Abe Project

FINAL YEAR PROJECT REPORT ON STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF G+5 BUILDING MAY-2011
CHAPTER TWO
2. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF SLABS
2.1.DESIGN OF SOLID ROOF SLAB
INTRODUCTION: - Slabs are structural elements which are used as a floor

or a roof. Slabs may be supported all round by beams, or walls (solid slab), or
directly rested on column (flat slabs). Slabs may be designed as a two way–slab
if supported along all four edges with bending occurring in two direction
perpendicular to each other. If the ratio of the length of perpendicular sides
is greater than two, the slab may be assumed to act as a one way slab with bending
occurring in the short direction.
The depth of all panels of each slab was determined from deflection requirement
and checked for flexure & shear. The governing depth was taken by comparing
depth of each panel and the same depth of slab was employed for each
respective
floor for ease of construction. All the support and span moments are computed
as per EBCS-2 1995 for regularly supported slabs and reinforcement is
provided
using general design table 1-a. Typical panels of each slab from 1st to 4th floor
is shown on drawings below (see
fig.)
2.1.1 Depth determination

The minimum depths required for deflection for each panel was determined as
per
EBCS-2 1995 section 5.2.3 and the governing depth was employed for the slab
system on each floor using the formula. dmin= (.4+.6*fyk/400)Le/βa,
where,
fyk is the characteristic strength of the
reinforcement(Mpa)
Le is the effective span, and, for two way-slabs, the shorter span
Jimma university college of engineering and technology 3
Department of civil engineering
βa is the appropriate constant from table 5.1 and for slabs carrying partition
walls likely to crack βa < 150/Lo
Lo is the distance in meter b/n points of zero moments and for cantilever
twice
the length to the face of the support. For determination of Lo see the proofs
below
for both sides fixed and for propped cantilever support
conditions.

1 Depth determination
The depth of the slab should be uniform through the slab except cantilever for aesthetic purpose
𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝐿𝑒
dmin ≥ (0.4 + 0.4 400 ) 𝐵𝑎
Where :- S=300mpa (fyk)
C=25mpa(fck)
Le=Lx=shortest dimension
Panel 1
If Ly/Lx <2 it is two way slab
Ly/Lx=600/600=1 therefore, it is two way slab

Table – values of a
Member Simple End span Interior span cantilever
Beams 20 24 28 10
Slabs:
Span ratio 2:1 25 30 35 12
Span ratio 1:1 35 40 45 10

* For intermediate values – interpolation.
From the above table we have the value of a is 40 end span

𝐿𝑒
d ≥ 0.85( )
𝐵𝑎
600
d ≥ 0.85 ( ) = 12.75𝐶𝑚
40
d ≥ 12.75 cm
Panel 2
Thi is uniform span with the above span with a =45

600
d ≥ 0.85 ( ) = 11.33𝐶𝑚
45
d ≥ 11.33 cm

Panel 3
Its dimension is same with the above with a =40 and

600
d ≥ 0.85 ( ) = 12.75𝐶𝑚 d ≥ 12.75 cm
40
Panel 4
Its dimension is same with the above with a =40 and

600
d ≥ 0.85 ( ) = 12.75𝐶𝑚
40
d ≥ 12.75 cm
Panel 5
This span is also same with the above in dimension and it is fixed in all sides. It’s a is 45
600
So, d ≥ 0.85 ( 45 ) = 11.33𝐶𝑚
d ≥ 11.33 cm
Panel 6

This panel is fixed in three sides and free in one sides.so it’s a is 40 and depth d is
600
d ≥ 0.85 ( ) = 12.75𝐶𝑚
40
d ≥ 12.75 cm
Cantilever slab 1
Ly/Lx=180/98= 18.4>2, therefore, it is one way slab
98
d ≥ 0.85 ( ) = 8.33𝐶𝑚
10
d ≥ 8.33 cm

Cantilever slab 2
Ly/Lx=120/10.3= 11.65 >2, therefore, it is one way slab
103
d ≥ 0.85 ( ) = 8.755𝐶𝑚
1𝑜
d ≥ 8.755cm
Cantilever slab 3
Ly/Lx=600/90= 6.67 >2, therefore, it is one way slab
90
d ≥ 0.85 ( ) = 7.65𝐶𝑚
1𝑜
d ≥ 7.65cm
Panel 7
Ly/Lx=600/265= 2.26>2, therefore, it is one way slab
2.65
d ≥ 0.85 ( ) = 9.385𝐶𝑚
24
d ≥ 9.385cm
the governing depth for C1,C2,C3,S1,S2,S3,S4,S5,&S6 is equal to 12.75cm
d ≥ 12.75cm Take F=12
D=d + Cover + 12/2
=127.5+15+6
=148.5mm
Take D=160mm

Load on the slab

Self weight of the slab
GK= gc(b)(D)
Take D=160mm
Panel 1
a) due to self Wt = gc(b)(D) gc = 24KN/M3
=23(1)(0.16) =3.84KN/M2
b) due to plastering =g plastering = 23KN/M3
=23×(0.015)
=0.345KN/M2

C) cement screed gc=23KN/M3
=23 ×0.03
=0.69KN/M2
d) due to water proofing g =27KN/M3
=0.002 ×27
=0.054KN/M2
GK=( 3.84+0.345+0.69+0.054)KN/M2
=4.62KN/M2
Live load EBCS-1 1995
QK=0.5KN/M2
Pd=1.6Qk +1.3Gk
=1.6×0.3+1.3×4.62
=6.806KN/M2

Panel designing by strip method
ANALYSIS OF SLABS WITH IREGULAR SUPPORT CONDITION
The method analysis adopted hear for irregular support conditions was strip
method rather than yield line method.This was due to the reason that strip method
is a lower band approach based on satisfaction of equilibrium requirments
everywhere in the slab, it gives results on the safe side, and differences from
the true carrying capacity will never impair safety.It also has got a possibility that
the reinforcement can be calculated and be varied in a logical way leading to an
economical arrangement of steel as well as a safe design.it is also simple to apply.
Determination of depth for such slabs was determined as per the Design of treasures of
RCC Design (SUSHIL KUMAR) page 231
the panel can be designed using strip method analysis because EBCS do not provide
design aid for such type of panel.Design using strip method
Panel 5
in support on larger span

(wd=w=pd=design load)
W=6.806kn/m2
D=130mm
C=25mpa
Fyk=300mpa

Design the slab by strip method
{Minimum reinforcement is assumed to be in longer direction}
Along →{B-B}
ASMIN=rminbd
r min=0.5/fyk= 0.5/300=0.00167≈0.002
using F10 &concrete cover=15mm
d=130-15-10/2
= 110
Take b=1000mm
Amin=0.002×1000×110=220mm2
r=AS/bd=0.002
S=bas/AS = 1000×78.54/220=357mm
2 D  260mm
S max  
300mm
Provide F10 ,c/c 250mm
AS=bas/dmax=(1000×78.54)/250 =314.16mm2
Design strength
0.85 fck 0.85  0.8  25

fcd = =
c 1.5
Asw 314.6
ρw = = =0.00286
bw * d 1000110
m=fyd/0.8fcd

= (300/1.15)/(0.8×11.33)=28.78
Section capacity
Mu=0.8×b×d2×fcd×rm(1-0.4rm)
=(0.8×1000×1102×11.33×0.002×28.78)(1-0.4×0.002×28.78)
Mu=6312828.5×0.976976×10-6
=6.167 ≈ 6.2kn.m
Along strip A-A
Wx=(1+k2)w
Mys=WL2/12=(6.806×62)/12=20.42kn/m
Myf=WL2/24=(6.806×62)/24=10.209kn/m

