and they Sybil (see Sibyl) a river of Niflheim, one of the 12
became rejoined. Other versions say Sychaeus Greek rivers known as Elivagar
that it was mended by Galahad. [Acherbas.Sichaeus.Sicharbus] Syllis Greek
In another story, Parlan drew the a king of Tyre a nymph
sword and was pierced through the a priest of Heracles sylph
thighs by a flying lance. husband of Dido an elemental spirit of the air
This sword was found by Galahad He was killed by Dido’s brother In some accounts, they now live on
and his companions on the Grail Pygmalion but Dido escaped taking Mars or Venus.
Quest when they boarded a ship much of her husband’s wealth with sylphid
covered in white samite. It was her. [sylphide]
originally the sword of David and was In some accounts, Dido’s husband a little sylph: a wife or daughter
placed in the ship by Solomon whose was Acherbas. of a sylph
wife had made the original hangings. Sycites Greek Sylvan (see Silvan)
When it was found by Galahad [Sykites] Sylvanus (see Silvan)
and Percival, Dindrane made new a name for Dionysus as a fig-tree god Sylvia (see Rhea Silvia)
hangings, using her hair. Sycorax British Sylvius (see Silvius)
Sword of Strange Hangings a demon or witch in The Tempest. Symaethis (see Simaethis)
(see Sword of Strange Girdles) Sydonay (see Asmodeus) Symir (see Sini)
Sword of Strange Renges Sydyk1 Canaanite sympathetic magic
(see Sword of Strange Girdles) [Sedeq] wonder-working involving mimicry of
Sword of Tethra (see Orna) a supreme god real phenomena
Sword of the Strange Belt father of Eshmun (see also envoutement)
(see Sword of Strange Girdles) In Babylonian lore, Sydyk is referred Symplegades Greek
Swordbearer (see Saxsnot) to as Kittu. [Clashing Rocks.Cyanean Rocks.
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 Syn Szeuka

Sumplegadai.Wandering Rocks] synochitis when he cured her, she married him.

rocks or islands at the entrance to a stone said to have the power to Sytry
the Black Sea conjure up demons and compel them [Bitru.Sitri]
These rocks, regarded as living beings, to answer questions a demon
the offspring of Gaea, moved towards Syr Norse one of the 72 Spirits of Solomon
one another threatening to smash a name of Freya as ‘sow’ This being is said to control love affairs
passing ships. They finally became Syria Dea (see Anat.Syrian Goddess) and appears in the form of a man with
fixed in position after failing to smash Syrian God (see Adonis) wings and the head of an animal.
the Argo on her voyage to Colchis. Syrian Goddess Mesopotamian Szelene Greek
(see also Planctae) [Dea Syria.Syria Dea:=Greek Aphrodite] wife of Endymion
Syn (see Sin4) a name of Astarte or Atargatis Szeuka North American
Synafor European Syrinx Greek a creator-god of the Pima tribe
a Saracen king [Nonacris.Suringx] son of Earth-maker
He captured Guillaume and held a nymph His father had created the world and
him prisoner for seven years until daughter of Peneus human beings but the water-spirit,
Guillaume’s nephew raised an army She was changed into a tuft of reeds Great Eagle, who preyed on humans,
and rescued his uncle. Synafor was to escape the advances of Pan who sent a flood to destroy the god’s
killed in the subsequent fighting. took seven pieces of the reed and handiwork. Only Szeuka survived and,
Synge, J. M. Irish fashioned a set of pipes. when the waters subsided, he killed
(1871-1909) Syrna Greek Great Eagle and re-created humans
a dramatist wife of Podaleirius from the bones and bodies left behind
He was the author of the play Deirdre She was a king’s daughter who fell by the flood. It turned out that the
of the Sorrows. from a roof and injured herself. eagle had not caused the flood – it had
Synia (see Sin4) Podaleirius was shipwrecked on the merely brought a warning of its
Synnytar (see Luonnotar) shore of her father’s kingdom and, impending arrival.
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 T
Ta-aroa Pacific Islands Ta-hsek-khi Burmese Ta-no-Kami Japanese
[Rua-i-tupra:=Marshall Islands Loa] the first man, created by Hkun Hsang a Shinto god of agriculture
a Tahitian creator-god Long He is sometimes identified with Ebisu
father of Rai-tubu He and the female Ya-hsek-khi were or Daikoku.
Some say that he hatched from a born in tadpole form. After eating a Ta Pedn Pacific Islands
cosmic egg and used the shell to gourd, they mated and were given the god of a negrito Malaysian
create earth (Fa’ahotu) and sky (Atea), new names. He became Ta-hsang-khi tribe the Semang
others that he created the world (Yatawn) and they produced a daughter He is envisaged as seated alongside
inside the shell of a mussel, others called Nang-pyek-kha Yek-ki. his wife on a multi-coloured mat in
that he built the universe from his Ta Hsüeh Chinese the sky.
own body. Some say that he pulled up [Great Learning] Ta-ren-ya-wa-gon
the islands from the bottom of the the seventh of the 9 major works of (see Tarenyawagon)
ocean on a hook and fishing-line. the Confucian canon, dealing Ta-shih-che Chinese
He also made men from red clay with ethics [Ta-shih-chih]
and later put a man to sleep, took a one of the Four Books the Chinese version of Mahasthama
bone from his body and, from it, made Ta-hui Ch’an-shih (see I-hsing) In this version the bodhisattva is
the first woman. (see also Tagaloa. Ta-Itza Central American female.
Tangaloa.Tangaroa) a Mayan chief Ta-shih-chih (see Ta-shih-che)
Ta-Bitjet Egyptian He loved the maiden Sac Niché and Ta-urat (see Tauret)
a scorpion-goddess abducted her. She, however, did not Ta-uret (see Tauret)
consort of Horus love him and drowned herself in a lake Ta-urt (see Tauret)
T’a Chi Chinese to escape his attentions. Ta-uz Mesopotamian
a concubine of Chou Wang Ta-lo Chinese a festival in honour of Tammuz
T’a Chi was a particularly wicked the highest of the 36 Taoist heavens Ta Wei Chinese
woman who incited the emperor to Ta-mo Chinese the constellation Ursa Major, the
deeds of great cruelty. [=Indian Bodhidharma:=Japanese Daruma] Great Bear, site of the Jade Palace
In some accounts she was executed a Brahmin of Yü Huang
while others say that she changed the founder of the Ch’an Tsang school Ta Yü (see Yü)
herself into a puff of smoke to escape of Buddhism Taapac (see Thunupa)
death at the hand of T’ai Sui, Chou the Chinese version of Bodhidharma Taara Baltic
Wang’s son. Angry with himself for falling asleep, he [Tharapita]
Ta-chun Chinese cut off his eyelids to prevent a recurrence. an Estonian sky-god, in some accounts
a Taoist immortal, one of a The first tea plants grew where the Taaroa Pacific Islands
celestial trinity eyelids landed. He is said to have crossed a Polynesian creator-god
Ta-hsang-khi (see Ta-hsek-khi) a river riding on a single reed. He emerged from an egg which
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 Taaut Taepo

existed in the primaeval waters and These tablets, made by Marduk’s Tadaklam Pacific Islands
produced Rai-tubu. scribe, were said to confer great power a thunder-god in Luzon
In Tahiti they say that he created on the holder. They were carried by He owns the lightning-dog, Kimat.
Hina and mated with her to produce Kingu leading the primal forces in Tadanobu Japanese
the world while in Hawaii the earth their struggle with the gods and taken [Tadonobu]
and sky were produced by Rai-tubu. by Marduk when he killed Kingu. a servant of Yoshitsune
In some accounts, the seas resulted They were later stolen by Zu but When his master used the skin of a
from the sweat of Taaroa’s labours. recovered by Ninurta. vixen to make a drum, the animal’s son
Taaut Phoenician taboo entered Tadanobu in revenge, making
[=Egyptian Thoth] [tabu.tapu] him a fox-man.
a deity said to have invented writing a prohibition on something Tadhg mac Cein Irish
Tabakea Pacific Islands considered to be holy or unclean son of Cian of Munster
[Turtle] Tabris brother of Airnealach and Eoghan
a primordial god of the Gilbert Islands a demon of free will husband of Li Ban
brother of Na-kaa Tabuariki Pacific Islands He fought against Ulster at the Battle
He and Tituabine produced all the [Tabuerik] of Crionna in alliance with Cormac
other deities of the Gilbertese pantheon. a thunder-god of the Gilbert Islands mac Airt, the high-king, who promised
Tabasco (see Tlapallan) Tabuerik (see Tabuariki) a reward of as much land as he could
Tabele African Tabulae Iguvinae drive round in his chariot. The king
a royal drum (see Iguvine Tablets) bribed the driver to traverse an L-
This instrument was fetched from Taburimai Pacific Islands shape to exclude Tara, the home of the
heaven by a vulture at the behest of a semi-divine ancestor of the high-kings of Ireland.
Lagare. When he beat the drum, a Gilbert Islanders When his wife and sons were carried
new city, Wagandoo, sprang up in the son of Bakoa and Nai Nguiriki off by Camthann, king of Fresen, he
desert. father of Te-ariki-n-tarawa set sail in pursuit but found himself
tabi Arab Bakao’s first offspring were fishes, in the Otherworld where he and his
the familiar of the Arab sorcerer then came Taburimai, a human, and crew were entertained by Cessair, the
This spirit is said to pass on secret Teanoi, a shark. The fishes intended first woman to reach Ireland. They
knowledge to the sorcerer. to kill ‘the fish with legs’ so Teanoi stayed for a year which seemed like a
Tabiti Russian carried him on his back to the safety single day and then sailed for Fresen.
[=Roman Vesta] of Samoa. Tadhg killed Camthann, installed his
a winged Scythian fire-goddess Tacatecutli Central American nephew as king and brought his family
Table Man British an Aztec god of pedlars and travellers safely home.
a rock on which the 7 kings of Tachebrune European Tadhg mac Nuadhat Irish
Cornwall celebrated their victory a horse of Ogier father of Murna
at Vellendrucher Tachi African When Cumaill eloped with Tadhg’s
Table of the Sun a mischievous deity daughter Murna, he ordered Goll mac
(see Ethiopian Table) He is said to be visible only to those Morna to kill him.
Table of the Wandering married women with whom he Taditkara Buddhist
Companions British consorts. The children of such unions [Vidyadhara]
a table at the court of King Arthur are deformed. a goddess of light
Not all the knights were members of Tachibana (see Ototachibana) consort of Yamataka
the Round Table. For those others, Tachti Baltic Tadonobu (see Tadanobu)
this table was used. a Finnish god of the Pole Star tadu East Indian
table-rapping tachtli Central American a priestess in the Celebes
knocking sounds said to impart an Aztec ball-game These women have a role interceding
communications from the spirit-world It was believed that this game was with the gods when a mortal dies.
table-turning played by the gods. (see also walian)
movements of a table said to imply Tacritan Tae South American
the presence of departed spirits a demon of earth-magic a goddess of the Tukuna tribe
Tablet of Emerald (see Luah) Tacu North American Tae Kieh (see T’ai Chi)
Tablet of the Soul Chinese husband of Auzar Taema-mandara Japanese
a board inscribed with the name of a father of Chinigchinich, some say the paradise of Amida (see also
deceased emperor Tacuaree South American Kwangyo-mandara.Sukhavati)
Tablets of Destiny Mesopotamian a Guarani maiden Taenarum (see Cape Taenarum)
[Book of Destinies.Dup Shimati. daughter of Saguaa Taenarus (see Cape Taenarum)
Dupshimati.Tupsimati] Tacuma African Taepo New Zealand
tablets recording the fate of the the name for the Ashanti character a Maori ghost which has power
living and the decrees of the god Ntikuma in the Americas and the only during the hours
of the underworld West Indies of darkness
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 Tafai T’ai Chi

Tafai (see Tawhaki) then returned to the earth from which tahmahnawis North American
Tafaki New Zealand he arose. supernatural power, in the lore of
a shaman who was said to have His words were passed down the the Chinook
visited heaven generations and recorded in the Tahmurath Persian
Tafner Egyptian Twelve Books of Tages. [Takhma Urupi]
wife of Horus of Two Eyes In some accounts, the ploughman a hero-king
a form of Hathor was Tarchon while others say that son of Vivahvant
Tafua Pacific Islands Tages is the same as Tarchies. brother of Yima
a Polynesian rain-god tages2 Roman His exploits are recorded in the Shah
Tagaloa Pacific Islands Etruscan deities Name. He is said to have taught his
[=Hawaiian Kanaloa:=Maori Tangaroa: These beings take their name from the people the arts of agriculture and
=Tahitian Ta’aroa:=Tongan Tangaloa] deity, Tages, and were said to read the spinning wool.
a Samoan sea-god future from the entrails of animals. He overcame Angra Mainyu but
father of Fue and Tuli Tageuk (see Tahgook) the angry god turned on Tahmurath,
His offspring, Tuli, was a bird and taghairm Scottish who was riding on his back, and
Tagaloa caused a rock to rise from the divination: seeking inspiration by lying ate him.
bed of the primordial ocean so that on an oxhide behind a waterfall Taho Japanese
Tuli had somewhere to build a nest. Taghut Arab a form of Amida
He later split the rock into many parts a deity worshipped in pre-Islamic one of the 5 Dhyanibodhisattvas,
to form the islands of the Pacific. times in some accounts
(see also Tagaroa.Tangaroa) Tagil Tahquitz North American
Tagamaling Pacific Islands a moon-demon an evil spirit of the Indian tribes
a type of Buso Tago (see Tages1) tahu1 African
This being alternates between a Tagtug Mesopotamian [sau]
human being and a Buso, changing [Tut(t)u:=Babylonian Marduk] in the lore of the Efe, forbidden fruit
each month. a Sumerian hero who was deified eaten by Baatsi’s wife
Tagaro Pacific Islands son of Ea or Enki, some say Tahu2 Pacific Islands
a creator-god of the New Hebrides son of Nintu, some say a magician in the lore of
(Vanuatu) In some accounts he was originally a the Tuomotuans
brother of Suqe-mutua deity who lost his immortality and son of Atea and Fa’ahotu
husband of Vinmara is condemned to a life as a worker. As Tahua1 New Zealand
one of the 11 brothers of Qat Tagtug he is a tailor; as Tibir he is a a Maori hero
He made models of humans from metalworker and as Uttukki he is a He was the only man to escape
mud, using them as skittles. One of the weaver. when Tuwhakapau laid an ambush for
figures mated with the fruit he used Tahaki (see Tawhaki) Manawa who came to arrange the
to bowl them over, so producing the Tahekeroa New Zealand wedding of his son to Tuwhakapau’s
first children. the Maori land of the spirits in the daughter.
When a group of maidens flew centre of the earth tahua2 Pacific Islands
down from heaven and took off their (see also Aratiatia.Irihia) teacher-priests of ancient lore,
wings to bathe, he stole one pair of Tahgook Korean magic and medicine
wings and hid them. The girl could [Tageuk:=Chinese T’ai Chi: Tahuantin-Suyu-Kapac
not leave without her wings so she =Japanese Tomoye] South American
stayed on earth and married Tagaro. a symbol representing the 2 opposing the 4 sons of Inti, the Inca sun-god
She later recovered her wings and flew principles of nature with a red These four are given as Ayar Ayca, Ayar
back to her home in the sky. comma and a blue comma inside Cachi, Ayar Manco and Ayar Oco.
When he is on earth, he is visible a circle (see also Children of the Sun)
only to the dead. Tahinariki Pacific Islands Tahuti Greek
In some versions, there are two – mother of Pere, some say [Tehuti]
Tagaro the Wise, the creator, and Tahit North American the Greek version of Thoth
Tagaro the Foolish who destroyed a Tlingit god of fate Tai Chen Chinese
much of the other’s work. Tahiti Tokerau Pacific Islands a king
(see also Tangaroa) daughter of Tawhaki husband of Wan
Tagaroa (see Tangaroa) mother of Rata T’ai Chi Chinese
Tages1 Roman Puna abducted her, made lights from [Tae Kieh.The Great Pole]
[Tago] her eyes and then buried her upside the first fixed point in time and space
an Etruscan deity or first man down in the sand. Rata came to her to emerge from the primordial chaos:
He was said to have been uncovered rescue and killed Puna. the origin of all creation: a circular
when a field was being ploughed and Tahli Hindu symbol representing the opposing
took the form of a grey-headed child [Talee.Tali] forces of Yin and Yang with black
of immense wisdom which he passed a talisman bearing the image of and white comma shapes
on to the rulers of Etruscan cities. He Lakshmi worn by Brahmin women (see Hun-tun.Tahgook)
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 T’ai Ch’u Taise

T’ai Ch’u Chinese T’ai Sui Chinese thereafter, apart from earthquakes
[The Great First] a god of astrology caused when one of them moved, the
the first stage of the Great son of Chou Wang and Chiang world remained steady.
Change, T’ai I On the advice of the evil concubine He again created men from sticks
In this period, it is said that form T’a Chi, the child T’ai Sui was aband- and, when the first one died, Taikomo
(Hsing) developed. oned and the queen, Chiang, was buried him. He allowed him to return
T’ai I1 Chinese thrown to her death from a high to life the next day but the others
[The Great Change] building. The boy was rescued and complained of the smell of decay
the state which evolved after the raised by Ho Hsien-ku and, when he so Taikomo gave up the idea of
creation of T’ai Chi, involving 2 reached maturity, sought vengeance. resurrecting the dead.
periods of change, T’ai Ch’u and He was about to execute T’a Chi tailed men European
T’ai Shih when she changed into a puff of smoke a fictitious race of humans with tails
T’ai I2 Chinese and vanished. (see also Yin Chiao) Dwellers on the Continent once
[T’ai Yo Ta Ti] T’ai Sui Hsing Chinese asserted that the English had tails
god of the Pole Star a god of time, Jupiter personified while others said that this was true
god of the eastern peak of T’ai Shan T’ai Sung Chinese only of the Cornish people and Jews.
He determined the date of the birth [T’ai-tsung] Tailltinn (see Battle of Tailltinn)
and death of all humans and animals an emperor Tailopa Buddhist
T’ai I3 Chinese When he dreamt of demons, three of a great sorcerer, one of
[Chiu-kung T’ai I.The Great Monad] his ministers took turns in guarding the Mahasiddhas
a primordial Taoist god his door. They were later immortalised He is depicted as a seated man, naked
He lives in the constellation Tzu-kung. as the Three Door Gods. and holding a rope.
T’ai I Ching Chinese T’ai-tsung (see T’ai Sung) Tailteann Games Irish
the essence of the great creator T’ai Yang Chinese an event honouring Taltiu, foster-
T’ai Kung Wang (see Chiang Tzu-ya) the sun, in astrology mother of Lugh
T’ai-lao-tao Chinese T’ai Yin1 Chinese Tailtiu1 (see Battle of Tailltinn)
the second Taoist god, an emanation the moon, in astrology Tailtiu2 (see Taltiu)
of Yü Huang T’ai Yin2 Chinese Tailtu (see Taltiu)
T’ai Shan1 Chinese a celestial princess Tain bo Cuailnge Irish
[Mount T’ai] She chose the mortal Lu Chi for her the story of the Cattle Raid of Cooley
a sacred mountain, one of the Five husband but he, after meeting her in Tain bo Fraich (see Tain bo Fraoch)
Holy Mountains known as Wu Yüeh the palace of the Dragon King, Tain bo Fraoch Irish
This site is regarded as the starting changed his mind and returned to [Tain bo Fraich]
point of the sun-chariot’s journey or, earth. a tale of a cattle-raid
some say, is the site of the underworld. T’ai Yo Ta Ti (see T’ai I2) In the story, Fraoch a handsome
T’ai Shan2 Chinese T’ai Yüan Chinese warrior, sought the hand of Findbhair,
a goddess of the mountain T’ai Shan a primordial goddess daughter of Maev and Ailill, and
the lady of the whirlwind consort of Pan-ku retrieved Findbhair, their three
daughter of Tung Hai mother of Yüan Shih children and their herds which had
wife of Hsi Hai (see also Niang Niang) Taichue Pacific Islands been carried off in a cattle-raid.
T’ai Shan3 Chinese a sea-god In some accounts, they had been
[T’ai Shang] Taiki African taken to a castle in the Alps and Fraoch
the third Taoist god, controller of earth a Hausa spirit said to cause was helped in their rescue by Conall
an emanation of Yü Huang stomach illness Cearnach.
He is regarded as the deity in charge Taijas Hindu Taiowa North American
of the celestial Ministry of the Five fire, one of the 5 forms [=Zuni Paiyatemu]
Sacred Mountains, Wu Yüeh, and acts of Parabrahma a Hopi creator-god
as a guide of souls. Taikomo North American father of Sotuknang
T’ai Shan Kun Chinese [=Kato Nagaitco:=Sinkone Kyoi] Taipan
the seventh of the Ten Yama Kings a creator-god of the Yuki tribe of the a name for the Rainbow Snake
T’ai-shang (see T’ai Shan3) southwest coastal area Tairi New Zealand
T’ai-shang lao (see Yü Huang) He created the earth and made men father of Nganaoa
T’ai Shih Chinese from sticks but it was all destroyed in He had been missing for many years
[The Great Beginning] a flood. The second world he made when his son killed three monsters
the second stage of The Great had no animals for the people to eat and found both his father, Tairi, and
Change, T’ai I so they ate each other until the world his mother alive in the belly of one
In this period breath (Ch’i) developed. was destroyed by fire. He then made of them.
T’ai Su Chinese a third world and placed animals taisch (see taish)
[The Great Primordial] under the corners of the earth to hold Taise Irish
the combination of form and breath, it steady. When it still wobbled, he daughter of Donn, king of
giving rise to substance (Chih) made the animals lie down and the Otherworld
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 taish Takshaka1

She was betrothed to Congall Taka-Okami Japanese Take-Mika-Dzuchi

Clairingseach and, when Nabgodon a Shinto god of mountain rains in the (see Takemikadzuchi)
tried to seize her for himself, Congall form of a dragon (see Kura-okami) Take-Mika-Zuchi
killed him. Taka Rita New Zealand (see Takemikadzuchi)
Another story says that she loved sister of Tawheta Take-minakata Japanese
Finn mac Cool and was rescued by second wife of Uenuku son of Susanowa
Goll mac Morna and Oscar when her She slept with two other men and Take-no-uji-no-sukune Japanese
father’s soldiers held her prisoner. Uenuku killed all three of them. As a a deity of longevity and wisdom
taish Scottish result, Tawheta and Uenuku became He was a mortal, a statesman who
[taisch] enemies and fought. lived for 300 years, who was deified.
an apparition of the dying: second- Takachiho Japanese Takemikadzuchi Japanese
sight a sacred mountain [Take-Mika-(D)zuchi]
Taishaku Japanese This is the site where Ninigi landed a Shinto god of thunder
the Japanese name for Indra when he came down to earth. and swordsmen
Taisho Issaikyo Buddhist Takadai Japanese one of the Raijin weather-gods
the complete Buddhist scriptures a samurai He was one of the envoys (the other
in Chinese, occupying 55 volumes He committed suicide by drowning was Futsu-Nushi), sent by Amaterasu,
Taistealach Irish but his soul was reborn as a seagull. to depose the earth-god, Okuni-
a warrior of the Fianna Takahama Japanese Nushi, so that her grandson, Ninigi,
A very strong man, he defeated the an old man living near a cemetery could take over the throne.
wrestling champion of Daire Don at He had been betrothed to Akiko but Takeminakatatomi-no-mikoto
the Battle of Fionn’s Strand. she died just before they were to be Japanese
Taisumale Pacific Islands married and he spent the rest of his a deity of Lake Suwa
a Samoan god of war, envisaged life visiting and tending her grave. (see also Yasakatome)
as a bat (see also Sepi Malosi) When he became too ill to visit the Takeru Japanese
Tajikara-wo Japanese grave, Akiko came to him in the form an outlaw
[Prince Mighty Power] of a white butterfly just before he died. Prince Yamato came to his camp
a deity of great strength Takama-ga-hara Japanese disguised as a woman, got the outlaw
He stood near the entrance to the [Eterna;l Lands.High Plains of drunk and then killed him.
cave where Amaterasu had hidden Heaven.Takama-no-hana] Takhma Urupi (see Tahmurath)
herself and, when she looked out to the home of the early deities, the Taki-tsu-hiko Japanese
see Izume dancing, he seized her by Shinto heaven [Takitsuhiko]
the wrist and pulled her out. He then It is said that the Mikado joins the a rain-god and god of the waterfall
placed the rope, Shiri-kume-na nawa. gods on this heaven when he dies. son or father of Aji-Shiki-Taka-
across the entrance to stop her from Takama-no-hana Hiko-Ne
re-entering. (see Takama-ga-hara) Takitis Mesopotamian
Tajima-mori Japanese Takamimusubi Japanese an attendant on Hebat
a man who visited the underworld [Taka-gi-no-kami.Taka-Mi-Musubi] Takitsuhiko (see Taki-tsu-hiko)
and picked an orange from a tree a Shinto creator god Takkiraja Buddhist
growing there one of the 5 Separate Heavenly Deities a guardian god
Tajin Central American one of the Eight Imperial Deities one of the dikpalas
[=Aztec Tlaloc:=Mayan Chac:=Mixtec grandfather of Ninigi He is responsible for the south-
Tzahui:=Zapotec Cocijo] He formed ten men from mud, eastern direction.
a group of Totonac rain-gods breathed life into them and then Taklimtu Mesopotamian
Another version gives Tajin as the turned one of them into a warrior. an Assyrian ceremony in honour
Totonac name for Tezcatlipoca. He sent Ninigi to earth to quell of Dumuzi
tak-keng Burmese the unrest in Idzumo and later threw Takobah (see Mount Rainier)
posts bearing the skulls of the back the arrow fired by Waka-Hiko, Takotsi Nakawe Central American
dead killing him. (see also Zoka-no-sanshin) a vegetation goddess of the
It is said that the ghosts of the dead Takara-bune Japanese Huichol Indians
hover round the skulls and drive away [Treasure-ship] mother of Tatevali
evil spirits which would otherwise a ship Taksaka (see Takshaka)
destroy the crops and herds. This vessel, which carries the Shichi Takshaka1 Hindu
Tak Pern Malay Fukojin, is said to come at New Year [Taksaka]
the supreme being with many wonderful gifts such as a a snake-god
husband of Jalang hat which confers invisibility, a never- one of the mahanagas
In some accounts, Jalang was his sister. empty purse, etc. He was asked by the son of a hermit to
Taka-gi-no-kami Takaro Pacific Islands help avenge an insult offered to his
(see Takamimusubi) a creator-god in the New Hebrides father by the king, Parikshit. With a
Taka-Mi-Musubi Take-haya Susanowo troop of nagas in the form of monks,
(see Takamimusubi) (see Susanowa) Takshaka attacked the fortress which
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 Takshaka2 Tallaus

