1.

)EtymologicAl mEAning of philosophy

The word philosophy is derived from Greek words – Pholos
and Sophia. Philos means love and Sophia means wisdom. Thus
philosophy means love of wisdom. In this way search of wisdom or
truth is called philosophy, and the man who engages himself in this 4. )thics- deals mainly with morality. It helps people determine what
search is called a philosopher. • In his famous book “Republic” Plato is right and wrong and how to achieve “good life”
says- He who has a taste for every sort of knowledge and who is Logic- the use of reason in argument. Critical thinking and problem
curious to learn and never satisfied may be justly termed a solving. How to apply evidence to an argument.
philosopher.”
SPECIFIC MEANING OF PHILOSOPHY • 1. 5.) We don't ask big questions: We may think about the big
To be precise and definite, one may call philosophy as that deep questions of life from time to time, but philosophers dedicate their
thinking and mediation which concerns itself to the God, the soul lives to pursuing answers so that our lives in general can become
and the Nature. • This concentration and deep thinking is for safer, easier, and more fulfilling.
revealing the hidder and immortal realities of existence namely- 2. We often lack common sense: Philosophers try to find whether
what is the nature of life, whence human being has come and what something is actually logical, as opposed to assuming something is
will be his final destination, how does external nature affect human right just because it's popular and long-established.
life. 3. We tend to be mentally confused: We get emotional at things and
ETYMOLOGICAL MEANING OF PHILOSOPHY • The rational we don't always know why. Philosophers pursue self-knowledge, and
investigation of the nature and structure of reality (metaphysics), • believe one of the first steps to a good life is knowing yourself well.
The resources and limits of knowledge (epistemology), • The 4. We don't know what makes us happy: We overrate things that we
principles and import of moral judgment (ethics), and • The think will make us happy and we underestimate how simple things
relationship between language and reality (semantics). • b[Zot] cg]g can contribute to our mental well-being. Philosophers try to be
Olt bz{g Upanished, the famous Hindu chronicle, has defined precise about the activities and attitudes that actually can make our
philosophy as that discipline which is related to the vision of ultimate lives better.
reality. 5. We sometimes lose perspective: So many things in our world are
2.) Axiology: the study of value; the investigation of its nature, much bigger than we are. We spend our days concerned with what
criteria, and metaphysical status we have and what we want, but philosophy helps us gain perspective
Epistemology: the study of knowledge. In particular, epistemology is and see the big picture.
the study of the nature, scope, and limits of human knowledge.
Ontology or Metaphysics: the study of what is really real.
Metaphysics deals with the so-called first principles of the natural
order and "the ultimate generalizations available to the human
intellect."
3.) a. epistemology - Epistemology is the study of the nature and
scope of knowledge and justified belief. It analyzes the nature of
knowledge and how it relates to similar notions such as truth, belief
and justification. /how do we obtain knowledge/
b.) metaphysics -Ontology or Metaphysics: the study of what is really
real. Metaphysics deals with the so-called first principles of the
natural order and "the ultimate generalizations available to the
human intellect." /Asks why we are here and what is our purpose in
life.Study of time./
c.)
d.) Cosmology is a matter of philosophical and scientific knowledge
that studies the material structure and the laws governing the
universe conceived as an ordered set. Study the world
e.)
f.) aesthetics- he branch of philosophy dealing with beauty and
taste. What shapes the opinion of beauty.
g.) Social philosophy is the philosophical study of questions about
social behavior (typically, of humans)
h.) political philosophy- is the study of questions about
the city, government, politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law an
d the enforcement of a legal code / study of how people interact
with each other. Purpose of govern? Why people need other/
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