Along strip B-B
WX=(1-k1)w
2
(1  k1 ) w  a
Mu = =10.72knm/m
24
6.2=((1-k1)6.806kn/m2×62)/24
=148.8=(1-k1)254.0
=0.607=1-k1
K1=0.393
Along strip C-C

K2=( k1(1-b)2-(2my2)/wb2)/b(2-b)
Take Mo=0
b3.25=0.7
b=0.215
Select mys
Mys=0.5(cantilever moment)
= 0.5(2.7×2.92/2) = 5.68knm/m ≈ 5.7kn/m
Bb = 0.7 b = 3.25 b=0.215
K2=( k1(1-b)2-(2my2)/wb2)/b(2-b)
=(0.393(1-0.215)2-(2×5.68)/(6.806×3.252))/0.215(2-0.215)
K2=0.219
K1=0.393
Strip C-C

2.7(2.55-x)-1.5×0.7=0
6.885-2.7x-1.05=0
X=2.16m
∑mo=0
Myf+2.7(2.55-x) ×(2.55-x)/2-1.5×0.7(2.55-x-0.7/2)
Substitute x=2.16
Myf+1.053×0.195-0.777
Myf = 0.572 ≈0.6kn/m
Strip c-c mys=5.68knm/m
Myf=0.6knm/m
Reinforcement
b= 1m , d=0.127m
𝑓𝑦𝑘 300
fyd = ( )=( ) = 260.87𝑚𝑝𝑎
1.15 1.15
𝑚𝑛 0.5 0.5
RN=( ) rmin=fyk=300=0.00167
bd2
𝑀𝑦𝑠 5.68
Rnys= bd2 = 1∗(0.11)2 = 469.42𝐾𝑛𝑚
𝑀𝑦𝑓 0.6
Rnyf= bd2 = 1∗(0.11)2 = 49.6𝐾𝑛𝑚
𝑓𝑦𝑑 260.87
m=0.8∗fcd = = 28.78
11.33
1 2𝑚𝑅𝑛
r= 𝑚 (1 − √(1 − )
𝑓𝑦𝑑
1 2∗28.78∗469.4
rys= 28.78 (1 − √(1 − )
260.87∗10 𝐸3
1
rys= 28.78 (1 − √(0.8964)
=0.00185

1 2∗28.78∗49.6
ryf= 28.78 (1 − √(1 − 260.87∗10 𝐸3)
1
ryf= 28.78 (1 − √(0.989)
ryf =0.0001916
ryf =0.0001916≥ r min=0.00167
As=rbd
Asys= rys bd
=0.00185x1000x110
=203.5
𝑏𝑎𝑠 1000×78.54
S= 𝐴𝑠 = = 385 ≈ 300
203.5
Provide F10 c/c 300
Asyf = rmin bd =Asmin
=0.00167×1000×110=183.7mm
By using F(8 mm) and its as is 50 mm2
Provide F8 c/c 250
𝑏𝑎𝑠 1000×50
S= 𝐴𝑠 = = 272 ≈ 250
183,7
Strip A-A strong bond

𝑤∗𝐿∗𝐿
Mxs = =20.42Knm
12
𝑤∗𝐿∗𝐿
Mxf = =10.21Knm
24
Reinforcement
Mxs=20.42Knm
Mxf=10.21Knm

Using F10mm ,d=150-15-5=110mm
Using F12mm ,d=150-15-6=109mm
b=700mm
𝑀𝑢
Rn = 𝑏𝑑
𝑀𝑥𝑠 20.42𝑘𝑛𝑚
Rnxs = 𝑏𝑑∗𝑑 = 0.7×0.11×0.11 = 2402.3𝐾𝑛𝑚
𝑀𝑥𝑓 10.21𝑘𝑛𝑚
Rnxf = 𝑏𝑑∗𝑑 = 0.7×0.109×0.109 = 1227.61𝐾𝑛𝑚
1 2𝑚𝑅𝑛
r= 𝑚 (1 − √(1 − )
𝑓𝑦𝑑
1 2∗28.78∗2402.3
rxs= 28.78 (1 − √(1 − )
260.87∗10 𝐸3
1
rxs= 28.78 (1 − √(0.46994)
=0.0109
1 2∗28.78∗1227.61
rxf= 28.78 (1 − √(1 − )
260.87∗10 𝐸3
1
rxf= 28.78 (1 − √(0.7291)
=0.00507
As=rbd
Asxs= rxs bd
=0.0109x700x110
=839.3 mm2
Using F 10 with it’s as=78.58 mm2
S= 𝑏𝑎𝑠 700∗78.54
= = = 65.5𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 839.3
Provide = F 10 c/c 40mm
Asxf= rxf bd

=0.00507x700x109
=386.84 mm2
Using F 12 with it’s as=113.1 mm2
S= 𝑏𝑎𝑠 700∗113.1
= = = 204.5𝑚𝑚
𝐴𝑠 386.84
Provide = F 12 c/c 180mm
Detailing

Fixed in two edge and free on two edge
Depth = 130mm
W= 6.08kn/m
C =25mpa
S =300mpa
𝐿𝑦
r=𝐿𝑥 ; wx=w-wy wx=6.675
𝑤
wy=1+r4 wy=0.131
r4
wx =w(1+r4)
where w is total load per squar meter
wx is portion of total load(w) carried by the slab along short span
wy is portion of total load(w) carried by the slab along span

Lx2
mx= wx Vx=wxLx=6.675×2.25=15.018
2
Ly2
my= wy Vy=Wy×LY=0.131×6=0.8
2
Solution
𝐿𝑦 6
r=𝐿𝑥 =2.25 =2.26
w=6.806kn/m
r4 (2.67)4
wx =w(1+r4)= 6.806(1+(2.26)4)=0.13Kn/m
Lx2 (2.25)2
mx= wx = 6.675 = 16.896Knm
2 2
Ly2 62
my= wy = 0.131 2 =2.36Knm
2
using ɸ12 D=130
d=130-15-6=109mm

Analysis
ANALYSIS OF SLABS
After computation of all the dead and live loads on all typical panels the design load
(Pd) and support and field moments were computed as per EBCS-1, 1995 table 1.a.
for those slabs that are regularly supported. where as for irregularly supported
slabs it was done using strip method. For the strip method "Desighn of concrete
structures, Arthur H. Nilson" was refered.See tables below.
Mi=αipdLd2
Pd=6.806Kn/m
𝐿𝑦
=6/6=1:1
𝐿𝑥
Lx=6
For s1,s2,s4 ,s5&s6
coefficient
αxs=0.032
αxf=0.024
αys=0.032
αyf=0.024

moment
Mxs=αxspdLx2
=0.032(6.806)62=7.84Kn/m
Mxf=αxfpdLx2
=0.024(6.806)(6)2=5.9knm/m
Mys=αyspdLx2
=0.032(6.806)62=7.84Kn/m
Myf=αyfpdLx2
=0.024(6.806)(6)2=5.9knm/m
𝐿𝑦 6
= =1
𝐿𝑥 6
Lx=6
Coefficient
αxs=0.039
αxf=0.029
αys=0.039
αyf=0.029
Moment
Mxs=αxspdLx2=0.039×6.608×62=9.55Knm/m
Mxf=αxfpdLx2=0.029×6.608×62=7.1Knm/m
Mys=αyspdLx2=0.039×6.608×62=9.55Knm/m
Myf=αyfpdLx2=0.029×6.608×62=7.1Knm/m
S7
𝐿𝑦 6
= =
𝐿𝑥 3
2≤ 2
Two way slab
By interpolation
Coefficient
αxs=0.093
αxf=0.07
αys=0.047
αyf=0.036
Moment
Mxs=αxspdLx2=0.093×6.608×62=22.8Knm/m
Mxf=αxfpdLx2=0.07×6.608×62=17.15Knm/m
Mys=αyspdLx2=0.047×6.608×62=11.51Knm/m
Myf=αyfpdLx2=0.036×6.608×62=8.82Knm/m

