Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1, 2, 3 Cell Morphology
1. Plasma Membrane
2. Nucleus
3. Nuclear Membrane
4. Chromatin
5. Nuclear Pore
6. Nucleolus
7. Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough)
8. Endoplasmic Reticulum (Smooth)
9. Golgi Complex
10. Centriole and Centrosome
11. Vacuole
12. Mitochondria
13. Pinocytic Vacuole
14. Lysosome
15. Ribosomes
Dr-.
Fig. 4 Mitosis
2
1. Karyolymph
2. Chromatin
3. Cytopiasm
4. Plasma Membrane
5. Chromosome
6. Centriole
7. Aster
8. Mitotic Spindle
Resting Phase Early Prophase Late Prophase
1. Chromosome
2. Spindle
3. Chromatid
Page 6
Fig. 5 Meiosis
1. Centriole
2. Synapsis
3. Spindle
4. Tetrad
5. First Polar Body
6. Second Polar Body
Page 7
fjg, Sftin rrictimensfanal Madel
Page 8
Fig. 7 Skin Section Plaque
.. Epidermis
i. Dermis
Page 9
Fig. 8 Compact Bone Model
Papp 10
Fig. 9 Section Through a Synovial Joint (Knee)
1. Femur
2. Tibia
3. Medial Condyle
4. Lateral Condyle
5. Fibrous Capsule
6. Synovial Membrane
7. Articular Cartilage
8. Medial Meniscus
9. Lateral Meniscus
10. Fibular Collateral Ligament
11. Anterior Cruciate Ligament
12. Tibial Collateral Ligament
13. Synovial Cavity
Fig. 10 Right Shoulder Articulation (Anterior view)
1. Scapula
2. Humerus
3. Coracoid Process
4. Acromial Process
5. Clavicle
6. Acromioclavicular Ligament
7. Coracoacromial Ligament
8. Biceps Brachii Tendon
9. Glenohumeral Ligament
10. Coracoclavicular Ligament
11. Lesser Tubercle
12. Greater Tubercle
Paee 12
Fig. 11 Shoulder Joint
1. Scapula
2. Humerus
3. Coracoid Process
4. Acromion
5. Clavicle
6. Greater Tubercle
7. Lesser Tubercle
8. Coracoacromial Ligament
9. Acromioclavicular Ligament
10. Glenohumeral Ligament
11. Coracoclavicular (Conoid) Ligament
12. Coracoclavicular (Trapezoid) Ligament
13. Superior Transversescapular Ligament
14. Coracohumeral Ligament
15. Articular Capsule
Page 13
Fig. 12 Elbow Articulation (Anterior and Posterior Views)
POSTERIOR
Page 15
Fig. 15, 16, 17 Hip Articulation (Anterior, Posterior and Lateral Views)
1. Ilium
2. Ischium
3. Pubis
4. Femur
5. Greater Trochanter
6. Lesser Trochanter
7. Surgical Neck
8. Pubic Symphysis
9. Ischial Tuberosity
10. Acetabulum
11. Acetabular Labrum
12. Lunate Surface
13. Acetabular Ligament
14. Iliofemoral Ligament
15. Pubofemoral Ligament
16. Ischiofemoral Ligament (Cut)
17. Transverse Acetabular Ligament
Page 16
Fig. 18 Lumbar Vertebrae with Herniated Discs
Page 17
Fig. 19, 20, 21 Histology of Skeletal and Smooth Muscles
Skeletal Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
1. Purkinje Cell
2. Nucleus of Purkinje Cell
3. Cardiac Cell
4. Myofibrils
5. Cardiac Cell Nucleus
6. Intercalated Disks
7. Capillary
8. Sarcolemma
6 Smooth Muscle
Page 18
Fig. 22 Skeletal Muscle with Neuromuscular Junction
Page 19
Fig. 23 Muscles of the Head and Neck
Page 20
Fig. 24 Muscular Figure (Anterior View)
1. Galea Aponeurotica
2. Frontalis
3. Orbicularis Oculi
4. Nasalis
5. Occipitalis
6. Temporalis
7. Levator Labii Superiori
8. Aponeurosis
9. Risorius
10. Masseter
11. Orbicularis Oris
12. Buccinator
13. Mentalis
14. Depressor Anguli Oris