the king had built in a lake and choked Tali (see Tahli) the influence of a particular planet
Parikshit to death while his monks Taliesin1 Welsh will communicate that influence to
burnt the building to ashes. [Taliessin] the wearer.
Takshaka2 Hindu a 6th C poet, author of The Book In African lore, such an object may
a name for Vishvakarma of Taliesin sometimes be active, attacking the
as ‘carpenter’ Taliesin2 Welsh owner’s enemies.
takusen Japanese [Shining Brow.Taliessin] Muslims may carry a talisman, in
an oracle conveyed by a medium from a bard and wizard the form of words from the Koran
a spirit or a deity father of Addaon written on a scrap of paper, as
Takuskanskan North American Ceridwen, a witch, boiled a magic protection from illness.
a trickster-god of the Dakotas brew to yield just three drops of a Talking God (see Hashje-Altye)
tala East Indian liquid which would give all knowledge talking heads
oil found in a well in the underworld to whoever drank it, intending it for a frequent theme in mythology is
In the lore of Java, this oil makes one her ugly son, Avagddu. The boy that of the head which continues
invulnerable. Gwion whom she employed to stir the to speak after it has been severed
Ta’lab Arab brew inadvertently swallowed the from the body
a moon-god of the southern region drops when they splashed on to his (1) In the Arthurian story of Gawain
Talac British hand and he licked them off, so and the Green Knight, the Green
a vassal of King Arthur acquiring the supernatural knowledge. Knight’s head spoke and challenged
When Talac rebelled against the king, Ceridwen chased after him when he Gawain to a rematch after Gawain
Arthur besieged his home, the Castle ran off and, after several shape- had cut it off in a beheading contest.
Rougement. Yder decided to help changes, eventually caught him, she in (2) The German fairy tale, The
Talac and defeated all Arthur’s knights. the shape of a hen, he as a grain of Goose Girl, mentions the horse,
When Kay treacherously plunged a wheat. She swallowed the wheat-grain Falada, which continued to speak
sword into Yder’s back, the others and found herself pregnant with to the girl through its decapitated
were so appalled that they called a Gwion who, when born again, was head nailed over a gateway.
truce and Talac and the king were thrown into the sea in a sack. He was (3) The Greeks say that the severed
reconciled. caught in a fish-trap (or, some say, head of Orpheus floated down the
Talaios Greek found inside a leather wallet at the river still singing.
[Teleios] weir) and rescued by Elphin who (4) In Irish lore, Bran’s head con-
a name for Zeus in Crete reared him, calling him Taliesin. tinued to speak for many years
Talaipo Pacific Islands Another version makes him the son until it was buried at the White
a magic canoe of Eimon and Olwen while others Mount, and Conary Mor’s head
This boat, made by the bird-spirits maintain that he was created by the spoke to thank Mac Cecht for the
during the course of just one night, was magician Gwydion. drink of water he had brought.
given to the Samoans and is handed When Elphin was thrown into (5) In Norse mythology, Odin
down through generations of chiefs. prison by his uncle Maelgwn, for preserved the head of the giant
talar-disir Norse boasting that his bard, Taliesin, was Mimir and frequently consulted it
evil spirits: a description used the best in the country, Taliesin while another story says that he
for the Norns (see also disir.vala) obtained his release by winning a brought the head of the king,
talaria Greek bardic contest. Minos, from Crete and used that
the winged sandals presented by the He was one of the seven survivors of as an oracle.
gods to Hermes the battle between Bran and Matholwch. (6) The North American Natchez
Talatala Hindu Some writers have suggested that he tribe have the story of Elder
one of the 7 realms of the was reincarnated as Merlin. Brother and Younger Brother in
underworld, Patala Taliesin3 Welsh which the head of the latter harries
Talatumsi North American the story of the bard in one version of the former.
a Pueblo dawn-goddess The Mabinogion (7) The Philippine god, Montinig,
Talaus Greek Taliesin, Book of (see Book of Taliesin) carried on speaking, after being
a king of Argos Taliesin Through Logres English decapitated, mocking his attackers.
son of Bias and Pero a book by C. W. Williams about the Tall Towers British
husband of Lysianessa or Lysimache bard of Arthurian legend the building in which Gingalin was
father of Adrastus, Aristomachus, The Logres of the title is an old name trapped by the Hags of Gloucester
Eriphyle, Mecisteus and Pronax for England. Tallas British
Talay Mesopotamian Taliessin (see Taliesin) a king of Denmark
[‘dew’] talisman He besieged Urien’s castle and cap-
daughter of Baal [amulet.charm.telesm] tured Laris. King Arthur came to the
Talee (see Tahli) an object which gives protection, rescue and lifted the siege. Claris
Talhaern British strength or magic powers rescued Laris who became king of
a bard on the boat which carried the to its owner Denmark when Tallas was defeated.
dead King Arthur to Avalon Some say that a talisman made under Tallaus (see Taulus)
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Talli North American foster-mother of Lugh which was used, with other lures, to
a culture-hero of the Lenapé Indians She died as a result of her efforts in entice her to come out.
Talliya Canaanite clearing the forest of Breg when the Tama-nui-a-Rangi Pacific Islands
one of the wives of Baal Danaans conquered the Fir Bolg. The a Polynesian god of light
Tallwch Welsh feast of Lugnasad is held in her son of Rangi and Heke-heke-i-papa
the name of Tristram’s father in honour. Tama-nui-ate-Ra (see Ra2)
Welsh stories Talus1 British Tama-nui-te-Ra (see Ra2)
talonhaltia Finnish a man, in The Faerie Queene, Tama-nui-ite-Ra (see Ra2)
a guardian spirit of the household made of iron Tama Rangi New Zealand
Talos1 Greek He punished liars with a metal flail. a name for Maui
[Calus.Kalos.Perdix.Talus] Talus2 (see Talos) tama-shizume Japanese
an apprentice and nephew of Daedalus Talvolte North American a rite performed over the sick to
son of Polycaste a leader of the tortoise clan, a survivor quieten the spirit and prevent it
He is credited with the invention of of the flood from leaving the body
the saw and died when Daedalus, Tam1 Scottish Tama-yori Japanese
jealous of his nephew’s skills, hurled a hero who killed the Loch-wife [Tamayori]
him from the top of the temple Tam2 (see Atum) daughter of Watatsumi
of Athena. The goddess turned Talos Tam-chhen Tibetan sister of Otohime
into a partridge. a demon wife of Amasuhiko
Talos2 Greek Tam Kung Chinese mother of Jimmu Tenno
[Man of Brass.Talus] a sea-god She came from her father’s undersea
guardian of Crete He was a young boy, emperor of realm to take over Amasuhiko, the son
father of Phaetus China, who, with his servant Ho of her sister Otohime, who had been
Talos was a bronze, bull-headed giant Wang, jumped to his death from a cliff left on land when Otohime left her
forged by Hephaestus for King when Kublai Khan invaded. He was husband. When the boy grew up, they
Minos, with the help of the Cyclopes. later deified. married and had four children, the
Some say he was given by Zeus to Tam Lin Scottish youngest of whom, Toyo-mike-nu, was
Europa when he carried her off to a magician who could turn himself later known as Jimmu Tenno.
Crete. He patrolled the coasts of into various animal forms Tamacaui South American
Crete three times a day to repel He was captured by the queen of faery a hero of the Xingu tribe of Brazil
invaders and could kill by standing in but his lover, Janet, held him firmly He defeated all the enemies of his
a fire to heat himself up, and then while he changed into various animal people and was killed only when they
enclosing people in his red-hot grasp. shapes, finally freeing himself from the all joined forces and attacked him.
He had just one vein which carried all queen’s enchantment. Many of those who were in the final
his vital fluid and which stretched tama1 Buddhist battle died afterwards – they had eaten
from his head down to one ankle the third eye of the Buddha his flesh which was poisonous.
where it was sealed with a stopper or Tama2 Japanese Tamahnous North American
membrane. He died when this a servant of Kazaruja Kyubei among the tribes of the north-west,
stopper was removed when he was She used all her wages to buy a guardian spirit
attempting to repel the Argonauts by memorial tablets for her dead parents Tamana Japanese
throwing huge rocks at their ship and and, when she died, left what little she wife of Totaro
there are conflicting stories of how owned to her mistress. She returned in She promised to marry Totaro if he
this came about. In one story, Medea the form of a fly and died only when would give her 10,000 jewels. With the
lulled him into sleep and removed the Kyubei’s wife decided to give the help of the shark-man, Samebito, he
plug or cut the membrance: in money to the priests. was able to meet this condition.
another, Medea prayed to Hades and tama3 Japanese Tamanduare (see Tamendonar)
he caused Talos to graze his ankle on an entity which gives life to anything, Tamano-no-maye Japanese
a rock. Another version says that he be it animal, human or a natural a fox-witch
was shot in the foot by Poeas, a story feature: an aspect of a deity: a deity This being, a fox with an eight-forked
which assumes a vulnerable spot in or spirit: the spirit of an ancestor tail, could become a beautiful woman
the heel. Tama4 Pacific Islands and, in this form, ruined many
Talthubios (see Talthybius) a sky-god important men. Her ugliness was
Talthybius Greek He rescued the infant Maui who had finally revealed in a magic mirror
[Talthubios] been thrown into the sea. which robbed her of her powers and
a herald of the Greeks at Troy, later tama-matsuri Japanese she was killed by an army which
worshipped as a hero a festival honouring the spirits emerged from this mirror and chased
Taltiu Irish of the dead her as she fled. (see also Nasu-no)
[Telta.Tailt(i)u] Tama-No-Ya Japanese Tamanui New Zealand
daughter of Duach, king of the a Shinto god of jewellers a Maori chief
Great Plain When Amaterasu shut herself away in husband of Rutukia
wife of Eochaid mac Erc a cave, Tama-No-Ya make a necklace His wife left him and ran off with
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Tu-te-Koropanga so he went to heaven clashing rock, Itha-Irapi; in each case, Hey-Tau, Kingu or Ningirsu; others
to learn the wisdom of his ancestors the dead brother was restored to life say that Tammuz was killed by a boar.
who taught him magic. He found his by his sibling but they never found He was one of the doorkeepers of
wife dancing at a feast arranged by out which one of them was the son of heaven and was associated with the
her new husband and lured her away a god. constellation Orion.
with a magic scent. He then cut off In some accounts the twins are (see also Mirsi.Sibziann)
her head, which he buried in a box, Ariconte and Arikute. Tammuz of the Abyss Mesopotamian
leaving the headless body for Tu-te- Tamendonare (see Tamendonar) a name for Dumuzi
Koropanga to find. In the spring, when Tamesis British Tamoancan (see Tamoanchan)
the new growth started in all living a water-goddess, goddess of Tamoanchan Central American
things, he dug up the box and out the Thames [Palace of the West.
stepped Rutukia, now fully restored. Tametomo Japanese Tamoancan. Xochitlalpan]
Tamape (see Tamapo) a hero part of the Aztec underworld, home of
Tamapo Pacific Islands brother of Yoshitomo the ciuateteo, ruled by Chihuacoatl
[Tamape.Tamapoulialamafoa] He is said to have sunk a ship with just In other accounts, this is regarded as
a sky-god of Tonga one arrow. one of the three homes of the Aztec
Tamapoulialamafoa (see Tamapo) Tamial (see Tamiel) gods.
Tamar Hebrew Tamiel Tamoi (see Izoi-tamoi)
[=Mesopotamian Ashtoreth.Ishtar] [Tamial] Tamon (see Bishamon)
a goddess a demon, one of the 7 Ischin Tamosi South American
tamas Hindu He reputedly taught men the science [Tamosikabotano]
one of the 3 gunas governing the of astronomy. a supreme god in Guyana
transmigration of the soul Tamine Persian Tamosikabotano (see Tamosi)
Tamate Pacific Islands a princess Tamoza (see Tammuz)
a ghost of the New Hebrides wife of Rustem Tamra Bhadra Buddhist
Tamats Palike mother of Sohrab [=Chinese Po-to-lo.Tan-mo-lo-po-t’o]
Tamatsumemusubi Japanese She stole Rustem’s horse, knowing one of the Eighteen Lohan
Tamayeke Central American that he would follow its tracks to the He is depicted holding his prayer-beads.
a wind-god and messenger-god of the palace. When he arrived, she proposed Tamsika Hindu
Huichol Indians marriage. Rustem soon left his new those who worship ghosts and spirits
Tamayori (see Tama-yori) wife to resume his warlike career and such as bhutas, pretas, etc.
one of the Eight Imperial Deities their son, Sohrab, was born after he Tamtanamka South American
Tambarinang East Indian left. a Bolivian tribal chief
a creator-god Tamjin Tibetan He fell ill and it turned out that the
Some of the people of Borneo claim a horse-faced demon illness was caused by his wife’s adultery
that their ancestors were made by this husband of Dorge, some say – two serpents over his house were
being who is envisaged in the form of Tammus (see Tammuz) slowly eating his life away.
a hornbill. Tammuz Mesopotamian Huathiacuri learned the cause of the
Tamboeja East Indian [Dao(nu)s.Du’uzu.Ninib.Tammus. illness when he overheard two foxes
a hero who climbed up to heaven Tamoza.Thammu:=Babylonian talking and he was able to cure the
and stole fire for the benefit of Marduk:=Greek Adonis:=Phrygian Attis: chief whose daughter he subsequently
his people =Sumerian Dumuzi(-Abzu).Dumuzida] married.
Tambon East Indian an Akkadian sun-god and god Tamtu1 Mesopotamian
the original name of the goddess Djata of fertility the bitter waters of creation
Tambotocco (see Pacari) brother of Belil and Belet-Seri Tamtu2 (see Tiamat)
Tamdrin Dorje Tibetan son and husband of Ishtar, some say Tamu South American
a Bon guardian god brother of Ningishzida, some say [Tume:=Arawak Kamu:=Karaya Kaboi:
Tame Boy North American In some accounts, Tammuz was found =Paraguayan Pay Zume]
a thunder-god of the Cherokee floating on water, in others he was the a Carib culture-hero
one of the Thunder Boys son of Ishtar who had him torn to Tamukujen African
son of Kanati and Seru pieces and thrown into the sea. When, a supreme god of the Didinga people
brother of Wild Boy as a result, the earth became barren Tamuls (see Votan)
Tamek-vui (see Tuoni) she regretted what she had done and Tamulu South American
Tamendonar South American descended to the underworld to a warrior created by Amana to guard
[Tamanduare.Tamendonare] demand his release from her sister the sun
twin brother of Ariconte Ereshkigal. Some say that he returned brother of Tamusi
These twins were born to a mortal as Damu or as Ningishzida, others that Tamulu was responsible for the hours
mother, one fathered by the god he died every year, rising again in the of darkness, his brother Tamusi for
Maire, the other by her mortal spring, still others that he spent half daylight. When the sun sent serpents
husband, Sarigoys. One was killed by the year with each of the sisters. to attack the earth, Tamulu killed them
the demon, Agnen, the other by the In some accounts, he is equated with by smothering them with his dark
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 Tamusi T’ang Kung-fang

cloak. He created all the monsters and dedicated to the Weaving Lady and son of Rangi and Papa
evil beings. Hikoboshi. brother of Haumea, Rongo, Tangaroa,
Tamusi South American (see also Chih Nu.Waka-Hiru-Me) Tawhiri and Tu
[=Guarani Tamoi] Tanabata2 Japanese husband of Hine-ahu-one
a warrior created by Amana to guard [Weaver’s Festival] father of Hine Titama
the sun a festival, held on July 7th, in honour He forced apart his entwined parents,
a creator-deity of the Caribs of Hikoboshi and Tanabata raising the sky (Rangi) above the earth
brother of Tamulu Tanaburs British (Papa) and used the thunderbolts of
Tamusi was responsible for the a wizard Fatu-tiri to kill Atea who, in the
daylight hours, his brother Tamulu for His magic powers were almost the Tahitian version, was is father.
darkness. When the sun sent serpents equal of Merlin’s. In some stories, his first wife was
to attack the earth, Tamusi killed them Tanais Greek Hine-ahu-one whom he created from
with his sword, the lightning flash, and son of Lysippe sand or carved from stone. He also
made meteors by cutting them up and He was a man who scorned women so mated with their daughter Hine
throwing the pieces into the heavens. Aphrodite caused him to fall in love Titama who died of shame and became
He created human beings and with his own mother. To escape, he Hine-nui-te-po, a goddess in the
animals. drowned himself. underworld, having produced a
Tamusra Hindu Tanala African daughter, Hine Titamauri.
one of the realms of hell in the lore of the Baganda, a harp Other versions say that Tane had
This region is reserved for the dedicated to Kibuka three other wives – Hine-tuanange
punishment of adulterers and thieves. Tana’oa Pacific Islands who gave birth to reptiles and
Tan1 Celtic [‘darkness’.Tanava] mountain streams, Mumuhango who
the sacred fire of the druids a Polynesian primaeval god of darkness produced grass and Rangahore who
Tan2 Chinese the name of Tangaroa in the Marquesas produced stone. The woman he made
a dawn-god Tanaquil Roman from sand was, in this version, Hine-i-
son of Chang the Roman name for Caecilia tau-ira and it was she who killed
twin brother of Fat Tanara Siberian herself when she realised that she had
Tan Ching Chinese a sky-god of the Yakuts married her father, becoming goddess
[Cinnabar Classic] Tanaros Celtic of the underworld.
a book of alchemy containing, inter a thunder-god Yet another story says that Tane
alia, a recipe for immortality This deity may be the same as Taran. made Tiki and Hina-ahu-one who
Tan-gur (see Tanjur) Tanava (see Tana’oa) mated to become the progenitors of
Tan-gyur Tibetan Tancanaymo South American the human race. Alternatively, Tane,
commentaries on the Kah-gyur a Peruvian giant Ku and Lono worked together to
Tan-ma Tibetan Tancred European create mankind.
[bStan-ma] (d. 1112) Taneborc British
12 furies, ruled by Ekagata, riding a Norman knight one of the homes of King Arthur
wild animals son of Otho and Emma Tanemahuta New Zealand
Tan-mo-lo-po-t’o (see Po-to-lo) He appears in Jerusalem Delivered as a a name for Tane as god of
Tan-tad European knight serving under Godfrey and is the forests
in Breton fire-worship a log, portrayed as a great warrior, second Tanen (see Tatenen)
representing the deity, which is only to Rinaldo. Tanentoa Pacific Islands
burnt Tancree British a Beru warrior who invaded the
Tanabata1 Japanese a niece of King Arthur Gilbert Islands
[Heavenly Weaver Girl.Lyra. wife of Guinganbresil Tang1 Chinese
Shokujo.Weaving Lady.Weaving Tandava Hindu a celestial swallow
Maiden:=Chinese Chih Nü] a dance performed by Shiva at the end This bird is regarded as a heavenly
a Shinto goddess of weaving of each cycle of the universe messenger and redeemer who overcame
daughter of the god of the firmament Tandim (see rTa-mgrim) the prince of hell.
She spent much of her time weaving tandritanitani African T’ang2 (see Ch’eng T’ang)
but neglected her work when she fell a curse tang3 (see tangie)
in love with Hikoboshi whose ox was In some tribes, such a curse is accepted T’ang Kung-fang Chinese
then allowed to wander free, doing by the victim as fatal and he inevitably an official at the emperor’s court
much damage. Her father caused her wastes away and dies. He asked the immortal Li Pa-pai for
to be separated from him by a celestial Tandu Hindu the secret of eternal youth which the
river (The Milky Way) and they met a god of the dance sage promised to give him if T’ang
thereafter only once a year when flocks the chief disciple of Shiva could cure him of the boils which
of magpies formed a bridge spanning Tane New Zealand covered his body by licking them.
the river. [Tanemahuta.Tapairu.Tuamotu: When licking by T’ang’s servants and
In some accounts, the name is used =Hawaiian Kane] then his wife failed, T’ang collected a
for the festival (7th July or 7th August) a Maori light-god and god of forests million bottles of wine in which Li
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Pa-pai bathed. This not only cured the son of Rangi and Papa She found the god Tawhaki in the
sage’s boils but restored the youth of son of Atea and Papa, some say woods and seduced him, bearing a
T’ang, his wife and his servants when son of Te-More-tu, some say daughter, Arahuta. She later met
they also bathed in the wine. brother Haumea, Rongo, Ruaumoko, Tawhaki in heaven and they lived
An alternative version says that Tane, Tawhiri and Tu together thereafter.
licking by his servants, his wife and husband of Korero Tangun Korean
finally by T’ang himself failed to father of Pili,Tu-nui-ka-rere and [Dan-Gun.Wang-Gum]
effect a cure but, having passed the Turi-a-Faumea son of Hwanung
test set by Li Pa-pai, T’ang was raised One story of the origin of Tangaroa His mother was a woman who had
to the status of an immortal by the says that he emerged from Po. been changed from a bear by eating
agency of a potion he prepared from In one version of the creation story herbs given to her by Hwanung.
a copy of the Tan Ching given to him he created the world when, in the form Tangun became the founder of the
by Li Pa-pai. of a bird, he laid an egg which, after first kingdom and, on his death, was
T’ang Pin Chinese floating on the primaeval waters, identified with San-shin, god of the
one of the disciples of Confucius broke to form the sky and the earth. mountains.
who was allowed to sacrifice in He mated with the goddess Faumea Ta’ngwanla’na North American
the Temple of Confucius after she had shown him how to a supreme god of the Haida Indians
T’ang Sao-erh Chinese remove the eels that normally lived tanha (see trishna)
a 15th C Taoist sorceress in her vagina and killed men who Tani New Zealand
She claimed to have a magic sword and slept with her. When Hina-a-rauriki, a Maori tree-god
led a short-lived uprising. wife of Turi-a-Faumea was abducted He is said to hold up the heavens with
T’ang Seng (see Tripitaka) by the demon octopus, Rogo-tumu- his feet while his hair is represented as
Tangalimlibo African here, he and Turi-a-Faumea fished underground roots.
daughter of a tribal chief in Zaire the monster up from the depths of Tanin Mesopotamian
She was under a taboo to walk only by the ocean and killed him, rescuing a Semitic monster in the form of a
night. When she fetched water from Turi-a- Faumea’s wife. huge sea-serpent (see also Tannin)
the river by day, she offended the He and Atea both claimed to be the Tanit Canaanite
river-god who held her captive, so father of Papa’s first child, so she cut [Dido.Rat-Tanit.Tanith.Tenit.Thinnit:
preventing her from feeding her son the baby in half for them. Atea threw =Egyptian Hathor:=Phoenician Astarte:
properly. The god released her only his half into the heavens where it =Roman (Juno) Caelestis]
when a cow was sacrificed to him. became the sun and later Tangaroa did a moon-goddess and guardian goddess
Tanga Tanga South American the same, making the moon. of Carthage
in Peru, a three-headed god of birth, Another story makes Tangaroa and After her death, Dido became identified
life and death Rongo twins and says that he was with Tanit.
Tangaloa Pacific Islands born from his mother’s arm. Tanith (see Tanit)
[=New Zealand Tangaroa] (see also Ta’aroa.Tagaro. taniwha New Zealand
a creator-god, in the lore of Tonga Tagaroa.Tangaloa) a Maori water-monster
He made himself a wife by carving her Tangi-kuku Pacific Islands Tanjur Tibetan
from stone and, when he threw the brother of Ina and Rupe [Tan-gur]
spare fragments of stone into the tangie Scottish a sacred book (see also Kanjur)
primordial ocean, they became the [tang:=Scotish kelpie:=Shetland shoopiltee] Tanlibik
islands of the Pacific. a water spirit of the Orkneys in a demon associated with fascination
Tangara Siberian the form of a sea-horse or a Tanngniostr Norse
[=Buriat Esege-Malan-Tengeri man draped with seaweed [Tanngnjostr.Toothcracker.Toothgrinder]
=Mongol Qormusta Tengri] Tangira Pacific Islands one of the goats pulling Thor’s chariot
a Yakut sky-god a chieftain of Rarotonga Tanngnjiostr (see Tanngniostr)
Tangaro Gilagilala Pacific Islands who was deified after Tanngrisnr Norse
brother of Qat his death [Toothgnasher]
He was said to know everything. Tango Pacific Islands one of the goats pulling Thor’s chariot
Tangaro Loloqong Pacific Islands a god of the Hervey Islanders Tannhauser1 German
brother of Qat son of Vari-ma-te-takere [Knight of Song]
He was said to know nothing. brother of Atea and Tinirau a knight at the court of the
Tangaroa Pacific Islands In the coconut which is the universe, German king
[Tagaroa.Tongaiti.Upao.Vahu: he lives in Enua-kura, the Land of Red He fell under the spell of the goddess
=Hawaiian Kanaloa:=Marquesas Islands Parrot Feathers, which is the realm Holda (as Frau Venus) and, for a year,
Tana’oa:=Samoan Tagaloa:=Tahitian below the home of Tinirau. indulged in all the sensual pleasures she
Ta’aroa:=Tongan Tangaloa] tangoma African offered. Finally sickened, he returned
a creator-god and sea-god Swazi diviners to the king’s court at Wartburg where
a squid-god of Hawaii Tangotango New Zealand he was rejected by the other knights,
a fish-god and god of reptiles a heavenly fairy so he sought absolution in Rome only
of Tuamotu mother of Arahuta to be told that he had as much chance
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 Tannhauser2 Taouris

of a pardon as his wooden staff had of Tantalus2 Greek tao-nü Chinese

producing flowers. [Tantalos] [male=tao-jen]
While he was away, Elizabeth, the king of Pisa a sorceress: a a female practitioner
king’s daughter, who loved him, died son of Thyestes of Taoist magic
of grief. He intended to return to first husband of Clytemnestra Tao Sha Shen Chun Chinese
Holda’s cave but learned just in time He was killed by Agamemnon who a god of the ancestral tablets
that the staff had produced almond then took Clytemnestra as his wife. Tai-suan Chinese
blossoms and he was pardoned after Tantra1 Buddhist a 7th C monk
all. He died with his beloved Elizabeth. sacred writing: the worship of male He went mad and claimed to have
Tannhauser2 German and female energies received revelations from the many
an opera by Wagner Tantra2 Hindu gods who visited him.
Tannin Canaanite sacred writing, in 64 books, including Tao Te Ching Chinese
[=Phoenician Ophioneus] conversations between Shiva and [Treatise of the Way and of Virtue]
a sea-dragon subdued by Anat or Baal his consort the principal work of Taoist philosophy,
(see also Tanin) These works are said to have been said to have been written by Lao-tzu
Tannus (see Tinnus) recorded by Dattatreya. in the 6th C
Tano African tantrika Indian This work describes the essence and
a river-god of the Akan a seer or magician source of the world which underlies
son of the sun-god Tantris British everything.
brother of Bia [Tramtris(t)] T’ao-t’ieh Chinese
He should have been allocated the the name used by Tristram when, in [Beast of Greed.Monster Face]
deserts but he disguised himself as his the guise of a minstrel, he first met a monster with one head, 2 bodies
brother and was given the fertile parts Isolde (see also Pro of Iernesetir) and 6 legs
of the earth. tanuki Japanese This beast may be a water-buffalo or
tanoana (see sumangat) a fox-spirit: the badger, said to have it may have the face of a man, a lion
Tans North American magic powers or a tiger.
local deities of the Hupa tribe Some say that the tamuki can change The term is also used to refer to
These beings are said to tend huge into a human being or a bottle of sake. the formalised depiction of some
herds of deer hidden in the mountains, Tanunapat Hindu unidentified mythical animal.
occasionally allowing a few out to a name for Agni as ‘always young’ Tao Tsang Chinese
provide sport and food for the hunters. Tanushi (see Asoom) the canon of Taoist literature
Tantalis British Tanuta Siberian The present canon comprises over
wife of Alexander a Koryak earth-guardian 1,100 volumes; an earlier one, burned
mother of Alexander and Alis consort of Yine’ane’ut in 1281, was even bigger.
Tantalos (see Tantalus) Tao Chinese The canon comprises two parts
Tantalus1 Greek [‘the way’:=Japanese To] known as the San Tung and the Ssu Fu.
[Tantalos] the governing principle of the Taoist Tao-t’ung Chinese
king of Argos, Corinth or Lydia universe, combining yin and yang: one of the Eighteen Lohan,
son of Zeus or Tmolus by Pluto the all-pervading basis of being: in some accounts
husband of Dione or Euryanassa emptiness He is depicted seated on a mat hugging
father of Broteas, Niobe and Pelops Tao Chi Chinese his knees.
He kept the golden dog stolen from the name taken by Chi Kung when he Tao T’ung Shih (see Yao)
Rhea by Pandareus and left in his care became a monk Tao-yüeh Chinese
and denied having it. Tao Chun Chinese one of the Eighteen Lohan,
He killed his son Pelops, cut him [Chang Tsao-wang.Ling Pao] in some accounts
into small pieces and served him in the mortal form of a Taoist deity, He is depicted in a sitting position,
stew to the gods. As punishment, Zeus one of the San Ch’ing, the meditating, with his head supported
condemned him to eternal torment. Three Pure Ones on his hand.
Immersed in water up to his chin He controls the yang and the yin and Taoeuris (see Tauret)
which recedes whenever he tries to regulates time. His home is the Higher Taoki-Ho-Oi Japanese
drink and with a fruit tree over his Azure Palace, Shang Ch’ing. a Shinto god of carpenters
head which moves away each time he Tao Hua Hsien-nü Chinese When Amaterasu hid herself in a
reaches out a hand, he can never satisfy a guardian goddess cave, he built a beautiful hall which,
his hunger or thirst. tao-jen Chinese together with other lures, was used to
In other versions, his punishment [female=tao-nü] entice her out again.
was for divulging secrets of the gods, a sorcerer: one who practises Taonoui Pacific Islands
for stealing ambrosia and nectar or for Taoist magic mother of the stars, in the lore of
keeping the golden dog. Tao ming Chinese the Society Islanders
Some stories substitute a rock an assistant in the underworld consort of Roua
poised over the head of Tantalus for Tao Mu Chinese mother of Fati
the fruit generally mentioned. Tou Mu as the Mother of the Way Taouris (see Tauret)
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 Taourt Tarawg