Cantilever
W=0.11×24=2.46kn/m2
P=0.11×24kn/m3×2.64
W=0.66kn/m2
Pd=1.3×0.66knm/m2
=0.86knm/m2
6.806  0.982
Mmax=
2
=4.11knm/m
V=WL+P
=6.806×0.98+0.86
=7.53kn
Cantilever 2
ɣhcb =14kn/m
1.79×14=25.05kn/m2
Gk=25.06×0.2
=5.012kn/m
6.806  2.25  2.25

Mmax= +5.012+2.25
2
=28.5knm/m

V=WL+P
=6.806×2.25+5.012
=20.32kn
Cantilever 3
6.806  0.9  0.9

Mmax= +0.86+0.9
2
=3.53knm/m
V=WL+P
=6.806×0.9+0.86=6.965kn

Moment adjustment

Support moment
Since there should be one moment at the support the differet moment shout be equalified
According to EBCS 2-1995
Between c1 & s1
Ms=4.11
Ml=7.84
Ms 7.84 - 4.11 3.73

= = =0.476≥0.2
l arg er 7.84 7.84
If need redistribution
1
Ksmall= =1.02
0.98
1
Klarge= =0.167
6
Ksmall + Klarge=1.187
0.167
Md large =7.84kn/m - ×3.73=7.315knm/m
1.187
1.02
Md small=4.11+ ×3.73=7.315knm/m
1.187
C1 and s5
9.55 - 4.11
=0.569≥0.2 need redistributed
9.55
1
. Ksmall= =1.02 Ktotal=1.187
0.98

1
Klarge= =0.167
6
0.167
Md large =9.55kn/m - ×5.14=8.83knm/m
1.187
1.02
Md lsmall=4.11knm/m+ ×5.14=8.83knm/m
1.187
Between c2 & s1
Ms=7.84
Ml=28.5
Ms 28.5 - 7.84 20.66

= = =0.725≥0.2
l arg er 28.5 28.5
If need redistribution
1
Ksmall= =0.444
2.25
1
Klarge= =0.167
6
0.167
Md large =28.5kn/m - ×20.66=22.85knm/m
0.611
0.444
0.611
S2 and S3
9.55 - 7.84
Md small =7.84knm/m ≤ 0.179 take the average
9.55
Md large=9.55knm/m
9.55 7.84
=8.695knm/m
2
M=8.695knm/m

Between S3 and S6 M=8.695knm/m
Between S4 and S7
Ml=20.42
Ms=11.54
Ms 20.42 - 11.54 8.88

= = =0.435≥0.2
l arg er 20.42 20.42
It need redistribution
1
Ksmall= =0.167
6
1
Klarge= =0.167
6
0.167
Md large =20.42kn/m - ×8.88=15.98knm/m
0.334
0.167
0.334
Between S5 and S4
Ml=20.42
Ms=16.9
Ms 20.42 - 16.9 3.52

= = =0.172≤0.2
l arg er 20.42 20.42
So take the average of the two
20.42 16.9
=18.66knm/m
2

Between S6 and S3
Ms=3.53
Ml=7.84
Ms 7.84 - 3.53 4.31

= = =0.55≥0.2
l arg er 7.84 7.84
1
Ksmall= =1.11 Ksmall + Klarge=1.277
0 .9
1
Klarge= =0.167
6
0.167
Md large =7.84kn/m - ×4.31=7.276knm/m
1.277
0.167
1,277
Between C5 and S4
Ms=2.36
Ml=7.84
Ms 7.84 - 2.36 5.58

= = =0.55≥0.2
l arg er 7.84 7.84
1
Klarge= =0.167 Ksmall + Klarge=0.611
6

1
Ksmall= =0.44
2.25
0.167
Md large =7.84kn/m - ×5.48=6.34knm/m
1.277
0.44
1,277
Between S5 and C4
Ms=5.7
Ml=7.84
Ms 7.84 - 5.4 2.14

= = =0.27≥0.2
l arg er 7.84 7.84
1
Klarge= =0.167 Ksmall + Klarge=0.611
6
1
Ksmall= =0.307
3.25
0.167
Md large =7.84kn/m - ×2.14=7.087knm/m
1.277
0.307
1,277
Between C6 and S7
Ml=22.8
Ms=7.84
Ms 22.8 - 7.84 14.96

= = =0.65≥0.2
l arg er 22.8 22.8
Ksmall=0.25 Ksmall + Klarge=0.417

Klarge=0.167
0.25
Md large =22.8kn/m - ×14.96=13.83knm/m
0.417
0.167
0.417
B - span moment adjustment
Span moment are adjested only in the direct in which support moment is decreased (reduced)
during balancing support moment.
ΔMxs=(mxs,larger)-( mxs,adjested)
ΔMys=(mys,larger)-( mys,adjested)
ΔMxf=CxΔ mxs +CxΔ mys
ΔMyf=CyΔ mxs +CyΔ mys
Ly/Lx=6/6=1
ΔMxs=7.84-7.315=0.525
ΔMys =28.5-22.85=5.65
Cx  0.28
Mx  
Cy  0.38

Cx  0.38
My  
Cy  0.28
ΔMxf= CxΔ mxs +CxΔ mys
=0.28×0.525+0.38×5.65=2.294
ΔMys= CyΔ mxs +CyΔ mys
=0.38×0.525+0.28×5.65=1.2815
Mxf=mx+Δ mxf
=5.9+2.294=8.2knm/m
Myf= my +Δ myf
=5.9+1.7815=7.6815knm/m
S3
Ly/Lx=6/6=1
ΔMxs=9.55-8.83=0.72
ΔMys=9.55-8.695=0.855
=0.28×0.72-0.38×0.855=0.5265
ΔMyf=CyΔ mxs +CyΔ mys
=(0.38)(0.72)+(0.28)(0.855)=0.513
ΔMxf= mx +Δ mxf
=7.1+0.5265=7.6265
Myf= my +Δ myf
=7.1+0.513=7.613knm/m
Mxf= mx +Δ mxf=7.1+0.5265=7.625knm/m
Ly/Lx=1
ΔMxs=9.55-8.695=0.855
ΔMys=7.84-7.276=0.564
ΔMxf=(0.38)(0.855)+(0.28)(0.564)
Cx  0.38 Cx  0.28

Mxs Mys
Cy  0.28 , Cy  0.38
ΔMyf=(0.28)(0.855)+(0.38)(0.564)
=0.454
Mxf=5.9+0.483=6.383knm/m
Myf=5.9+0.454=6.354knm/m
ΔMxs=22.8-13.83=8.82
ΔMys=20.42-15.98=4.44
=0.484×8.82+0.238×4.44=5.32
Cx  0.484
Mxs
Cy  0.248
Cx  0.28
Mys
Cy  0.055
ΔMyf=(0.248)(8.82)+(0.055)(4.44)
=2.43
Mxf=17.25+5.32=22.47knm/m
Myf=8.82+2.43=11.25knm/m
Ly/Lx=6/3.25=1.85≈1.9
ΔMxs=7.84-7.087=0.753
ΔMys=20.42-18.66=1.76
ΔMxf=(0.753)(0.258)+(0.481)(1.763)=1.0408
Cx  0.258 Cx  0.481

