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r-545
Seat
No.

(Mech.) (Semester - III) Examination, 20Ll

APPI,IED THERMODYNAMICS
Sub. Code l 4266L
Total Marks: 100
Day and Date: MondaY, 5-12-2011
Time: 10.00 a.m. to 1.00 P'm' I

and anY three

Instructions:1)Solveanythreequestionsfromsectionl
questions from Section II'
-, 2) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary'
b j') Figures to right indicate full marks'
4) Use of logtabte, calcuiator, steam table, Mollier chart is
allowed-

SECTION -I
thermodynamics ? How is it
1. a) what is clausius statement of second law of 4
different from Kelvin-Plank statement ?
b) Discuss how the increase in pressure will effect the following :

1) Latent heat
2) Saturation temPerature
3) Specific volume
? Prove that it is givenby
Define the availability. what is unavailable energy I
and change in entropy'
product of lowest possible temperature of heat rejection
v
for vapour on T'S and
2. a) what are limitation of carnot cycle ? sketch this cycle 8
H.S diagrams.
to 24bar Pressure according to
b) 5 kg of air at 1.3 bar and27'C is compressed
is cooled at constant volume
thelalv py l'33 = constant. After compression air
to 30'C. Find :
1) Volume and temperature at the end of compression'
2) Change iu entropy during compression'
3) Change in entropy for constant volume cooling'
I
Take C, = 1'005 and Cu = 0'718' rr.T.O.

F
E;I
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3. a) Derive an expression for the efficiency of Rankine cycle for vapour.

b) A steam turbine is supplied withsteam at24 bar and 300"C and exhausts at
0.05 bar to a condenser. The condensate leaves the condenser at 22'C and,

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the specific steam consumption of the plant is 4 kg of steam per kwh. Find :
i) Rankine efficiency
ii) Efficiency ratio of the plant.
4. a) Explain with diagram working of Jet condensers. 6\-l
b) The observations recorded during the trial on a steam condenser are given l

below :

Condenser vacuum = 685 mm of Hg

Barometer reading = 765 mm of Hg
Mean condenser temp. = 34"C
Hot well temperature = 28"C
Condensate formed per hour = 1750 kg
Circulating cooling water inlet temperature = 18"C
Circulating cooling water outlet temperature = 30"c
Quantity of cooling water = 1300 kg/min
Determine:
i) Condenser vacuum
ii) Vacuum efficiency
Under cooling of condenser. B
,iii)
SECTION _ II

5' a) What is the effect of friction on the flow through a steam nozzle? Explain with
thehelpofh-sdiagram.
b) Steam at a pressure of 10.5 bar and 0.95 dry is expanded through a convergent
divergent nozzle. The pressure of steam leaving the nozzle is 0.85 bar. Find
the velocity of steam at throat for maximum discharge take n = 1.135. Also
find the area at the exit and the steam discharge if throat area is 1.2 cm2.
Assume flow is isentropic and there are no friction losses.
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I-545
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6. a) Define the foltowing :

i) SPeed ratio
2) Blade velocitY coefficient
3) Diagram efficiencY
4) Stage efficiencY'
blading is 250 m/s and no zzle angle is
20"'
b) The blade speed of a single ring impulse
efficiency is 0'85' The blade
The heat drop in norrl"is 550 r..iltg andnoizle
t- discharge angle is 30' and machini.v"lopt l0
kW when consuming 360 kg
calculate :
of steam p", ho,rr. I)raw velooity diagram and
1) Axial thrustonblading
blading'
2) Heatequivalent per kg of steam due to friction of
as applicable to steam flowing
1. a) Describe the process and purpose of reheating
thtough a turbine.
b)Steamflowsintothenozz|eofimpulsereactionturbinestagefrombladesof
issues from the nozzle with
preceding stage with a velocity oi tOO n/s 1{
the gross stage
yelocity otZZ:Sm/s at an angle of ZO" to wheel plane' Calculate
efficiencY from following data :

IMeanblade velocitY = 180 m/s

0.9
a/ Expansion efficiency for nozzle and blades =
\- Carry-over factor fot nozzle and blades
0.9 -
0.26
De gree of reaction
8
Blade or'ttlet angle = 28'

B. Write notes on any threc of the following :

1) Pressure velocity compotlnded turbine

2) Turbine overhauling
3) By pass governing
L8
4) Multistage turbine.