STATED

Finally, for a fear to truly be a phobia, it must be recurring. That is, if the man on the
plane had flown before without incident and continued to use planes after this one panic attack
without experiencing further bouts of unreasonable fear, then he would not be said to be
suffering from a phobia. A true aviophobic could never contemplate flying in any form without
experiencing severe symptoms of acute nervousness. In this case, the man’s single onset of
severe panic would most likely be viewed as symptomatic of some other mental disorder,
perhaps brought on by unrelated stresses in his life. Obviously, the fact that phobias are
recurring fears, or rather, that they involve constant fear of the object of the phobia, should not
be taken to mean that the fear can never be overcome. A person who is suffering from a phobia
may, either through great effort of will, or, more likely, through a course of psychiatric
treatment, conquer his phobia and cease to be frightened of whatever it was he was formerly
afraid of.
1. According to the author, in paragraph 4, what might be one cause of a single instance of a
phobic-like episode?
a. Seeing plane crashes on the news
b. Watching too much violent television
c. Possessing a desire for public attention
d. Having too much stress in one’s life

Flutes have been around for quite some time, in all sorts of shapes and sizes and made
from a variety of materials. The oldest known flutes are about 20,000 years old; they were
made from hollowed-out bones with holes cut in them In addition to bone, older flutes were
often constructed from bamboo or hollowed-out wood. Today’s flutes are generally made of
metal, and in addition to the holes they have a complicated system of keys, levers, and pads.
The instrument belonging to well known flautist James Galway is not just made of any metal;
it is made of gold
2. According to the passage, the oldest flutes
a. had holes cut in them
b. were made of metal
c. were made 200,000 years ago
d. had a complicated set of levers and pads

3. The passage indicates that James Gaiway’s flute is made of

a. Bones
b. Bamboo
c. Wood
d. Gold

UNSTATED

In English, there are many different kinds of expressions that people use to give a
name to anything whose name is unknown or momentarily forgotten. The word gadget is one
such word. It was first used by British sailors in the 1850s and probably came from the French
word gachette, which was a small hook. In everyday use, the word has a more general meaning.
Other words are also used to give a name to something unnamed or unknown, and these words
tend to be somewhat imaginative. Some of the more commonly used expressions are a what-
d’ye-call-it, a whatsis, a thingamabob, a thingamajig, a doodad, or a doohickey.

1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as an expression for something
that is not known?
a. A what-is-it
b. A gadget
c. A thingamabob
d. A doohickey

The Florida Keys are a beautiful chain of almost 1,000 coral and limestone islands
These islands form an arc that heads first southwest and then west from the mainland. U.S.
Highway 1, called the Overseas Highway connects the main islands in the chain. On this
highway, it is necessary to cross 42 bridges over the ocean to cover the 159 miles from Miami
on the mainland, to Key West the farthest island on the highway and the southernmost city in
the United States.

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the Florida Keys?

a. The Florida Keys are a chain of islands.
b. The Florida Keys contain coral and limestone
c. The Florida Keys are in the shape of an arc.
d. The Florida Keys are not all inhabited.

3. Which of the following is NOT true about U.S. Highway 1?

a. It is also known as the Overseas Highway
b. It joins all of the islands in the Florida Keys.
c. It has more than 40 bridges
d. It connects Miami and Key West