Mx  My 
Cy  0.6 Cy  0.6
ΔMyf=(0.6)(0.753)+(0.251)(1.76)
Mxf=0.6+1.041=0.625
Myf=10.2+0.8933=11.1

Reinforcement provision
𝐾𝑠𝑀𝑑
S= 1000
𝑑
Asmin=rmin bd b=1000mm=1m=> Asmin=1.67d;ɸ12
0.5
rmin=𝑓𝑦𝑘=0.00167
2D  2  160  320

Smax , midle  
350
2S max  2  320  640

Smax, edge  
400 Smax edge 400m
𝑚𝑑
Km =(√( ))/d
𝑏
Where b&d in meter
B=1m for slab case

𝑏𝑎𝑠
S=Asmin
Where b=1000
as is area of a single ɸ12

Md 2 d3 Km Ks 1 As Asmin Middle M spacing provided

spacing
1 8.2 139 20.6 3.98 3.61 232.13 320 ɸ12 c/c300
7.68 127 21.82 3.96 219.9 212.1 320 ɸ12 c/c 300
7.315 139 19.46 3.96 208.4 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c300
22.85 139 34.39 4.1 674.0 232.1 167 ɸ12c/c300
2 8.2 139 20.6 3.9 233.6 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c300

5.9 127 19.12 3.96 184 212.1 320 ɸ12c/c300
7.315 139 19.46 3.97 209 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c300
7.84 139 20.14 3.98 224.5 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c300
3 7.625 139 19.86 3.96 217.25 232.0 320 ɸ12c/c300

7.615 127 21.73 3.96 238.64 212.1 320 ɸ12c/c300
8.83 139 21.4 3.97 252.13 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c300
8.695 139 21.21 3.97 252.13 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c300
4 5.9 139 17.5 3.95 167.7 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c300

5.9 127 19.12 3.95 183.5 212.1 320 ɸ12c/c300
7.84 139 20.14 3.97 223.92 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c300
7.84 139 20.14 3.97 223.92 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c300
5 6.383 139 18.17 3.95 181.4 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c300

6.354 127 19.85 3.97 198.62 212.1 320 ɸ12c/c300
8.695 139 21.21 3.98 246.97 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c300
7.276 139 19.4 3.96 207.3 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c300
6 22.47 139 34.1 4.10 668.2 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c160

11.25 127 26.1 4.00 354.3 212.1 320 ɸ12c/c300
13.83 139 26.75 4.00 398.0 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c280
15.98 139 28.74 4.03 463.5 232.13 320 ɸ12c/c240

7 0.34 139 4.19 - 232.19 232.19 320 ɸ12c/c300

18.66 139 31.08 4.05 543.2 232.19 320 ɸ12c/c200
Asmin=rmin bd
=1000×0.00167×d
=1.67d
Check depth for flexure
Mmax=22.85knm/m
S=300mpa
C=25mpa
Concrete
1) ɣc=24kn/m2
2) classІ work
3) C=25 mpa
4) F.s =1.5
5) Fck=0.8×25=20mpa
6) Fck=o.21fck2/3=1.5mpa
0.85 fck
7) fcd = =11.33mpa
c
fctd=0.21fck2/3=1.031mpa
fyd
m=
0.8 fcd
=28.78
C1=2.5/m=0.0869
C2=0.32mfcd=3003

rmax=0.019
fyd=fyk/ɣs=260.87mpa
Check depth for flexure
a) Mmax=22.85knm/m
22.85∗10𝐸6
Dmin=√0.8∗1000∗11.33∗0.019∗28.78(1−0.4∗0.019∗28.78)
22.85∗10𝐸6
=√ 3872.3
=√5900.886
=76.81mm
D=76.81+15+7
=98.1≤160mm
Take D=100mm≤160mm
B,Check for shear
Vc=0.25*fctd*K1*K2*bw*d
Where ;- K1=(1+50ρ) ≤ 2
ρ=0.5/300=0.00167
K1=1.0835
K2=1.6-d≥1
=1.6-0.138

K2=1.461
Vc=0.25х1.0315 х1.0835 х1.46 х1000 х138
Vc =56.33kn> Vmax , OK!
So the section is adequate for shear.
K2=1.6-d ≥1 K1= ( 1+50𝜌) ≤ 2
= 1.6-0.138≥1 𝜌 =0.5/300=0.00167
1.461≥1 K1=1+50(0.00167 ) ≤ 2
K2=1.461 1.0835≤ 1
K1=1.0835
Load transfer to the beam
Vi=βi*Pd*Lx
Where Vi=characteristics shear forces per unit widith support
βi=coefficient
Lx=short span of the panel
Vx=βvx*Pd*Lx, where Pd =6.806kn/m2
Vy=βvy*Pd*Lx

Ly 6
= =1
Lx 6
Coeffiocents, βvx=0.33
βvy =0.33
Vx continuous = βvx*Pd*Lx,
=0.33*6.806*6
=13.47kn/m
Vy continuous = βvx*Pd*Lx,
=0.33*6.806*6
=13.47kn/m
Shear force for panel 1, 2, 4 and 5, 6 both same
that is Vx =13.47kn/m
Vy =13.47kn/m
Panel 3
Ly 6
= =1
Lx 6
Coeffiocents, βvxc=0.36
βvy c=0.36
βvy c=0.24
Vxc = βvxd*Pd*Lx,
=0.36*6.806*6 =14.70kn/m
Vyc =0.36*6.806*6 =14.7kn/m
Vyd =0.24*6.806*6 =9.8kn/m
Panel 7
Ly 6
= =2
Lx 3
Coeffiocents, βvxc=0.6
βvxd=0.4
βvy c=0.4
βvy d=0.26
Vxc =0.6*6.806*6 =24.50kn/m

Vxd =0.4*6.806*6 =16.33kn/m
Vyc =0.4*6.806*6 =16.33kn/m
Vyd =0.26*6.806*6 =10.62kn/m
Shear for strip Method

Panel C4
L11=3.25m
L2=6m
Ly 6
= = 1.846 and K1 = 0.393 , K2 = 0.219
Lx 3.25
Vxc = βvxd*Pd*Lx,
Vxc =K1wL1
=0.393*6.806*3.25 =8.7kn/m
Vyc =(1-K1)wL2/2
=(1-0.393)*6.806*6/2
=12.4kn/m

Vycd=(1+K2)wL2/2
=(1+0.219)*6.806*6/2
=15.95kn/m
The self weight of the beam curbs position

W=1.3(0.24*0.258*25) =1.95kn/m
Load transfer


2.2 . ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF3ND, 4rd AND 5th FLOOR SLAB
RIBBED SLAB
INTRODUCTION
The functions of the floors are mainly for bed room building with live
load of 2KN/m2 and corridors & balcony with live load of 4KN/m2. All
slabs are designed as ribbed slab rather than solid slab as the live load is
moderately light and the span are somewhat long. This makes the design
to be more economical.
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF JOISTS

It is clearly shown in fig above that the length of the joists in the panels
have variable length. There are many joists which need separate analysis
and design but this is very difficult task. Therefore; it is decided to
analyze one joist from each panel having different dimensions. The
reinforcement is provided at support and middle (span of joists). This
makes the design safer.
The analyses of joists are done manually. The bending moment diagram
and shear force diagram are shown in each joist design. The detail
procedure for the design of joists is shown at the first joist design and
the remaining joists are shown in table

Step 1
Depth determination
0.6𝑓𝑦𝑘
d≥ (0.4 + ) 𝑙𝑒/𝛽𝑎 ,using C-25 and S-300
400
0.6𝑓𝑦𝑘
d𝑚𝑖 = (0.4 + ) 𝑙𝑒/𝛽𝑎
400
=0.85 𝑙𝑒/𝛽𝑎
Table:- Determination of depth of joist for deflection requirement

joist Lx(mm) Ly(mm) Ly/ Lx 𝛽𝑎 dmin=0.85 𝑙𝑒/𝛽𝑎

1 6000 6000 1 28 182.14
2 6000 6000 1 28 182.14
3 6000 6000 1 28 182.14
4 3000 6000 12 24 106.25
5 3000 6000 2 24 106.25
6 980 19430 19.83 10 83.3
7 9150 1030 0.11 10 87.55
8 6000 400 0.067 10 34
9 2210 1050 0.5 10 89.25
10 3000 3110 1.04 10 255.0
The governing depth =255mm
D=d+cover+Ø/2 and use( ØL=14 and Øs=6mm)
D=255+15+14/2
D=277mm
Use D=300mm and
d=300-15-14/2=278mm
Check Dj
Dj 4*bw+Dt
300 4*80+50
300 370…….OK!
Assume the hollow block dimension is 400 200mm as shown in the figure below.

