Antarctica

Climate
Geography
Fauna
Flora
Argentinian Bases
 CLIMATE
Most of Antarctica, is covered whit the polar cold.
The warmest place from there, reaches 0 ° C and
has cost them more northern areas. The average
temperature around -17 ° C and lower reaches -
83.3 ° C.
What gives importance to this climate is the
albedo, which is a reflection of the ice caused by
sunlight.
In the Antarctic Peninsula, was found temperatures
of up to 3 ° 0 C, which explains the presence of
rain and snowmelt. The cause is caused to the
alteration of the winds, from the west and
northwest.
 Geography
Antarctica is the fourth largest continent after
Asia, America and Africa, with 14,000,000 km ².
Its shape is approximately circular and is located
south of the Antarctic Circle.
It is divided into West Antarctica, the smallest and
East Antarctica, the rest of the continent. Both
areas are partially separated by a notch called
Sunked Antarctic which is located between the
Weddell Sea and the Ross Sea. These seas are the
most important and the most penetrating to the
South Pole, the rest of the continent.
 Fauna
The fauna is very scarce in the continent but in the oceans,
marine life is found. Leopard seals, Weddell seals and penguins
are examples of wildlife in Antarctica. One species that are
most striking are fish adapted to living 0 ° C. Zoarcidae Fishes,
live more than 440 meters deep.
The icy waters surrounding Antarctica, is the largest habitat
that meets blue whales, the colossal squid, etc. The increase of
only 1 ° C, could produce a big change in the ecosystem.
With the exception the skuas and some species of whales and
birds, most marine life is found in the coastal areas in summer
and when winter comes they migrate because of the ice caps.
The only representative of the wildlife that passes the Antarctic
winter on the ice is the largest of the penguins, the emperor
penguin. This species, endemic to the Antarctic is the largest
size and weight of all penguins, the male and female are similar
in plumage and size, can exceed one hundred and twenty feet
tall and weigh between twenty and forty-five kilograms. The
plumage provides 80-90% of their isolation.
 Flora
At the present, due to extreme weather
conditions, there is little vegetation, algae,
mosses and lichens, although in the
northern coastal area of the Antarctic
Peninsula are two species: carnation
Antarctic and the Antarctic hairgrass.
 Argentinian Bases
Argentina, through the Dirección Nacional del Antártico
(DNA) and the Argentine Antarctic Institute (IAA), operates
several scientific investigation stations in Antarctica.
In Antarctica, there are bases, which are used for
installation in human investigations. There are two kinds of
bases: the permanent and temporary.
Permanent Bases: Belgrano II, Esperanza, Jubany,
Marambio, Orkney and San Martín. In the base Esperanza
in 1978, was born a boy named Emilio Marcos Palma. He
was the first person born in Antarctica. His mother, father
and their three children went to Antarctica to give birth
and get this area.