R.I.M.

T
COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE

“AR. FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT”

INTRODUCTION
• Name :Frank Lloyd Wright
• Nationality : American
• Birth date : June 8, 1867
• Birth place : Richland Centre, Wisconsin
• His Father was Musician and Mother was Teacher.
• His mother wanted him to become an architect.
• He designed more than 1000 structures and completed 532 works.
• Date of death :April 9,1959 (Phoeinx Arizona)

EDUCATION & CAREER

 EDUCATION:
• Wright attended a Madison high school, but there is no evidence he ever
graduated.
• He was admitted to the University Of Wisconsin a special student in 1886.
• There he took part-time for two semesters, and worked with a professor
of civil engineering, Allan D. Conover.
• He left the university in 1887 without taking a degree & went to Chicago in
search of employment.
• Even though he was very poor still he manage to become a famous
architect.
CAREER:
• He was not satisfied with his education so he started working with Sullivan
and Adler as a trainee in 1887
• After working for 7 years in Sullivan’s office he left his office in 1892
• In late 1893 he opened his own office in Illinois, Chicago.
• Wright authored twenty books and numerous articles and was a popular
lecturer in the United States and in Europe.
• First client in his career was William H. Winslow
• Wright was recognized in 1991 by the American Institute of Architects as
"the greatest American architect of all time“.

SIGNIFICANT FEATURES IN WRIGHT’S ARCHITECTURES:

• Wright was concerned with the creation of space within the physical form.
• One of the most important elements in the creation of this space is the
detailing not only the architectural detailing but the furnishings as well.
• Furniture, fixtures & furnishings were built into the walls as much as
possible to integrate them with the interior space by making a harmonious
transition between floor and ceiling.
 PRINCIPLES OF F.L.WRIGTH WORKS:
 SIMPLICITY:
Every thing that was unnecessary, including interior walls , should be eliminated.
There should be as few rooms as possible.
 MULTIPLE STYLE:
He paid less concerned to the styles of the times and more concerned about the
requirements of the individual.
 THE NATURE OF MATERIALS:
All building materials should show their natural characteristics and shouldn't be
disguised.
PHILOSPHY OF F.L.WRIGHT
• Believing that “the space within that building is the reality of that building”
Wright designed structures which were in harmony with humanity and its
environment, a philosophy he called Organic architecture.
• This philosophy was best exemplified by his design for Fallingwater (1935),
which has been called "the best all-time work of “American architecture”.
• To Wright, architecture was about nourishing the lives of those sheltered
within them.
CONCEPT OF F.L.WRIGHT:
Organic Architecture.
•Continuity and Integrity.
•Part related to whole and whole related to part.
•Combination of nature and environment.
•Deep love for nature.

MATERIAL USED BY F.L.WRIGHT:

•Used natural material with modern material.
•Used materials are:
•Concrete
•Sheet Metal and Steel
•Wood
•Glass
•Kiln Brick
 “Throwing light on
some of the beautiful
creations
of
F.L.Wright”
William H.WinsloW
House
WILLIAM H. WINSLOW HOUSE
• Built in 1893 at river forest, Illinios
• William Winslow, publisher of House Beautiful, was Wright's first client
when he opened his own architectural practice in Chicago in 1893.
• The William Winslow house has been called an essential step in the
development of the Prairie House because it was here that Wright first
developed the exterior forms and elevational concepts that would allow him
to begin to give shape on the outside to the dynamic qualities of interior
space.
• This was his first independent project after leaving Adler and Sullivan.
• The front of the house is completely symmetrical and formal in appearance.
• Roman brick is the basic material, while stone and plaster are also
employed.

CONCEPT:-
1. Rectangular and symmetrical in Plan.

2. Essential Step the development of

prairie house.
INTERIOR DESIGN
• Roman brick is the basic material, while stone and plaster are also employed.
• In the interior spaces are well defined, but gently flowing between them,
instead of giving the impression of normal blocks inside other blocks
• The front of the house is completely symmetrical and formal in appearance.
• The windows take up the entire space of the terracotta panelling, extending
from the cornice to the moulding under the roof.