A=A1+3A2+2A3
=40*400+3*210*40+2*100*40=0.0492m2
 Requirement from [EBCS-21995 page 84]

 Thickness of slab (topping) Dt (1/12*clear distance b/n joists)
 Rib width bw=80mm>50mm
 Overall depth Dj 4*bw+thickness of slab (D𝑡)
 Rib spacing is generally less than 1m
Determination of thickness of topping
Hf=50mm or 400/10=40mm
=50mm

Dj=300mm
step 2
Loading
Calculation of loads
Materials used from EBCS
 Pvc tile floor finishing

 Granite tile floor finishing
 Marble floor finishing
 Non slippery ceramic tile floor finishing
Thickness of the slab contains
 5 cm marble
 30 cm ribbed slab
 2 cm plastering
Specific gravity of the materials is
γmarble= 27kn/m3
γceramic= 27kn/m3
γconcrete= 24kn/m3

1. Load of marble/ceramic=27kn/m3*0.05m*0.4m=0.54kn/m
2. Load of concrete topping =24*0.05*0.4=0.48kn/m

3. Load of joist(web topping)= γconcrete*tweb*d
=24*0.08*0.21
=0.403kn/m
4. Self weight of HCB= γHCB*AHCB=12kn/m3*0.049m2=0.5904kn/m
5. Load of plastering= γconcrete*wstrip*tplaster
=12kn/m3*0.02*0.4m2=0.184kn/m
1) Strip 1
For panel 1 and 2
Dead load=concrete topping +joist +plastering + marble + HCB
=0.48+0.4896+0.184+0.324+0.54+0.5904
=2.284 kN/m
Live load=2kn/m2(bed room in hotels) from EBCS 1- 1995
=2*0.4=0.8kN/m
Partition load = (γHCB*tpw*Lpw*hpw + γplastering*tplas*Lplas*hplas)/Astrip

=(14*0.2*4.3*2.8+23*0.05*4.3*2.80)/(6*6)
=1.321 kN/m2*0.4m
=0.5284 kN/m
Design load Pd=1.3DL+1.6LL
=1.3*(2.284+0.5284)+1.6*0.8

=4.936 kN/m
For panel 3 and 2
=0.48+0.4896+0.184+0.324+0.54+0.5904
=2.284 kn/m
=2*0.4=0.8kn/m

=(14*0.2*10.43*2.8+23*0.05*10.43*2.80)/(6*6)
=3.204 kn/m2*0.4m
=1.282 kN/m
=1.3*(2.284+1.282)+1.6*0.8
=5.916 kn/m
For panel 4 and 5
 Dead load=concrete topping +joist +plastering + marble + HCB
=0.48+0.4896+0.184+0.324+0.54+0.5904
=2.284 kn/m
Live load=4kn/m (balconies in hotels) from EBCS 1- 1995
=4*0.4=1.6 kn/m
Partition load=(14*0.15*4.78*2.8+23*0.05*4.78*2.80)/(3*6)
=2.42 kn/m2*0.4m
=0.968 kn/m

=1.3*(2.284+0.968)+1.6*1.6
=6.788 kn/m
For cantilever (C1)
DL=2.284kn/m
LL=5kn/m2(corroidor EBCS 1-1995)
=5*0.4kn/m

=(14*0.2*1.6*2.8+23*0.05*1.6*2.80)/(6*6)
=3.03 kn/m2*0.4m
=1.212 kn/m
=1.3*(2.284+1.212)+1.6*2
=7.745 kn/m

Analysis
2) Strip 2
i) For panel 1

=0.48+0.4896+0.184+0.324+0.54+0.5904
=2.284 kn/m
=2*0.4=0.8kn/m

=(14*0.2*4.3*2.8+23*0.05*4.3*2.80)/(6*6)
=1.321 kn/m2*0.4m
=0.5284 kn/m
=1.3*(2.284+0.5284)+1.6*0.8
=4.936 kn/m
ii) For cantilever
DL=2.284kn/m
LL=5kn/m2(corridor EBCS 1-1995)
=5*0.4=2kn/m

=(14*0.2*1.6*2.8+23*0.05*1.6*2.80)/(6*6)
=3.03 kn/m2*0.4m
=1.212 kn/m
=1.3*(2.284+1.212)+1.6*2
=7.745 kn/m
iii) For panel S6 (around)

DL=2.284kn/m
=5*0.4=2kn/m
Partition load = no
=1.3*(2.284+1.212)+1.6*2
=6.17 kn/m
Analysis:-
3) Strip 3
For panel 1

=0.48+0.4896+0.184+0.324+0.54+0.5904
=2.284 kn/m
=2*0.4=0.8kn/m

=(14*0.2*1.6*2.8+23*0.05*1.6*2.80)/(0.98*6)
=3.03 kn/m2*0.4m
=1.212kn/m
=1.3*(2.284+1.211)+1.6*2
=7.745 kn/m

Analysis:-
4) Cantilever 5(strip 4)
DL=2.284kn/m
=5*0.4=2kn/m

=(14*0.2*5.75*2.8+23*0.05*5.75*2.80)/(3.11*6)
=6.82 kn/m2*0.4m
=2.73 kn/m
=1.3*(2.284+2.73)+1.6*2
=9.72 kn/m
Analysis

5.Strip 5 ( cantilever C2)
DL=2.284kn/m
=5*0.4=2kn/m

=(14*0.2*9.15*2.8+23*0.05*9.15*2.80)/(9.05*6)
=10.74 kn/m2*0.4m
=4.30 kn/m
=1.3*(2.284+4.30)+1.6*2
=11.76 kn/m

Analysis:-
5) Strip6 ( cantilever C4)
DL=2.284kn/m
=5*0.4=2kn/m

=(14*0.2*4.41*2.8+23*0.05*4.41*2.80)/(1.05*6)
=21.02 kn/m2*0.4m
=8.41 kn/m

=1.3*(2.284+8.41)+1.6*2
=17.10 kn/m
Analysis
Design for flexure

Design constant
fcu=25,fck=fcu/1.25=25/1.25=20mpa
fcd=0.85fck/γc=11.33mpa
fctk=0.21fck2/3=1.55mpa
fyk=300mpa,fyd=fyk./γ=260.87mpa,
m=fyd/(0.8*fcd)=260.87(0.8*11.33)=28.78
c1=2.5/m=2.5/28.78=0.0869

c2=0.4fyd*m=0.4*260.87*28.78
=3003.13
k1=1+50ρ=1.50*0.0232=1.085
ρ= ρmax=0.6Єcu/( Єcu+ Єyd)
=0.6* 0.0035*11.33/(0.0035*260.87*260.87*200E-3)=0.019
1)Strip 1
Panel C 1
Md=3.72knm
D=√𝑀𝑠𝑑/(0.8𝜌𝑚 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑑 ∗ (1 − 0.4𝜌𝑚)) =109.6 mm<278mm OK!
4𝑀𝑑
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 𝑏∗𝑑∗𝑑∗𝐶2
=0.0024<ρmax=0.0174 OK!
As=ρbw*d=0.024*80*278=53.40mm2
Provide 2Ø10mm
Panel 1,2 :- Because the design moment is negative we design the T-beam as rectangular with
b=bw
d=√𝑀𝑠𝑑/(0.8𝜌𝑚 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑑 ∗ (1 − 0.4𝜌𝑚)) =248.76 mm<278mm OK!

