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 the Stiffness Matrix for a Spring Element:

 the Stiffness Matrix for a Bar Element in Local Coordinates

 Transformation of Vectors in Two Dimensions

Beam Stiffness Matrix Based on Timoshenko Beam Theory


(Including Transverse Shear Deformation)

Two-Dimensional Arbitrarily Oriented


Beam Element
the general transformed global stiffness matrix for a beam element that includes axial force, shear force, and bending moment
effects as:

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