TJ

Half-day Tutorial
6/6/2017 1:00 PM

Docker Fundamentals Jumpstart

Presented by:

Ali Hussain
Flux7










Brought to you by:

350 Corporate Way, Suite 400, Orange Park, FL 32073
888-- 268-- 8770 ·· 904-- 278-- 0524 - info@techwell.com - https://www.techwell.com/



Ali Hussain
Flux7

Ali Hussain is CTO and co-founder at Flux7, an IT consulting company and Docker
partner dedicated to designing cutting-edge, scalable, and distributed systems for
innovative businesses. Ali began his career in computer architecture and
performance at ARM and Intel, and has brought this perspective to Flux7, leading
the company's research and development efforts. A highly accredited Amazon
Web Services technologist with Docker certification, Ali focuses on integrating
Docker technology into business solutions that improve operations,
development, and business productivity. Ali can be found on Twitter
@Ali_A_Hussain, via LinkedIn, or the Flux7 blog.


Docker Fundamentals Jumpstart
June 6, 2017
Presenter: Ali Hussain
About Flux7
Flux7: Cloud and DevOps Solutions
Founded in 2013
Team of 35+
Headquartered in Austin, Texas
5/1/2017
Achievements
AWS DevOps, Migration, Healthcare, and Life
Sciences Competencies
TechTarget’s “Impact Best AWS Consulting
Partner” two years in a row (2015 & 2016) “[Flux7] taught us
how to do 10x the
Partner Recognition Award by AWS at work in 1/10th the
reInvent 2015 time” - Patrick K, AWS
Customers featured on stage at AWS re:Invent
Re:invent’14, CTO’s
three years in a row Keynote
Docker Foundation and authorized consulting
partner
150+ happy customers through word of mouth
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Outcomes

What is Docker?

Common use Cases

Get Started: Setup a local environment with Docker

Plan

✓Docker Concepts

✓Real-world use cases

✓Docker for Development: Hands on workshop

✓Summary

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Docker Concepts

Releasing Technology

The four pillars:

Server
Infrastructure Code
Configurations

Security Rules

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Accelerating Releases

High developer Fast infrastructure

productivity provisioning

Repeatable configurations Automated policy enforcements

What tends to happen?

Startups: Enterprises:

Code first Checks and balances try to ensure

progress in lock step
Infrastructure is developed right
before launch or post-launch The entire release is slower

→ Down times, sub-optimized → The window of opportunity may be

infrastructure, low productivity missed

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Why?

Infrastructure and security policies are considered non-agile and brittle

What is needed: Treat everything as code

- Automated code pipelines (CI/CD)
- Infrastructure as code
- Configuration management

Why?

Infrastructure and security policies are considered non-agile and brittle

What is needed: Treat everything as code

- Automated code pipelines (CI/CD)
- Infrastructure as code
- Configuration management

Options: Implement the above using an array of tools, or simply consider Docker

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What is Docker?

Builds from the concept of Linux

containers, but a lot more …

Has its own file system (similar to

chroot), IP, and set of ports

Has its own process space

Docker’s attraction

Lightweight Hardware
Portable
Agnostic

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Helps with
Ineffective code pipeline management

Inconsistency across environments

Mismatches in dev and prod environments

Resource provisioning takes ages

Increasing infrastructure bills

Docker in Docker terms...

Build Once, Configure Once & Run Anywhere

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Docker Accelerates …
Developers: Operations: Information Security:
End-to-end ownership of Application agnostic Immutable environments
application and configuration requirements, i.e., just need
to run containers robustly Smaller and more
Control networking and
consistent perimeter
provisioning
Automated analysis at
An easy path to request
build time
infrastructure

Real world use cases

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Common Use Cases

Simplifying Configuration App Isolation

Developer Productivity Code Pipeline Management

Multi-Tenancy Debugging Capabilities

Server Consolidation Rapid Deployment

Rent-A-Center
Business Challenge

Lengthy deployment cycles; non-scalable infrastructure;

numerous manual steps involved in provisioning new servers;
manual process to prepare the OS and server images.
Fortune 500 retail
organization
The company had a young DevOps department with no
technologists, and needed help and guidance in improving their
development and IT processes.

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RAC (Virtual Acceptance Now)

Outcome

A DevOps-based streamlined infrastructure that

included a high degree of automation that met security
and uptime requirements.
The solution that Flux7
RAC’s initial project has served as a proof of concept implemented for us ensures
around which they have extended their infrastructure agility in our IT operations and
development efforts, enabling us
and DevOps culture. to focus on giving our customers a
high-quality experience.
Presentation at AWS Chicago Summit 2016:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JVzrGr4Fkzc

VeriFone Commerce Portal

Business Challenge

New business opportunities and a need for increased agility

helped drive a decision to migrate on-premise infrastructure to
AWS.
Fortune 1000 retail
point of sale
The company needed to ensure development was able to deliver organization
high quality, secure solutions against tight deadlines.