15. Sternocleidomastoid
16. Levator Scapulae
17. Scalenes
18. Trapezius
19. Deltoid
20. Pectoralis Major
21. Latissimus Dorsi
22. Serratus Anterior
23. Rectus Abdominis
24. Linea Alba
25. External Oblique
26. Sartorius
27. Tensor Fascia Latae
28. Gracilis
29. Rectus Femoris
30. Vastus Lateralis
31. Vastus Medialis
32. Iliopsoas
33. Pectineus
34. Adductor Longus
35. Semitendinosus
36. Gastrocnemius
37. Soleus
38. Achille’s Tendon (Calcaneous)
39. Tibialis Anterior
40. Extensor Digitorum Longus
41. Peroneus Longus
42. Biceps Brachii
43. Brachialis
44. Triceps Brachii
45. Brachioradialis
46. Extensor Carpi Radialis
47. Extensor Digitorum
48. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
49. Flexor Carpi Radialis
50. Pronator Teres
51. Palmaris Longus
Page 21
Fig. 25 Muscular Figure (Dorsal view)
1. Galea Aponeurotica
2. Occipitalis
3. Frontalis
4. Temporalis
5. Auricularis
6. Sternocleidomastoid
7. Trapezius
8. Latissimus Dorsi
9. Deltoid
10. Infraspinatus
11. Teres Minor
12. Teres Major
13. External Oblique
14. Serratus Anterior
15. Gluteus Medius
16. Gluteus Maximus
17. Tensor Fascia Latae
18. Vastus Lateralis
19. Biceps Femoris
20. Semitendinosus
21. Semimembranosus
22. Adductor Magnus
23. Gastrocnemius
24. Soleus
25. Peroneus Longus
26. Peroneus Brevis
27. Extensor Digitorum
28. Achille’s Tendon (Calcaneal)
29. Triceps Brachii Long Head
30. Triceps Brachii Lateral Head
31. Triceps Brachii Medial Head
32. Biceps Brachii
33. Palmaris Longus
34. Flexor Carpi Radialis
35. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
36. Brachioradialis
Page 22
Fig. 26 Muscles of the Torso (Anterior View)
1. Galea Aponeurotica
2. Frontalis
3. Temporalis
4. Zygomaticus (M&m)
5. Orbicularis Oculi
6. Nasalis
7. Buccinator
8. Masseter
9. Depressor Anguli Oris
10. Levator Labii Superior
11. Mentalis
12. Orbicularis Oris
13. Sternocleidomastoid
14. Trapezius
15. Scalenes
16. Levator Scapulae
17. Sternohyoid
18. Omohyoid
19. Deltoid
20. Pectoralis Major
21. Pectoralis Minor
22a. Internal Intercostal
22. External Intercostal
23. Serratus Ventralis
24. Latissimus Dorsi
25. Rectus Abdominis
26. Linea Alba
27. External Oblique
28. Transverse Abdominis
29. Biceps Brachii
30. Coracobrachialis
31. Triceps Brachii
32. Teres Major
33. Rectus Femoris
34. Sartorius
35. Tensor Fascia Latae
36. Pectineus
37. Iliopsoas
38. Sternum
Page 23
Fig. 27 Muscles of the Torso (Posterior View)
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Scalenes
Deltoid
Internal Intercostal
External Intercostal
Serratus Ventralis
Latissimus Dorsi
Triceps Brachii
Teres Major
Occipitalis
Teres Minor
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Splenius Capitis
Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Piriformis
Superior Gemellus
Internal Obturator
Inferior Gemellus
Medial Border
Spine of Scapula
Rotatore
Spinalis Thoracis
Page 24
Fig. 28, 29, 30 Muscles of the Arm
Page 25
Fig. 31, 32, 33 Superficial and Deep Muscles of the Leg
(Anterior and Lateral Views)
CM
3. Gluteus Maximus
4. Gluteus Medius
5. Piriformis
6. Obturator Internus
7a. Superior Gemellus