Taourt (see Tauret) seven eyes, sitting on a lion, holding Taraipo New Zealand
Tap (see Gaap) the sun, or as a maiden holding a lotus. the first canoe, given to Rata by
Tapa-Loka Hindu (see also Blue Tara.Green Tara.Red the bird-spirits
one of the 7 realms of the universe, Tara.sGrol-ma.Sitatara.Tara Taraka1 Hindu
the home of the demi-gods Amba.White Tara) [‘star’]
(see also Pitri-Loka) Tara2 Hindu a female, man-eating demon killed
Tapac (see Thunupa) [Taraka:=Tibetan Dolma.sGrol-ma] by Rama
Tapairu1 New Zealand a three-eyed goddess mother of Maricha
a name for Tane as king of one of the mahavidyas Taraka2 (see Tara2)
the fairies a sakti of Shiva Tarakamaya Hindu
tapairu2 Pacific Islands wife of Brhaspati the war between the followers of
a Polynesian nymph mother of Budha Soma and Brhaspati
daughter of Miru, goddess of the dead She was carried off by Chandra but This conflict was precipitated when
Their mother used these nymphs to rescued by Brahma. She claimed that Soma abducted Brhaspati’s wife, Tara.
lure mortals to the underworld so that Chandra was the father of her son, It was ended by the intervention of
she could cook and eat them. Budha. Brahma who ordered Soma to return
Taparimarru South American Tara3 Irish Tara to her husband.
consort of Purrunaminari [Teamhair (na Riogh).Temair. Tarakee Hindu
mother of Sisiri Temuir.Tiathdrom] a hero who lived to the age of 1100
Tapati Hindu home of the high-kings Taramusubi Japanese
[‘heat’] This was originally the fortress of the one of the Eight Imperial Deities
daughter of the sun-god Fir Bolg taken over by the Danaans Taran1 Celtic
Taphthartharath and later the seat of the high-kings of [Heithiurum.Taranis.Taranos.
a demon of the planet Mercury Ireland. Taranuces.Taranus.Thunderer]
Tapio Baltic One story says that the site was a Celtic deity in Gaul
a Finnish god of the hunt and forests abandoned after St Ruadan cursed it, This deity is generally regarded as a
a male version of Virava others that it continued in use long thunder-god, equated by the Romans
husband of Mielkki after the suggested date of that with Dis Pater or Jupiter. In other
father of Nyyrikki and Tuulikki incident. accounts, Taran is female, a goddess
He is envisaged as the forested land- Tara4 Pacific Islands of death.
scape of Finland. a Polynesian sea-goddess (see also Tanaros)
Taqlikic North American Tara5 (see Dara3) taran2 Celtic
a name for Yetl, the raven, as Tara Amba Buddhist the restless spirit of a child who
‘hammer-father’, reflecting a form of Tara as patron of sailors died before being baptised
his toughness (see Raven2.3) Tara Bai Hindu Taran3 Welsh
Tar African an ever-youthful star-maiden who father of Gluneu
a Nigerian earth-god lured mortals with her songs Taranga Pacific Islands
Tar-baby Tara Dharani (see Green Tara) a mortal queen
a sticky figure featured in Tara Stone (see Stone of Destiny) mother of Maui by Makea
many cultures (see also Gum Girl) Tara Utpala (see Green Tara) Tarani Hindu
Tara1 Buddhist Tarab a name for the sun: a saviour deity
[Arya-Tara.Bhrkuti-Tara.Dhanada. a demon of extortion Taranis (see Taran1)
Ekajata.Janguli.Jayatara. Tarada Japanese Taranos (see Taran1)
Mahacinatara.Padmatara.Pandaravasini. a ship’s captain Taranuces (see Taran1)
Parnassavari.Prajna(paramita). He saw a vision of a maiden, dressed in Taranus (see Taran1)
Queen of Heaven.Queen of Knowledge. white, standing on the surface of the Taranushi (see Asoom)
Sitatara.Sukla-Tara.Syamatara. sea to which she soon returned. She Tarapaca (see Thunapu)
Vajratara.Vasya-Tara.Vidjyarajni: turned out to be the spirit of a Taras Greek
=Chinese Kuan Yin:=Tibetan wonderful sword which was recovered a man who was saved from
Dolma.sGrol-ma] from the sea by the diver, Sankichi, drowning by a dolphin
a Tibetan goddess of mercy, sailors and placed in a shrine. This satisfied Tarasque European
and wisdom the spirit and the fish, long absent a French monster
wife of Avalokiteshvara from the bay, returned. This beast was said to have the head of
The name may be applied to Maya, Tarafe African a lion, scales, six clawed legs and the tail
the mother of the Buddha. a bard who sang the praises of Samba of a serpent. In some accounts, it was
Some say that there were twenty- Tarai Indian killed by St Martha near Marseilles.
one versions of Tara. a deity of the Andaman Islands Taraswin Hindu
In some accounts, Tara is said to wife or sister of Bilik a name for Garuda as ‘swift one’
have been generated from a tear-drop She controls the south-west monsoon Tarawg British
shed by Avalokiteshvara. while Bilik controls that from the a warrior at King Arthur’s court
She is depicted, sometimes with north-east. He was killed by the boar Twrch Trwyth.
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 Taraxippos Tarquinia

Taraxippos (see Taraxippus) The Iroquois spirit who came to Taro1 Japanese
Taraxippus Greek earth as Hiawatha. a warrior
[‘horse-frightener’.Taraxippos] Tarhuis (see Teshub) He and Jiro abandoned their leader,
the ghost of Glaucus which frightened Tarhun (see Teshub) the prince Yuriwaka, on an island and
the horses at the Isthmian Games Tarhunt (see Teshub) stole his magic bow and arrows. Taro
tarb uisge Scottish Tarhuntas (see Teshub) persuaded Yuriwaka’s wife that her
the Scottish version of the water-bull Tarhuyiawaku North American husband was dead and she agreed to
Tarbfeis (see Tarbhfeis) an Iroquois giant supporting the sky marry him. Yuriwaka escaped from the
Tarbh Conraidh Irish Tari African island and arrived in time to stop the
a bull owned by Cailleach Bheur a Swahili spirit who takes possession wedding and, recovering his bow and
It was said that every cow within of humans arrows, killed Taro.
earshot calved when this bull bellowed. Tari Pennu Indian Taro2 Korean
The hag who owned the bull turned it an evil goddess father of Chopstick
into a rock when it swam across a river daughter and consort of Boora Pennu taroc (see tarot)
after a cow. Boora Pennu created Tari Pennu and tarocco (see tarot)
Tarbhfeis Irish mated with her to generate the other tarogoloa Pacific Islands
[Bull Feast.Tarbfeis.Tarbhfheis] gods. an evil spirit which seduces humans
a druidic king-choosing ceremony Taria Nui Pacific Islands These beings, of either sex, are said to
A druid who had eaten the flesh and [Taringa Nui] kill their victims by cutting their
drunk the blood of a sacrificed bull was a Polynesian deity, guardian genitalia.
put into a trance by the other druids. of fishermen (see also canoe gods) tarok (see tarot)
The man he dreamt about was selected Taringa Nui (see Taria Nui) Tarol Norse
as the high-king. Tarini (see Tara1) a giant
Tarbhfheis (see Tarbhfeis) Taripaca South American tarot cards
Tarchetius Roman an aspect of Viracocha as ‘judge’ [taroc(co).tarok]
a king of Alba Longa Tark (see Teshub) a pack of 78 cards used in divination
He ordered his daughter to mate with Tarksya (see Dadhikra) and fortune-telling
a phantom phallus of Vulcan seen in Tarku (see Teshub) Taronhiawagon North American
the flames of the fire but she made Tarn Siberian the supreme god of the Onodago
her servant-girl take her place. The an evil deity of the Ostyak tribe
children of this union were Romulus god of war and disease Tarpeia Roman
and Remus. When the twins grew up In some cases, Tarn is depicted as a vestal virgin
they killed Tarchetius. female. daughter of Spurius Tarpeius
(see also Ocresia.Rhea Silvia) Tarnhelm Norse She fell in love with Titus Tatius,
Tarchies Roman the Helmet of Invisibility leader of the attacking Sabines, and
an Etruscan sage (see also Tarnkappe) opened the gates of the Capitol to
He taught Tarchon the arts of haruspicy. Tarnhut (see Tarnkappe) them on condition that they gave
Some accounts equate him with Tarnkappe Norse her what they wore on their left arms.
Tages. [Cap of Invisibility.Hel-kappe. She was referring to their bracelets
Tarchon Roman Nebelkappe Tarnhut] but the Sabines instead threw their
[Tarchon(t)is] the red cap worn by some dwarfs shields (also worn on their left arms)
a leader of the Etruscans These tiny beings hid behind rocks and she was killed. Another version
son of Tyrrhenus and repeated the last words of says she was killed by the Sabines when
He led his tribe out of Lydia to anything they overheard, giving rise to she tricked them into surrendering
settle in Northern Italy and later dwarf-talk or echoes. The red cap their arms.
helped Aeneas and his band of Trojans protected them from the daylight Tarpuntatita-cuma South American
in their struggles with the Latins and which would otherwise have turned Incas who performed human
Rutulians. them to stone. sacrifice
Some say that he was the plough- In Germanic stories, it was worn by Tarqeq Inuit
man who unearthed Tages. Laurin when he battled against [Moon Spirit.Tarquiup Inua]
Tarchonis (see Tarchon) Dietrich von Bern and his followers one of the 3 spirits controlling
Tarchontis (see Tarchon) when they came to rescue Kunhild the forces of nature
Tardif European whom Laurin had seized. He is a hunter-spirit who controls
the snail in Reynard the Fox Some say that this cap was worn fertility and animals.
Taredd Welsh by Sigurd when he rode through the Tarquin1 (see Turkin)
[Taredd Wledig] flames to rescue Brunhild. Tarquin2 (see Tarquinius)
father of the man who was turned It is sometimes described as the Tarquin the Proud
into the boar, Twrch Trwyth cloak of Alberich, king of the dwarfs (see Tarquinius Superbus)
Tarenyawagon North American or fairies. (see also Tarnhelm) Tarquinia Roman
[Great Upholder.Ta-ren-ya-wa-gon. Tarnush Persian sister of Tarquinius Superbus
Upholder of the Heavens] a jinnee mother of Brutus
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 Tarquinius Arruns1
Tarquinius Arruns1 Roman
[Ar(r)uns.Tarquin]
son of Demaratius
brother of Lucumo
father of Collatinus
He was said to have encouraged the
Gauls to attack Rome to avenge himself
on Lucumo who had seduced his wife.
Tarquinius Arruns2 Roman
[Ar(r)uns.Tarquin]
son or grandson of Tarquinius Priscus
brother of Tarquinius Superbus
husband of Tullia
He was killed by Tarquinius Superbus
who then married Tullia, his widow.
Tarquinius Arruns3 Roman
[Ar(r)uns.Tarquin]
son of Tarquinius Superbus
brother of Sextus
Tarquinius Collatinus Roman
[Collatinus.Egerius.Tarquin]
a governor of Collatia
son of Tarquinius Arruns
husband of Lucretia
When the leaders of the Roman siege
at Ardea paid surprise visits to their
wives, Lucretia was judged to have
behaved best in their absence. When
she was raped by Sextus Tarquinius,
Collatinus started the movement that
led to the abolition of the monarchy.
He became one of the first consuls of
the new republic.
Tarquinius Priscus Roman
[Lucumo.Tarquin]
an Etruscan
fifth king of Rome
son of Demeratus
brother of Arruns
husband of Tanaquil
Some say that his wife was Gaea
Cecilia but this may be another name
for the same woman.
He became king of Rome after
Ancus Marcius whose two sons had a
greater right to the throne. He ruled for
thirty-eight years and was killed either
by the sons of Ancus or by shepherds
employed by them, who axed Priscus to
death. His wife ensured that her
favourite, Servius Tullius, succeeded to
the throne.
He was originally known as Lucumo.
Tarquinius, Sextus Roman
[Tarquin]
son of Tarquinius Superbus
His father sent him to Gabii posing
as a refugee from Roman persecution
and he became a commander of the
army. Once in power, he killed the
leaders of Gabii and handed over the
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town to the tender mercies of his
despotic father.
While the Roman leaders were
engaged at Ardea, he raped Lucretia,
wife of Collatinus. The enraged citizens
rose up in anger, the monarchy was
overthrown and a republic instituted.
Expelled from Rome, he returned to
Gabii where he was killed.
Tarquinius Superbus Roman
[Tarquin Superbus.Tarquin the Proud]
seventh and last king of Rome
son or grandson of
Tarquinius Priscus
father of Arruns and Sextus
He killed his first wife and his brother
Arruns and married his brother’s
wife, Tullia. At her instigation, he
then killed her father, the sixth king
Servius Tullius, and took the throne.
His son’s rape of Lucretia incensed
the citizens, leading to the abolition of
the monarchy.
He fled to Caere and came back
with an Etruscan force to attack Rome.
He was driven off and his second
attempt, led by Lars Porsena, was no
more successful. He was wounded in
his final battle with Rome, at Lake
Regillus, and died some time later at
Cumae.
Tarquiup Inua (see Tarqeq)
tarroo-ushtey Manx
a monster in the form of a
water-bull
This beast is said to have the habit of
pulling mortals under the water and
drowning them.
(see also cabyll-ushtey.glaistyn)
Tarsan British
brother of Bagdemagus
He was killed when fighting for King
Arthur.
Tarsenesyde British
in some accounts, mother of Enid
by Liconaus or Yniol
Tartach
a demon said to take possession
of humans
Tartak Hebrew
a deity of the Avites
Tartaro European
[Tataro]
a Basque monster
In some accounts, Tartaro is a one-
eyed giant, rather like a Cyclops, while
in others he may appear as a hunter or
shepherd or as some strange animal.
He owned a ring which could speak.
When it spoke to the girl to whom he
gave the ring, she cut off her finger
991
Tascar
and threw both finger and ring into
a pond.
Tartaros (see Tartarus)
Tartarus1 Greek
[Hades.Tartaros]
hell: the home of the dead
The underworld which was ruled by
Hades was divided into three areas: the
Asphodel Fields for the souls of
heroes, Erebus where the palace of
Hades and his queen was situated and
Elysium, the home of the souls of the
virtuous. Sometimes it is regarded as
having two divisions, Tartarus, the
lower, and Erebus, in which case
Elysium is regarded as a separate place
away to the west. Other stories use
either name to refer to the underworld
as a whole.
Entry was by two gates, one of ivory
for false dreams and one of horn for
true dreams.
Newly-arrived souls were judged by
three judges, Aeaceus, Minos and
Rhadamanthys.
Tartarus2 Greek
[Tartaros]
a primaeval god of the underworld
son of Aether by Gaea
Taru Mesopotamian
[=Hittite Teshub]
a Hattic weather-god
husband of Wurusemu
father of Hulla
father of Telepinu, some say
Tarutius Roman
husband of Acca Larentia
In the story that identifies Acca
Larentia with the prostitute Fabula, he
married her after she gave up
prostitution, a wealthy woman.
Tarvaa Mongolian
a shaman
When, as a youth, he became uncon-
scious, it was thought he was dead. His
body was left outside and the crows
pecked his eyes out. His soul was
refused entry to the land of the dead
but was given great wisdom so that,
when he recovered consciousness, he
was blind but very wise.
Tarvos Roman
[(Tarvos) T(r)igaranos.(Tarvos)
T(r)igaranus.Tigeranos.Tigeranus]
a Celtic bull-god in Gaul
He is depicted sometimes as a three -
horned bull, sometimes as a bull with
three cranes on his back.
Tascar
a ruler of one of the 7 supposed
firmaments
 Taschlikh Tau-uta

Taschlikh Hebrew Tasmisu Mesopotamian personification of the dead king’s

[=Japanese Ohobarai] [Tashmish(u).Tasmisus] phallus and guardian of the solar
a rite for the expiation of sin in a Hurrian deity bark.
which clothes or figures are brother and attendant on Teshub He is depicted as bearded with a
ceremonially burnt He was one of the three gods spat out crown of ram’s horns.
tase Burmese by Kumarbi or, as others say, produced Tathagata Buddhist
evil spirits, vengeful souls from the earth, and he helped his [Buddha-nature.Dharma-body:
of the dead brother, Teshub, in his fight with the =Chinese Ju-lai:=Japanese Nyorai]
These beings appear in various forms demon Illuyankas. The other two were a name for the Buddha as one who
known as hminza, thabet and thaye. Aranzakh and Teshub. follows the path of his ancestors
They can be scared off by very loud Tasmisus (see Tasmisu) (see also Sugata)
noises. Tasmit (see Tasmetu) Tathatavasita Buddhist
Tasenetnofret Egyptian tasoom North American a minor goddess
a goddess the soul, in the lore of one of the vasitas
an aspect of Hathor the Cheyenne Tathlum Irish
consort of Haroeris Tasso, Torquato Italian the magic stone flung from a
Tash British (1544-95) catapult by Lugh to kill Balor at
an evil deity in the works of an Italian poet the Second Battle of Moytura
C. S. Lewis He wrote about the exploits of Tatia Roman
He is depicted as manlike, with four Charlemagne and his paladins, including first wife of Numa Pompilius
arms and the head of a bird of prey, the book Jerusalem Delivered. Tatius Roman
and is regarded as a form of Ahriman. Tastar (see Tvashtri) a Sabine king
Tasha Irish Tat (see Ded.Thoth) He is said to have captured the
[Princess Tasha] Tata1 Siberian Capitol following the rape of the
a maiden of the Otherworld progenitor of the Tartars and keeper Sabine women and ruled jointly with
She was one of many said to be the of the Tree of Life Romulus.
wife of Finn mac Cool to whom she Tata2 (see Nata.Xiuhtecuhtli) Tatjenen (see Tatenen)
was given for military assistance tatabu Pacific Islands Tatosi Central American
rendered by Finn to her father. a fetish in which a spirit is said a fire-god of the Huichol Indians
Tashan Persian to be trapped Tatpurusa (see Tatpurusha)
a creator-god tatari Japanese Tatpurusha Hindu
Tashi Lama (see Panchen Lama) a curse laid on an individual by [Tatpurusa]
Tashi Toeringma Tibetan a deity or a spirit one of 5 aspects of Shiva known
[Tashitsheringma] tatari-ishi Japanese as Pancabrahma
a goddess of the Himalayas a stone said to bring bad luck or Tat’qahicnin Siberian
one of the 5 Long Life Sisters, even death a Koryak vegetation-god
some say Tataro (see Tartaro) Tatsu Japanese
This deity lives on the peak Gauri- Tate North American a sign (dragon) of the Zodiac
shankar, west of Everest. a creator-god and wind-god of the Tatsuta-hiko Japanese
Tashitsheringma Sioux Indians a minor wind-god
(see Tashi Toeringma) Tate Hautse Kupuri Central American Tatsuta-hime Japanese
Tashmetu (see Tasmetu) a rain-goddess of the Huichol Indians a minor wind-goddess
Tashmetum (see Tasmetu) Tate Kyewimoka Central American Tatu-Karaia South American
Tashmish (see Tasmisu) a rain-goddess of the Huichol Indians a legendary race of people
Tashmishu (see Tasmisu) Tate Naaliwahi Central American It was believed that these people lived
Tashmit (see Tasmetu) a rain-goddess of the Huichol Indians underground and were killed, when
Tashmitum (see Tasmetu) Tate Oteganaka Central American they came out of their dwellings, by
Tasimis Mesopotamian a corn-goddess of the Huichol Indians the Xingu.
a Hittite goddess Tate Rapawiyema Central American Tatumen (see Tatenen)
consort of Teshub a rain-goddess of the Huichol Indians Tatunen (see Tatenen)
Tasis Celtic Tate-Vali Central American Tatzelwurm European
a minor god a fire-god of the Huichol Indians a mythical dragon in the Alps
Tasisnemetum Celtic Tate Velia Vimali Central American Tatzitzete South American
a grove sacred to Tasis a sun-goddess of the Huichol Indians a supreme god of the Chaco tribe
Tasmetu Mesopotamian Taten (see Tatenen) of Colombia
[Tashmetu(m).Tashmit(um). Tatenen Egyptian father of Carabagi
Tasmetum.Tasmit] [Tanen.Taten.Tatjenen.Tatumen. Tau (see Tayau)
a Babylonian love-goddess Tatunen.Ten(en)] Tau Titi New Zealand
daughter of Marduk and Sarpanitu a primaeval vegetation god son of Miru
consort of Nabu an androgynous aspect of Ptah Tau-uta Pacific Islands
Tasmetum (see Tasmetu) This deity was regarded as the a Tahitian deity
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 taua Tawhaki

taua Pacific Islands taurobolium Roman daughter avenged their deaths in a

evil spirits which may appear as [criobolium] later battle.
animals or as monsters made of the sacrificial slaughter of bulls to Tawadeintha Burmese
various animal parts Mithras or Cybele when devotees [=Siamese Taweda]
Taua Fatuna Pacific Islands bathed in the blood of the the land of the nats
offspring of Limu, god of the dead slaughtered animals Tawals Polish
Taueret (see Tauret) Tauropolos1 Greek a field-god
Tauetona African a name for Artemis as a fertility- Tawara Toda (see Hidesato)
the first man, in the lore goddess associated with bulls Taweda Siamese
of Botswana Tauropolos2 Greek the Siamese version of Tawadeintha
He lived in the cave known as Lowe son of Dionysus and Ariadne Tawenduare South American
in the centre of the country. Taurt (see Tauret) a culture-hero of the Tupi Indians
Tauira-Ahua Pacific Islands Taurua Pacific Islands brother of Arikute
son of Tura and Turakihau daughter of Hua’atua In one version, he quarrelled with his
Taulat British Taurus brother and caused a flood when he
a knight-killer [=Arab Thaur] stamped his foot. They saved them-
He killed a knight at King Arthur’s the second symbol of the Zodiac, selves and their families by taking to
court and threatened to return each the bull the trees.
year to kill another. Jaufré was ordered Taurvi Persian An alternative story regards him as
to follow him and killed him in single a demon opposing Ameretat god of the day in permanent conflict
combat. Taut Egyptian with Arikute, god of the night.
Taulurd British a name of the young Horus Taweret (see Tauret)
a giant in Cornwall Tautabaoth Tawert (see Tauret)
brother of Taulus a Gnostic angel with a bear’s head Taweskare (see Tawiscara)
He ravaged the lands of earl Fergus Tauthe Mesopotamian Tawhaki New Zealand
until he was killed by Morholt. a demon of chaos [Tahaki:=Papuan Sido]
Taulus British the Syrian version of Tiamat a semi-divine culture-hero
[Tallaus] consort of Apason a Maori thunder-god
a giant in Cornwall mother of Lache, Lachos and Moynis son of Hema and Urutonga
brother of Taulurd Tautohito New Zealand brother of Kariki
Taumata-Atua Pacific Islands a Maori sorcerer husband of Hine Piripiri
a vegetation god He and Puarata owned a magic head father of Matuku, Tahiti Tokerau
Tauni-kapi-kapi East Indian that killed all who came near. Hakawau and Wahieroa
a man-eating giant of New Guinea overcame his spells by superior magic father of Arahuta by Tangotango
He was killed by a man and his mother and killed him and all his followers. He led souls across the rainbow bridge
who climbed a beanstalk to his home Tavan Thai to meet their ancestors while his son,
in the sky. a demon Rata, followed in his canoe.
Taunggyi-shin (see Hnit-ma-dawgyi) The fifth incarnation of Vishnu, in the When he married Hine Piripiri, her
Taunting of Loki (see Aegisdrekka) Indian version, was Vamana the dwarf relatives tried to kill Tawhaki but he
Taurean West Indian who was sent to deal with the king, drove them off with lightning flashes
a Haitian voodoo spirit Bali. In the Thai version, Vamana is an and drowned them in a heavy
Tauret Egyptian incarnation of Narayana who is rainstorm. Their father, Hema, had
[Apet.Beset.Epet.Heret.Opet.Rer(et).Sa. sent to defeat the demon Tavan. been killed by the ponaturi and these
Ta-urat.Ta-uret.Ta-urt.Tao(e)uris. Tavatimsa Hindu flying demons had taken over his
Ta(o)urt.Tawer(e)t.T(h)aueret.Thoeris. one of the lower regions of heaven, house. Tawhaki and Kariki sealed the
Thouart.Thoueret.Tie.Touart.Tueret: ruled by Sakka house so that the demons could see
=Greek Athena.Thoueris] It was this heaven that the Buddha no light and, when dawn came,
a hippopotamus-goddess, ascended to when he passed on his Tawhaki opened the door and the
goddess of childbirth teachings to his mother. demons perished in the light of the
wife of Bes or Set Taverik (see Tayau) sun. Only two, Kanae and Tonga-
Depicted as having the head of a Tavi-ayik (see Virava) Hiti, escaped.
hippopotamus, the legs of a lion and Tavola Ritonda Italian At the end of his life on earth, he
the tail of a crocodile, her fearsome a 14th C book of Arthurian legends climbed to heaven up a vine lowered
appearance drove off evil spirits at Tawa North American by his grandmother, Whaitiri. In the
the birth of a child. a creator-god and sun-god of the sixth heaven, Nga Atua, he was
In later stories, Horus won her from Pueblo Indians reunited with Tangotango, a nymph
Seb and she was put in charge of Tawa Makoce North American who had seduced him, and he lived
souls returning from the underworld a Sioux chief with her and their daughter, Arahuta,
for rebirth. father of Makhta thereafter.
She was later assimilated into Hathor. His three sons were all killed in battles In some accounts he is the grand-
Taurica (see Artemis) with their enemies, the Crow, but his father of Rata.
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 Tawheta Te Ata