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VeriFone Commerce Portal

Outcome
Docker based automation tamed the project’s complex microservices, provides
highly available, portable environments to improve agility and increase fidelity
of new releases.
Invent & Simplify
Unique build - deploy system uses Docker for CI/CD, enables self-service IT for Award
dev teams.

Security is extended by making sensitive configuration data available based on re:Invent 2015
role, while ensuring development meets security processes and controls. APN Summit

Presentation at AWS Santa Clara summit 2016:

http://www.slideshare.net/AmazonWebServices/compliance-in-the-cloud-
using-security-by-design-64183932

Cars.com (auto.com)
Business Challenge

Need for agile development teams thereby reducing the

time to market and development costs
National &
International
The company also wanted to improve the end user Automotive listing
experience by significantly reducing load times website

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Cars.com (auto.com)

Outcome

Innovation was made easier since cost of being wrong is low

Organizational ownership of operations knowledge which was

very valuable for business continuity.

High fidelity and confidence in Dev and QA leading to faster The service from Flux7
and communication has
iteration of product
been the ‘Best in Class’

Video from DockerCon 2014:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PBBUnNS4dRw

Web Developer Workflows

Most expensive but
least executed

Least expensive but

most executed

Developer Local Test QA Production

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Project: cars.com
Laptop

App Code
and Logs

Project: cars.com
Laptop

Local Docker Engine

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Project: cars.com
Laptop

Local Docker Engine

Docker Containers App Code

and Logs

Web App

DB Redis

Mem Log
$ Stash

Project: cars.com
Laptop

Local Docker Engine

Docker Containers App Code

and Logs

Web App

DB Redis

Mem Log
$ Stash

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Project: cars.com
Laptop

Local Docker Engine

Docker Containers App Code

and Logs

HTTP Web App

DB Redis

Mem Log
SSH
$ Stash

Project: cars.com
Laptop

Local Docker Engine

Docker Containers App Code

Shared
and Logs
folder for
HTTP Web App code and
logs

DB Redis

Mem Log
SSH
$ Stash

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Project: cars.com
Laptop

Local Docker Engine

Docker Containers App Code

Shared
and Logs
folder for run scripts on the
HTTP Web App code and laptop for
logs
interacting with
DB Redis the environment

Mem Log
SSH
$ Stash

Who sees the benefit?

Management
● Less conflict
● Faster time to market
Ops ● Happier engineers
Easier hiring
Only one standardized dev
●

environment to support

Backend Developers
Front-end HTML Devs
● Homogenous environment
● Quick visual feedback with
● Quick feedback populated data
● Agile: break it fearlessly ● Avoid installations

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Other Stories
Fugro OARS
Video from DockerCon 2016: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S7B-pEDoSeE

Pristine
Video from AWS Re:invent 2014:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktKzSuD9InM

Workshop

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Taxonomy: Nouns

Container Image Engine

Actual containers running the
All inclusive images that helps Lightweight container that builds
applications and includes the OS,
launch Docker containers and runs containers
user added files, and metadata

Layer Dockerfile Registry

Each file system that is
stacked when Docker mounts
rootfs
File containing instructions
Application to store and distribute
that help automate image
Docker images
creation

Taxonomy: Verbs

Build Run Stop

The operation of building docker The action to create the first Stop a running container
images from Dockerfiles “writeable” container layer

Attach Delete
Connect to a running container Delete a container

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Taxonomy: Verbs

Commit Push Pull

Create an image from a running Push an image to a repository Pull an image from a
container repository

Taxonomy: Adjectives

Running Stopped Terminated

The container received

The container is started using The container with the
SIGTERM and SIGKILL after a
the specified command associated volume is removed
grace period

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Execution Environment

Containers

Docker engine

Operating System Kernel

The Container

From outside: From inside:

Unique IP on a Docker network Very similar to a VM. Login, run

Its own 65,536 ports shell commands, access files on
Its own root file system the file system, run ifconfig, etc.

