PROSES PENGOBATAN MASSAL FILARIASIS

DI KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN MENTAWAI

Tesis

Untuk memenuhi sebagian prasyarat

Mencapai derajat Sarjana S-2

Minat Utama Kebijakan dan Manajemen Pelayanan Kesehatan

Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat
Jurusan Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan

Diajukan oleh:

TOMAR SB.
NIM: 16525/PS/IKM/05

Kepada

SEKOLAH PASCASARJANA
UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA
YOGYAKARTA
2007
 INTISARI

Latar Belakang: Kabupaten Mentawai terdiri dari 4 kecamatan, 43 desa

dan 210 dusun yang tersebar di 4 pulau: Pagai Utara, Pagai Selatan,
Sipora dan Siberut. Penduduknya berjumlah 70.217 jiwa, tinggal di
sepanjang pantai, dengan mata pencaharian utama pertanian dan
sebagian bekerja sebagai nelayan. Di Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai
telah ditemukan kasus filariasis akut sebanyak 11 orang, sehingga
dilakukan pengobatan massal. Pengobatan massal filariasis bertujuan
memutus mata rantai penularan dan mengurangi dampak kecatatan akibat
manifestasi kronik penyakit ini. Metode pengobatan massal yang
digunakan adalah DEC dengan dosis standar, diberikan sekali setahun.

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pengobatan

massal filariasis di Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai.

Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan rancangan studi kasus

jenis kualitatif, melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan cek dokumen
pelaksanaan pengobatan massal filariasis.

Hasil dan pembahasan: Cakupan pengobatan masal filariasis selama 3

tahun mengalami penurunan dan efektifitas program tersebut hanya
mencapai 1,96 persen atau rata-rata 0,65 per tahun. Ketersediaan SDM,
dana dan sarana untuk pelaksanaan pengobatan masal filariasis cukup
memadai, namun ketiadaan pedoman pelaksanaan yang mendetil
menyebabkan efisiensi pelaksanaan kurang optimal dan kebijakan minum
obat di rumah menyebabkan efektifitas pengobatan kurang optimal karena
kontrol petugas melemah. Dalam proses pelaksanaan pengobatan masal
filariasis, puskesmas tidak dilibatkan dalam penyusunan perencanaan
program tersebut dan sosialisasi program ke masyarakat belum
dijalankan.

Kesimpulan: Efektifitas belum optimal dan efisiensi semakin menurun

disebabkan oleh manajemen program yang kurang bagus. Walaupun
ketersediaan inputnya memadai.
.

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 ABSTRACT

Background: The district of Mentawai consisted of 4 sub districts, 43 villages

and 210 sub villages which was distributed in 4 islands; north Pagai, south Pagai,
Sipora and Siberut. The community of Mentawai district was 70.127 people who
live in the beach shore with main income of agriculture and some of them were
fisherman. In the district of Mentawai, it was found 11 cases of chronic filariasis
so that there was mass treatment being conducted. The mass treatment of
filariasis was aimed to resolve the transmission chain and decreased the impact
of handicapped as the result of disease chronic manifestation. The method of
mass treatment being used was DEC with standard dosage that was given once
a year.

Objective: This research was aimed to find out the mass treatment process of
filariasis in the district of Mentawai archipelago.

Method: This was a case study that used qualitative method through in-depth
interview, observation and document check of filariasis mass treatment.

Result and discussion: The coverage of filariasis mass treatment during 3

years was decreased and the effectiveness of the program was reached up to
1,96 percent or in a average of 0,65 per year. The availability of human
resources, funding and facility for the implementation of mass treatment was
quite sufficient although there was no guidance on the detail implementation that
caused the efficiency on the implementation was not very optimum and the policy
of consuming drugs in the house caused the effectiveness on the treatment was
not very optimum as there was lack of officer’s control. In the process of filariasis
mass treatment, the Primary Health Care was not involved in the arrangement of
program planning and program socialization to the community was not yet
conducted.

Conclusion: The effectiveness was not yet optimum and the efficiency was
decreased which caused by the lack of program management although input’s
availability was sufficient.

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