Tawheta New Zealand Tawiskara (see Tawiscara) where he is said to have caught the
a Maori chief Tawiskava (see Twaiscara) sun and tied it up, causing darkness
brother of Taka-Rita Tawiskaron (see Tawiscaron) to envelope the earth. Light was not
father of Pou Matangatanga tawlbwrdd British restored until the sun was released by
His sister, Taka-Rita, was killed by her a games board a mouse who ate through the ropes.
husband, Uenuku, for sleeping with This board, used for a game like chess, Tchue African
two other men and Tawheta exacted was made of gold and had silver pieces a creator-deity of the Bushman people
vengeance by killing Uenuku’s five which could move themselves. It He was said to take the form of an
sons by his first wife. Uenuku retaliated became one of the Thirteen Treasures animal or of a fruit which appeared at
by attacking Tawheta’s compound, of Britain collected by Merlin. sunrise and died at sunset.
killing many of his men, and seizing Tawrat (see Tawrah) Tcikapis North American
his daughter, Pou Matangatanga, Ta’xet North American a culture-hero of the tribes of
whom he married. Tawheta escaped on a god of death of the Haida Indians the north-east
that occasion and hid in the forest but taxims European It is said that he was born when his
Uenuku later found his hiding place revenants with rotting, stinking bodies sister removed him from the womb of
and Tawheta and all his men were taxus Greek his mother who, together with his
killed in the final battle, Ra Torua. the yew, a sacred tree father, had been killed by bears.
Tawhiri New Zealand Ta’yan Siberian Although only a tiny dwarf, he was
[Tawhiri-ma-tea] a supreme deity of the Koryak people immensely strong and used trees as
a Maori storm-god consort of Lapna’ut arrows.
son of Rangi and Papa father of Ya’halan Tchile (see Yaboutchilo)
brother of Haumea, Ruaumoko, Tayau Central American Tchionatulander
Rongo, Tane, Tangaroa and Tu [Tau.Taverik] (see Schionatulander)
father of Ao-Kahiwahiwa a sun-god of the Huichol Indians Tcochkut (see Tcuchkuti)
and many others Tayau Sakaimoka Central American Tcolawitze North American
When the children of Rangi and Papa a sun-god of the Huichol Indians, a a Hopi fire-spirit
rebelled, he sided with his father helper of Tayau Tchom (see Tehom)
and caused great storms. Only his Taygete Greek Tchue African
brother, Tu-matauenga, stood up to a nymph of Mount Taygetus the founder-hero of the Bushman
his onslaughts. one of the Pleiades He had the power to change into any
Tawiscana (see Tawiscara) daughter of Atlas form, including trees and animals, and
Tawiscara North American mother of Lacedaemon by Zeus it was he who gave man the gift of fire.
[Dark One.‘flint’.Hahgwehdaetgah. She was changed into a doe by Artemis Tcuchkuti North American
Taweskare.Tawiscana.Tawiscaron. to escape the advances of Zeus. [Tcochkut]
Tawiskala.Tawiskara.Tawiskaron. In some accounts, she was the a benevolent Hopi spirit
Tawiskava.Tehotennhiaron:=Abnaki Ceryneian Hind captured by Heracles Te Aa-tu-roa New Zealand
Malsum:=Algonquin Chibiabos] as this third Labour. a goddess of the day
an evil spirit of the Huron Indians Taymus Muslim daughter of Te Kore
grandson of the moon father of Zuleikha Te Aka Ia Roe Pacific Islands
son of Wind-Ruler and Breath-of-Wind Tazh Persian a creator god of the Hervey islanders
twin brother of Ioskeha with Tazhak, one of the first pair He is envisaged as a huge worm. The
He fought with his twin brother of mortals, offspring of Frava world is seen as a coconut, the root of
while still in their mother’s womb and and Fravakain which is inhabited by three such
she died when they were born. From This couple became the progenitors beings. Te Aka Ia Roe lives at the top.
then on they fought for supremacy of the Arabs while another pair, (see also Te Manava Roa.
and eventually Ioskeha prevailed, Haoshyanga and Guzhak, became the Te Tanga Engae)
becoming the supreme god of the progenitors of the Iranians. Te-ao Pacific Islands
Iroquois while Tawiscara was Tazhak (see Tazh) a Polynesian deity
banished to the underworld. Tcenes North American son of Po
(see also Othagwenda.Tawiscaron) a hero of the Kato Indians father of Ao-Marama
Tawiscaron North American He rescued the child, Nagaitco, from Te Ariki-n-Tarawa Pacific Islands
[Tawiskaron] the flood and she became the ancestor son of Taburimai
an Iroquois god of the tribe. husband of Nei Te-reere
brother of Oterongtongnia Tchakabech North American father of Kirata-n-te-rerei
In some accounts, this being is the a dwarf According to the Gilbert Islanders, he
same as Tawiscara but others give The Algonquians say that Tchakabech climbed the sacred tree to heaven,
them as separate, with Tawiscaron climbed up a tree to escape the fate married the tree-goddess Te-reere and
being a demon who collected beasts that had befallen his parents, who they became the ancestors of the people.
in the sky and occasionally allowed had been eaten by a bear, and found Te Ata New Zealand
them back to earth to attack mortals. himself in heaven. He returned to a goddess of the dawn
Tawiskala (see Tawiscara) earth and took his sister up to heaven daughter of Te Kore
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 Te Atua Wera Tech Duinn

Te Atua Wera New Zealand Te Po New Zealand Teacher of the World

[The Fiery God] a primaeval deity, god of night (see Pachayachachic)
a Maori deity son of Te Kore teakettle North American
Te Bo ma Te Maki Pacific Islands Like his father, Te Po had many a fabulous animal
the primordial substance from which aspects – Te Po-whawha, Te Po-teki, Teamhair (see Tara3)
the universe was made by Nareau. Te Po-teroa, etc. Teamhair Luachra Irish
Te Bongo Ro Pacific Islands Te Putahi Nui Pacific Islands [Catair Curoi.Cathair Chon Roi]
the primordial darkness a place in Rangi Tuarea, the home of the fortress of Curoi, in some accounts
Te Enua Te Ki Pacific Islands the star-god Rehua It was said that Curoi uttered a chant
the home of Vari Ma Te Takere and Te Rangi Whakaputa each night, causing the building to
her children at the bottom of the (see Whakaputa) revolve so that its entrance could
world coconut where they live in Te Reinga (see Reinga) never be found after sunset.
total silence Te Rongo (see Rongo) Teamhair na Riogh (see Tara3)
Te Hui (see Chu-ti Ho-shang) Te Tanga Engae Pacific Islands Teanoi Pacific Islands
Te Ikawai Pacific Islands a creator god of the Hervey islanders son of Bakoa and Nei Nguiriki
a god of the Gilbert Islands He is envisaged as a huge worm. The The first children of Bakoa were the
son of Na Atibu and Nei Teukez world is seen as a coconut the root of fishes. Next came the human, called
Te-io-Ora (see Motoro) which is inhabited by three such Taburimai, and the shark, Teanoi.
Te Kanawa New Zealand beings. Te Tanga Engae lives in the When Teanoi learned that the fishes
a Maori hunter who was said to middle. (see also Te Aka Ia Roe. planned to kill Taburimai, he carried
have seen fairies in the forest Te Manava Roa) him on his back to the safety of Samoa.
Te Kikinto Pacific Islands Te Toi-o-nga Rangi Pacific Islands He was rewarded by being made a star
a name of Nareau the Younger as a the highest heaven in the sky.
trickster-god of the Gilbert Islands Te Tumu Pacific Islands tearai Japanese
Te Kore New Zealand [Kiho Tumu:=Tahitian Atea: a basin in a shrine
the primaeval void: a creator-god =New Zealand Rangi] This vessel is used in purification rites
of the Maori a supreme god in the Society Islands on entering the shrine.
He had many aspects such as Te Kore- As Kiho, he is equated in some tears of Eos Greek
tua-nia, Te Kore-tua-rua, Te Kore- accounts with the Maori god Io. dew
tua-tahi, Te Kore-tua-para, Te Kore Te Tuna Pacific Islands The dew was regarded as the tearsshed
whiwhia, Te Kore-rawea, and Te Kore- [Tuna(roa)] by Eos over the death of her son
tamaua referring to various properties a monster in the form of an eel Memnon.
of Te Kore as the void and was the He seduced Hina when she came to Teatlahuiani Central American
begetter of many deities such as Te earth to bathe. a god of intoxication
Ao-tu-roa, Te Ata, Te-Po and Whai- In another version, he seduced a one of the Centzon Totochtin
tua. girl named Ina Moe-Aitu and then A sacrifice made to this god would
Te Maharo Pacific Islands ordered her to cut off his head and ensure that the drinker did not die
a Tahitian deity bury it. The first coconut tree grew from drowning when drunk.
Te Manava Roa Pacific Islands from the buried head. tebo African
a creator god of the Hervey islanders Some say that it was Raukura, the [plur=matebo]
He is envisaged as a huge worm. The wife of Maui, who was seduced and an evil spirit of the Bakongo
world is seen as a coconut the root of the angry god chopped Te Tuna into This spirit appears in the form of an
which is inhabited by three such pieces from which came not only the ugly, wrinkled dwarf.
beings. Te Manava Roa lives at the coconut palm but many species of Tecacatetl Central American
bottom. (see also Ta Aka Ia Roe.Te fish. one of the leaders of the Aztecs when
Tanga Engae) Tea Irish they left their homeland, Aztlan
Te Mangai (see Wiremu Ratana) [Tea-Tephi] Tecciztecatl Central American
Te More-tu New Zealand an eastern princess [Metzli.Mex(i)tli]
a deity, space personified wife of Eremon a moon-god of the Aztecs
father of Tangaroa In some accounts, she is said to have son of Tlaloc, some say
Te-nadzuchi Japanese been the daughter of the Biblical He is said to have cremated himself
wife of Ashi-nadzuchi Zedekiah and to have brought the and the moon represents his heart.
mother of Inada-hime Stone of Destiny to Ireland. He is depicted as an old man carry-
Te Nao Pacific Islands tea plant Buddhist ing a white shell.
a sea-god of the Gilbert Islands a plant said to be grown from an (see also Fifth Sun)
son of Na Atibu and Nei Teukez eyelid of Bodhidharma Tech Duinn Irish
Te Parai Tea Pacific Islands Tea-Tephi (see Tea) [Teach Dhionn.Teach Duinn]
[The Hollow Grey Rocks] Teach Dhionn (see Tech Duinn) the island home of Donn
the home of Tumuteanaoa below Teach Duinn (see Tech Duinn) home of the dead
the home of Tango in the world Teach-na-deinedh Irish This land is envisaged as an island to
coconut a rite of purification by fire the south-west of Ireland.
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 Techu Teirnyon

Techu (see Thoth)
Tecmessa Greek
[Tekmessa]
daughter of Teleutas or Teuthras
mother of Eurysaces by Ajax
When Ajax raided her father’s king-
dom during the Trojan War, her father
was killed and she was carried off as a
prize by Ajax.
Tecolotl Central American
a ruler of the underworld in
the form of an owl
Tecpaltzin Central American
an elder of the Aztecs
It was he who advised the Aztecs to
move from their original homeland,
which was somewhere north of the
Colorado River, to Mexico.
Tecpatl Central American
the eighteenth of the 20 days of the
Aztec month
Symbolising the stone knife (tecpatl)
and north, the day was governed by
Tezcatlipoca.
Tectamus Greek
father of Asterius, king of Crete
Tecumbalam Central American
a huge bird in Mayan lore
In one of the early attempts to create
humans, the gods Tepeu and Gucamatz
carved them from wood. When they
proved unsuccessful, the gods sent
four huge birds to destroy them. The
others were known as Camazotz,
Cotzbalam and Xecotcovach.
Teczistecatl Cantral American
a moon-goddess
Teelget North American
[Delge(e)thTheelgeth]
a monster of the Navaho Indians in the
form of a flesh-eating horned beast
Teelget lived in the middle of a huge
plain with no cover so a ground-rat
burrowed under the ground to a
point beneath where the monster was
standing. Nayenezgani then crawled
along the tunnel and shot the beast
from below.
Tefenet (see Tefnut)
Tefnut Egyptian
[Ma(yet).Tefenet.The Spitter]
a rain-goddess
daughter of Atum (Ra) or Khepra
wife and sister of Shu
mother of Geb and Nut
She and her brother Shu were created
when Ra span on the ground.
In some accounts, she went into the
desert as a lynx and was recovered by
Shu and Thoth. Some say that she
married Thoth.
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She is depicted as having a lion’s He was said to combine male and
head and wearing a solar disc or some- female characteristics and lived for
times as a snake. seven generations.
Tegau Efron (see Tegau Eufron) When he saw two snakes mating,
Tegau Eufron Welsh he struck them with a stick, killing
[Tegau Efron.Tegau Eurfon] the female, and became a woman.
in Welsh accounts, wife of Caradoc When this happened again, he struck
Briefbas and mother of Meuric the male and became a man again and
She owned a famous carving knife, was thus able to settle an argument
cup and mantle, the last of which is between Zeus and Hera by saying that
sometimes in the list of the Thirteen women got nine times more pleasure
Treasures collected by Merlin. from sexual intercourse than did men.
In other versions, Caradoc’s wife In this story, it was the angry Hera
is Guimer. who blinded him and Zeus who gave
Tegau Eurfon (see Tegau Eufron) him the power of second sight.
Tegid Foel (see Tegid Voel) In another version, he happened to
Tegid Voel Welsh see Athena when she was bathing so
[Tegid Foel] she blinded him but gave him the gift
a noble of second sight in compensation and
husband of Ceridwen decreed that he should live seven
father of Avagddu, Creirwy and Morvran times longer than the normal span.
Some versions regard him as a water- Others say that he was blinded by
god; in other accounts ‘he’ is defined Aphrodite when, asked to judge her
as a water-goddess. beauty against that of the three
Tegner (see Bishop Tegner) Graces, he awarded the prize to Cale.
tego African Among other things, he foretold
a Swahili amulet worn to prevent a the fate of Narcissus and revealed
wife’s adultery to Jocasta the news that she had
Tego’o North American married her own son, Oedipus.
a companion of Pelintsiek when he He died as a result of drinking at
came to California from the north the poisoned spring of Telphusa when
Tegyrius Greek he accompanied the Thebans who,
a king of Thrace on his advice, evacuated the city when
Teharon (see Ioskeha) it was attacked by the Epigoni.
Teharonhiawagon (see Ioskeha) Other accounts say that he died
Tehenut Egyptian when he was being taken to Delphi
[African] after being captured by the Epigoni,
an aspect of Neith, said to have or at Colophon where he went with
originated in the mountains of his daughter, Manto.
the moon It was said that he continued to
Tehom1 Mesopotamian make prophecies in Hades even after
[Tchom] his death.
the primaeval waters Teiresis2 British
Tehom2 (see Tiamat) a poem by Tennyson
Tehotennhiaron (see Tawiscara) Teirgwaedd Welsh
Tehuehuetl Central American [Teirgwed]
a large stone used in acts of penitence father of Menw
Tehuti (see Tahuti) Teirgwed (see Teirgwaedd)
Teicauhtzin Central American Teirnyon Welsh
an Aztec war-god [Teyrnon.Tiernon.Turf Liant]
Teicu Central American a farmer, Lord of Gwent
an Aztec goddess Watching a mare foal, he saw a clawed
sister of Ticapan, Tlaco and Xocutin hand appear through the window and
These four sisters are regarded as four grab the young colt. He cut off the
aspects of Tlazolteotl as a witch. hand with his sword and went out of
Teimatini (see Tezcatlipoca) the stable expecting to find a dragon.
Teiresias1 Greek He saw nothing but found a baby
[Tire(i)sias] abandoned on the doorstep when he
a Theban prophet re-entered the stable. He and his wife
son of Everes and Chariclo reared the baby as their own, calling
father of Manto him Gwri. When they discovered that

996
 Teirtu
he was the son of Pwyll and Rhiannon Some say that he was killed when
they returned him to his parents who helping Heracles in his war against
called him Pryderi. Elis.
Teirtu Welsh Sculptured male figures used as sup-
owner of a harp that could play itself porting columns are called telamones.
Culhwch was required by Ysbaddaden Telchins (see Telchines)
to get this harp as part of his quest Telchines Greek
for the hand of Olwen. [Telchins]
Some equate Teirtu with the Dagda, the original inhabitants of Rhodes
owner of such a harp. or, some say, Crete
Teisbas Armenian children of Thalassa, some say
a god These people, who were said to be
Teishakuten Japanese skilled both in magic and in the arts
a guardian deity of metalwork, abandoned the island
one of the 28 Nijuhachi-Bushu before Deucalion’s flood. They were
Teisiphone (see Tisiphone) said to use their magic powers for evil
Teite Irish purposes and Zeus came to hate them.
sister of Fothadh Canainne Some say that Zeus, or Poseidon,
When her brother said that he would drowned them all in the flood but
drink at Finn mac Cool’s feast only in others say that they were expelled by
the presence of the dead, Finn killed the sons of Helius and Rhodes.
both Teite and her husband to meet In some accounts they are des-
this condition. cribed as being like dogs with fins
Teithion Welsh instead of feet and are said to have
father of Madawg raised the infant Poseidon.
Teiwa (see Tyr) Tele Pacific Islands
Tejosnisa Buddhist the first man, in Samoan lore
a god (see also Atu.Tutu2)
Tekkei Japanese Teledamus
a sennin who blew his own soul son of Agamemnon by Cassandra
into the heavens twin brother of Pelops
Tekmessa (see Tecmessa) Agamemnon took Cassandra and her
tekoteko New Zealand two sons back to Greece after the fall
a wooden figure of Troy. All four were killed by
These carved figures, which depict Clytemnestra and her lover, Aegisthus.
animals, demons and men, are erected Teledice
at the entrance to Maori villages and a nymph
are said to protect the people with mother of Apis by Phoroneus
their magical powers. Telegonia
Telamon Greek one of the poems in the
king of Salamis Epic Cycle, telling the
son of Aeacus and Endeis story of Telegonus
brother of Peleus Telegonos (see Telegonus)
half-brother of Phocus Telegonus1
husband of Glauce and Periboea [Telegonos]
father of Ajax by Periboea son of Odysseus and Circe
father of Teucer by Hesione brother of Agrius and Latinus
He was one of the party hunting father of Italus by Penelope
the Calydonian boar and sailed with In some stories he killed Odysseus
the Argonauts. He also sailed with not knowing that he was killing his
Heracles in his attack on Troy and, father. He then took Penelope and
for his help, was given Hesione, Telemachus, wife and son of Odysseus,
Laomedon’s sister, as a prize, fathering back to Aeaea.
Teucer on her. He is said to have married Penelope
He and Peleus killed their half- and Telemachus married Circe.
brother Phocus and were exiled by (see also Telemachus)
their father, Telamon being sent to Telegonus2 Greek
Salamis. Here he married the king’s [Telegonos]
daughter, Glauce, and himself became a king of Egypt
king. He later married Periboea and He married Io after she was restored
was the father by her of Ajax the Great. to human form from a white cow.
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Telipinu
Telegonus3 Greek
[Telegonos]
son of Proteus
When he challenged Heracles to a
wrestling match he was killed.
Teleia Greek
a name for Hera as ‘matron’
Teleios (see Talaios)
Telemachus Greek
[Telemakhos]
son of Odysseus and Penelope
He was a baby when the Trojan War
broke out and his father feigned mad-
ness to escape military service, sowing
his fields with salt. Palamede put the
infant Telemachus in front of the
plough and Odysseus quickly demon-
strated that he was not mad.
Twenty years later he set out to find
his father who had not returned from
Troy. He travelled to Pylos to consult
Nestor who knew nothing and then to
Sparta only to find that Menelaus
could tell him only that his father was
held captive on an island by Calypso.
When Odysseus did finally get home
after all his wanderings, Telemachus
helped him in the killing of the many
Greek suitors who had been pestering his
mother, Penelope, for many years and
they rounded up all the servants who
had been unfaithful to Odysseus and
hanged them.
In another story, Telegonus, a son
of Odysseus by Circe, killed Odysseus
Greek and took Penelope to Aeaea where
he married her. Telemachus, in this
version, married Circe, on whom he
Greek fathered Latinus, while others say that
he married Nausicaa who bore him a
son, Perseptolis. Still others say that
he married Polycaste.
(see also Telegonus1)
Greek Telemakhos (see Telemachus)
Telemus Greek
a prophet
son of Eurymus
He foretold that Polyphemus would
be blinded by Odysseus.
Teleon Greek
father of Butes and Erechtheus by
Zeuxippe, in some accounts
Teleos Greek
a name for Zeus as guardian of
the family
Telephassa Greek
wife of Agenor
Telipinu
mother of Cadmus, Cilix, Phineus,
Phoenix, Thasus and a daughter,
Europa
 Telephus Temioua

Her daughter was abducted by Zeus Once, when he disappeared wearing A prisoner tied to this ‘spindle-stone’
in the form of a bull. Telephassa died his boots on the wrong feet, the earth could fight for his life against his
during the long search for her missing became desolate and all things started captors and, if he managed to defeat
daughter. to die off. He was stung by a bee sent seven, was set free. Failure resulted in
Telephus Greek by Hannahanna to find him but that sacrificial death.
a king of Teuthrania only further angered him and caused Temaukel South American
son of Heracles and Auge him to send major floods. When the supreme god of the Ona Indians of
husband of Argiope, Astyoche Kamrusepa, the goddess of magic, Tierra del Fuego
or Laodice dispelled his anger, or cured his illness, Temazcalteci Central American
father of Eurypylus by Astyoche some say, he returned to his palace and an Aztec goddess of the baths
He was abandoned as a baby, found by the earth was saved. a name for Cihuacoatl as
shepherds, suckled by a deer and later In some accounts, Telipinu, as son of ‘grandmother of the baths’
found his mother who was then queen Teshub, retrieved the god’s eyes and In some accounts, she is equated with
of Mysia. He became king on the heart from the monster, Illuyankas, Tlazoteotl.
death of her husband, Teuthras. when he married the monster’s daughter. Tembo African
In some accounts, he was given Teljavelik Baltic a legendary king of the Baganda
Auge, the wife or adopted daughter of [Telyaveli(k)] grandson of Kimera
Teuthras, as a wife but they discovered a Lithuanian creator-god and smith-god His mother told Tembo that his father
their relationship in time to avoid telkpenu African had been killed by his grandfather,
marriage. He then married Argiope, a sand-diviner of Liberia Kimera, and Tembo took the oppor-
the real daughter of Teuthras or, in Tellumo Roman tunity, when Kimera was alone, to kill
some accounts, Astyoche or Laodice. an ancient earth-god him with his club. He later went mad
He killed Thersander but was consort of Tellus but was cured by the sacrifice of a
wounded by Achilles when the Greeks, (see also Tellurus.Tellus) human being.
en route to Troy, mistakenly landed Tellurus Roman Temenus1 Greek
in Mysia. He was cured with the rust an ancient earth-god a king of Argos
from the spear of Achilles and set consort of Tellus son of Aristomachus
the fleet on its proper course. (see also Tellumo.Tellus) brother of Aristodemus
Telepinu (see Telipinu) Tellus Roman and Cresphontes
Telepinus (see Telipinu) [Terra (Mater)Tellus Mater father of Archielaus, Creisus, Hyrnetho
Telepuna (see Telipinu) :=German Nerthus:=Greek Gaea] and Perdiccas
telesm (see talisman) a primaeval earth-goddess He was a descendant of Heracles who
Telesphorus Greek consort of Coelus, Tellumo or Tellurus led an attack on the Pelopponese by
[Acesius.Aceso] She was superseded by Ceres. the Heraclidae. The attackers defeated
a child-god, assistant to Asclepius Tellus Mater (see Tellus) Tisamenus and shared the country,
Telethusa Greek Telphusa Greek Temenus taking Argos.
wife of Ligdus [Tilphus(s)a] When his daughter Hyrnetho mar-
mother of Iphis a spring-nymph of Boeotia ried Deiphontes, Temenus showed
She raised her daughter as a boy Apollo asked advice on founding his that he preferred his son-in-law to his
because her husband had ordered that own oracle and she deliberately sent own sons, who then killed him.
any female children should be him to face the Python. On his return, Temenus2 Greek
abandoned. the god covered her spring with rocks. a king of Stymphalus
Teleutas Greek The water of this spring later poisoned son of Pelasgus
a king of Phrygia the seer, Teiresias. Temenus was said to have reared the
father of Tecmessa, some say Telpochtli Central American goddess Hera.
In some accounts, Tecmessa was the a name for Tezcatlipoca as Temenus3 Greek
daughter of Teuthras. Youthful Warrior son of Phegeus
teleze-awa Russian Telque-huecuve South American brother of Arsinoe and Axion
[=Moravian kov-ava] a cuttlefish in the lore of His sister, Arsinoe, married Alcmaeon
a Cheremis tutelary spirit, guardian the Araucanians and, when he abandoned her, Temenus,
of the moon This fearsome beast has a hoof on the with his brother and father, killed him.
Teli Tibetan end of each tentacle. (see also Manta) temenus4 Greek
a Lamaist sorcerer Telramund (see Frederick) a sacred enclosure
Teliko African Telta (see Taltiu) Temgu (see Tengu)
a wind-god of the Bambara people Telyaveli (see Teljavelik) Temioua South American
He was killed by Faro who smashed Telyavelik (see Teljavelik) an ancestral heroine of the Tupi
him against the side of a mountain. Tem (see Atum) mother of Pinon
Telipinu Hittite Temair (see Tara3) Fleeing from an unwanted marriage,
[Telepinu(s).Telepuna] temalacatl Central American she produced two eggs. From one of
a fertility-god and god of agriculture a stone to which a prisoner could these emerged the boy Pinon, from
son of Taru or Teshub be tethered the other a girl. The two children
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 Temmangu Tengri1