INTERIOR SPACES
ARE WELL DEFINE

COMPLETELY SYMMETRICAL AND FORMAL

IN APPEARANCE
 DINNING PORCH
ROOM

PORTE KITCHEN
LIVING
COCHE RE
ROOM

LIBRARY
ENTRY

PLAN OF GROUND FLOOR

Frederick c. robie
residence
Frederick C.Robie Residence
• Constructed in 1906 in Chicago ,Illinois.
• Robie house is considered as master piece
of Prarie style
• It is Called "the house of the century" by
House and Home magazine in 1958.
• The Robie house, as Wright's best
expression of the Prairie masonry
structure,is a national landmark.
•This is coupled with a high degree of integration of the mechanical and electrica
systems designed by Wright into the visual expression of the interior.
•In 1991,the Architectural Record selected the Robie House as “one of the seven
most notable residence ever built in America
•Built at a cost of sixty thousand dollars.
•Robie House is now owned by the University of Chicago.
FREDERICK C.ROBIE RESIDENCE
• On the first floor are the “billiards” room and children playroom, On the
second floor are the entry hall at the top of the central stairway which
leads to the living room and dining room and the third floor overlaps the
major and minor vessels in the center of the building. And he consider the
third floor as the “belvedere” the “PLACE IN COMMAND OF BEAUTIFUL
VIEWS”.
CONCEPT:-
1. Red Brick is used with Yellow mortar . Steel beam support the cantilever
overhang to give the extra strength.
2. In winter , Light flood inside the house and in summer light touches the
bottom of south facing window.

On the first floor

are the “BILLIARDS”
ROOM AND
CHILDREN
PLAYROOM
INTERIOR DESIGN
• Steel beams support cantilevered portion.
• Walls are non load bearing.
• Yellow mortar and red bricks are used.
• The concept is-in mid summers the sunlight
touches the bottom of the south facing
windows.
• Living and dining space are in line, with
only the fireplace-chimney block providing
separation.
• In plan, the house is designed as two large rectangles that seem to slide
by one another.
• There are no real walls in the living room, only plaster-faced posts
between the windows and doors which are continuous around the entire
room.
• The house was built on a narrow corner lot in Chicago and is considered
Wright's best expression of the Prairie style masonry structure.
 LAUNDARY
ENTRANCE GARAGE
HALL

BILLIARD CHILDREN’S
PLAYROOM COURT
ROOM

GARDEN

PLAN OF GROUND FLOOR

 SERVANTS
GUEST KITCHEN
ROOM

LIVING DINING
ROOM ROOM

PLAN OF FIRST FLOOR

FALLinG WATer
FALLING WATER
•Fallingwater is one of the most famous of Frank Lloyd Wright's works.
•His most famous private residence was constructed from 1935 to 1939.
•For Mr. and Mrs. E.J. Kaufmann Sr., at Bear Run, Pennsylvania. It was
designed according to Wright's desire to place the occupants close to the
natural surroundings.
•Kaufmann's own engineers argued that the design was not sound.
•They were overruled by Wright, but the contractor secretly added extra
steel to the horizontal concrete elements.
• It was Wright’s greatest expression of organic architecture.
• Reinforced concrete cantilevered slabs projects from rock to carry house
over the stream.
• Stone was used as an exterior element.
• Rooms give a 3-sided view.
• From living room a suspended staircase lead directly down to the stream.

INTERIOR DESIGN:
• Fallingwater stands as one of Wright's greatest masterpieces both for its
dynamism and for its integration with the striking natural surroundings.
• This organically designed private residence was intended to be a nature
retreat for its owners.
• The house is well-known for its connection to the site: it is built on top of
an active waterfall which flows beneath the house.
• The fireplace hearth in the living room is composed of boulders found on the
site
• The stone floors are waxed, while the
hearth is left plain, giving the
impression of dry rocks protruding
from a stream.
• The "bridge" that connects the main
house to the guest and servant
building,
• Bedrooms are small, some even with
low ceilings, perhaps to encourage
people outward toward the open social
areas, decks, and outdoors.

LOW CEILINGS, SMALL

BEDROOMS, OPEN SOCIAL

HEARTH IS PLAIN, GIVING

THE IMPRESSION OF DRY
ROCKS PROTRUDING FROM A
STREAM
STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS
• Fallingwater's structural system includes
a series of bold reinforced concrete
cantilevered balconies.
• However, the house had problems from
the beginning.
• Pronounced sags were noticed
immediately with both of the prominent
balconies - the living room and the second
floor.
• Given the humid environment directly over
running water, the house also had mold
problems. BOLD REINFORCED CONCRETE
CANTILEVERD BALCONY

