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This chapter presents the related literatures and related studies that supports ye present
researchers study about the level of satisfaction of selected work immersion students in relation
Related Literatures
According to the study of Naseem and Salman (2015) that age, experience, salary and
cadre bring variation in the level of job satisfaction. While hygiene factors such as job security,
post retirement packages, suggestion system grievance system cause high job satisfaction. Age
is also positively related to organizational commitment means that the older employees will be
more committed to their organization as compare to the younger employees. Job satisfaction is
Relatively to the present study, there are factors that affect the performance of a certain
worker. First is age wherein if the worker feels something unfair and bias because of the age gap,
that might be the reason of low confidence. The experience and salary is the second because of
having less experience it did not meet the expectation and affect the performance of the
employee. Moreover, hygiene is one of the common factors of satisfaction. The worker feel that
he could not do his best because of his unaccepted hygiene but it is contrary when there’s not.
The commitment of the employee to the employer will be good enough as well as the level of their
their objectives in order to achieve their strategic aim and keep their competitive advantage, their
employees must perform at high levels. The person-job fit is important because it determines
whether or not the employee is well suited for the job, and whether the employee will be committed
and productive to the organization. Examining job performance as a concept can be done in a
number of ways including the ability of an employee to achieve their targets and organization
In relation to the present study, the ratings of the company is on the hand of the
employees. People sometimes think that meeting the objectives of the company is much better
to feel high level of satisfaction because you able to help the company increased the percentage
of their products or services as compare in enjoying and experiencing how does job flows and
works to every individual. To achieve that perception, it is important that the worker is well suited
to the job offers or he is sitting off and through that, worker will surely achieve high and proudly
performance.
In the study of European Journal of Business and Management, (2013) stated that it is
depends on staff’s satisfaction. Persons having high level of satisfaction hold positive attitude
towards his job while a person who is dissatisfied with his work hold negative attitudes about the
job even about the organization. It is factual that employee satisfaction is an innermost concern
excitement factors. Basic factors are the minimum requirements that cause dissatisfaction.
Excitement factors increase employee’s satisfaction and performance factors result in satisfaction
As attested above, for the other when they get high satisfaction from the staff of a particular
institution, they also feel high level of satisfaction. That might affect their attitude towards his job
and would able to do his work better or not. When they are everyday excited to do their work then
they will have good performance that may be the reason to a satisfying selves and happiness
around his environment. But when he did not feel any excitement, then he would be having a bad
mood and can’t able to deal with such aspects over his job.
According to Rosli et. Al. (2011), self-esteem affect the thinking process, emotions,
desires, values and goals of a person, developed when the acceptance of others and their
personal and group contributions are recognized and applauded, especially in a multi-culturally
diverse world, it is a key ingredient that affects the level of proficiency an all fields of endeavor. In
addition, self-esteem can also be developed by achieving great success and it can be maintained
by avoiding failures.
In relation to the present study, it is important to have self-esteem during work or even
outside. Without self-esteem you will not able to do your work as what it is expected. It is factual
that self-esteem can dearly affect the thinking process of an individual. If you have good self-
esteem, then you will achieve success but if you don’t have good self-esteem you will not achieve
the success. That’s the main ingredients we should have as a worker in order for us to contribute
something to the institution we are working for and for us to share with others that we are proud
and satisfied enough because we have self-esteem that helps us to be more competitive as
worker.
Related Studies
In the study of Liu, R. (2004), a man alienates himself because he alienates himself from
work. Performance and the working conditions precede satisfaction. In modern industrial
management, research has found that increased satisfaction has led to improved performance.
The continuing debate over whether performance precedes satisfaction or satisfaction precedes
performance has permeated the study of student satisfaction in the American Field.
As attested above, as a man feel that he is no longer belong to the environment or to the
institution, he will treat himself unfriendly. He will think that he can’t able to adopt such aspects
from the company he is working for that he will surely affect his performance. In deeper negative
result, that would have led to resign. Moreover, because he teats himself unfriendly he no longer
gains satisfaction.
According to Antaramian S. (2017), issued call for a broader definition of mental health
beyond just the absence of psychological symptoms. This movement has led to more widespread
recognition that complete mental health is characterized by not only a lack or problems or distress,
but also the presence of strengths and positive qualities that allow individuals to flourish and
thrive.
Health truly affect one’s action. If some has disease that might be the reason for him to
work not well. Because of illness, he can’t make himself focused on his work which can be result
in having low performance. He might even feel satisfied because he unable to do his work better.
This could lead to dealing with hard commitment between him, his work and environment.
According to How to be More Satisfied with your Life, (2017) there has a 5 steps that
should be keep in mind to increase life satisfaction and there are friends, have goals, have a life
In relation to the present study, students should also have steps to keep in mind in order
to gain satisfaction and good performance. Having friends at work can make students feel
accepted and confident, having goals can help them to have unforgettable memories during
training, money isn’t the answer explains that students should make job using their skills and
abilities and the last is keep growing to be more optimistic one. Through those steps, that would
constellation of closely related beliefs, perceptions, values, interests and actions. Motivation
within individuals tends to vary across subject areas and this domain specificity increases with
Relatively to the present study, if a person is well motivated, there’s a heart existing when
she was doing her job as well the willingness to do the other related or not related works. Because
of that, she will be having good beliefs and perceptions about work and its environment. A well-
motivated person surely having high level of performance because of attested reasons above.