became constellations, he Orion, she Ten Corn Maidens North American Shan Kun. The eighth court, ruled by
the Pleiades. [Corn Maidens] P’ing-teng, judged those who failed
Temmangu Japanese corn spirits in the lore of the Zuni to honour their ancestors and the
the name for Tenjin in some accounts These beings were underworld spirits ninth, that of Tu-shih, dealt with
(see also Michizane Sugawara) who came to the upper world only to arsonists. If they survived the
Tempe Greek find themselves turned into mortals punishments meted out by these
a most beautiful valley in Thessaly and locked up by witches. Their courts, souls passed to the tenth and
It was here, between Mount Osso absence caused the crops to fail but final court where the judge, Chuan
and Olympus, that Apollo was purified fertility was restored when the Lun, made a decision on their future.
after killing the Python. maidens were rescued by Payatami. Tena-ranide North American
tempestor Another version of this story says a plague-god of the Athapascans,
[tempestuary] that these ten deities followed the god of death
a witch or wizard said to cause storms Ashiwi from the underworld and were Tenanto’mni Siberian
tempestuary (see tempestor) given the seeds of maize and squash by a creator-god of the
Templars British two witches. They were found by the Chukchee people
the knights helping Titurel to guard twin gods, Kowwituma and Watsusii, Tenanto’mwan Siberian
the Holy Grail in the temple who took them to perform their dance [Ya’qhicnin:=Chukchee Va’irgin]
on Mount Salvat (see also Templeise) in front of the tribes but they were a creator-god of the Koryak people
Temple of Heaven (see T’ien T’ang) frightened by Payatami and ran away, consort of I’lena
Temple of the Grail British causing a great famine. The two gods tenebrio
the temple in which the Holy Grail managed to persuade the maidens to a night spirit
was kept return and they performed their ritual Tenen (see Tatenen)
This temple was built on Mount Salvat dance once more, restoring the fertility Tenes Greek
by Titurel, the knight who first found of the land, before finally disappearing [Tennes]
the Holy Grail. He guarded it day for ever. king of Tenedos
and night during his lifetime, a duty Ten Datsu-Ba Japanese son of Cycnus and Procleia
taken over by his son, Amfortas, when husband of Sodzu Baba His real father was said to be Apollo.
Titurel died. (see also Templars) Ten Geris Siberian Cycnus married a second wife, called
Temple of the High Head a thunder-god of the Buriats Phylonome, who fell in love with
(see E-Sagila) Ten-gu (see Tengu) Tenes and lied about him when he
Temple of the Stars Ten Rishis (see Seven Rishis) rejected her advances. Cycnus cast
(see Glastonbury Zodiac) Ten Scholars Chinese both Tenes and his sister Hemithea
Templeise British [Shih Che] adrift in a chest but Poseidon kept
in some accounts, the knights 10 disciples of Confucius them safe and they landed at Tenedos
who acted as guardians of Ten Suns Chinese where Tenes became king.
the Holy Grail (see also Templars) offspring of Ti Chün and Hsi Ho In some stories, Cycnus, having
Tempon Telon East Indian The suns lived in the giant tree, Fu discovered his wife’s deceit, killed her
[Tempun Telon:=Greek Charon: Sang, in the east. They took it in turns and went to Tenedos but was rejected
=Egyptian Turnface:=Etruscan Charun: to cross the sky each day, accompanied by Tenes who was killed by Achilles
=Mesopotamian Arad Ea] by their mother. When they decided to when defending Hemithea.
a sangiang appear in the sky all at the same time, In another version, father and son
brother of Lilang the earth was in danger of being burnt were reconciled and fought together
This demi-god’s function is to conduct to a cinder but was saved when the at Troy where both were killed by
souls to the land of the dead. archer, I, shot down nine of them. Achilles.
Tempulcagne South American Ten Yama Kings Chinese Tenenit Egyptian
the Araucanian angel of death [Kings of Hell.Shih T’ien-yen-wang. a goddess of beer
Tempun Telon (see Tempon Telon) Shih Wang] Teng Kao Chinese
temu1 (see Abominable Snowman) judges of the dead [Climbing the Hills]
Temu2 (see Atum) Each of these beings had his own court a harvest festival
Temuir (see Tara3) in the underworld. The first judge, Tenga Japanese
Ten1 Japanese Ts’en-kuang, decided whether the soul [Ama-no-Yasu-no-gawa]
[=Hindu deva:=Tibetan lha] should be released to a new life or the Milky Way regarded as a
a title given to a god: heaven: paradise passed on for judgment; the second, river in which the gods
Ten2 Japanese Chi-chiang, held court over the catch fish
a sky-god (see T’ien) corrupt and incompetent; the third, Tengeri (see Tengri)
Ten3 (see Tatenen) Sung Ti, dealt with liars; the fourth, Tengri1 Mongol
Ten Ahau Central American Wu Kuan, with misers and the fifth, [Tengeri.Tura]
the tenth day of the 20 days of Yen Wang, with murderers. Atheists divine beings
the Mayan creation cycle were tried in the court of the sixth children of the sky-god, Tengri
On this day sinners were sent to hell. judge, Pien-ch’eng, while slavers Some of them are Tangara, Esege-
(see also Ahau) appeared in the seventh ruled by T’ai Malan-Tengri and Qormusta Tengri.
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 Tengri2 Tepeu

Tengri2 Mongol He wrote Amphion, Death of Oenone, spirits came back and wandered round
[Tengeri.Tura] Idylls of the King, Lady of Shalott, the old tree.
a sky-god Teiresias, The Lotus Eaters, Tithonus, teopan Central American
He appears in two aspects as Blue Ulysses, etc. an Aztec temple and courts around
Tengri and Eternal Tengri. Tenoch Central American the teocalli
Tengu Japanese one of the leaders of the Aztecs when teotl Central American
[Temgu.Ten-gu:=Buddhist Oni] they left their homeland, Aztlan the Aztec term for god
Shinto demons in the form of Tenochtitlan Central American Teotl Iztacan Central American
bird-men, offspring of Susanowa a sacred city of the Aztecs, the modern the tenth of the 13 Aztec heavens,
These beings looked human but were Mexico City ruled over by Tezcatlipoca
hatched from eggs and lived in trees. Tenrio-no-mikoto Japanese Teotl Tlatauhcam Central American
They were adept in the arts of dancing [Kashikone] the house of the red god, the
and the use of the sword and were said a deity worshipped by the twelfth of the thirteen Aztec
to take possession of humans who then Tenrikyo movement heavens, ruled by
became proficient in these arts. Some Tenshi (see Tenno) Tlahuizcalpantecuhtli
say that they carried off humans and Tensho-ko-daijin (see Amaterasu) Teotleco Festival Central American
hid them; when they were recovered, Tenskwata North American [Coming of the Gods]
these people were found to be mad. a 19th C Shawnee medicine-man an Aztec festival celebrating the
In some accounts, they are regarded He forecast that a new world would return of the gods
as female demons with huge noses appear in the early years of the 19th It was said that all the gods went away
and long ears who could fly great century. in the twelfth month so a festival was
distances carrying a man and could tentatores laid on for their return. It was heralded
bite through steel. [infidiatores] by the appearance of Tezcatlipoca on
They are depicted as having wings, the ninth order of demons, spirits of about the eighteenth day of the month
claws and beaks or as largely human temptation ruled by Mammon with the remainder following on the
with a fan. Tenten South American last day.
Tengys Siberian a serpent-deity of the Araucanians teoxiutl Central American
a sea-god When Carcai caused the flood, Tenten a form of turquoise
Tenit (see Tanit) raised the mountains and so saved This mineral was used in religious
Tenjin Japanese some of the people and animals. ceremonies and was said to emit smoke.
[Heavenly Deity.Temmangu] In some accounts, Tenten was the Teoyaomiqui Central American
a god of calligraphy peak on which humans assembled [Huahuantli.Teoyaom(in)qui]
This is the name given to Michizane when Guecubu caused the flood in some accounts, a god of
Sugawara when he was deified. and the mountains were raised by slain warriors
Tenkuraion (see Ashuku) Guenu-Pillan. A huge statue dug up in Mexico in
Tenko Japanese Tenuantius British 1790 had figures on both front and
a painter duke of Cornwall, later king of Britain back, identified as Huitzilpochtli and
father of Kimi son of Lud the goddess Teoyaomiqui. Others say
He took Sawara as a pupil. brother of Androgeus that there was no such goddess and
Tennes (see Tenes) father of Cunobelinus that the statue is of Chicomecohuatl.
tennin Buddhist Tenui British Teoyaominqui (see Teoyaomiqui)
[tennyo] [Tenwi] Teoyaomqui (see Teoyaomiqui)
in Japanese lore, beautiful maidens son of Lot and Anna Tepanaguaste Central American
living in paradise: female angels brother of Mordred a Mayan sacred musical instrument
Tenni Heika Japanese Tenwi (see Tenui) guarded by Votan
a title of the emperor as a son teocalli Central American In some accounts, Tepanaguaste is the
of heaven, reflecting descent an Aztec temple or place of sacrifice in guardian of a sacred instrument of the
from Amaterasu the form of a truncated pyramid same name.
Tenno Japanese Teocipactli (see Coxcox) Tepegoz Turkish
[Heavenly King.Tenshi] teocote Central American [Goggle-eye]
an epithet of deities a form of pine tree from which the a one-eyed monster overcome by a
Tenno-nei Japanese Aztecs extracted oil used in their hero in Dede Korkut
[‘imperial soul’] sacred fire Tepeolotlec Central American
the belief that a new emperor, Teojo Japanese a name for Tepeyollotl as Lord of Beasts
on taking office, receives the husband of Matsue Tepeu Central American
soul passed down through He got into difficulties when he swam a Mayan creator-god
preceding emperors across the sea to follow the flight of When the earth rose out of the
tennyo (see tennin) the heron and was rescued by Matsue primordial ocean, Tepeu and Gucamatz
Tennyson, Alfred British whom he married. They both loved made men from soil but they were
(1809-1892) the huge pine tree that grew near their disappointed with the results and
a poet house and, when they died, their destroyed them in a flood. Next they
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 Tepeyollotl Terrible Face

carved a race of beings from wood Teratius Roman terlain (see terlaik)
but these too were not satisfactory and a man who was ordered to kill Termagaunt1 Muslim
the gods had them torn to pieces by Romulus and Remus an imaginary deity of violent
four huge birds, Camazotz, Cotzbalam, In the stories that ascribe the birth of character appearing in
Tecumbalam and Xocotcovach. The Romulus and Remus to the servant of mediaeval plays
following race of giants was destroyed a daughter of Tarchetius. the twins Termagaunt2 Muslim
by Hunapu and Ixbalanque and the were given to Teratius who was a Saracen idol
final population was created by Tepeu ordered to kill them. Instead, he left Termerus Greek
and Gucamatz who made the ancestors them on the bank of the Tiber where an outlaw
of the tribes, Balam Agab, Balam they were found by a cowherd. His speciality was to kill travellers
Quitzé, Iqi Balam and Mahacutah. Terdelaschoye British by head-butting them. Heracles killed
(see also Hurakan) a fairy him in the same fashion.
Tepeyollotl Central American wife of Mazadan Terminalia Roman
[Tepeolotlec.Votan] mother of Brickus a festival in honour of Terminus,
an Aztec earth-god, a jaguar-god Terer East Indian 23rd February
He was regarded as a manifestation of the first man Terminal Roman
Tezcatlipoca as the cause of earthquakes. When he died, he went to Boigu, the [=Greek Herma]
tepitonen Central American land of the dead, and he now leads a bust of the god Terminus erected at
household gods of the Aztecs souls from Beg to Boigu by an under- street corners, etc.
Teponaztli Central American sea route. Terminus1 Roman
a sacred drum of the Aztecs Tereus Greek a god of boundaries
Tepotatango Pacific Islands a king of Thrace Terminus2
wife of Rangi, some say son of Ares (see Hermes.Jupiter.Mercury)
Tepoxtecatl (see Tepoztecatl) father of Itys Tern North American
Tepoztecatl Central American He married Procne and fathered a son, wife of a son of Coyote
[Tepoxtecatl] Itys. He later went through a form of Coyote desired Tern and arranged to
an Aztec fertility-god marriage with Philomela, Procne’s send her husband to the sky so that he
In some accounts he was one of the younger sister, pretending that Procne could have her. Later her husband
Centzon Totochtin. was dead. In fact, she was incarcerated returned, dropped from the sky by
Tepy-dju-ef Egyptian in the slave quarters. In some versions Spider Woman in a box, and he found
a name of Anubis as ‘the one on of the tale, Tereus had cut out Procne’s his favourite wife, Black Swan, and her
the mountain’ tongue to prevent her from any children had been expelled from the
Tequechmecauiani Central American communication with her sister, in camp. He thereupon killed all the
a god of intoxication others he cut out Philomela’s tongue inhabitants of the camp.
one of the Centzon Totochtin when she tried to denounce him as the Ternova (see New Troy)
A sacrifice made to this god would monster he undoubtedly was. Terpsichore Greek
ensure that the drinker did not die The sisters did manage to com- [Terpsikhore]
from hanging when drunk. municate through words and pictures one of the 9 Muses – dance
tequendama Central American woven into a tapestry and they mother of Rhesus by Strymonm,
a waterfall avenged themselves by killing Itys, some say
This feature was created when Bochica cutting him up and serving him to Terpsikhore (see Terpsichore)
appeared in the form of a rainbow Tereus in a stew. Terra (see Tellus)
when the world was flooded by Tereus would have slain them with Terra Mater (see Tellus)
Chibchacum. an axe but the gods intervened and Terrace of the Mirror
Tequiua Central American turned all three into birds, Tereus into (see Hsieh-ching t’ai)
a name used by Tezcatlipoca in the a hawk (or owl or hoopoe), Philomela terrashot (see Funeral Mountain)
form of a warrior into a nightingale, Procne into a Terre Foraine, La British
In this guise, the god invited all the swallow and Itys into a pheasant or a [Distant Country.Listenise.Listenois(e)]
inhabitants of Tollan to a flower- sandpiper. Since the nightingale sings This realm was ruled at various times
garden known as Xochitla and then while the swallow can merely twitter, by Kalafes, Lambor, Joshua and,
attacked them with a hoe, killing many it seems perhaps more likely that it was perhaps, Pellam or Pelles. In some
of them. Procne who had her tongue cut out. accounts, it is equated with Listinoise
Terafim (see Teraphim) In some accounts, the roles of or the Waste Land.
Terah (see Elom) Philomela and Procne are reversed. Terre Labur British
Teraphim1 Hebrew terlaik Malay the realm ruled by Klingsor
[Terafim] [terlain] Terrestrial Paradise British
images of household gods used a violent storm the mediaeval concept of
in divination It is said that such a storm can be the Garden of Eden, still
Teraphim2 Mesopotamian called up by imitating bird calls or by thought to exist
[Terafim] teasing animals such as monkeys, cats, Terrible Broom (see Scuab Uasafach)
Sumerian household gods or dogs. Terrible Face (see Hershef)
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 Terrible, The Tevne

Terrible, The Irish This is one of the three symbols He fought well at Troy and was one of
a demon conjured up by Bricciu held by Ptah; the others are the ankh the party concealed in the Wooden
(see Bricciu’s Feast) and was. Horse but, because he had failed to
Tertiana (see Febris) Tet2 (see Ded) avenge the death of Ajax, his father
teruteru-bozu Japanese Tete Brec Irish refused to welcome him on his return
dolls used as talismans [Twinkling Hoard] from Troy so he went off to Cyprus
These dolls are fastened to trees or to one of the homes of the king of Ulster and founded Salamis.
the eaves of houses to bring fine tetele East Indian Teucri Greek
weather. a doll used in a ceremony to cure descendants of Teucer: the Trojans
tervils Norse the sick Teuhcatl Central American
evil demons with the gift of prophecy Teteo Innan Teteo Central American an Aztec war-god
Tescatlipoca (see Tezcatlipoca) an Aztec fire-god Teukros (see Teucer)
Teshub Mesopotamian Teteoinnan Central American Teumessian Vixen
[Tarhuis.Tarhun(t).Tarhuntas.Tark(u). [Mother of the Gods.Tetoinnan.Toci(tzin)] (see Cadmeian Vixen)
Tes(h)up.Tesub.Tushup:=Canaanite Baal: an Aztec maize-goddess and Teutamides Greek
=Hattic Taru:=Sumerian Ishkur] goddess of physicians a king of Thessaly
the Hittite and Hurrian storm-god an aspect of Cihuacoatl, Tlazolteotl or It was he who organised the games
son of Kumarbi Tonantzin, in some accounts at which Perseus inadvertently killed
brother of Ishtar and Tasmisu In those accounts which say that his grandfather, Acrisius, with a
consort of Hebat, Huwassanas, Huitzilopochtli had two mothers, wayward discus.
Sabasarras and Tasimis Teteoinnan was one of them. The Teutates Celtic
consort of Shoushkas, some say other was Coatlicue. [Albiorix.T(e)utatis.T(o)utates.T(o)utatis:
father of Inara, Sharrumas and Telipinu Tethra Irish =British Totates]
When Kumarbi overthrew Anu, he a Formorian god of the undersea world a war-god in Gaul
spat out three new gods, Teshub, He was the owner of the magic Teutatis (see Teutates)
Aranzakh and Tasmisu. speaking sword, Orna, which was Teuthras Greek
Teshub replaced Kumarbi as seized by Ogma. king of Teuthrania in Mysia
supreme god and married the Tethys Greek father of Argiope and Thespius
daughter of the sea-god, producing a sea-goddess father of Tecmessa, some say
the giant Ullikummi who was made of a Titaness Ajax raided his kingdom during the
diorite. Others say that Kumarbi grandmother of Thetis Trojan War, killed Teuthras and
married the sea-god’s daughter who daughter of Uranus and Gaea carried off his daughter, Tecmessa. In
bore Ullikummi or that this stone wife of Oceanus other accounts, Tecmessa was the
giant was created by Kumarbi to mother of Dione, Iapetus, Metis, the daughter of Teleutas.
avenge his dethronement by Teshub. Oceanids and all the river-gods He bought Auge as a slave and
When Ullikummi grew so large that mother of Pluto (f) by Zeus or Tmolus either married her or adopted her as
he threatened the whole world, She was said to be the mother of some his daughter. When Telephus, her son
Teshub (or Ea, in other versions) cut 3,000 Oceanids. by Heracles, came to his court, he
off the giant’s feet and it fell into the In some accounts she is equated gave him Argiope as a wife and made
ocean. with Thetis. him heir to the throne.
When his son Telipinu disappeared Tetoinnan (see Teteoinnan) Tevennec European
he searched for him in vain. Tetong Pacific Islands in Breton lore, the land of the dead
In one story he was defeated by the father of Juan This realm is an island to which the
demon Illuyankas but Inara gave the tetragrammaton souls of the dead are transferred every
dragon and his brood so much food a sacred four-letter word such as Jove, night in boats.
that they got stuck in the opening to JHWH, Zeus, etc. Tevne Mongolian
their lair. Hupasiyas then tied them up Tetzahauteotl Central American a man who married a princess
so that Teshub could kill them. an Aztec war-god Tevne trapped a servant of the
Alternatively, when the dragon Tetzahuitl Central American princess in a deep pit and forced her
defeated Teshub, he took his eyes an Aztec war-god to reveal the identity of her mistress.
and heart. Telipinu, a son of Teshub, Teu (see Tyr) The king tried to frustrate Tevne by
married a daughter of Illuyankas and Teucer1 Greek parading a number of identically-
received the eyes and heart as a [Teukros] dressed girls in front of him but he
wedding gift. He returned them to the first king of Troy picked out the real princess and
his father who then slew both his son of Scamander and Idaea married her. The king then used his
son and the dragon. (see also Sutekh) father of Batea (see also Tros) book of divinations to locate the
Teshup (see Teshub) Teucer2 Greek person who had betrayed him and,
Tesub (see Teshub) [Teukros] when he failed, burned the book.
Tesup (see Atabyrius.Teshub) a celebrated archer Later, some sheep ate the ashes of the
Tet1 Egyptian son of Telamon and Glauce or Hesione book. That is why sheep, it is said,
a symbol of stability half-brother of Ajax the Great have divine insight.
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 tevoda Thalia4

tevoda Cambodian Cipactli. He tore off the jaw of this Thagya Min Burmese
[=Hindu devata] monster crocodile and used it to chief of the 37 nats
one of the blessed living in Indra’s make the earth. The mirror enabled His appearance signals the start of
paradise or living in the forest to him to foretell the future. Some the year and determines its outcome.
record the sins of humans accounts say that he lost his foot when Thagyan (see Thingyan Pwe)
Some of these beings act as guardians it became trapped in the door of the Thah Central American
of the world. underworld. [Thaah]
Tew (see Tyr) He appeared in four aspects, a supreme deity of the Maya
Tewada Siamese referred to as Blue Tezcatlipoca when Thahog-chos-rgyal-po
[=Burmese Tawadeintha] he was Tlaloc, guardian of the (see Thok-chho)
the land of the nats south; Red Tezcatlipoca when he was Thaissa Greek
Tewi’xilak North American Xipetotec, guardian of the east; and a girl restored to life by Cerimon
a god of the hunt in the lore of the Quetzalcoatl, guardian of the west. Thakur-Deo Hindu
Indians of British Columbia The north (black) region he kept for a local god in the north of India
Texcatzoncatl (see Tezcatlipoca) himself as Titlacuhan. As a warrior- consort of Dharti Mata
Teyocoyani Central American god, he was Huitzilopochtli and, in Thakurani (see Gramadevata)
a name for Tezcatlipoca as some stories, was turned into a tiger by Thalaba
creator of men Quetzalcoatl who knocked him out of in Eastern legends, the
Teyrnon (see Teirnyon) the heavens. personification of fertility
Teyu-Yagua South American He fell in love with Xochiquetzal, or the sun
a monster in the form of wife of Tlaloc, and abducted her. Thalassa Greek
a jaguar-lizard His story is one of continual [Mare]
In the lore of the Guarani people of conflict with Quetzalcoatl, representing a sea-goddess
Paraguay, this beast is said to guard the eternal struggle between good and wife of Pontus
Paititi, the land of gold. evil. mother of the Curetes by Poseidon,
Tezcacoac Ayopechtli Central American In some versions, he died every year some say
an Aztec goddess of childbirth and was restored when a human heart, Thalath Mesopotamian
Tezcaquahuitl Central American torn from a living man, was offered [=Chaldean Omroca]
one of the 2 trees which, in Aztec lore, in sacrifice. a Babylonian ruler of the
support the sky In the Aztec creation stories, he was primitive waters
The other supporting tree is known as the ruler of the First Sun, ruling for Belus cut Thalath in half to make earth
Quetzalveixochitl. 676 years until he was killed by and sky.
Tezcatepuca (see Tezcatlipoca) Quetzalcoatl who ruled during the Thalatta Greek
Tezcatlipoca Central American period of the Second Sun. When he a sea-god of Rhodes
[Chalchihuitotolin.Fiery Mirror. was killed, he became a jaguar. Thalea (see Thalia)
Huitzilopochtli.Itzlacoliuhque.Itzli. He is usually depicted with a dart Thaleia (see Thalia)
Mixcoatl-Camaxtli.Moneneque. and spear-thrower in his right hand Thales Greek
Moyocoatzin.Moyocoyan. and a shield and a spare dart in his left one of the Seven Sages
Nezahuapilli.Omacatl. hand, but sometimes appeared in the Thalestris Greek
Onachihuitonatiuh.Quetzalcoatl. form of a turkey. a queen of the Amazons
Smoking Mirror.Teimatini.Telpochtli. (see also Moquequelas.Pantecatle. She is said to have led a party of 300
Tepeyollotl.Tescatlipoca.Texcatzoncatl. Tequiua.Teyocoyani.Touyo) Amazons to meet the all-conquering
Tezcatepuca.Titlac(ah)uan.Tlaloc. Tezozomoc Central American Alexander in the hope that he would
Tlamatzsincatl.Tonatiuh.Tree of Mirrors. a Mexican who recorded many father a whole race of such men.
Xipetotec.Yaotl.Yoalli Ehecatl. Aztec myths Thalia1 Greek
Yoamaxtli.Yaotlinecoc.Yaotzin. Tezpi (see Coxcox) [Aethalian.Jollity.Thale(i)a]
=Mayan Chac:=Mixtec Tzahui: Thaah (see Thah) one of the 3 Graces – good cheer,
=Totanac Tajin:=Zapotec Cocijo] Thab-Iha Tibetan jollity, bringer of flowers
an Aztec sun-god, giver of life and god a Bon hearth-god Thalia2 Greek
of the smoking mirror thabet Burmese [Aethalian.Thale(i)a]
son of Ometeotl and Ometecuhtli monsters, spirits of women who have one of the 9 Muses – comedy
son of Tonacatechtli and died in childbirth Thalia3 Greek
Tonacacihuatl, some say a form of tasé [Aethalian.Thale(i)a]
brother of Camaxtli, Huitzilopochtl These beings take the form of giants a nymph, one of the Nereids
and Quetzalcoatl, some say with very long, slimy tongues. mother of the Palici by Zeus
consort of Tlazolteotl (see also thaye) Seduced by Zeus, she feared the wrath
He was the father of 400 sons and the thag (see thug) of Hera and prayed to be swallowed
stars of the Milky Way, and was the Thagrinus up by the earth. This prayer was
opponent of Quetzalcoatl. His left a demon of confusion granted and her two sons were born
foot was replaced by a mirror when Thagya Burmese below ground.
it was bitten off by the monster, spirits of the air: nats Thalia4 (see Pimplea)
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 Thallo Thein