NEARING THE BRIDGE OVER THE

STREAM AND THE ENTRY TO THE
HOUSE.
 THIRD FLOOR
HAS STUDY AREA

SECOND FLOOR HAS

TREE BEDROOMS

FIRST FLOOR HAS

DRAWING,DINNING
& READING ROOM

GROUND FLOOR WITH NO ROOMS

FIRST FLOOR PLAN
SECOND FLOOR PLAN
THIRD FLOOR PLAN
 SOLOMON
R.GuGGeNheiM
MuSeuM,
GUGGENHEIM MUSEUM
SKYLIGHTS
• Built between 1956-1959.
•Guggenheim Museum is the cylindrical building,
wider at the top than the bottom, was
conceived as a "temple of the spirit". 
•The concept was taken from Morris gift shop. 
•Guggenheim Museum is a structure in which
concrete is molded into curvilinear form ,
reinforced by steel.
•Basic material is concrete , spiral ramp is
provided.
•The exhibition display is along the ramp.
•Big skylight was covering the whole building
•Inside the building, a shallow spiraling ramp
follows the curvilinear path

WINDOWS
• Wright was commissioned to design a museum to
house the Solomon R. Guggenhiem Collection of
Non-Objective Painting.
• Construction of the building began in 1956 and
was incomplete at the time of Wright's death in
1959.
• The primary construction material is concrete,
both sprayed and poured into forms.
• Wright said, the Guggenheim Museum is "one
great space on a single continuous floor. The eye
encounters no abrupt change, it is an unbreaking
wave one floor flowing
into another instead of the usual superimposition of stratified layers. The
whole is cast in concrete, more an eggshell in form than a crisscross brick
structure."
•It has been called one of the great architectural spaces of the 20th century.
 BIG SKYLIGHT WAS
COVERING THE WHOLE
BUILDING.
SKYLINE

SPIRAL CONCRETE FACADE DISPLAY IS ALONG THE RAMP

 CAFE
WALKWAY
GRAND
GALLERY

SCULPTURE
GARDEN

MAIN GALLERY
STAIRCASE
MONITER

ENTRANCE
LOGGIA

PLAN OF GROUND FLOOR

INTERIOR DESIGN
• Its interior is similar to the inside of a seashell.
• Basic material is concrete.
• The building surface was made out of concrete
to reduce the cost, inferior to the stone finish
• Spiral ramp is provided, the floor of which is
embedded with circular shapes and triangular light
fixtures to complement the geometric nature of
the structure.
• An elevator takes the visitors to the top to easily
experience the paintings.
• Then artworks can be viewed by walking down the
slowly descending, central spiral ramp
• Big skylight was covering the whole building

SPIRAL RAMP
IS PROVIDED
Not everyone liked the design
Do you know why?
• Because the Guggenheim Museum's design is based on a spiral.
• There are no separate floor levels; instead floors are connected by a spiral
ramp that visitors walk along to view art hung on curving walls.
• The curators, people who look after the art in a museum, complained that
the walls were not suitable for displaying art.
• Nevertheless, today the building is recognized as one of the most
interesting examples of modern architecture and considered one of Wright's
masterpieces.
UNITY CHURCH
UNITY CHURCH :-
• Unity church built between 1905 and 1908
• Unity Temple designed by the American architect Frank Lloyd Wright
• Unity Church was the first public building of any type in America to be
built entirely of exposed concrete.
• Most critics consider this century one of Wright's highest achievements.
• In Architectural Record unity church was 6th significant buildings in the
United States of the previous 100 years
INTERIOR DESIGN
• Wright divided the community space from the
temple space through a low, middle loggia that could
be approached from either side.
• Its use was dictated in part by the need to keep
construction costs low
• The ceiling is opened above the central cube into a
grid of beams, into which are set 25 stained-glass
skylights.
• Wright's principle of integrity called for the
building to be "thoroughbred, meaning built in
character out of the same material,"
• Light enters the sanctuary only from above and
is filtered by the colors and patterns of the
leaded windows and skylights.

MAIN
AUDITORIUM
 MAIN
AUDITORIUM

COAT
ROOM

PLAN OF UNITY CHURCH

 OVER ALL CONCEPT
F.L. WRIGHT ALWAYS PRECEVIED THE NATURAL
MATERIAL AS IT IS AND USED THE MASSES OF
NATURAL STONES AS FEATURE’S IN HIS BUILDING.

SOLOMON
R.Guggenheim
Museum

FALLING WATER
UNITY CHURCH
Frederick c.
robie
William H.Winslow residence
house