Moreover, the level of satisfaction will also be high because of having good perceptions and
Research Methodology
This chapter presents the research design, respondents of the study, research instrument,
reliability and validity of the instrument, data gathering procedure/data collection and statistical
Research Design
This study will employ Quantitative Research. According to De Franzo (2011) in What’s
the Difference between Qualitative and Quantitative Research, it is used to quantify the problem
by the way of generating numerical data or data that can be transformed into usable statistics. It
is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviors and other defined variables-and generalize
results from a larger sample of population. Quantitative Research uses measurable data to
formulate facts and uncover patterns in research. Quantitative data collection methods are much
Relatively from the stated above, quantitative is a systematic observation and objective
that uses clearly defined research questions in either through survey, questionnaires, face to face
interview and systematic observation. In addition, it is in the form of numerical with large sample
size that can be replicable and possible for seeking such outcomes. Quantitative aims to identify
This study will further use descriptive correlational research. According to Given (2016),
descriptive research is any scientific process begins with description, based on observation of an
event or events from which theories may later be developed to explain the observations. In
psychology, techniques used to describe behavior include case studies, surveys, naturalistic
analyze or identify the possible outcomes of the study between the relationship from other variable
or subject. Moreover, it is very useful to determine what outcomes can be produce between single
or multiple subjects.
Relation to their Performance in BFAR aims to identify the relationship of the satisfaction to the
The respondents of the study are the selected senior high school of Doroteo S. Mendoza
Sr. Memorial National High School that went-through work immersion at Bureau of Fisheries and
Aquatic Resources (BFAR). The respondents of the study are obtained using complete
enumeration.
From the thirty (30) Work Immersion Trainees in BFAR, twenty-five (25)n are selected as
presented on Table 1.
Table 1
Respondents of the Study
Trainees specifically from the Grade 12: GAS-Tenacity. The selected students take their
specialized subject and spending eighty (80) hours of training in the Bureau of Fisheries and
Research Instrument
their performance in BFAR, the researcher will create self-made questionnaires with fifteen (15)
items (Appendix B) which are subdivided into three (3) parts mainly about field, office and lecture
activities. Each part is composed of five (5) questions as presented in the Table 2.
Table 2
Parts of the Questionnaire on the Level of Satisfaction of Selected Work Immersion
Students in Relation to their Performance in BFAR
The respondents will fill up the questionnaires that includes their name, age, grade level
and section but that will be optional just for their confidentiality and privacy. The respondents will
BFAR, a letter was issued upon the request of having the list of their performance from the
The numerical scale, range, verbal description and verbal interpretation for determining
the level of satisfaction of selected work immersion students in relation to their performance is
Table 3.1
Scaling and Quantification of Data for the Level of Satisfaction of Selected Work
Immersion Students
The table above shows the scaling and quantification of data for the first set of obtained
data. The numbers in the leftward side has the interpretations: number five (5) ranges 4.50-5.00
describe as always and means very high satisfaction, number four (4) ranges 3.50-4.49 describe
as frequent means high satisfaction, number three (3) ranges 2.50-3.49 described as sometimes
means moderately satisfaction, number two (2) ranges 1.50-2.49 described as rare means low
satisfaction and number one (1) ranges 1.00-1.49 as never means very low satisfaction.
“Always” means that the respondent reached high satisfaction that may be based on the
level of their performance or not. Likewise, for this study it indicates that the respondent had
“Frequent” means that the respondent reached enough satisfaction that may be based on
the level of their performance or not. Likewise, for this study it indicates that the respondent had
“Sometimes” means that the respondent reached somewhat high and somewhat low
satisfaction satisfaction that may be based on the level of their performance or not. Likewise, for
this study it indicates that the respondent had reached high satisfaction.
“Rare” means that the respondent reached low satisfaction that may be based on
the level of their performance or not. Likewise, it indicates that the respondent had reached low
satisfaction.
“Never” means that the respondent reached a very low satisfaction that may be based on
the level of their performance or not. Likewise, it indicates that the respondent had reached a very
low satisfaction.
On the other hand, for the second set of obtained data the grading scale, verbal description
and verbal interpretation from the report card will be used to determine their level of performance
The table above explains that the numbers in the leftward side has interpretations: grade
ranges 90-100 is described as outstanding means very high performance, grade ranges 85-89
described as very satisfactory means high performance, grade rages 80-84 described as
satisfactory means moderately high performance, grade ranges 75-79 described as fairly
satisfactory means low performance and grade ranges 74 below described as did not meet the
To ensure the reliability ad validity of the questionnaire the researchers will conduct a test
respondents that are not included I actual sample of the study. Test will be repeated again after
five (5) days. The test will be tabulated using Pearson’s r and if it was found reliable ad valid, the
Table 4
Reliability ad Validity Test Result
The process of data collection for this study starts by seeking approval to the authorized
school personnel specifically from the school head. Researchers will give a request letter with its
good objectives and benefits of this study to allow the distribution of the structured questionnaires
to the certain respondents from Doroteo S. Mendoza Sr. Memorial National High School.
The researchers will personally give and distribute the questionnaire to the selected work
immersion students and will entertain them if they have questions, clarifications and concerns
about the study. The researchers will observe also the respondents for documentation of the
study.
The respondents will answer the questionnaire which is in the checklist for using a check
mark to the level of satisfaction in terms of field, office and lecture. Furthermore, the answers of
the respondents have a corresponding legend in order to identify the level of satisfaction in relation
To father identify the level of performance od selected work immersion students, their
grades will be collected from the BFAR staff. On the other hand, the researchers will tabulate the
The researchers of this study will employ both descriptive and inferential statistics.
Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage and mean will be used to determine the level
of satisfaction of selected work immersion students when it comes to field, office and lecture
activities. In addition, it will be used also to identify the level of performance of the selected work
Moreover, inferential statistics specifically t-test for correlation will be used to distinguish
the relationship of satisfaction to the level of performance of selected work immersion students.