4𝑀𝑑
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 𝑏∗𝑑∗𝑑∗𝐶2
=0.0142<ρmax=0.019
As=ρbw*d=0.0142*80*278=315.32mm2
Provide 3Ø12
Span reinforcement
Positive moment
It can be designed as rectangular or T-section which is governed by the location of neutral

axies.
𝐿𝑒 6000
𝑏𝑤 + = 80 + = 1280𝑚𝑚
Effective width be≤ { 5 5 }
𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 400
be=400mm
Assume initially the nutria axies is on the flange hence using b=be and flexural equation.
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝐶2)=0.00759
x=ρmd=0.00141*28.78*278=11.27mm< hf=50
As =ρbed=0.00141*400*278

=156.80 mm2
#Provide 2Ø12
Panel 2;3
Support moment
M=-13.22
4𝑀𝑑
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 −
𝑏∗𝑑∗𝑑∗𝐶2
=0.00915<ρmax=0.019
As=ρbw*d=0.00915*80*278=203.4 mm2
Provide 2Ø12
Span reinforcement
Md=10.22knm
𝐿𝑒 6000
𝑏𝑤 + = 80 + = 1280𝑚𝑚
be=400mm
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝐶2)=0.0013
x=ρmd=0.0013*28.78*278=10.3 mm< hf=50
As =ρbed=0.0013*400*278
=144.56 mm2
#Provide 2Ø10

Panel 4,5
Span reinforcement
Md=2.38knm
4𝑀𝑑
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 𝑏∗𝑑∗𝑑∗𝐶2
=0.0003<ρmax=0.019
As =ρbed=0.0003*400*278
=33.36 mm2
#Provide 2Ø10
Strip 1
Panel C1 the same as strip 1(panel 1)
Panel 1, 2 the same as strip 1(panel 1)
Panel 6
Support reinforcement
Md=-14.8 knm
4𝑀𝑑
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 𝑏∗𝑑∗𝑑∗𝐶2
=0.01<ρmax=0.019
As =ρbed=0.01*400*278
=222.40 mm2
#Provide 2Ø12
Spant reinforcement
Md=0.63knm
𝐿𝑒 6000
𝑏𝑤 + = 80 + = 1280𝑚𝑚
be=400mm
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝐶2)=0.0000781
x=ρmd=0.0000781*28.78*278=0.62 mm< hf=50
As =ρbed=0.0000781*400*278
=8.7 mm2
#Provide minimum reinforcement 1Ø10

Design for shear

Strip 1
Panel 1
D=300fctk2/3
d=300-(15+5) =280mm
7.59
=0.98/0.5=3.87KN
𝑉𝑑𝑟
0.21fctk2/3 0.21(20)2/3
fctd= = =1.032
𝛾𝑐 1.05
K1=1+50 ρ
ρ =80∗280
2∗78.5
=0.007
K1 = 1+(50*0.007) = 1.35 < 2------ok
K2 = 1.6 – d
= 0.25 fctdK1K2bwd
=0.25*1.032*1.35*1.32*80*280=10.3KN
Vd < Vc only required nominal (minimum) reinforcement
𝐴𝑦𝑓𝑦𝑘 2∗50∗300
S< = = 937.5mm
0.4𝑏𝑤 0.4∗80
# provide 8 ϕ c/c 900mm

Panel & 2
D = 300 ϕ12
d = 300-15-6
= 279 mm
From similarity
12/2.52 = Vdl / 3.001 =Vdr=15.074KN
K1=1+50 ρ
ρ = (3*113.1)/(80*279) = 0.015
= K1r = 1+ 50(0.015) = 1.75
K2 = 1.6 – d
= 1.6 – 0.279 = 1.321mm
K2 = 1.6 – d =1.321 mm
Vcr = Vct = 0.25 fctdK1K2bwd
=0.25*1.032*1.75*1.321*80*279=13.31KN
1) Vcl < Vcr
:- only required minimum (nominal ) reinforcement

𝐴𝑦𝑓𝑦𝑘 2∗50∗300
S< = = 937.5mm
0.4𝑏𝑤 0.4∗80
2) Vdr < Vcr

2/3 (limiting shear = Vrd)
Vrd = 0.25fcdbw*d
= 0.25*11.33*80*279 = 63.22KN
(2/3)*63.33 = 42.15 KN

0.5dmm
S max  
300mm
S = 136.5mm use S = 140mm

𝐴𝑦𝑑𝑓𝑦𝑑 2∗50∗260.87∗279
Vs = =
𝑆𝑚𝑎𝑥 140
= 52KN
VEXT= Vcr + Vs =13.31 + 52 = 65.31 KN
# provide 8ϕ c/c 140mm

Panel 3
ϕ = 10
D =300mm
d = 300-15-6 = 279mm
from similarity
K1=1+50 ρ
ρ = (3*113.1)/(80*279) = 0.01
= K1r = 1+ 50(0.01) = 1.5
K2 = 1.6 – d
= 1.6 – 0.279 = 1.321mm

18.84 𝑉𝑑𝑟
= 3.24 = 2.761
Vdh = 13.77 KN
Vcr= Vch = 0.25 fctdK1K2bwd
=0.25*1.032*1.5*1.321*80*279=11.41KN
Vdr > Vcr

Vrd = 0.25fcdbw*d
= 0.25*11.33*80*279 = 63.22KN
(2/3)*63.33 = 42.15 KN
0.5dmm  0.5 * 279  139.5
S max  
300mm
S = 136.5mm use S = 140mm

𝐴𝑦𝑑𝑓𝑦𝑑 2∗50∗260.87∗279
Vs = =
= 52KN
VEXT= Vcr + Vs =13.31 + 52 = 65.31 KN
Panel 4
ϕ = 10
D =300mm
d = 300-15-5 = 280mm
from similarity
K1=1+50 ρ
ρ = (78.54)/(80*280) = 0.0035
= K1r = 1+ 50(0.0035) = 1.175
K2 = 1.6 – d
= 1.6 – 0.28 = 1.32mm

14.59 𝑉𝑑𝑟
1) =
2.16 1.68
Vdl = 11.35 KN
5.77 𝑉𝑑𝑟
2) =
0.84 0.36
Vdr=2.5KN
=0.25*1.032*1.175*1.32*80*280=8.96KN
Vdr > Vcr

Vrd = 0.25fcdbw*d
= 0.25*11.33*80*280 = 63.45KN
(2/3)*63.45 = 42.3 KN
0.5dmm  0.5 * 280  140

S max  
300mm
S = 140mm use S = 140mm

𝐴𝑦𝑑𝑓𝑦𝑑 2∗50∗260.87∗280
Vs = =
= 52.174KN
VEXT= Vcr + Vs =8.96 + 52.174 = 61.134 KN

Vd < Vc only required nominal (minimum) reinforcement
𝐴𝑦𝑓𝑦𝑘 2∗50∗300
S< = = 937.5mm
0.4𝑏𝑤 0.4∗80