7b. Inferior Gemellus
8. Quadratus Femoris
9. Tensor Fascia Latae
14. Adductor Magnus
15. Gracilis
16. Semitendinosus
17. Semimembranosus
18a. Biceps Femoris (Long Head)
18b. Biceps Femoris (Short Head)
21. Extensor Digitorum Longus
22. Peroneus Longus
23. Peroneus Brevis
24a. Gastrocnemius (Medial Head
24b. Gastrocnemius (Lateral Head
24c. Soleus
24d. Calcaneous Tendon (Achille’
25. Plantaris
26. Popliteus
27. Flexor Digitorum Longus
28. Tibialis Posterior
29. Flexor Hallucis Longus
30. Sciatic Nerve
31. Extensor Digitorum Brevis
34. Abductor Digiti
35. Iliotibial Band
Page 27
37, 38, 39 Model of the Hand
Page 28
Fig. 40 Structure of Neuron (Relief Plaque)
Page 29
Fig. 41 Structure of the Synapse
Page 30
Fig. 42, 43 Spinal Cord and Cervical Vertebra
Page 31
Fig. 44 Sagittal Section Through the Head (view of the Brain)
Page 32
Fig. 45 Ventricles of the Brain
1. Lateral Ventricle
2. Anterior Horn
3. Posterior Horn
4. Inferior Horn
5. Interventricular Foramen (Monro)
6. Third Ventricle
7. Cerebral Aqueduct (Sylvius)
8. Fourth Ventricle
9. Median Aperture
10. Lateral Aperture
11. Central Canal
Page 33
Fig. 46 Functional Areas of the Cortex
1. Central Sulcus
2. Primary Motor Area
3. Primary Somesthetic Area
4. Association Motor (Premotor) Area
5. Somesthetic Association Area
6. Primary Visual Area
7. Visual Association Area
8. Broca’s (Motor Language) Area
9. Wernicke’s (Sensorial Language) Area
10. Primary Gustatory Area
11. Frontal (Motor) Association Area
12. Primary Auditory Area
13. Primary Olfactory Area
14. Cerebellum
Page 34
Fig. 47, 48 Human Brain Model (Sagittal and Inferior Views)
1. Cerebrum
2. Frontal Lobe
3. Temporal Lobe
4. Occipital Lobe
5. Cerebral Peduncle
6. Pons Varolii
7. Medulla Oblongata
8. Spinal Cord
9. Cerebellum
9A. Arbor Vitae
10. Folia (Folds of Cerebellum)
11. Pituitary Gland
12. Mammillary Body
13A. Precentral Gyrus
13B. Postcentral Gyrus
13C. Cingulate Gyrus
14. Central Sulcus
15. Longitudinal Fissure
16. Cerebellar Peduncles
17. Olfactory Bulb
18. Olfactory Tract
19. Optic Nerve (II)
20. Optic Chiasma
21. Optic Tract
22. Occulomotor Nerve (III)
23. Trochlear Nerve (IV)
24. Trigeminal Nerve (V)
25. Abducens Nerve (VI)
26. Facial Nerve (VII)
27. Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VII!)
28. Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)
29. Vagus Nerve (X)
30. Accessory Nerve ((XI)
31. Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)
32. Spinal Nerve (Cl)
33. Parietal Lobe
34. Corpus Calossum
35. Fornix
36. Anterior Commissure
37. Lateral Ventricle
38. Third Ventricle
39. Fourth Ventricle
40. Foramen of Monro
41. Cerebral Aqueduct of Sylvius
42. Thalamus
43. Intermediate Mass
44. Hypothalamus
45. Tuber Cinereum
46. Superior Colliculus
47. Inferior Colliculus
48. Pineal Gland
49. Choroid Plexus
32
50. Occipital Fissure
51. Sulcus
Page 35
Fig. 49, 50, 51 Sheep’s Brain Dissection
1. Cerebrum
2. Cerebellum
3. Transverse Fissure
4. Medulla Oblongata
5. Pons Varolii
6. Fourth Ventricle
7. Cerebral Aqueduct
8. Dura Mater (Cut)
9. Pituitary Gland (Cut)
10. Mammillary Body
11. Optic Nerve (II)