Thallo Greek was later the cause of the fight between These beings take the form of giants
a goddess of flowers and spring Tristram and Morholt. with very long, slimy tongues.
one of the Horae, in some accounts Thaon Greek (see also thabet)
Thalna Roman a giant Thea Greek
an Etruscan goddess of childbirth He was killed by the Parcae in the war [‘divine’.Euryphaessa.Theia]
thalysia Greek between the gods and the giants. a Titaness
gifts to the gods, the first fruits Tharapita (see Taara) daughter of Uranus and Gaea
or the first loaf baked Thardid Jimbo Australian sister and wife of Hyperion
Tham (see Atum.Tiamat) a giant mother of Eos, Helios and
Thammuz (see Tammuz) This giant was also a cannibal, hunting Selene by Hyperion
Thamuatz African and killing tribesmen for their flesh. mother of Acmon and Passalus
a calf-god of the Kabyle When he killed a young, newly-married (the Cercopes) by Oceanus
This primaeval buffalo and her mate man, the two wives of the dead man Theaeno (see Theano)
Itherther emerged from a place under lured the giant into a cave and built a Theandrios (see Theandros)
the earth called Tlam. Their son, huge fire at the entrance so that he was Theandros Greek
Achimi, drove off his father and mated burnt to death when he tried to escape. [Theandrios]
with his mother and his sister. Thargelia Greek a god of northern Arabia
Thamuris (see Thamyris) a feast at Athens in honour Theano1 Greek
Thamus Greek of Apollo, May/June [Theaeno]
a sailor who was told by a mysterious At this festival, the pharmakoi (ashes daughter of Cisseus
voice to announce the death of Pan originally of two sacrificial victims, sister of Hecuna
Thamuz European later dummies) were cast into the sea wife of Antenor
a demon to purify the city. mother of Acamas, Agenor
In Spain, this being was said to Tharmas and Archelochus
have instituted the Inquisition and is a demon of the senses Theano2 Greek
credited with the invention of artillery. one of the 4 zoa, in the works of [Theaeno]
In black magic, he is an ambassador William Blake wife of Metapontus
to Spain. Tharonhiawakon (see Ioskeha) She adopted Aeolus and Boeotus, the
Thamyras (see Thamyris) Tharonmaouagon (see Ioskeha) two sons of Melanippe by Poseidon,
Thamyris Greek Thasus Greek who had been abandoned. She later
[Thamuris.Thamyras] son of Agenor and Telephassa had two sons of her own and encour-
a bard Thatmanitu Mesopotamian aged them to kill the foundlings but
son of Philammon and Argiope a Semitic goddess of healing Poseidon intervened and killed her
He challenged the Muses in a poetry Thau Celtic real sons, whereupon she killed herself.
contest and, when he lost, was blinded a supreme deity Thebais Roman
for his arrogance. Thauk (see Thok) a poem by Statius dealing with the
He was one of those who fell in love Thaukt (see Thok) story of Oedipus
with Hyacinthus. Thaueret (see Tauret) Theban Bacchus Greek
Thanai Burmese Thaumas Greek a name for Dionysus by which
[Thanoi] [Thaum(a)us] he is distinguished from Iacchus,
in the lore of the Karen the first man, a sea-god the Phrygian Bacchus
made by Ea-pe son of Pontus and Gaea or of Theban Legend, The Greek
consort of E-U Nereus and Doris the story of Oedipus and Jocasta
Thanatos Greek Some say he was the father of the Thebe Greek
[‘death’:=Roman Mors.Orcus] Harpies and Iris by Electra. daughter of Asopus and Metope or
god of night thaumaturge of Zeus and Iodama
death personified [thaumaturgus] wife of Zethus
Pluto as King of the Dead a miracle-worker (see also Aedon1.Iodama)
son of Erebus and Nyx thaumaturgus (see thaumaturge) Theelgeth (see Teelget)
brother of Hypnus Thaumaus (see Thaumas) Theia (see Thea)
He collected those whose time on Thaumel Hebrew Theias Greek
earth had expired, cut a lock of hair in the Cabbala, two-headed fallen a king of Syria
from their beards and took them angels father of Adonis by Myrrha
to Hades. Thaumus (see Thaumas) In some stories, he, not Cinyras, was
Thanoi (see Thanai) Thaur Arab seduced by his own daughter, to beget
Thanor British the Zodiacal sign Taurus Adonis. Other stories say that the
a king of Cornwall Thaut (see Thoth) father was Belus.
He enlisted the help of the Irish king thaye Burmese Thein Burmese
in his struggle with King Pelias and, monsters, spirits of men who have rain-nats
as a result, was required to pay an died violently It is said that rain is caused by battles
annual tribute to Ireland. This tribute a form of tasé between these nats.
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 Theiodamus theomancy

Theiodamus (see Theodamus) say that she married Athamas, when Theodamus Greek
Theispas Mesopotamian Ino went mad and left him, bearing [Th(e)iodamas]
a weather-god of the pre-Armenian several children, including Erythrius, king of Euboea
Urartians Leucon, Ptous and Schoenus. When father of Hylas by Menodice
Theixinoe Greek Ino returned from her wanderings, When Heracles killed and ate one of
one of the Muses in those cases Athamas sent Themisto away but, after his oxen, Theodamus attacked him but
where there are said to be the death of Ino, when Athamas was killed. Heracles spared his son,
4 of them founded a new kingdom, they were re- Hylas, and took him as his armour-
Thekkr1 Norse united. bearer.
one of the dwarfs In another version, she plotted to Theodora European
Thekkr2 (see Odin) kill the children of Ino but her own sister of Constantine, emperor
Thel British children were killed instead. Stricken of Greece
daughter of Mne Seraphim by remorse, she committed suicide. Rogero killed her son at the siege of
She is the heroine of The Book of Thel Then Lo Thai Belgrade and, when Rogero was cap-
by William Blake and was allowed to grandfather of the king of tured, the emperor handed him over to
learn the secrets of hell. the Thens his sister for punishment. Before she
Thelemites European He entertained the Three Great Men could exact her revenge, Leo, her
a fictitious order of monks (Rabelais) when they went to the sky, kingdom of nephew, released the prisoner.
Thelxiepeia Greek the Thens. Theodore1 European
one of the Sirens Then Teng Thai a knight of St John
Themis Greek one of the sky-lords When several knights failed to return
[‘justice’.‘order’] After the flood waters had receded, he after going in search of the Dragon of
goddess of divine justice came to earth to teach the new race Rhodes, the Grand Master of the
a Titaness the arts of agriculture. Order ordered that no others should
daughter of Uranus and Gaea Thens Thai make the attempt.
wife of Iapetus lords of the sky Theodore ignored the injunction.
mother of Astraea, Prometheus and These beings sent a flood when the He built a model of the dragon and
Schoenius by Iapetus people refused tribute to the gods. practised his skills on it, trained his
mother of the Horae and the The Three Great Men went to see the horse and dogs to help, and succeeded
Moirae by Zeus king of the Thens who sent them to in killing the fearsome beast.
She was the second owner of the his grandfather, Then Lo. When the He was forgiven for disobeying an
Delphic Oracle and told Deucalion waters receded, the three rulers went order and later became Grand Master.
and Pyrrha how to repopulate the back to earth and repopulated it with Theodore2 Serbian
world after the flood. people from gourds. Some of the Then a hero
She weighed the souls of the dead lords came to earth and taught the Urged by his mother to find a wife,
in the underworld and, in some people various skills before returning he searched for a long time until he
accounts, is equated with Gaea. to the sky. saw the maiden, Iconia. Knowing that
She is depicted as blind (-folded), Theobule Greek she was betrothed to Sredoi, he seized
holding the sword and scales of justice. mother of Myrtilus by Hermes, her and made her his wife.
In some accounts she is the same in some accounts (see also Cleobule) Theodoric German
as Ananke. Theoclymenus1 Greek [Thjodrorir]
Themison Greek a king of Egypt the name taken by Dietrich von Bern
a Libyan merchant son of Proteus and Psamathe when he was crowned Emperor of
He was paid by King Etearchus to brother of Theonoe the West (see Thidrek)
throw the king’s daughter, Phronime, He was incarnate as a pharaoh at the Theodoricus European
into the sea. He did so but pulled her time of the Trojan War and tried to a knight of Charlemagne
back to the ship with the rope he had force Helen (in the version where the He was the last knight to be killed at
attached to her and she later became real Helen was secreted in Egypt) into the Battle of Roncesvalles.
the concubine of Polymnestris. marriage. His sister, Theonoe, helped theogamy (see hieros gamos)
Themiste Greek Helen to escape with Menelaus who Theogony Greek
daughter of Ilus and Eurydice had come to fetch her after the end of [Birth of the Gods]
sister of Laomedon the war. Hesiod’s genealogy of the Greek deities
mother of Anchises by Capys Theoclymenus2 Greek Theoi patrooi Greek
Themisto Greek a prophet [=Roman Di patrii]
daughter of Hypseus He warned the suitors who were ancestral gods: traditional gods
sister of Astgia and Cyrene, harassing Penelope that they would theomachist
in some accounts soon be killed but they ignored him one at war with the gods
the third wife of Athamas and paid the penalty when Odysseus theomachy
In some accounts, she was the first came home from his wanderings. war of the gods
wife of Athamas and mother of Theodaisia (see Theoxenia) theomancy
Helle, Leucon and Phrixus. Others Theiodamus (see Theodamus) divination by oracles: divine inspiration
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 theomorphic Theseus1

theomorphic His hounds, including Theras, tore Thesan Roman

having the form of a god him to pieces. an Etruscan goddess of the dawn
theomorphism Thereus British and childbirth
the state or condition of having a Roman emperor Thescelus Greek
the form of a god In some accounts, he invaded Britain a supporter of Agenor
Theonoe Greek during the reign of King Arthur and He was one of those who interrupted
daughter of Proteus and Psamathe was defeated. the wedding of Perseus and Andromeda
sister of Theoclymenus Theridamas Greek and was turned to stone by a sight of
In one version of Helen’s story, the real one of the dogs of Actaeon the Medusa mask.
Helen was secreted in Egypt during When Artemis discovered Actaeon, Theseia Greek
the Trojan War. When Menelaus came the hunter, spying on her as she a festival in honour of Theseus
to collect her after the war, he found bathed, she turned him into a stag. Theseus1 Greek
her in hiding to escape a forced His hounds, including Theridamas, [Attic Hercules]
marriage to Theoclymenus. Theonoe tore him to pieces. king of Athens
helped them to escape. theriomorphism son of Poseidon by Aethra
Theophane Greek belief in gods in the form of animals husband of Antiope and Phaedra
daughter of Bisaltes Thermius Greek father of Demophoon or Hippolytus
When she caught the eye of Poseidon, son of Andraemon and Haemon by Antiope
he changed her into a ewe so that she brother of Oxylus father of Acamas and Demophoon
would not be attractive to other He was accidentally killed by his by Phaedra, some say
suitors. He then mated with her, in the own brother. father of Melanippus by Perigune
form of a ram, producing the golden- Thermouthis (see Hermouthis) Theseus was the son of Poseidon by
fleeced ram that saved Phrixus and Theron Greek Aethra but accepted by Aegeus as
carried him to Colchis. one of the dogs of Actaeon his own son since he had slept with
theos1 Greek When Artemis discovered Actaeon, Aethra on the same night as Poseidon.
[=Roman deus] the hunter, spying on her as she He was tutored by Connidas and, at
god: one of the great gods bathed, she turned him into a stag. sixteen, recovered the sword and
Theos Hypsistos (see Sabazius) His hounds, including Theron, tore sandals hidden by Aegeus behind a
Theow him to pieces. rock and set off to Athens to meet his
a monster in the form of a wolf with Theronice Greek father, performing various labours in
cloven feet twin sister of Theraephone imitation of Heracles en route. He
Theoxenia Greek Thersander1 Greek killed a number of outlaws including
[Theodaisia:=Roman lectisternium] son of Polyneices and Argia the crippled Periphetes with his own
a ceremony held in honour of a husband of Demonassa club which he then kept for himself;
particular deity said to be visiting father of Tisamanus then Sinis, by tying him to two trees
the city and present at the feast When Alcmaeon was reluctant to which tore him apart when released
Thepla Mesopotamian join the Epigoni in their assault on from the bent position – just as he
an evil Armenian demon Thebes, he bribed Eriphyle to per- had killed many a wayfarer – and
thera1 Buddhist suade her son to join them by giving Sciron by hurling him into the sea.
[=Burmese pongyi:=Sanskrit sthavira] her the wedding veil of Harmonia. He He killed Cercyon by smashing him
a senior monk: an arhat survived the battle at Thebes and later to earth and took over his kingdom
Thera2 (see Calliste) joined the expedition to Troy but, of Eleusis and he killed Procrustes in
Theraephone Greek when they landed in Mysia, he was the same way he had killed so many
twin sister of Theronice killed by Telephus. others – by ‘adjusting his length to fit
Therapeutae Hebrew Thersander2 Greek his bed’.
[Healers] son of Sisyphus and Merope He also killed the Crommyonian
Egyptian ascetics who practised brother of Adrastus and Timeas sow which had been terrorising the
magic and divination father of Coronus and Haliartius locals and found time to father
Theras1 Greek Thersimachus Greek Melanippus on Perigune.
son of Autesian son of Heracles and Megara Some say he was one of the
brother of Argia Thersites Greek Argonauts and a member of the party
He acted as guardian to his sister’s twin a Greek soldier at Troy hunting the Calydonian boar.
boys, Eurysthenes and Procles. son of Agrius Aegeus, now king of Athens, had
In some accounts, he led a contingent He mocked Achilles for grieving at the married the sorceress Medea and she
of Spartans and Minyans to settle on death of Penthesilea whom Achilles tried to poison Theseus so that her
Calliste where he became king. had just killed in the battle with the son, Medus, might inherit the throne,
Theras Greek Trojans. Achilles killed him and was but Aegeus recognised his son in time
one of the dogs of Actaeon purified at Lesbos. to prevent the tragedy and Medea fled
When Artemis discovered Actaeon, Therytas Greek the country.
the hunter, spying on her as she a wild man who, with Oreios, After being reunited with his father
bathed, she turned him into a stag. captured Silenus Theseus crushed the revolt by Pallas
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 Theseus2
and his fifty sons and captured and
killed Poseidon’s white bull which had
been brought to Greece from Crete by
Heracles and was now known as the
Marathonian Bull, sacrificing it to the
gods. In this adventure, he was given
hospitality by Hecate.
The Athenians were still paying
the tribute demanded by Minos and
Theseus offered himself as one of
those to be sacrificed to the Minotaur.
When he arrived in Crete, Minos
threw his ring into the sea and
challenged Theseus to prove that he
was a son of Poseidon by retrieving
it from the sea-bed. With the help of
the Nereids, Theseus recovered it
easily. Using a ball of magic thread
given to Minos’ daughter Ariadne by
Daedalus, he entered the Labyrinth,
killed the Minotaur and was able to
escape from the maze. He left Crete
accompanied by Ariadne but soon
abandoned her on Naxos. Or did he?
In some versions, he put her ashore
because she was seasick and returned
to his ship to work on it. A storm
blew him offshore and delayed his
return. When he did get back, Ariadne
was gone and he was told she had
died. Another story has it that he saw
the arrival of the ship of Dionysus,
who rescued Ariadne, and was fright-
ened off.
He went to the country of the
Amazons either as part of Heracles’
expedition or with Peirithous and
came away with their queen, called
Antiope or Hippolyta and fathered
Demophoon or Hippolytus on her. In
the first story, he was given the queen
as his prize, in the second he abducted
her when she came voluntarily aboard
his ship. The Amazons invaded Greece
in an effort to recover their queen but
were defeated.
In some stories he married the
Amazon queen and married Phaedra
after her death but others say that he
married Phaedra and, at that wedding,
Antiope (or Hippolyta) broke in and
would have killed those present had
not Theseus killed her.
Aphrodite caused Phaedra to fall
in love with Hippolytus who rejected
her advances. She then falsely accused
him of rape and hanged herself,
whereupon Theseus invoked the help
of his father Poseidon to kill his son to
avenge her death.
When the survivors of the defeat of
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the Seven Against Thebes encounter
sought his help, Theseus led a force
against Creon, defeated him and
recovered the bodies of the dead for
the decent burial that Creon had
refused.
With the help of Peirithous he
abducted Helen and won when they
drew lots for her. In compensation,
he went with his friend to Tartarus
and demanded Persephone as a bride
for Peirithous.
Trapped by Hades in the Chair of
Forgetfulness, he spent four years in
torment before being rescued by
Heracles. He found, on his return to
Athens, that Menestheus had been
installed in his place by Castor and
Pollux who had invaded and rescued
their sister Helen and that there was
much disorder. He left for Crete but
landed on the island of Scyros where
he was killed by Lycomedes, the king
of that island, who pushed Theseus
over a cliff and pretended that it had
been an accident.
Later stories say that Theseus
returned from the dead to help the
Athenians at the Battle of Marathon.
Theseus2 Greek
a duke of Thebes in Chaucer’s
Knight’s Tale
husband of Ypolita
father of Emily
He offered his daughter’s hand to the
winner of a contest which was won by
Arcites who was killed en route to
claim his bride. She married his cousin,
Palamon, instead.
In some accounts, Emily is Ypolita’s
sister.
Thesmophoria Greek
a corn festival for married
women, in honour of Demeter,
held at Athens in October or
November
Thesmophoriazusae Greek
a play by Aristophanes about
the women’s festival
honouring Demeter
Thesmophorus (see Demeter)
Thespian lion (see Cithaeronian lion)
Thespius Greek
a king, host to Heracles
during the hunt for the
Cithaeronian Lion
He had fifty daughters and Heracles
slept with each one of them in turn
during the fifty days that it took to
find and kill the lion, fathering fifty-
one sons.
1007
Thetis
Thesprotus Greek
a king of Sparta
It was at his court that Pelopia served
when she was raped by her own father,
Thyestes.
Thessalus1 Greek
a king of Iolcus
son of Jason and Medea, some say
He was said to be the only one of
Medea’s children to survive when she
killed the others at Corinth.
Thessalus2 Greek
son of Haemon
Thestiades Greek
Plexippus and Toxeus,
the sons of Thestius
Thestios (see Thestius)
Thestius Greek
[Thestios]
king of Calydon
son of Agenor and Epicaste
son of Ares and Andronice or
Demonice, some say
brother of Demonice, some say
husband of Eurythemis
father of Althaea, Euippus, Eurypylus,
Hypermnestra, Iphiclus, Leda
Plexippus and Toxeus
Theston Greek
father of Calchas
Thet Egyptian
a talisman: the girdle of Isis
Thether Norse
the name of Diether in Thidrekssaga
Thetis Greek
a sea-nymph, one of the Nereids
granddaughter of Tethys
daughter of Nereus and Doris
wife of Peleus
mother of Achilles
She reared the infant Apollo and
(with Euronyme) rescued Hephaestus
from the sea when he was dropped
from Mount Olympus by Hera.
She married the mortal, King
Peleus, and bore him a son, the hero
Achilles. She had been wooed by both
Poseidon and Zeus and many of the
gods attended her wedding, including
the uninvited Eris who threw the
‘apple of discord’ into the midst of the
gathering setting in motion the events
that led to the Trojan War.
She had killed six sons by testing
their immortality in the fire and, when
she tried the same test on Achilles,
Peleus rescued him and handed him
over to Chiron to be reared. She later
tried to make her son invulnerable by
dipping him into the river Styx but
the ankle she held him with did not
 Thetleif Third Sun

enter the water and remained a weak son of Kari by cutting her in half with his sword.
spot which eventually brought about brother of Beli and Thrym After the death of Herrad, he
his death. father of Skadi married Isollde, widow of Hertnit.
After a disagreement with Peleus, He coveted Iduna and her apples of (see also Dietrich von Bern)
she left him and returned to her home eternal youth. In the form of an eagle, Thidrekssaga Norse
in the sea but they were later recon- he carried off Loki and kept him a version of the Nibelungenlied
ciled and he joined her in her undersea dangling from a staff with which he with added material
realm. had struck the bird until he promised Thiedric European
In some accounts she is equated to get for Thiassi the two things he [Thierry]
with Tethys. wanted most. a squire of Roland
Thetleif Norse Loki tricked Iduna into going When Gano was tried for treachery,
the name of Dietlieb in Thidrekssaga outside the borders of Asgard with a Thiedric met Pinabel in single combat
theurgia (see theurgy) bowl of apples and she was to determine Gano’s fate. Thiedric won
theurgist immediately abducted by Thiassi. She and Gano was condemned to death.
a miracle-worker refused to let him eat any of the apples Thierry1 European
theurgy and, when the gods found out what had a king of Maurienne
[theurgia] happened, they ordered Loki to get father of Blanchefleur
divine intervention: miracle-working Iduna back. He borrowed Freya’s Thierry2 (see Thiedric)
Theutus falcon-garb and flew to Thrymheim Thiga wa wairumbi African
a demon of gambling where Iduna was held, changed her a Kikuyu prophet who relayed
Thewi Suthat Thai into a nut – or, some say, a swallow – messages from En-kai to the
[Thewi Suthata] and carried her back to Asgard hotly Kikuyu people
a mythical princess pursued by Thiassi. The gods saw Thin Man (see Cailte)
lover of Sison them coming and lit a fire which Thinggishatsangma Tibetan
They had been lovers in several previous burned Thiassi’s feathers and he one of the Five Long Life Sisters
existences but never married until they crashed to the ground and was killed by Thingyan Pwe Burmese
met again as king and princess. the angry gods. His eyes were placed [Thagyan.Water Feast]
Thewi Suthata (see Thewi Suthat) in the heavens as a constellation. the New Year festival
thi Thai In some accounts he is regarded as During this festival much water is
[=Burmese nat:=Pakistani neq] an aspect of Volund. thrown by and at the participants and
a spirit of the dead thiasus Greek the chief nat, Thagya Min, appears
Thia (see Thea) [thiasos] on earth. The fortunes of the coming
Thialfi Norse a Bacchic revel: a band of worshippers year are determined by whatever he
[Thjalfi] Thiazi (see Thiassi) decides to bring with him, be it a
a servant of Thor Thidrandi Norse sword, fire or water.
a champion runner a man killed by witches Thinit (see Tanit)
son of Egil The story relates that he was attacked Thinland Pacific Islands
brother of Roskva by nine hags dressed all in black and, the highest part of the coconut which
He was the son of a peasant who had although he was armed with a sword is the universe, home of Atea
been given by her father to serve and defended himself, they killed him. Thiodamus (see Theodamus)
Thor after she disobeyed the god’s Thidrek Norse Thipelas Pacific Islands
instructions to return the bones of the the Norse version of Theodoric in the lore of the Carolines, a woman
goats they had all fed on so that Thor (Dietrich von Bern) who married the god Luigelan
could restore the goats to life. husband of Herrad and Isollde mother of Olofat
He and his sister Roskva accomp- In this version, Thidrek is king of Third Lady (see Keng San Ku-niang)
anied Thor and Loki on their trip to Amlungaland although his seat is still Third Lady of the Privy
Jotunheim where Thialfi lost in a race in Bern where he was reared by (see Keng San Ku-niang)
with Hugi. Hildebrand. Third Person (see Thridi)
When Thor met Hrungnir in a He won the helmet Hildigrimur Third Sun Central American
duel, Thialfi acted as the god’s squire from the giants Hilldur and Grimur, [Four Rain.Sun of Fire.Sun of Rain]
and killed with a spade the huge the sword Naglring from the dwarf the third age in the Aztec
creature, Mokerkialfi, that the giants Alfrik and another sword, Ekkisax, creation cycle
had made to act as squire to Hrungnir. from the giant Ecka. The Second Sun, ruled over by
thiasos (see thiasus) He is said to have killed Sigurd with Quetzalcoatl, ended after 676 years
Thiassa Greek the sword Mimung. when Tlaloc caused a great wind to
wife of Pericles He was driven from his own lands blow away the race of humans that
She was restored to life by Cerimon. by Ermenrik but recovered them a Quetzalcoatl had created. Tlaloc then
Thiassi Norse year later. took over as ruler of the Third Sun
[Byrr.Gustr.Thiazi.Thjasse.Thjazi.Thyazi] During the final slaughter of the which ended after a further 364 years
a Frost-giant Niblungs, it was he, not Hildebrand, when fire destroyed the earth. The
god of storms who killed Krimhild (here Grimhild) next ruler was Chalchiuhtlicue.
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 Thirteen Akbal Thoosa

