AWS D1.1:2000.
STRUCTURAL STEEL CODE
6.0. INSPECTION (PART C)
6.12. RADIOGRAPHIC INSPECTION
The imperfection shall be considered as defect should any of the following conditions exist:
9.3.1.Inadequate Penetration
without Hi-Low (IP)
9.3.2.Inadequate Penetration Due
To Hi-Low (IPD)
9.3.3.Inadequate Cross Penetration
(ICP)
9.3.4.Incomplete Fusion (IF)
9.3.5.Incomplete Fusion Due To
Cold-Lap (IFD)
9.3.6.Internal Concavity (IC)
9.3.7.Burn-Through (BT)
9.3.7.2. OD >= 60.3mm
9.3.7.3. OD < 60.3mm
9.3.8.Elongated & Isolated Slag
Inclusions (ESI & ISI)
9.3.8.2. OD >= 60.3mm
9.3.8.Elongated & Isolated Slag
Inclusions (ESI & ISI)
9.3.8.3. OD < 60.3mm
9.3.9.Porosity
9.3.9.2.Individual or Scattered
(P)
9.3.9.Porosity
9.3.9.3.Cluster (CP)
9.3.9.Porosity
9.3.9.4.Hollow-bead (HB)
9.3.10.Cracks (C)
9.3.11.Cover pass (EU) and Root
pass (IU) Undercutting
9.3.12.Accumulation of
imperfections (AI), excluding IPD
and EU/IU
9.3.13.Pipe or fitting imperfections
T - the thinner of the Nominal wall thicknesses joined
a) L of individual indication > 25mm
b) L of aggregated indications in any continuous 300mm > 25mm
c) L of aggregated indications in any weld less than 300mm > 8% of weld length
a) L of individual indication > 50mm
b) L of aggregated indications in any continuous 300mm > 75mm
a) L of individual indication > 50mm
b) L of aggregated indications in any continuous 300mm > 50mm
a) L of individual indication > 25mm
b) L of aggregated indications in any continuous 300mm > 25mm
c) L of aggregated indications in any weld less than 300mm > 8% of weld length
a) L of individual indication > 50mm
b) L of aggregated indications in any continuous 300mm > 50mm
c) L of aggregated indications in any weld > 8% of weld length
Any length of IC is acceptable if density of Radiographic Image of IC does not exceed that
of thinnest adjacent parent metal.
Otherwise the criteria for burn-through are applicable.
a) Max. Dimension > 6mm, and the density of BT’s image exceeds that of thinnest adjacent
parent metal.
b) Max. Dimension > T, and the density of BT’s image exceeds that of thinnest adjacent
parent metal.
c) Sum of the Max. Dimensions of serrated BTs in any continuous 300mm or total weld
length (which ever is less) > 13mm, and the density of BT’s image exceeds that of thinnest
adjacent parent metal
a) Max. Dimension > 6mm, and the density of BT’s image exceeds that of thinnest adjacent
parent metal.
b) Max. Dimension > T, and the density of BT’s image exceeds that of thinnest adjacent
parent metal.
c) More than one BT of any size is presented, and the density of BT’s image exceeds that of
thinnest adjacent parent metal
a) L of ESI > 50mm
b) L of aggregated ESI indications in any continuous 300mm > 50mm
c) Width of ESI > 1.6mm
d) L of aggregated ISI indications in any continuous 300mm > 13mm
e) Width of ISI > 3mm
f) More than 4 ISI indications max-3mm are presented in any continuous 300mm
g) Aggregate L of ISI and ESI > 8% of the weld length
a) L of ESI > 3*T
b) Width of ESI > 1.6mm
c) Aggregate L of ISI and ESI > 8% of the weld length
a) Size of P > 3mm
b) Size of P > 25% of T
c) The distribution of P exceeds the concentration permitted in Figure 19 or 20
a) Diameter of CP > 13mm
b) L of aggregated CP indications in any continuous 300mm > 13mm
c) P within CP > 2mm
a) L of individual HB > 13mm
b) Aggregated L of HB in any continuous 300mm > 50mm
c) L of each individual HB in length are serrated by less than 50mm > 6mm
d) Aggregate L of all HB > 8% of weld length
a) The C of any size or location in weld, but is not shallow crater crack / star crack
b) L of the Shallow crater crack / star crack > 4mm
Aggregated Length of EI & UI indications in any combination in any continuous 300mm
length of weld exceeds 50mm.
Aggregated Length of EI & UI indications in any combination > 1/6 of weld length.
a) Aggregate L of indications in any continuous 300mm > 50mm
b) Aggregated L of indications > 8% of weld length
Imperfection in the pipe/fittings shall be reported to the company. Their disposition shall be
as directed by the company.
L –length of indication
 API 1104. WELDING OF PIPELINES AND WELDING FACILITIES.
9. ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING

9.4. +MAGNETIC PARTICLE TESTING

9.4.1.2.Any indications with the maximum dimension 1.6mm or less shall be classified as non-relevant.

9.4.2. Acceptance standards

The linear indications shall be considered defects should any of the following conditions exist:
a) Linear indications evaluated as crater/star cracks > 4mm in length
b) Linear indications evaluated as cracks
c) Linear indications evaluated as IF in any continuous 300mm > 25mm, or 8% of weld length
Rounded indications shall be evaluated according to the criteria of 9.3.8.2 and 9.3.8.3 as applicable.

9.4.3. Pipe or fitting imperfections – the same as 9.3.13

9.5. LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING

9.5.1.2. Any indications with the maximum dimension 2mm or less shall be classified as non-relevant.

9.5.2. Acceptance standards

The linear indications shall be considered defects should any of the following conditions exist:
a) Linear indications evaluated as crater/star cracks > 4mm in length
b) Linear indications evaluated as cracks
c) Linear indications evaluated as IF in any continuous 300mm > 25mm, or 8% of weld length
Rounded indications shall be evaluated according to the criteria of 9.3.8.2 and 9.3.8.3 as applicable.

9.5.3. Pipe or fitting imperfections – the same as 9.3.13

9.6. ULTRASONINC TESTING

9.6.2. Acceptance standards

The imperfection indications shall be considered defects should any of the following conditions
exist:
9.6.2.1. Indication determined to be crack (C) – defect

9.6.2.2. Linear Surface Indication (LS)

a) Aggregate L of LS in any continuous 300mm > 25mm
b) Aggregate L of LS > 8% of weld length

9.6.2.3. Linear Buried Indication (LB)

a) Aggregate L of LB in any continuous 300mm > 50mm
b) Aggregate L of LB > 8% of weld length

9.6.2.4. Transverse indications (T) other than cracks

T indications shall be considered and evaluated as volumetric indications.

9.6.2.5. Volumetric Clusters (VC)

Maximum dimension of VC > 13mm

9.6.2.6. Volumetric Individual (VI)

Maximum dimension of VI in both width & length > 6mm

9.6.2.7. Volumetric Root (VR)

a) Maximum Dimension of VR > 6mm
b) Total length of VR indications in any 300mm > 13mm

9.6.2.8. Any Accumulation of Relevant Indications (AR)

a) Aggregate Length of Indication in any 300mm > 50mm
b) Aggregate Length of Indication > 8% of weld length

9.6.3. Pipe or fitting imperfections – the same as 9.3.13

9.7. VISUAL ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS FOR UNDERCUTTING

DEPTH LENGTH
> 0.8mm or >12.5% of WT whichever is smaller Not acceptable
> 0.4mm or >6% - 12.5% of WT whichever is smaller 50mm in any continuous 300mm or weld length whichever is smaller
<=0.4mm or <=6% of WT whichever is smaller Acceptable, regardless length