Reproduction exam question booklet levels 3-6 (2006-2007)

Level 3
1. The diagrams below show a human ovum (egg) and a human sperm.

m e m b ra n e

n u c le u s m e m b ra n e
n u c le u s ta il

head

h u m a n o v u m (e g g ) h u m a n s p e rm

n o t t o s c a le

(a) What are eggs and sperm?

Tick the correct box.

animals cells organs

1 mark

(b) Which part does a sperm use to swim towards an egg?

......................................................
1 mark

(c) Give the name of the male reproductive organ where sperm are made.

.......................................................
1 mark

(d) The diagram below shows a sperm joining with an egg.

n o t to s c a le

What is this process called?

Tick the correct box.

fertilisation growth

greenwich literacy and numeracy centre 1

 nutrition respiration
1 mark
Maximum 4 marks

Level 4
2. Choose words from the box below to answer all the questions.

cell division digestion fertilisation foetus genes

intestine ovary ovum (egg) sperm testis uterus

(a)

(i) What is the name of cell A?

.............................................................
1 mark

(ii) Where is cell A produced?

.............................................................
1 mark

(b)

(i) What is the name of cell B?

.............................................................
1 mark

(ii) Where is cell B produced?

.............................................................
1 mark

(c)

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 C

not to scale

What process is shown in C? Choose your answer from the box above.

.............................................................
1 mark

(d) The diagram shows a baby developing inside its mother.

(i) Which word means an unborn baby? Choose your answer from the box
above.

.............................................................
1 mark

(ii) Where does the unborn baby develop? Choose your answer from the box
above.

.............................................................
1 mark
maximum 7 marks

greenwich literacy and numeracy centre 3

Level 5
3. The diagram shows a section through the human female reproductive system.

o v id u c t ( f a llo p ia n tu b e )

o v a ry

lin in g o f u te r u s ( w o m b )

m u s c le in
w a ll o f u t e r u s c e rv ix

v a g in a

(a) (i) How often are eggs normally released in the female reproductive system?

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii) In which labelled part is an egg normally fertilised by a sperm?

..........................................
1 mark

(b) Fill the two gaps in the sentences below.

A fertilised egg divides into a tiny ball of cells called an embryo.

The embryo attaches to the lining of the uterus. Here the embryo

grows to become an unborn baby, called a ...................................... .

It takes about ...................................... months for a baby to develop

inside its mother.

2 marks

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 (c) The diagram below shows a baby growing in its mother’s uterus.

p la c e n t a m u s c le s in w a ll
o f u te ru s

a m n io tic f lu id

v a g in a

(i) What is the function of the amniotic fluid?

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii) Through which part can harmful substances, such as nicotine, pass from
the mother’s blood to the baby’s blood?

.................................................
1 mark

(iii) Give one other harmful substance which may be passed from the mother’s
blood to the baby’s blood.

............................................
1 mark

(d) When the baby is born it is pushed out of the mother’s body.
What happens in the wall of the uterus to push the baby out?

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 8 marks

greenwich literacy and numeracy centre 5

Level 5
4. (a) When fertilisation takes place, the nucleus of a sperm joins with the nucleus of an
ovum (egg).

In which part of the reproductive system does fertilisation normally take place in
humans?
Tick the correct box.

cervix ovary

oviduct uterus

1 mark

(b) The table below gives information about fertilisation in three animals.

Does fertilisation take place Number of eggs

animal
inside or outside the body? released at a time

human inside 1

bird inside 4

frog outside 3000

Frogs release their eggs and sperm into water.

The eggs are fertilised in the water.

Why is it an advantage for frogs to release large numbers of eggs and sperm?

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) The diagram shows a section through a fertilised egg of a bird.

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 (i) The shell of a bird’s egg is porous. This means it has microscopic holes in it.

Why does it need to be porous?

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii) Give one other function of the egg shell.

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(d) A bird’s egg contains yolk which is a food store for the developing chick.
A human egg does not contain yolk.

Why does a human egg not need to contain a food store for the embryo?

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Level 6
5. (a) The graph below shows how the mass of a human foetus increases during the 40
weeks of pregnancy.

2
m ass of
fo e tu s
in k g
1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
a g e o f f o e t u s in w e e k s

In which five-week period on the graph does the mass of the foetus increase
most rapidly?

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

greenwich literacy and numeracy centre 7

The foetus is surrounded by a liquid called amniotic fluid.

(b) Give one function of the amniotic fluid.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c) The foetus needs oxygen but cannot breathe while it is in the uterus.
Describe how oxygen gets from the air to the cells of the foetus.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
3 marks
Maximum 5 marks

greenwich literacy and numeracy centre 8