Strip 2
Panel 5, 1&2
ϕ = 12
D =300mm
d = 300-15-6 = 279mm
from similarity
K1=1+50 ρ
ρ = (3*113.1)/(80*279) = 0.015
= K1r = 1+ 50(0.015) = 1.76
K2 = 1.6 – d
= 1.6 – 0.279 = 1.321mm

12.65 𝑉𝑑𝑟
1) =
2.64 2.161
Vdl = 10.61 KN
16.65 𝑉𝑑𝑟
2) =
3.36 2.88
Vdr=2.5KN
=0.25*1.032*1.76*1.321*80*279=13.40KN
A) Vdl < Vcl only required nominal (minimum) reinforcement
𝐴𝑦𝑓𝑦𝑘 2∗50∗300
S< = = 937.5mm
0.4𝑏𝑤 0.4∗80

B) Vdr > Vcr

Vrd = 0.25fcdbw*d
= 0.25*11.33*80*279 = 63.22KN
(2/3)*63.45 = 42.15 KN
0.5dmm  0.5 * 279  139.5

S max  
300mm
S = 139.5mm use S = 140mm

𝐴𝑦𝑑𝑓𝑦𝑑 2∗50∗260.87∗279
Vs = =
= 52KN
VEXT= Vcr + Vs =13.4 + 52 = 65.4 KN

Panel 6
from similarity
K1=1+50 ρ
ρ = (3*113.1)/(80*279) = 0.01
= K1r = 1+ 50(0.01) = 1.51
K2 = 1.6 – d
= 1.6 – 0.279 = 1.321mm

13.9 𝑉𝑑𝑟
1) =
2.268 1.789
Vdl = 10.88 KN
5.64 𝑉𝑑𝑟
2) =
0.882 0.403
Vdr=2.6KN
=0.25*1.032*1.51*1.321*80*279=11.49KN
Vdl < Vcl &
Vdr > Vcr
only required nominal (minimum) reinforcement
𝐴𝑦𝑓𝑦𝑘 2∗50∗300
S≤ = = 937.5mm
0.4𝑏𝑤 0.4∗80


2.3.SECOND FLOOR SLAB
Step 1 Depth determination

𝑓𝑦𝑘 𝑙𝑒
d ≥ ( 0.4 + 0.6 400 ) 𝐵𝑎 ,using C-25 , S – 300
300 𝑙𝑒 𝑙𝑒
dmin= ( 0.4 + 0.6400 ) 𝐵𝑎 = 0.85𝐵𝑎
Table Determination depth of joists for deflection requirement
Joist Lx (mm) Ly ( mm) 𝐿𝑦 Ba 300 𝑙𝑒

dmin= ( 0.4+0.6 )
𝐿𝑥 400 𝐵𝑎
1 6000 6000 1 24 212.5

2 6000 6000 1 28 182.14
3 6000 6000 1 28 182.14
4 2650 6000 2.25 24 93.85
5 6000 6000 1 24 212.5
6 6000 6000 1 28 182.14
7 6000 6000 1 24 212.5
8 6000 6000 1 24 212.5
9 6000 6000 1 28 182.14
10 2300 6000 2.6 10 195.5
The governing depth , d=212.5 Assume rib spacing , S=400mm
But for safety d=278 width of rib bw =80mm
D = d + cover + ф/2 + ф s
300 𝑙𝑒 50mm
dj ≥ ( 0.4 + 0.6400 ) 𝐵𝑎 thick ness of topping hf = hf .> 
(1 / 12) * 400mm  33.33mm
hf = 50mm
𝑙𝑒
dj ≥ 𝐵𝑎
300 6000
dj ≥ ( 0.4 + 0.6400 ) 24

dj ≥ 212.5
dj = 278
assume ф 14 longitudinal reinforcement
Dj= 212.5 + 15 + 7
= 234.5mm ≈ 300mm
Take Dj = 300mm
Check depth of joists
Dj < 4*bw*Dt
Dj < 370mm
300mm ≤ 370mm ok!
Loading
→Floor finish tiles 𝛄 ceramic = 27KN/m3

-ceramic tile 𝛄 marble = 27KN/m3
-Marble
Floor finishing tiles
Ceramic tiles = 27KN/M3 *0.4m*0.05m ( 𝛄 ceramic*strip width *thickness of ceramic)

= 0.54KN/M
Marble tiles = 27KN/M *0.4m*0.05m ( 𝛄 marble*strip width *thickness of marble)

= 0.54KN/M
Concrete toping
Concrete at toping * strip width* 𝛄 concrete

0.04m * 0.4m * 24KN/M
=0.384KN/M
Joist web toping
𝛄 concrete*tweb*d
=24KN/M*0.08m*0.278
=0.407KN/M ≈ 0.5338 KN/M
Self weight HCB
= 𝛄 HCB * AHCB
=12*0.0494
=0.5904KN/M

Plastering = 𝛄 conc*wstrip*tplastering
=23*0.4*0.02 = 0.184KN/M
𝛄 HCB =12KN/M - - - - -for slabs

=14KN/M3 - - - -for partition wall
1) Strip
Panel 1
Dead load =concrete toping + joists + plastering + HCB + marble
= 0.384 + 0.5338 + 0.184 + 0.5904 + 0.54
= 2.232KN/m
Live load =5*0.4=2KN/M EBCS -1 1995 –pp -45 -46
=1.3Dl +1.6Ll
= 1.3*2.232 + 1.6*2
Pd=6.102 KN/M
Panel 2
Dead load =concrete toping + joists + plastering + HCB + ceramic
= 0.384 + 0.5338 + 0.184 + 0.5904 + 0.54
= 2.232KN/m
Live load =3KN/M2 ,3*0.4=1.2KN/M EBCS -1 1995 –pp -45 -46
=1.3Dl +1.6Ll
= 1.3*2.232 + 1.6*1.2
Pd=4.82KN/M
Panel 3
= 0.384 + 0.5338 + 0.184 + 0.5904 + 0.54

= 2.232 KN/m
=1.3Dl +1.6Ll
= 1.3*2.232 + 1.6*1.2
Pd=4.82KN/M
Panel 4
= 2.232 KN/m
=1.3Dl +1.6Ll
= 1.3*2.232 + 1.6*1.2
Pd=4.82KN/M
Strip 2
Panel 5
Dead load =concrete toping + joists + plastering + HCB + marble + partition wall
= 0.384 + 0.5338 + 0.184 + 0.5904 + 0.54 + 0.784
= 3.02 KN/m
Partition load =( HCB * Tpw * Lpw*hpw)/Astrip + (plastering * tplastering*lpw*hpw)/ Astrip
=1.2726 + 0.542
= 1.814KN/M*0.4M
=0.726KN/M
=1.3Dl +1.6Ll
= 1.3*3.2 + 1.6*1.2
Pd=5.85 KN/M

Panel 6
Dead load = 2.232KN/M
Live Load = 3KN/M2*0.4M=1.2KN/M EBCS 1 pp45-46
Pd =1.3DL + 1.6LL =1.3*2.232 +1.6*1.2
=4.822KN/M
Panel 7
= 1.22 + 0.52
= 1.74KN/M2*0.4M =0.696KN/M
Dead load =concrete toping + joists + plastering + HCB + ceramic tile + partition wall
= 0.384 + 0.5338 + 0.184 + 0.5904 + 0.54 + 0.69

= 2.92KN/M
Live Load = 3KN/M2*0.4M=1.2KN/M
Pd =1.3DL + 1.6LL =1.3*2.92 +1.6*1.2
=5.72KN/M
Panel 8
Dead load =concrete toping + joists + plastering + HCB + ceramic tile + partition wall
= 0.384 + 0.5338 + 0.184 + 0.5904 + 0.324 + 0.599