IIA. Optic Chiasma
IIB. Optic Tract
12. Olfactory Bulb
12A. Olfactory Tract
13. Frontal Lobe
14. Hypothalamus
15. Septum Pellucidum
(Covers Lateral Ventricle)
16. Corpus Callosum
17. Fornix
18. Thalamus
18A. Intermediate Mass
19. Pineal Body
20. Superior Colliculus
21. Inferior Colliculus
22. Arbor Vitae
23. Spinal Cord
24. Central Canal
25. Occipital Lobe
26. Gyri
27. Cerebral Peduncle
28. Temporal Lobe
29. Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)
30. Trigeminal Nerve (V)
31. Occulomotor Nerve (III)
32. Trochlear Nerve (IV)
33. Abducens Nerve (VI)
34. Circle of Willis
35. Longitudinal Fissure
Page 36
Fig. 52 Peripheral Nerves and Plexuses
IA. Spinal Cervical Nerves 1 to 8 (C1-C8)
IB. Spinal Thoracic Nerves 1 to 12 (T1-T12)
IC. Spinal Lumbar Nerves 1 to 5 (L1-L5)
ID. Spinal Sacral Nerves 1 to 5 (S1-S5)
Co. Coccygeal Nerve
2. Phrenic Nerve
3. Ansa Cervicalis
4. Cervical Plexus
5. Brachial Plexus
6. Posterior Cord
7. Lateral Cord
8. Medial Cord
9. Radial Nerve
10. Ulnar Nerve
11. Median Nerve
12. Axillary Nerve
13. Muscular Branch of Medial Nerve
14. Digital Branch of Medial Nerve
15. Iliohypogastric Nerve
16. Laterofemoral Nerve
17. Genitofemoral Nerve
18. Laterofemoral Cutaneous Nerve
19. Femoral Nerve
20. Lumbosacral Trunk
21. Lumbar Plexus
22. Sacral Plexus
23. Sciatic Nerve
24. Superior Gluteal Nerve
25. Inferior Gluteal Nerve
26. Pudendal Nerve
27. Saphenous Nerve
28. Tibialis Nerve
29. Fibular Nerve
30. Plantar Nerve
Page 37
Fig. 53 Cross Section Through the Eyeball (Plaque)
Page 38
Fig. 54 Eye in Orbit (Anterior View)
Page 39
Fig. 55, 56 Eye in Orbit (Lateral View and Components of the Eyeball)
1. Palpebrae
2. Palpebral Fissure
6.Lacrimal Gland
8A. Lacrimal Canal Orifice
9. Lacrimal Sac
11. Frontal Sinus
12. Levator Palpebrae Superior
13. Inferior Rectus Muscle
14. Medial Rectus Muscle
15. Lateral Rectus Muscle
16. Inferior Oblique Muscle
17. Superior Rectus Muscle
18. Attachment for Superior
Oblique
19. Annular Ring
20. Optic Nerve (II)
21. Pupil
22. Iris
23. Sclera
24. Cornea
i 25. Retina
26. Choroid
27. Ciliary Body
28. Ciliary Processes
29. Vitreous Humor
30. Lens
31. Ora Serrata
32. Macula with Fovea
33. Optic Disc (Blind Spot)
34. Central Artery of Fundus
35. Central Vein of Fundus
Page 40
Fig. 57 Sheep’s Eye Dissection
13
14
>
-
A. Posterior View
B. Anterior View
1. Sclera
2. Cornea
3. Adipose Tissue Pad
4. Extrinsic Muscle
5. Optic Nerve
6. Choroid
7. Retina
8. Lens
9. Pupil
10. Ciliary Body
11. Ora Serrata
12. Iris
13. Optic Disc
I 14. Tapetum Lucidum
15. Vitreous Humor
Page 41
Fig. 58 Ear in Temporal Bone
Page 42
Fig. 59, 60 Internal Ear (The Labyrinth)
(Superior and Inferior Views)
1. Cochlea
2. Lateral Semicircular
Canal
3. Anterior Semicircular
Canal
4. Posterior Semicircular
Canal
5. Ampulla
6. Utricle
7. Saccule
8. Cochlear Nerve
(Cranial VIII)
9. Bony Labyrinth
10. Semicircular duct of
Membranous Labyrinth
(Containing Endolymph
11. Vestibular Nerve
(Cranial VIII)
12. Endolymphatic
Reservoir
13. Perilymph
14. Vestibule
15. Oval Window
16. Round Window
Page 43
Fig. 61 Section Through the Cochlea (Plaque)
Page 44