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Docker Command Structure

docker command objects <main commands>

docker run busybox ls

docker stop mycontainer
docker start mycontainer

Docker Commands
docker pull Pull a pre-built image from the public repos

Run the container in one of 3 modes:

docker run
Background, Foreground, Interactive

docker ps List running containers

docker top Show running processes in a container

docker exec Run a command inside a container

docker attach Interact with running containers

docker cp Copy files to/from a container

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Docker Commands

docker build Build docker images from Dockerfiles

docker commit Save the container state as an image

docker images Obtain a list of all local images

docker push Push a local image to a repository

docker rmi Remove the local copy of an image

Docker Commands

docker diff List of changes in files and directories

docker logs View the logs of the running job

docker rm Remove a container

docker inspect Low-level information about containers and images

docker kill Kill the main process of the container

docker tag Tags an image with a name

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Dockerfile

Automates Image creation process

Set of instructions to create an image

General DockerFile commands’ syntax:

INSTRUCTION argument

Dockerfile Commands

MAINTAINER <author name> Set an author field for the image

ARG Build time argument

RUN <command> Execute a command in a shell or exec form

COPY <src> <destination> Copy files into containers

CMD["executable","param1
","param2"]
Provides defaults for an executing container

EXPOSE <port>; Port on which container listens to

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Dockerfile Commands

ENTRYPOINT
[‘executable’, Configure a container as an executable
‘param1’,’param2’]

WORKDIR /path/to/workdir Set Working Directory

ENV <key> <value> Set environment variables

USER <uid> Set UID for use when running an image

VOLUME [‘/data’] Enable access to a directory from a working container

LABEL “a”=”b” Apply labels to images

docker-compose.yml

A YAML file describing how a set of containers are to be run

Used to define a multi-tier app, e.g., a Wordpress container and a DB

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Hands On

1. Install Docker

1. Run a simple container

1. Run a complete website locally

Visit

https://www.katacoda.com/flux7/scenarios/l
ab
Code: https://github.com/Flux7Labs/docker-hands-on-lab

Summary

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Next Steps to Try

Develop Dockerfiles for your application

Develop docker-compose.yml files for your entire stack, i.e., app, DB, etc

Deploy the stack locally

Code Pipeline with Docker

Registry

Old service, new code:

1. Test code locally
1

Pass/Fail 2. Merge code to master branch

Dev 3. CI/CD detects new commit via
7
polling
4. Builds artifacts, container, and
4
8
2

pushes to Docker repository

3
5. Runs test on a new QA
SCM CI/CD Tool 6
environment
6. Updates cluster
7. Cluster downloads new container
5

8. Notify Developer of results

code/config

metadata

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Next Layer of Concepts

✓ Multi-host Docker orchestration (tools: Swarm, AWS ECS, Kubernetes, Mesos)

✓ Follow https://github.com/wsargent/docker-cheat-sheet as guideline for other

Docker commands to learn

✓ Third party tools: AWS Tools (BeanStalk, EC2 Container Service) and HashiCorp
tools (Nomad, Consul, and Vault)

Summary
■ Docker is emerging as a key component of future code pipelines

■ Docker accelerates the entire flow: Dev, QA, Ops, and InfoSec

■ Work usually starts at the development teams

■ Several solutions to leverage it in QA and Production

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Thank You We are hiring:

✓ DevOps Solution Architect

Aater Suleman
CEO
✓ Senior Tech Lead
Flux7.com
Austin, Texas ✓ Solutions Architect
www.flux7.com
careers@flux7.com
@flux7Labs @FutureChips

Docker in Production

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Arch Diagram

Nginx, App , Vault,

and Web Tiers
Jenkin
s
Users

NAT
Gate
way Consul

ECR CloudWatch S3 CloudFormation Cloud Trail Config

Details of Clusters
Svc 1 Svc 2 Svc 3

Svc 4 Svc 5 Svc 6

Cluster 1

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Microservices - Components

Context-based
Orchestration Service Discovery Load Balancing
routing

Logging Secret handling

Microservices - Components

Context-based
Orchestration Service Discovery Load Balancing
routing

ECS

ELB

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Code Deploy

Old service, new code:

1. Merge code to master branch
Pass/Fail Staging/Prod Cluster 2. Jenkins detects new commit via
Dev polling
4
3. Builds artifacts, container, and
pushes to Docker repository
3
7
1
5
4. Update ECS with new container
2
5. Docker updates Consul
SCM CI/CD Tool Consul 6. Consul updates Nginx
7. Notify Developer of results
6

New service:
1. Create new repo
2. Add service to Jenkins
3. Create new Docker registry
4. Push code, the above workflow
code/config runs as-is
metadata

Service Discovery
Add demo-service Typical ECS Node

Docker
Daemon
1

3
2

Container A Events
Registrator Container name/tags

Consul agent

Consul
Nginx 7
Template
6

Nginx.
https://myurl/demo-service New container added for service X
conf

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