Another story calls this period the daughter, Hypsipyle, cast him adrift In some accounts, he was the king
Sun of Fire and says that the fire which in a boat which came ashore on the of Sarras and is referred to as Tolleme
destroyed the earth either fell from island of Oenoe where he married a la Feintes. Some say that he was
heaven or was started by the couple nymph of the same name, fathering a converted to Christianity by Joseph
who had escaped destruction at the son, Sicinus. Other accounts say that of Arimathea.
end of the Second Sun. he died with the other husbands on Thom (see Atum)
(see also Quiyauhtonatiuh.sun1) Lemnos. Thomas of Enceldourne
Thirteen Akbal Central American Thoas3 Greek (see Thomas the Rhymer)
the thirteenth day of the 20 days of [Deiphilus.Nebrophonus] Thomas of the Mountain British
the Mayan creation cycle a king of Lemnos father of Tom Thumb
On this day Month formed humans son of Jason and Hypsipyle Thomas the Rhymer British
from clay. (see also Akbal) brother of Euneus [Thomas of Enceldourne.True Thomas]
Thirteen Treasures He became king after his grandfather, (c. 1220-1297)
(see Treasures of Britain) also Thaos, had been cast adrift by a poet and seer
Thirty-three Places Japanese Hypsipyle. He was said to have visited Elfland
shrines to the goddess Kwannon He and his brother Euneus rescued with the queen of that realm and was
Thisbe Greek their mother from Lycurgus. given the gift of prophecy. As a result,
a Babylonian maiden Thoas4 Greek he was able to see the future and
She loved Pyramus but was forbidden a king of Aetolia foretold the Battle of Bannockburn.
to marry him. They planned to run son of Andraemon and Gorge Thompson British
away and arranged to meet by a certain father of Haemon a potter
mulberry bush near the tomb of He led the Aetolians in the Trojan War He was said to have found King Arthur
Ninus. She arrived first but was scared and was one of those concealed inside and his knights asleep under Richmond
by a lion and ran off, dropping her the Wooden Horse. Castle. When he tried to draw the
cloak. When Pyramus arrived he drew Thoas5 Greek sword which was lying on a table, some
the wrong conclusions from the paw- a king of Tauris of the knights started to wake up so he
marks in the sand and the abandoned son of Borysthenes dropped the sword and ran off.
cloak and killed himself in grief. He was the guardian of an image of Thon (see Thone)
Thisbe found him dying and killed Artemis said to have fallen from the Thon Pan Hla (see Hnit-ma-dawgyi)
herself with the same sword. sky and sacrificed all prisoners to this Thonamun Thai
Thitmanet Mesopotamian image. When Orestes and Pylades a king of the snakes
daughter of Keret came to seize this image, he captured When the king, Sura Uthaka, upset
Thitis British them but they were saved by the the snake-king, the latter had his
in some accounts, a sister of intervention of Iphigenia who was subjects dig tunnels under the capital
Morgan le Fay acting as a priestess in the temple. He city so that it subsided. He then coiled
Thixo (see Dxui) pursued the escaping party but was himself round Sura Uthaka and
Thjasse (see Thiassi) killed by Orestes. drowned him in the river.
Thjazi (see Thiassi) Thobadestchin (see Tobadzistsini) Thonapa (see Thunupa)
Thjodrorir (see Theodoric) Thobadzistshini (see Tobadzistsini) Thone Greek
Thjoldolf Norse Thoeris (see Tauret) [Thon(is).Thonus]
author of the Ynglingatal Thok Norse a provincial governor in Egypt
thlawe North American [Thauk(t).Thokk] husband of Polydamnia
in the lore of the Zuni, a plant a giantess In the stories that say that Helen was
growing in the underworld She was the only living thing refusing taken to Egypt, not Troy, she was said
T’hlu-kluts (see Kalaitch) to weep at the death of Balder so Hela to have been held in the province
Thoas1 Greek refused to release him. It is suggested governed by Thone.
[Thöon] that she was Loki in one of his many Thonenli` North American
one of the Earthborn Giants disguises. a Navaho rain-spirit
son of Uranaus and Gaea Thok-chho Buddhist one of the Yei
Thoas was killed by the Fates during the [Thahog-chos-rgyal-po] Thoon (see Thoas1)
battle between the giants and the gods. one of the 5 Mahapancharajas Thong Tilo African
Thoas2 Greek king of accomplishments a detiy, the king above
king of Lemnos (see also Tsun-gyi-rgyal-po) Thonis (see Thone)
son of Dionysus and Ariadne Thokk (see Thok) Thonus (see Thone)
husband of Myrina Tholomer British Thoos (see Thous)
father of Hypsipyle [Tolleme la Feintes] Thoosa Greek
father of Sicinus by Oenoe, some say a king of Babylon a nymph
The only man to survive when the He was originally a friend of Evelake one of the Nereids
women of Lemnos killed all the other but later waged war against him. daughter of Phorcos and Ceto,
men for putting their wives aside in Evelake defeated him with the help of some say
favour of Thracian concubines. His Joseph of Arimathea. mother of Polyphemus by Poseidon
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 Thor
Thor Norse
[Ake-Thor.Aku-Thor.Atli.Hercules
Barbatus.Hlorridi.Hurler.Oku-Thor.
Red Beard.Thunderer.Vingthor:
=Anglo-Saxon Thunor:=German
Dietrich.Donar:=LappHoragalles:
=Norman Thur:=Saxon
Thuna(e)r.Thunor=Slav Perenu]
a thunder-god and
fertility-god
son of Odin and Frigga,
Fiorgyn or Erda
brother of Balder, Hoder and
Hermod
husband of Iarnsaxa and Sif
father of Lorride, Magni, Modi
and Thrud
Some accounts make Thor the father
of Odin by Bestla.
As an infant he was so strong and
unpredictable that his mother could
not control him and he was tutored by
Hlora and Vingnir.
At maturity he was given the realm
of Thrudheim where he built a huge
palace, Bilskirnir. It was said that,
when he was angry, sparks came off
his red hair and beard and he
generated so much body heat that he
was not allowed to use the Bifrost
Bridge, wading through the river
instead. His chariot was drawn by two
goats, Tanngrisnr and Tanngniostr and
when he was riding in the chariot he
was known as Aku-Thor. He was given
a magic belt, Megingiord, that
doubled his strength when he wore it
and a magical hammer, Miolnir, which
returned to his hand when thrown.
The hammer, which was a thunderbolt
when he hurled it and which produced
lightning when struck against a rock,
was so hot that he wore a special grip
called Iarn-greiper.
His first wife, the giantess Iarnsaxa,
bore two sons, Magni and Modi; his
second, Sif, who had previously borne
a son, Uller, gave him two daughters,
Lorride and Thrud. When Loki stole
Sif’s long golden hair, Thor nearly
strangled him, forcing him to return
the tresses.
On another occasion he journeyed
with Loki to Jotunheim with a view to
forcing the giants to refrain from
sending the icy winds which ruined the
flowers. On the way, they collected
two young helpers, Thialfi and and his
sister Roskva. They slept one night in
what they thought was a house but
which, by daylight, turned out to be
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Thordis2
merely the glove of the giant Skrymir In the final battle, Thor killed the
who then led them to the palace of Midgard serpent but died in the flood
Utgard-Loki, king of the giants. To of venom that poured from its jaws.
test the powers of the gods, the king Some say that he also killed Garm.
arranged various contests. Loki tried (see also Hafra-drottin.
to out-eat Logi, the king’s cook; Thor Reidartyr.Valdi Kjola)
tried to drink the contents of the Thora1 Norse
giant’s horn; Thialfi ran a race against daughter of King Hakon
Hugi; all to no avail. When Thor tried wife of Elf
to lift the paw of the giant’s cat he She married Elf after the death of
failed even to move it and he was his first wife, Hiordis.
beaten in a wrestling match by Elli, the Thora2 Norse
old nurse pf Utgard-Loki. When they daughter of Jarl Herrand
left Jotunheim, Skrymir admitted that second wife of Ragnar Lodbrok
he had won all these events by the use mother of Agnar and Erik
of magic. Her father gave her an egg from which
He once fought a duel with the hatched a dragon which coiled itself
giant Hrungnir who boasted that he around her house, allowing access only
would take over Asgard and, with it, to her servant. Ragnar Lodbrok killed
Thor’s wife, Sif. Thor killed the giant the dragon and claimed her hand in
with his hammer but was himself marriage.
wounded with a fragment from the Thora3 (see Kaang)
giant’s shattered flint club. As he fell Thorah (see Torah)
to the ground, the dead giant’s leg Thoralf Skolinson Norse
fell across his body so that he was owner of the sword Quern-biter
unable to move until his young son, Thorarin Norse
Magni, easily lifted the leg and freed father of Thorstein
his father. Thor gave Magni the Thorbjorg Norse
giant’s horse, Gullfaxi, as a reward. wife of Holmkell
Groa, a sorceress, tried to remove the mother of Ketelrid
flint fragment from his forehead but, Thord1 Norse
forgetting where she had got to in son of Kari
her recitation of runes, failed to extract This young boy was one of the
it. Njalssons trapped in the house of
His hammer was once stolen by the his grandfather, Njal, when it was
giant Thrym who would return it only attacked by forces led by Flosi who
if he were given Freya as a wife. Freya burnt the house to the ground. He
refused to leave her husband so Thor, refused to leave his grandparents who
dressed in her bridal clothes and with put him between them as they lay
Loki similarly attired as a bridemaid, quietly on their bed waiting to be
presented himself to Thrym in overcome by the smoke and flames.
Jotunheim. When Thrym produced Thord2 Norse
the hammer, Thor seized it and killed head groom of Bjarni
all the giants present. An argument with Thorstein about
When the gods were invited by the result of a horse-fight led to blows
Aegir to a feast in his undersea king- and Thord struck Thorstein with his
dom, Thor and Tyr asked the giant staff, cutting open his head. When
Hymir for a kettle large enough to later Thorstein sought an apology, he
hold drink for all the gods. He and was rebuffed so he killed Thord.
Hymir went fishing for breakfast. Thord Freysgodi Norse
Hymir caught two whales, just [Thord Freysgothi]
enough for their meal, and Thor a priest of Frey
fished for the Midgard serpent by Thord Freysgothi
baiting his hook with the head of (see Thord Freysgodi)
Hymir’s ox, Himinbrioter. He caught Thordis1 Norse
it and hauled it to the surface and a man who sacrificed a bull to the
would have killed it if Hymir, in fear, Light Elves to heal his wounds
had not cut the line. When the two Thordis2 Norse
gods left with the huge kettle, the sister of Jokul
giants attacked them but Thor killed wife of Thorstein
all of them with his hammer. mother of Ingimund
1010
 Thorer Thorstein1

Thorer Norse He and Thorvald were sent by Bjarni of them were killed when they touched
one of the 9 sons of Viking to kill Thorstein who had killed things or ate food in the underworld
by his second wife Bjarni’s head-groom, Thord. They and few returned. Thorkel himself was
When the nine sons of Viking were were both killed by their intended so badly scarred as to be scarcely
attacked by the eight sons of Niorfe to victim who sent them back to Bjarni recognizable.
avenge the death of their brother, tied on to a horse. (see also Thorkell) Thorkell (see Thorkel)
Thorer and Thorsten were the only Thorhalla Norse Thorkil (see Thorkel)
two survivors. daughter of Asgrim Thorleif Norse
Thorgerd1 Finnish wife of Helgi [Thorleifr]
a storm-goddess She was trapped when Flosi’s men a rich merchant
Thorgerd2 Norse surrounded the house of the Njalssons Helgi and Geitir killed Thorleif’s
[Bride of Helgi.Thorgerda Holgarbrud. but, along with the other women and partner for his money but were
Thorgerther Holgarbruther] children, she was given safe passage frustrated when Thorleif sent the dead
a fertility goddess before the house was burnt to the man’s possessions to his heirs. Helgi
Thorgerd3 Norse ground. then employed a man called Ketill to
daughter of Njal and Thorhallr (see Thorhall) kill Thorleif but the two became
Bergthora Thorhild Norse friends, once again frustrating Helgi’s
sister of Grim, Helga, Helgi a woman of Njal’s plans.
and Skarp-Hedin household Thorleifr (see Thorleif)
She was trapped when Flosi’s men sur- She was trapped when Flosi’s men Thorn of Glastonbury
rounded the house but, with the other surrounded the house but, with the (see Glastonbury Thorn)
women and children, was given safe other women and children, was given Thorn of Sleep Norse
passage before the house was burnt safe passage before the house was Odin’s magic thorn which
to the ground. burnt to the ground. could induce sleep without
Thorgerda Holgarbrud Thorin Norse aging or loss of beauty
(see Thorgerd2) one of the dwarfs Thorny Flowers Central American
Thorgerther Holgarbruther Thorir Norse an Aztec giant
(see Thorgerd2) an earl At the beginning of the Fifth Sun, he
Thorgestr (see Tuirgeis) father of Olof and three other giants, Falling Eagle,
Thorgils (see Tuirgeis) Thorkel1 Norse Serpent of the Obsidian Knives and
Thorgrim1 Norse [Thorkell.Thorkil] Resurrection, were given the task of
[Thorgrimr] a man in dispute with Glum holding up the sky.
a witch father of Sigmund Thorod Norse
With her sister Thorod she raised a The argument was about a piece of a witch
storm that nearly wrecked Frithiof’s land which they both claimed. Thorkel With her sister Thorgrim she raised a
ship en route to the Orkneys. sacrificed an ox to Frey to ensure a storm that nearly wrecked Frithiof’s
In other accounts, the two witches favourable outcome but it did little ship en route to the Orkneys.
are Ham and Heid. good – Glum killed Thorkel’s son, In other accounts, the two witches
Thorgrim2 Norse Sigmund, and was forced to give up are Ham and Heid.
[Thorgrimr] the land which, at least according to Thorstein1 Norse
a priest of Frey Glum, he had illegally acquired from [Thorsteinn]
He was killed by the outlaw, Gisli, who Glum’s estate. son of Thorarin
was his brother-in-law. Thorkel2 Norse father of Skegg-Brodi
Thorgrim3 Norse [Thorkell.Thorkil] In an argument about the result of a
[Thorgrimr] son of Geitir horse-fight, Thord struck Thorstein
husband of Olof In one version of the story of Bjarni, with his staff and cut his head open.
father of Trausti and Viglund Helgi’s father was killed by his When later Thorstein sought an
He was in love with Olof, the daughter brother-in-law, Geitir, and Bjarni apology, he was rebuffed so he killed
of an earl, but her parents wanted killed Geitir to avenge his father’s Thord who was head-groom to the
her to marry a rich man, not the death. Thorkel then tried to exact rich landowner, Bjarni. Bjarni then
illegitimate son of a farmer. Thorgrim vengeance on Bjarni but, after fighting sent two of his retainers, Thorhall and
abducted her from the wedding and wounding each other, they became Thorvald, to kill Thorstein but they
ceremony and they eloped together firm friends. In some versions, too died at the hand of their intended
and married. Thorstein takes the place of Thorkel victim. Finally, goaded by his wife,
Thorgrimr (see Thorgrim) and in others Geitir was not killed by Bjarni himself went forth to exact
Thorhall1 Norse Helgi but became his friend. vengeance. The two men fought each
[Thorhallr] Thorkel3 Norse other to a standstill and ended up
a hero who sailed to Vinland [Thorkell.Thorkil] as friends, with Thorstein undertaking
Thorhall2 Norse a Danish hero to be a loyal servant to Bjarni, who
[Thorhallr] He led a band of warriors to the then took care also of Thorstein’s
a servant of Bjarni underworld in search of treasure. Most father, an old man.
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 Thorstein2 Thrall

Thorstein2 Norse He and Thorhall were sent by Bjarni Thoueris Greek

[Thorsteinn Ketilsson]
husband of Thordis
father of Ingimund
He attacked and wounded a high-
wayman named Jokul but the bandit
overpowered Thorstein and forgave
him for the attack. Thorstein was even
allowed to marry Jokul’s sister, called
Thordis.
Thorstein3 Norse
[Thorsteinn]
son of Ingimund
father of Ingolf
He avenged the death of his father,
who had been killed by a young
relative, and then took over his late
father’s chieftainship and cleared the
country of all the sorcerers and evil
doers.
Thorsten Norse
the eldest of the 9 sons of Viking by
his second wife
husband of Ingeborg
father of Frithiof
When one of the brothers killed one of
the nine sons of Niorfe in a quarrel,
Viking banished him but all nine
decided to go into exile. Viking gave
Thorsten his sword, Angurvadel, and
they went off to an island in Lake
Wener where they were attacked by
Niorfe’s sons and only Thorsten and
Thorer survived. The eldest son of
Niorfe, Jokul, had conquered Sogn,
killed the king, exiled his son Belé and
turned his daughter Ingeborg into a
witch. When Jokul twice called up
storms that shipwrecked Thorsten,
Ingeborg saved Thorsten from the sea.
In gratitude, he found her brother
Belé and restored his throne, returned
Ingeborg to her former self and
married her.
He and Belé, together with a former
foe, Angantyr, mounted many raids at
sea, recovering the ship Ellida stolen
from his father, seizing the magic
armlet from the tomb of Soté the
pirate and conquering the Orkneys
which were given to Angantyr.
Settling down after these adventures,
Thorsten fathered a son, Frithiof, who,
as a child, played with the children of
Belé, especially his daughter, also
known as Ingeborg. When he and
Belé died, they were interred in
barrows in sight of one another.
Thorvald Norse
[Thorwald]
a servant of Bjarni
EABC8972-576D-4878-8C33-C9EBD9D6F5A9
to kill Thorstein who had killed [=Greek Athena]
Bjarni’s head-groom, Thord. They the Greek name for Tauret
were both killed by their intended Thoule (see Thule)
victim who sent them back to Bjarni Thoume Kine Kimte Cacounche
tied on to a horse. North American
Thorvaror Norse a creator-god of the
a physician Natchez Indians
In the story of the feud between Bjarni Thous Greek
and Thorkel, Thorvaror, who was [Thoos]
Bjarni’s doctor, also treated Thorkel one of the dogs of Actaeon
when they were both wounded. When Artemis caught Actaeon, the
Thorwald (see Thorvald) hunter, watching her as she bathed, she
thorybism (see poltergeist) turned him into a stag. His hounds,
Thot (see Thoth) including Thous, tore him to pieces.
Thoth Egyptian Thousand and One Nights
[Aah(-te-huti).Dhouti.Djeheuty.D(j)ehuti. (see Arabian Nights)
Eye of Horus.He Zur.Khons.Lord of Thousand Named Egyptian
Magic.Lord of Sessenu.Lord of Time. an epithet for Isis
Tat.Techu.Thaut.Thot.Thouti.Tongue of Thout (see Thoth)
Ptah.Trismegistus.Zehuti.Zhouti: Thouti (see Thoth)
=Greek Hermes.Tahuti.Tehuti: Thracias Greek
=Phoenician Taaut] [=Roman Circius]
god of art, law, magic, the moon, a wind from the north-west
science, time, writing, wisdom quarter
god of Khnum Thraell (see Thrall)
consort of Ma or Nehmetaway Thraetama (see Thraetona)
father of Neferhor Thraetana (see Thraetona)
He is sometimes regarded as the son Thraetaona (see Thraetona)
of Ra but others say he was the son Thraetona Persian
of Seth born from his father’s head [Faridun.Thraetama.
or from a lotus. Thraeta(o)na.Thraitauna]
Originally he was a creator-god who a hero
brought into being the four pairs of son of Thrita Athwya
deities from the primitive waters. He He was the son of one of the first four
became the scribe and keeper of men to press the divine drink, Haoma,
records, credited with the invention from the fruit of the Gaokenera tree.
of hieroglyphics. He fathered three sons (Eraj, Salm
In the form of a baboon, he acted as and Tur), on Ahaharnaz and Aranvaz,
a judge in the underworld, recording two of the wives of Azhi Dahak.
the weighing of souls in the balance. In a fight with Azhi Dahak he
He helped Isis in the resurrection stabbed him and bound him with
of Osiris after he had been killed by chains to Mount Demavand.
Set. In some accounts, he is the same
He took over when Ra retired and as Keresaspa. (see also Atar1)
was elevated to the heavens, though Thrain Norse
others say that Shu took over as a member of the Sigfusson clan
supreme ruler. One of his duties was to He was killed by Skarp-Hedin who cut
stand in the prow of Ra’s sun-barque, out the dead man’s jawbone. This
Manjet, to ward off enemies. started the feud between the Sigfussons
It was he who gambled with the and the clan of Njal, Skarp-Hedin’s
moon and won five intercalary days father.
which allowed Nut, who had been Thraitauna (see Thraetona)
cursed by Ra so that she could not bear Thrall Norse
children in any normal month, to give [Thraell]
birth to her five children. son of Heimdall and Edda
He is depicted as having the head husband of Thyr
of an ibis or baboon. Heimdall, visitng earth as Riger,
(see also Esden) fathered Thrall on Edda. Thrall mar-
Thouart (see Tauret) ried Thyr, founding the class of thralls
Thoueret (see Tauret) or serfs.

1012
 Thrasymides Thrudur

Thrasymides Greek Three Isles of the Genii Thrita Athwya Persian

son of Nestor (see Fortunate Islands3) [=Hindu Trita Aptya]
brother of Antilochus Three Lavatory Ladies a demi-god
He, his father and his brother, fought (see Keng San Ku-niang) father of Keresaspa
with the Greeks at Troy. Three Mothers (see Duc Ba) and Thraetona
Three Agents (see San-kuan) Three Musketeers Chinese His function was to protect man
Three Ben Central American the 3 deities Chang Fei, Liu Pei from disease and death. He was killed
the third of the 20 days of and Kuan-ti by Azhi Dahak who was killed by
the Mayan creation cycle Three Mystic Apes Japanese Thraetona to avenge his father’s death.
On this day many of the living things [Koshin] Thrivaldi Norse
on earth, in the sea or in the sky were these apes are Mizaru, Kikazaru a nine-headed giant killed by Thor
made. and Iwazaru Thror1 Norse
(see also Ben) They are represented with hands one of the dwarfs
Three Bodies Doctrine Buddhist covering respectively the eyes, the Thror2 (see Odin)
[Tri’kaya] ears and the mouth – see no evil, hear Throv (see Odin)
the doctrine that asserts that a no evil, speak no evil. Thrown Away North American
Buddha has 3 levels of existence Three Poisons Chinese [Spring Boy]
These levels are referred to as nirmana- the 3 animals at the centre in Creek lore, a boy who grew
kaya, sambhoga-kaya and Dharma- of the Wheel of Law from a placenta
kaya. These animals, a bird, a pig and a son of Turkey-Killer
Three Cimi Central American snake, are linked together inside the When his wife was killed by a monster,
the sixteenth of the 20 days of the central boss of the wheel. Turkey-Killer cut open her abdomen
Mayan creation cycle Three Pure Ones (see San Ch’ing) and rescued their unborn son. The
On this day death is said to have come Three Purities, The placenta, which he threw into the
into existence. (see San Ch’ing) bushes, developed into another boy
(see also Cimi) Three Romances (see Mabinogion) and Turkey-Killer reared them
Three Door Gods Chinese Three Sovereigns, The Chinese together. They caused a great deal of
guardians of entrances creator-gods trouble and eventually killed their
These beings were given the status These three gods were Fu-hsi, Shen own father who became a crow. After
of gods for devotion to the emperor, Nung and Yen-ti and, together with that, the boys separated, one going
T’ai Sung, when they guarded his door the Five Emperors, they created the east, the other west.
against the demons of his dreams. universe. In another version, he was the twin
Their names are given as Hu Ching- Three Stars (see Fu Lu Shou) of Lodge Boy who takes the major
t’e, Ch’in Shu-p’o and Wei Cheng. Three Theban Plays Greek role.
They are said to live near a peach 3 plays by Sophocles based (see also Lodge Boy)
tree, three million miles in circum- on the story of Oedipus Thrud1 Norse
ference, in which there is a door (see Oedipus) a giantess
through which the ghosts of the dead Three Vaults (see San Tung) daughter of Thor and Sif
can return. The Door Gods are in Threefold Man sister of Lorride
charge of that door and throw evil the theory that man is composed She was wooed by Alvis, a dwarf, and
ghosts to be eaten by tigers. of 3 parts Thor, testing his intelligence, kept him
Three Eponae (see Demeter.Epona) The physical body was regarded as up all night answering questions.
Three Gods of Happiness comprising a mortal part, a divine part When the sun rose, the dwarf, adapted
(see Fu Lu Shou) (the phren) and an ethereal part (the only to the darkness of his under-
Three Great Beings Chinese thumos). ground kingdom, was turned to stone.
[San Ta Shih] The Romans regarded the soul as Thrud2 (see Odin)
a triad of deities threefold – the manes, the anima and Thrudgelmir Norse
These three are the bodhisattvas the umbra. a six-headed giant
Manjushri (or Wen Shu), Samantabhadra Thriae Greek son of Ymir
(or P’u Hsien) and Avalokitsevara (or [Thriai] father of Bergelmir
Kuan Yin). the nymphs of Mount Parnassus He was the offspring of the first
Three Great Men Thai They were regarded as prophetesses giant, Ymir, produced from the sweat
the rulers of the earth at and nursed the infant Apollo. of his feet.
the time of the flood Thriai (see Thriae) Thrudheim Norse
These three, Khun Kan, Khun Ket Thride (see Thridi) [Thrudvan(gar).Thrudvarg.Thruthheim]
and Pu Lang Seung, went to see the Thridi Norse the realm of Thor, site of his
king of the Thens and returned to [Third Person.Thride] palace Bilskirnir
repopulate the world when the one of 3 mysterious deities visited Thrudr (see Odin.Thrudur)
waters receded. by Gylfi, probably a manifestation Thrudur Norse
Three Isles of the Blest of Odin [Thrudr]
(see Fortunate Islands3) Thrimskvida (see Hammarsheimt) one of the Valkyries
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 Thrudvang thunderbolt5

Thrudvang (see Thrudheim) Thund Norse Thunder Woman (see Kaminari)

Thrudvangar (see Thrudheim) a river which runs round Thunderbearer Roman
Thrudvarg (see Thrudheim) the grove, Glasir, site a name of Jupiter
Thrung (see Freya) of Valhalla Thunderbird1 North American
Thrurrin Norse Thunder North American [Thunderer]
one of the dwarfs a god of many Indian tribes a name for the gods Hinun, Wakan
Thruthheim (see Thrudheim) The Coeur d’Alene people have a Tanka Wakinyan and Wakonda
Thrym Norse story that tells how Thunder kid- Thunderbird2 North American
[Thrym(i)r] napped the wife of a hunter who then [Skyamsen.Thunderer:=Siberian
a Frost Giant followed the couple to the god’s home. Giant Eagle]
god of ice When Thunder went to sleep, the a spirit of thunder and lightning
king of Jotunheim hunter stole all the god’s shirts. These The description of these beings
son of Kari garments enabled the god to fly and varies from tribe to tribe. Sometimes
brother of Beli and Thiassi without them he was quite helpless. they are human with the head of an
father of Drifta, Frosti, Johul The Hauchnom tribe say that eagle or wearing cloaks made from
and Snoer Thunder challenged the supreme god, eagle feathers; others say that they
He stole Thor’s hammer and said he Taikomol, but lost and was banished are largely without definite form
would return it only if he were given to the northern realms during the but have beaks with large fangs.
Freya as a wife. When Freya refused winter months. It is believed that they can make
to leave Odin, Thor dressed himself Among the Kato, he was regarded as thunder by flapping their wings and
as a bride and, with Loki dressed as a a creator-god, maker of man as well as lightning flashes come from their
bridesmaid in attendance, went to of the earth. eyes.
Jotunheim in the role of Freya. When The Lipan say that Thunder Some tribes regard them as ancestors
Thrym produced the hammer, Thor quarrelled with the wind-god. of the human race who played a part
seized it and killed all the giants In Oregon, Thunder is regarded as in the creation of the world.
present. an old man married to an old woman (see also Thunderbird3)
Thrymheim Norse or, some say, to a tree. Thunderbird3 North American
[Thursar] In the lore of the White Mountain [Skyamsen.Thunderer]
a forest glade, home of giants Apache, the contest for supremacy was a totem figure of the American Indians
to which Iduna was abducted between Thunder and the Sun. This sacred figure was represented as
Thrymir (see Thrym) Thunder Animal (see Raiju) an eagle, capable of lifting a whale,
Thrymr (see Thrym) Thunderbearer Roman whose wings caused the sound of
Thrymskvida (see Hammarsheimt) a name of Jupiter thunder and whose beak produced
Th’uban Muslim Thunder bird (see Raicho) lightning. It is depicted as having a
[=Arab Tinnin] Thunder Boys North American second head on its belly.
a fire-breathing dragon [Little Men] (see also Thunderbird2)
thug Hindu twin male spirits of thunder Thunderbird4 Siberian
[phansigar.thag] and lightning rain-spirits
a devotee of Kali sons of Kanati and Selu In this case, the birds are ducks and it
thuggee Hindu These twins were known as Tame is said that it rains when they sneeze.
the practice of strangling victims, Boy, god of thunder, and Wild Boy, Thunderbird5 South American
used by the thugs god of lightning. They are envisaged a spirit of thunder and
Thule Greek as wearing snakes for necklaces and lightning
[Thoule.Thyle] cause thunder by playing ball in the This being features in the lore of
the most northerly country known to sky. several tribes who believe that the
the ancient Greeks Thunder Child (see Raitaro) Thunderbird causes thunder by
This country could be Iceland, Norway Thunder-darter Roman flapping his wings.
or Shetland. (see also Ultima) a name of Jupiter thunderbolt1 Buddhist
Thulr Norse Thunder-master Roman [=Chinese Diamond Mace.Ju-i:
a river in Niflheim, one of the a name of Jupiter =Japanese Nyoi:=Tibetan Dorje]
12 rivers known as Elivagar Thunder Men North American the embodiment of the power
Thum (see Atum) man-eating monsters in the lore of the law
Thummin (see Urim and Thummin) of the Sioux thunderbolt2 Greek
thumos Greek Thunder Saint Burmese the weapon of Zeus
the ethereal part of Threefold a deity thunderbolt3 Hindu
Man When a princess, whose baby had the weapon of Indra
Thun-gyi-gyal-po (see Chos-skyon) been stolen by a dragon, prayed to this (see also Thunderstone.Vajra)
Thunaer (see Thunor) deity, he killed the dragon with a thunderbolt4 Roman
Thunapa (see Thunupa) lightning-bolt and saved the child. the weapon of Jupiter, known as
Thunar (see Thunor) Thunder-smiter Roman fulgur
Thunaraz (see Thunor) a name of Jupiter thunderbolt5 (see Sudika-Mbambi)
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 Thunderer1 Ti2

