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INJECTION
INTRODUCTION
COMPONENTS OF MPFI
AIR INTAKE SYSTEM
PRESSURE REGULATOR SYSTEM
CONTROL SYSTEM
FUEL PUMP CONTROL SYSTEM
WORKING
FUNCTIONAL DIVISIONS OF MPFI SYSTEM
ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE
CONCLUSION
In petrol vehicles carburetor is used for supplying air
fuel mixture to the cylinder
In response to the recent demand for cleaner exhaust
emission improved drivability and mileage carburetor
is not sufficient
In place of the carburetor MPFI system is used in
vehicles
MPFI system is injects fuel into individual cylinders
based on commands from engine control module
The MPFI gives higher output, faster throttle
response under varying driving conditions
The system has four major components they are
1.Air intake system
2.Fuel delivery system
3.Electronic control system
4.Emission control system
Air intake system
It includes air filter, throttle body, intake
manifold, and finally drawn into the combustion
chamber
Throttle body
It consist of throttle valve, T P sensor, which detect the
throttle valve opening
Idle air control valve which supplies bypass air depending
on the engine condition
Fuel delivery system
It includes fuel pump, fuel filter and injector
Fuel pump
ECM controls its operation and centrifugal pump is used
to pump the fuel
The fuel pump also has a check valve to keep some
pressure in fuel feed line even when fuel pump is stopped
It keep the fuel pressure applied to the
injector 2.9kg/cm^2
Injector
Each cylinder have one injector
It inject the fuel into the inlet manifold
according to the signal from ECM
Electronic control system
The electronic control system consist of
various sensors which detect the state of
engine and driving conditions
Fuel injection control system
In which ECM controls the timing of fuel
injection according to the signals from various
sensors
Injection time is calculated on the basis of
engine speed
Idle speed control system
It keep the engine idle speed as specified at all
times
ECM controls the ON\OFF operation of the fuel
pump
Ignition control system
This system controls ignition timing
The ECM judges the engine conditions by using
signals from various sensors selects suitable
ignition timing
Controls of this system includes
Ignition timing at the engine start
Ignition timing after engine start
The MPFI system consists of one fuel
injector placed near every intake valve and
directed towards it, in the fuel intake
manifold. Fuel is supplied to the injector
through a common rail. The amount of air
intake is decided by the car driver by
pressing the gas pedal, depending on the
speed requirement.
The air mass flow sensor near throttle valve and
the oxygen sensor in the exhaust sends signal to
ECU. ECU determines the air fuel ratio required
,hence the pulse width. Depending on the signal
from ECU the injectors inject fuel right into the
intake valve. The fuel sprayed at high pressure
gts atomized into fine particles and get mixed
with air. The air fuel mixture is sucked ito the
engine cylinder and the combustion takes place.
The mpfi system can be functionally
divided into the following three main
components