Thunderer1 moon and stars out of Lake Titicaca Thyestes’ son, Aegisthus.
a name for a thunder-god such as and worked other such miracles before The boy, when he was seven years
Baal, Odin, Taran, Thor or Zeus disappearing into the sea. old, was told by Atreus to kill
Thunderer2 North American Another version says that he carried Thyestes whom he had imprisoned
a Chinook fisherman a cross, preached peace and banned but, recognising the sword the lad was
A giant killed four of five brothers and the worship of idols. He was killed by carrying, Thyestes knew him for his
was pursuing the fifth when they came Makuri and his body was cast adrift in own son and so avoided being killed.
to a river where Thunderer was a reed boat on Lake Titicaca whence it When Thyestes confessed to Pelopia
fishing. He threw the youth across the sailed to Africa. that he was the masked rapist, she
river to safety and invited the giant to He is depicted as a tall, bearded man killed herself with his sword. He gave
cross the water over his prostrate body. with blue eyes. the sword back to Aegisthus and
He then tipped the giant, who he Thunupu (see Thunupa) ordered him to kill Atreus. This time
called Okulam, into the river where thupa Buddhist there was no escape and Thyestes took
he drowned. the Pali version of the over the throne of Mycenae once
Thunderer3 (see Elias.Thunderbird) Sanskrit stupa again. He was later driven from the
Thunderers North American Thur French throne by Agamemnon, son of Atreus,
3 emissaries of Hinun the Norman name for the Norse god and fled to Cythera where he died.
Their function was to keep order on Thor Thyia Greek
earth and to destroy evil monsters. Thuremlin (see Daramulun) the first woman devotee of
Thunders North American Thurisind German Dionysus
2 fawns who were put in the sky a king of the Gepidae Thyiades (see Bacchantes)
as Thunders father of Rosamund Thyle (see Thule)
A bear killed a deer and would have Thursar (see Thrymheim) thymell Greek
killed her two young fawns but they Thurses (see Thursir) an altar to Dionysus in the
ran off. When the bear followed them, Thursir Norse orchestra of a theatre
a lizard gave them shelter and killed [Thurses] Thymius Greek
the bear by inducing it to swallow a name for the giants son of Phineus by his second wife,
some red-hot stones. To save the fawns These beings were envisaged as very Idaea
from further trouble with bears he sent hairy and with large ears. Thymoetes1 Greek
them into the skies where they make Thviti Norse son of Laomedon and Strymo
the noise of thunder as they move the boulder sunk into the ground brother of Priam
about wearing the dry, crackly skin of on the island of Lyngvi to father of Thymoetes
the bear which the lizard gave them. which Fenris was forever bound Thymoetes2 Greek
Thunderstone Hindu (see also Giall2) son of Thymoetes
the weapon of Indra: a thunderbolt Thyazi (see Thiassi) grandson of Priam
(see also vajra) Thyene Greek Thyone Greek
Thung Thai one of the Hyades, in some accounts [Semele.‘the raving queen’]
a king Thyestes Greek In some accounts, wife of Dionysus,
When the people complained that a king of Mycenae in others the name of Semele, his
wild animals, which the king’s decree son of Pelops and Hippodamia mother, after he rescued her from
protected, were eating their crops, he brother of Atreus Hades and took her to Olympus.
told them to build fences. When this father of Pelopia (see also Dione1)
failed, he told them to build bamboo father of Aegisthus by Pelopia Thyoneus (see Dionysus)
stars round their fields and these father of Aglaus, Callileon and Thyr Norse
symbols effectively stopped the loss of Orchomenus by one of the Naiads wife of Thrall
their crops. Thyestes was engaged in a feud with She and Thrall are regarded as the
Thunor Saxon his brother Atreus over the throne of founders of the class of thralls or serfs.
[Thuna(e)r.Thun(a)raz:=German Donar: Mycenae and seduced Aerope, his thyrsus Greek
=Norse Thor] brother’s wife, who handed over the the staff of Dionysus with a
a god of thunder stuffed golden-fleeced lamb which tip of pine-cone and twined
Thunraz (see Thunor) was taken as proof of the owner’s right with ivy, used by satyrs
Thunupa South American to the throne. He also tricked Atreus and Maenads
[(Con Ticci) Viracocha.Conapa. into killing his own son, Pleisthenes. Ti1 Chinese
Pachaccan.Ta(a)pac.Tarapaca. When Zeus reversed the motion of a title for an emperor regarded
T(h)onapa.Thunapa. the sun, Thyestes abdicated in favour as a divine being
Thunupu.Vicchaycamaya] of Atreus who banished him from the Ti2 Chinese
an Inca hero with magical powers kingdom. He unwittingly ate some of an earth-goddess
Thunupa was said to have appeared his own children killed by Atreus and consort of T’ien
from the north with five disciples. served up at a meal. To avenge himself Earth (Ti) and sky (T’ien) later joined
He was able to raise mountains and he raped his own daughter, Pelopia, to become the all-powerful creator-
was said to have brought the sun, who then married Atreus but bore god, Shang-ti.
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 Ti Chün
Ti Chün Chinese
[Lord of Heaven]
god of the eastern sky
husband of Heng Hsi and
Hsi Ho
He was the father, by Hsi Ho, of
the ten suns which one day appeared in
the sky all together, instead of one per
day. The heat was so unbearable that
the archer I shot down nine of the
suns, each of which fell to the earth in
the form of a crow with three legs.
He also had ten sons by Heng Hsi
who were moons.
ti hsien Chinese
a Taoist immortal living on
earth: a living saint
Ti Jean Canadian
a hero
He killed a seven-headed monster and
cut out all its tongues so that, when
another man produced the seven heads
and claimed to have killed the beast, Ti
Jean was able to prove him a liar.
Ti Jean Quinto West Indian
a Haitian voodoo spirit envisaged
as a policeman
Ti K’ang Wang Chinese
a lord of the underworld
He was originally a monk and, when
he died, he collected together a group
of like-minded monks in the under-
world. They made such a nuisance of
themselves that the ruler returned Ti
K’ang Wang’s mother to the upper
world as an animal and he was made a
lord of the underworld.
Ti-kuan Chinese
[Agent of Earth]
one of the San-kuan
He had the power to grant absolution
for sinners whose confessions, written
on paper, were then buried in the
earth.
Ti Malice (see Annency)
Ti-miku (see Erem Tauga)
Ti Mu Chinese
[Earth Dumb.Earth Mother.Ti Ya]
a goddess, attendant of the
god of literature Wen
Ch’ang Ti Chun as
a groom
She was said to be dumb and so did not
answer pleas made to Wen Ch’ang.
In some accounts, this deity mated
with Hsüan T’ung-tzu to produce all
the creatures on earth.
Ti-shih Chinese
[Yin-to-lo]
the Chinese version of Indra
(see also Wei-t’o)
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Ticci Viracocha
ti-t’ang Chinese she gave birth. Ea and the other gods
a shrine in which ancestral records chose Marduk to lead them. Tiamat
are kept was slain by Marduk and her body was
Ti-ts’ang Chinese used to build the world. Her second
[Chin Ch’iao-chi.Chin Ti-ts’ang. husband (or son), Kingu, was killed at
Earth-womb King.Ti-ts’ang Wang.Yü- the same time and his blood was used
ming Chiao-shih:=Indian to make mankind.
Kshitigarbha:=Japanese Jizo] In some accounts, she was the sister
a ruler of hell of Shallak whom she married.
Ti-ts’ang was originally a Korean (see also Mummu)
monk, Chin Ch’iao-chi, who founded Tiamuni North American
a Buddhist sect in China and was the first man, in the lore of the
known as Chin Ti-ts’ang by his Acoma tribe
followers. He died at the age of 99 and son of Nao’tsiti
was deified as Ti-ts’ang Wang. His mother was impregnated by the
In one of many lives, some say he rainbow and bore twin sons. She gave
was a girl whose mother was an one, Tiamuni, to her sister Ia’tiku and,
incurably wicked cannibal but Ti- when the boy reached manhood, he
ts’ang prayed so fervently for her when mated with Ia’tiku to produce the
she died that she was saved from forerunners of the tribe.
damnation. tiang maleh rupa East Indian
He is depicted dressed as a priest a formula which, it is said, will turn a
and holding a khalkara. man into a crocodile
Ti-ts’ang Wang (see Ti-ts’ang) Tiathdrom (see Tara3)
Ti Ya (see Ti Mu) Tiawath (see Tiamat)
Ti Yao (see Yao) Tiberinus Roman
Ti-yü Chinese [Father Tiber.Volturnus]
[Earth Prison] a river-god, the Tiber personified
hell: the underworld, ruled by Ti- king of Alba Longa, some say
ts’ang son of Janus and Camise
Tia North American son of Capetus, some say
a god of death of the Haida Indians He was drowned in the river which
Tiacapan (see Ticapan) was named after him.
Tiahuanaco South American Tiberius Roman
a ruined city son of Brutus
Said to be the home of a race of giants brother of Titus
who lived before the sun was made. When their father deposed Tarquinius
They killed the prophet who foretold Superbus and set up the Republic,
the coming of the sun and were Tiberius and his brother plotted to
punished by being turned into stones restore the king. They were betrayed
when the sun finally rose. by a slave, tried and convicted. Their
Another account say they were father pronounced sentence and
killed for worshipping the moon- watched while they were flogged and
goddess, Ka-Ata-Killa. executed.
Tiamat Mesopotamian Tibeert European
[Amor(o)ka.Chaos Mother. the name for Tybert in Dutch versions
Great Mother.Mother Chuber. of Reynard the Fox
Mother Tiamat.Tamtu.Tehom.Tham. Tibert (see Tybert)
Tiawath:=Egyptian Apep.Apophis: Tibetan Book of the Dead
=Hebrew Leviatan.Rahab.Tohu: (see Bardo Thodol)
=Sumerian Labbu:=Syrian Tauthe] Tibir (see Tagtug)
a Babylonian monster in the form of Tiburtine Sibyl Greek
a she-dragon a prophetess
deity of the salt-water Ticapan Central American
the female principle [Tiacapan]
consort of Abzu and Kingu an Aztec deity
mother of Lahmu and Lahamu sister of Teicu, Tlaco and Xocutin
mother of An and Kingu, These beings are regarded as four
some say aspects of Tlazolteotl as a witch.
When Ea killed Abzu, Tiamat attacked Ticci (see Tici)
him with a horde of demons to which Ticci Viracocha (see Tici)
1016
 Tici T’ien-ying

Tici South American T’ien-chu1 Chinese He had the power to grant happiness
[Ticci (Viracocha).Ticcu] [Celestial Pillar] and confessions made to him were
a name of Viracocha as ‘beginning’ one of the Jen Wang, the 9 sons of written down on paper and burned.
(see also Illa) Tou Mu and Tou Fu He is depicted in the robes of a
Ticotzicatzin Central American T’ien-chu2 (see T’ien) mandarin, holding a scroll.
major-domo to Papan T’ien-chung Chinese T’ien-li Chinese
Tide Jewels Japanese [Celestial Minor] [Celestial Principle]
a set of jewels giving control one of the Jen Wang, the 9 sons of the soul of the universe which
of the seas Tou Mu and Tou Fu emerged from the primordial chaos
These jewels were owned by Ryujin, T’ien Fei (see T’ien Hou1) T’ien Li combined with Ch’i to form
Dragon King of the Sea and were T’ien-fu Chinese matter, Chih.
given by his daughter to the prince, [Celestial Support] t’ien-lu Chinese
Fire Fade, when they married. one of the Jen Wang, the 9 sons of a mythical animal somewhat
Some versions say that there Tou Mu and Tou Fu like a deer
were but two jewels, both pearls. One, T’ien Hou1 Chinese T’ien Lung (see Hsüan T’ung-tzu)
Kanji, controlled the ebb-tide, the [Empress of Heaven.Chuan Hou. T’ien Ming Chinese
other, Manji, controlled the flood-tide. Goddess of the Sea. celestial order and fate
In some accounts, Ryujin’s son, Heaven’s Concubine.Holy Mother of T’ien Mu Chinese
Isora, lent them to the Empress Jingo Heaven.Lin Ma-tzu.Ma-Niang.Ma-tsu- a goddess of lightning
for her conquest of Korea and later p’o.Ma-tzu.Matron of the Measure. a name for Tou Mu as Mother of
gave them to her son, Ojin. Queen of Heaven.T’ien Fei.T’ien Heaven, some say
Tide of the Returning Ghosts Shang Sheng-mu: =Japanese Marishiten] wife of Lei Tsu
(see Hotoke-umi) a sea-goddess, guardian of sailors She is said to cause lightning flashes
Tie (see Tauret) daughter of Lin Yüan, Lin Ling-su by using two mirrors.
Tiebaut de Bourges European or Ts’ai by Ch’en or Wang T’ien Pao (see Yü Huang.Yüan Shih)
a Frankish knight She was originally the maiden Lin T’ien-p’eng Chinese
uncle of Esturmi who died when she was only twenty- [Celestial Sail]
He was the leader of the forces fighting eight and was deified. She was reputed one of the Jen Wang, the 9 sons of
the Saracens at the Battle of Archamp. to be able to control the forces of Tou Mu and Tou Fu
Tiécelin European nature and saved her family by abating T’ien Shang Sheng-mu Chinese
[Tyselin] a storm at sea merely by pointing a a name for T’ien Hou as Holy Mother
a raven in Reynard the Fox finger at the sea. of Heaven
He was tricked out of a piece of cheese Models of the goddess are carried T’ien-shih Chinese
by Reynard but escaped when the fox in Chinese ships to protect against a ‘celestial teacher’ of Taoist doctrines
tried to eat him as well. piracy and stormy seas. She is often He is said to have received a revelation
T’ieh-kuai (see Li T’ieh-kuai) depicted flanked by her two attendants on Mount Ho-ming.
T’ieh-kuai Li (see Li T’ieh-kuai) who are known as Thousand Mile T’ien T’an (see T’ien T’ang)
Tieholtsodi North American Eyes and Fair Wind Ears. T’ien T’ang Chinese
a water-god of the Navaho Indians T’ien Hou2 (see Chun T’i) [Temple of Heaven.T’ien T’an]
He lived in the third world inhabited t’ien hsien Chinese the celestial palace
by the Navaho and, when Coyote spirits (hsien) living in heaven T’ien Tsu Chinese
stole his children, he created a flood. T’ien-hsin Chinese a deity of agriculture, a
To escape the rising waters, the tribe [Celestial Heart] deified mortal
and all the animals climbed up a reed one of the Jen Wang, the 9 sons of T’ien Tsun Chinese
into the fourth world. When the Tou Mu and Tou Fu a collective name for Taoist gods
flood rose into this fourth world, T’ien I Yüan Chinese T’ien-wang Chinese
Coyote released the captive children the celestial Ministry of Healing the Chinese name for the Four
and the flood subsided. This ministry was run by Fu-hsi, Diamond Kings
T’ien Chinese Huang Ti and Shen Nung. T’ien-wen Chinese
[‘heaven’.Imperial Ancestor.T’ien-chu: T’ien-jen Chinese a star
=Japanese Ten] [Celestial Official] The cattle-god, Niu-wang, was said to
the supreme god of the Confucians, one of the Jen Wang, the 9 sons of be the spirit of this star.
the heavens personified Tou Mu and Tou Fu t’ien-wu Chinese
consort of Ti T’ien-jui Chinese [wu]
Earth (Ti) and sky (T’ien) later became [Celestial Bird] a monster in the form of a sky-spirit
the all-powerful deity Shang Ti. one of the Jen Wang, the 9 sons of with the body of an eight-footed
(see also Shang Ti) Tou Mu and Tou Fu tiger and 8 human heads
T’ien-ch’in Chinese T’ien Kou (see Heavenly Dog Star) T’ien-ying Chinese
[Celestial Creature] T’ien-kuan Chinese [Celestial Bravery]
one of the Jen Wang, the 9 sons [Agent of Heaven] the eldest of the Yen Wang, the 9 sons
of Tou Mu and Tou Fu one of the San-kuan of Tou Mu and Tou Fu
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 Tiermes Tilla

Tiermes Baltic Tigernmas Irish Tiki1 Pacific Islands

a Lapp thunder-god [Lord of Death.Tigernmus. [Ti’i:=Hawaiian Ki’i]
Tiernmas (see Tigernmas) Ti(gh)ernmas.Tighearnach] the first man or a creator-god
Tiernon (see Teirnyon) a Milesian high-king the procreative power of Tane
Tifenua Pacific Islands son of Follach father of Ti’i-tapu and Tiki-ahua
[Pu-I-Te-Muana] He worshipped the idol Cenn Cruiach In one version he was the first man,
a fertility god and indulged in human sacrifices. He made from clay by Tane or fathered by
son of Pusi was killed when the frenzy of the Tane on Hine-ahu-one, the woman he
Tig Anglo-Saxon worshippers got out of hand. made from sand. Alternatively he was
[Tiu:=German Tiuz.Tiw(a). Tigernmus (see Tigernmas) the son of Rangi and Papa. In this
Tiwaz:=Norse Tyr] Tigernonos Celtic version the first woman was Iowahine.
a war-god a title, meaning ‘great king’, given Another version says that both Tiki
Tigaranos (see Tarvos) to various deities and Hina-ahu-one were made from
Tigaranus (see Tarvos) Tiger’s Claw (see Hu Chao) sand by Tane and they mated to
Tigbanua Pacific Islands Tighearnach (see Tigernmas) produce the human race.
a type of Buso Tighernmas (see Tigernmas) Yet another version says that Tiki
These beings are the most feared of Tigranes Armenian created a child in the sand which, when
the Buso since, not content with a culture hero, a sun-god he returned later, had turned into a
digging up corpses, they are forever brother of Tigranuki lovely woman, Hina. He married her
trying to kill live humans to eat. His sister warned Tigranes that her and they produced children who
tiger husband Azdahah planned to kill him populated the islands. Tiki created new
a large feline with a striped coat so Tigranes took the initiative and islands as the population increased.
found in many eastern countries killed Azdahah. (see Kumu-honua.Tiki-ahua)
and their mythologies Tigranuki Armenian Tiki2 Pacific Islands
(1) In Chinese lore the tiger is sister of Tigranes sister of Veeteni
third of the Twelve Terrestrial wife of Azdahah Tiki-ahua Pacific Islands
Branches. Her husband, god of darkness, the a primaeval god of the Marquesas
The north and winter are winter dragon, planned to kill her son of Tiki
represented by the Black Tiger; the brother so she warned Tigranes who husband of Iowahine
south and fire by the Red Tiger; then killed Azdahah. He is said to have fished up the land
the east and vegetation by the Blue Tigridia British from the bottom of the sea.
Tiger; the centre and the sun by sister of Darerca and St Patrick In some accounts, he was the first
the Yellow Tiger. wife of Grallo man, made by Tane. (see also Tiki1)
It is also depicted as the favoured She was said to be an ancestress of Tiki-kapakapa (see Hine Titama)
transport for various deities. King Arthur. tiki-wananga Pacific Islands
(2) In the East Indies it is said that Tigris Greek ‘god stick’: a charm in the
there is a race of men who can one of the dogs of Actaeon shape of a phallus: a small
appear as tigers. When Artemis caught Actaeon, the statue of a deity
In Sumatran lore, a sinner who hunter, watching her as she bathed, she Tikikapaka (see Hine Titama)
prays for reincarnation may leave turned him into a stag. His hounds, Tikokura Pacific Islands
his grave in the form of a tiger. including Tigris, tore him to pieces. [‘storm-wave’]
(3) In Hindu lore the tiger is the Tihkuyi (see Sand Altar Woman) a Polynesian sea-god
mount of Shiva. Ti’hmar Siberian Tikoloshe African
The Rajputs claim to be des- a supreme god of the Tungus [Tokalosh.Tokoloshe]
cended from tigers. Tihugun North American a Xhosa monster
(4) In Japan the tiger is said to live a good spirit of the Athapascans This ugly, hairy black dwarf lives in
for 1,000 years and its image is He is said to live in the sun and the the river and chokes women who
used as the emblem of warriors. moon. reject his sexual advances. He is said to
(5) In Malaysia these animals are Ti’i (see Tiki1) be capable of becoming invisible from
said to be the incarnation of the Ti’i-tapu Pacific Islands time to time. (see also Tikdoshe)
dead or of the souls of sorcerers. son of Tiki Tikshamanjughosha Buddhist
It is said that a man can buy In some accounts he is regarded as the one of the 4 Manjugoshi
a magic means of transforming father of the human race. an aspect of Manjushri seated
himself into a tiger both in life and Tijaz (see Tiwaz2) on a lion
after death. Tikdoshe African Tiksnosnisa Buddhist
Tiger of the Moon (see Iqi Balam) a half-bodied dwarf god of a god of the north-western direction
Tiger of the Night (see Balam Agab) the Zulus Tilantongo Central American
Tiger with the Sweet Smile Any man who fights with this dwarf the realm of Eight Deer
(see Balam Quitze) is killed if he loses but is given magic Tilla Mesopotamian
Tigeranos (see Tarvos) powers should he manage to win. a Hurrian bull-god, attendant
Tigeranus (see Tarvos) (see also Tikoloshe) on Teshub
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 Tilleulenspiegel Tinirau

Tilleulenspiegel time Timi Hebrew

(see Tyll Eulenspeigel) different cultures have different a spirit of the underworld which
Tilo African modes of reckoning time, some of spread diseases
[Kajati.Lesa.Mkana.Mlengavuwa.Mlengi. which are based on religious or Timias English
Mlezi.Msungi.Mtaski.Nyangoi. mythological concepts a squire of King Arthur (Spenser)
Nyifwa.Wanthazizose] –Aztec Timirau (see Tinirau)
the sky-god of the Tonga Time was reckoned in twenty- Tin (see Tinia)
Tiloka Buddhist day periods known as cempohualli, Tin-le-gyal-po Tibetan
the Pali version of the Sanskrit each divided into four five-day [Prin-las-gyi-rgyal-po.Tin-le-gyi-gyal-po]
Tri-loka periods. Four years were regarded one of the Panchamaharajas
Tilottama Hindu as a year of the sun, and thirteen king of magic or religious services
a beautiful woman created years as a bundle (xiumalpilli). He is depicted with three faces and
by Vishvakarma Four xiumalpilli made up a six arms, riding a lion. (see also Bihar)
The brothers Sunda and Upasunda nexiuhilpilitztli. At the end of each Tin-le-gyi-gyal-po (see Tin-le-gyal-po)
fought over her and each killed the cycle of fifty-two years, the world Tina (see Tinia)
other. was expected to end and there was tindalo Pacific Islands
In some accounts she is referred to great rejoicing when the cycle a ghost in the Solomon Islands: the
as a love-goddess created by Brahma. passed and the prophesied doom spirit of one who has been
Tilphusa (see Telphusa) failed to materialise. posthumously deified: an oracle-deity
Tilphussa (see Telphusa) –Hindu T’ing Chien (see Kao-yao)
Tilpin European The world has gone through Ting Lan Chinese
(c. 753-800) four ages of varying lengths which, a devoted son
an archbishop of Rheims together with dawn and twilight He made a wooden figure of his dead
He may be the same as the Carolingian periods, total 12,000 years. Each of mother which he and his wife
archbishop, Turpin. these divine years equals 360 consulted as if it were his real mother.
Tima-te-kore (see Timatekore) earthly years giving 4,320,000 for a The figure indicated that his wife
Timagoras Greek complete cycle, the mahayuga. Yet should not lend a certain kitchen tool
a metic living in Athens 2,000 mahayugars are but one to a neighbour who, angry at the
He loved the youth Meles who told night and day of Brahma, a period, refusal, struck the effigy. Ting Lan got
him to jump from the Acropolis to known as a kalpa, which equals to hear about this and gave the
prove his love. When he did so, Meles, 8,640,000 earthly years. One neighbour a beating. Charged with
in remorse, killed himself in the hundred kalpas equal a para which assault, he told the magistrate what
same way. is the life of the universe and the had happened and the magistrate came
Timaiti-Ngava Pacific Islands universe is created anew by Brahma to inspect the statue for himself. He
a primaeval female being in the lore at the end of each such period. A found the statue was shedding tears
of the Hervey Islanders fourteenth part of a kalpa is known and acquitted Ting Lan.
This being combined with Timatekore, as a manvantana. (see also yuga) Ting-ling Kuo Chinese
the male principle, to produce Papa. –Mayan a mythical land where the inhabitants
Timandra Greek The solar year, the haab, had 365 have hooves like horses and hair
daughter of Tyndareus days made up of twenty eighteen- growing out of their knees
wife of Echenus day periods plus five intercalary tingoi African
mother of Laodacus days. The cycle of twenty periods good spirits of the Mende appearing as
She left Echenus in favour of Phyleus, was a tun and increments of this beautiful women
king of Dulichium basic unit, multiplied successively Tinguian (see Aponibolinayen)
Timatekore Pacific Islands by twenty, yielded the katun (c. Tingra
[Tima-te-kore] twenty years), the baktun (c. 400 a ruler of one of the 7 supposed
a primaeval male being in the lore years), the pictun (c. 8,000 years), firmaments
of the Hervey Islanders the calabtun (c. 160,000 years), the Tini Rau (see Tinirau)
This being combined with Timaiti- kinchiltun (c. 3,200,000 years) and Tinia Roman
Ngava, the female principle, to the alautun (c. 64,000,000 years). [Tin(a):=Greek Zeus:=Roman Jupiter]
produce Papa. Another period, the tzolkin, had an Etruscan supreme god, god of
Timbehes East Indies twenty thirteen-day periods, the storms and thunder
[Mother of Many] month had twenty days and the day consort of Uni
a mother-goddess in New Guinea had twenty hours. Tinirau Pacific Islands
mother of Bangar, Lean (see also day) [Timirau.Tini Rau]
and Susianlik Timeas (see Timeus) a sea-god
She is said to have produced her Timeus Greek son of Vari-ma-te-takere
children by impregnating herself with [Timeas] husband of Ina
a banana. She taught them the art of son of Polyneices and Argia, father of Koro and Aroture
reproduction and they became the some say father of Tuhuruhuru by Hina-kehu or
ancestors of the tribes. brother of Adrastus and Thersander Hina-uri, some say
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