= 2.62 KN/M
=(1.05 + 0.44)KN/M2
Partition load = 1.49*0.4=0.599KN/M
Live Load = 2KN/M2*0.4M=0.8 KN/M EBCS 1 pp45-46

Pd =1.3DL + 1.6LL =1.3*2.62 +1.6*0.8

=5.81KN/M
Panel 9
Dead load= 2.23KN/M
Live Load = 3KN/M2 from EBCS 1 pp45-46
Live Load = 3KN/M2*0.4M=1.2 KN/M
Pd =1.3DL + 1.6LL =1.3*2.23 +1.6*1.2
=4.82KN/M
Panel 10
Dead load= 2.23KN/M
Live Load = 5KN/M2*0.4M=2 KN/M
Pd =1.3DL + 1.6LL =1.3*2.23 +1.6*2
=6.1 KN/M
Strip 4
Dead load = concrete toping + joists + plastering + HCB + ceramic tile + partition wall
= 0.384 + 0.5338 + 0.184 + 0.5904 + 0.54 + 0.73

= 2.96 KN/M
Partition load 1= (14 *0.1*3.5*2.8)/(2.36*6) +(23*0.03*3.5*2.8)/(2.36*6)

=0.99+0.82
=1.81KN/M2 * 0.4M =0.73KN/M

Pd =1.3DL + 1.6LL =1.3*2.93 +1.6*1.2
=5.77 KN/M
Cantilever 2 (c-2)
Dead load = concrete toping + joists + plastering + HCB + ceramic tile
= 0.384 + 0.5338 + 0.184 + 0.5904 + 0.54

= 2.23 KN/M

Pd =1.3DL + 1.6LL =1.3*2.23 +1.6*1.2
=4.82 KN/M

Design for shear and flexure

For material given ,design moment fcu=25
Fck=20mpa , fyk =300mpa

0.8∗20
Fcd=0.8𝑓𝑐𝑘
γc = 1.15
=11.33mpa
𝑓𝑦𝑘 300
Steel: fyd= γs = =260.87mpa
1.15
𝑓𝑦𝑑 260.87
m= = =28.78
0.8fcd 0.8∗11.33
2.5 2.5
C1=m= =0.0869
28.78
C2=0.32*m2*fcd
=0.32*28.782*11.33
=3003
ρ = ρmax=ℇcu+ℇyd/ℇs
0.6∗ℇcu 𝑓𝑐𝑑
fyd
Es=200Gpa=200*1000Mpa
Panel 1
ρmax =0.019
d=√𝑀𝑠𝑑/(0.8𝑝𝑚𝑏fcd(1 − 0.4pm)=
d=√(20.61 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))

d=257.94<278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)

P=0.0155<pmax=0.019
As=pbwd=0.0155*80*278 =344.72mm2
#provide 3ф 12

Span reinforcement
Positive moment
It can be designed as rectangular or T-section which is governed by location
Of neutral axis.
bw  a / 5  80  6000 / 5
Md=18.11 be
C / C  400mm
Be=400mm
Assume initially, the newtral axis is on the flange, hence b=be
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)

P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 18.11 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
X=pmd=0.0023*28.78*278=18.4
P=0.0023<pmax=0.019
As=pbwd=0.0023*80*278 =255.76m
#provide 2ф 12
Panel 2
a)for support moment 13.86KNM
d=√(13.86 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))

d=211.52 <278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 13.86 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.00966<pmax=0.019
As=pbwd=0.00966*80*278 =214.8m
#provide 2ф 12

b) for span
Msd=4.45KNM
d=√(4.45 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))
d=119.85mm <278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 4.45 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.006<pmax=0.019
X=pmd=0.006*28.78*278=48.00
0.8*4.8=3.84<hf----------------ok!
As=pbwd=0.006*80*278 =133.44mm2
#provide 2ф 10
Panel 3
Msd=-10.98KNM
d=√(10.98 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))
d=188mm <278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 10.98 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.0074<pmax=0.019
As=pbwd=0.0074*80*278 =164.56mm2
#provide 2ф 12
b) for span moment

Md=9.27KNM
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 9.27 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.0016<pmax=0.019
X=pmd=0.0016*28.78*278=12.8 ≤ hf ok!
As=pbwd=0.0016*80*278 =177.92mm2
#provide 2ф 12

Panel 4
Support moment Md=0.52
b=be=400mm
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 0.52 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.000645<pmax=0.019
X=pmd=0.000645*28.78*278=5
0.8x=4< hf ok!
As=pbwd=0.000645*400*278 =71.724mm2
#provide ф 10mm
Strip-2
Panel 1
Support moment Md=19
ρmax =0.019
d=√𝑀𝑠𝑑/(0.8𝑝𝑚𝑏fcd(1 − 0.4pm))=
d=√(19 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))
d=247.61mm <278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 19 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.014<pmax=0.019
As=pbwd=0.014*80*278 =311.36mm2
#provide 2ф14 mm
Span moment
Md=17.69
d=√𝑀𝑠𝑑/(0.8𝑝𝑚𝑏fcd(1 − 0.4pm)
d=√(17.69 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))
d=238.96mm <278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 17.69 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.0025<pmax=0.019
X=pmd=0.0025*28.78*278=20.0≤ hf ok!
0.8x ≤ hf
As=pbwd=0.0025*400*278 =278mm2
#provide 2ф 12mm

Panel 2
Support moment Md=-18.63
ρmax =0.019
d=√(18.63 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))
d=245.2mm <278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 18.63 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.0137<pmax=0.019
As=pbwd=0.0137*80*278 =289.12mm2
#provide 3ф 12mm
Span moment
Md=2.8KNM
d=√(2.8 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))
d=95.1mm <278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 2.8 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.000348<pmax=0.019
X=pmd=0.000348*28.78*278=2.78 ≤ hf ok!
0.8x ≤ hf
As=pbwd=0.000348*80*278 =289.12mm2
#provide 3ф 12
Panel 3
a) For support moment

#provide 2ф 12
b) For span reinforcement
Md =17.26
b = be
d = 238.69mm
P=0.0023 ≤ pmax=0.019
X=pmd=0.0023*28.78*278=18.4 ≤ hf ok!
As=pbwd=0.0023*80*278 =255.76mm2
#provide 2ф 12
Strip 3
Panel 1
Md= 21.02KN-M
Pmax=0.019
d=√(21.02 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))
d=260.48mm < 278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 21.02 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.016 < pmax = 0.019
As=pbwd=0.016*80*278 =355.84mm2
#provide 3ф 12
span reinforcement
Md=16.6KN-M
Pmax=0.019
d=√(16.6 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))
d=231.9mm < 278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 16.6 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.00211 < pmax = 0.019
X=pmd=0.00211*28.78*278=16.88 ≤ hf ok!
As=pbwd=0.00211*80*278 =234.63mm2
#provide 2ф 12
Panel 2
Support moment -9.21KN-M
d=√(9.21 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))
d=172.42mm < 278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 9.21 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.0061 < pmax = 0.019
As=pbwd=0.0061*80*278 =135.65mm2
#provide 2ф 10

Span reinforcement
Md=6.96KN-M
d=√(6.96 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))
d=149.89mm < 278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 6.96 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.00174 < pmax = 0.019
X=pmd=0.00174*28.78*278=13.42 ≤ hf ok!
0.8x<hf
As=pbwd=0.00174*80*278 =194.48mm2
#provide 2ф 10
Panel 3
-use 2ф14mm
Span reinforcement
Md=0.94
d=√(0.94 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))
d=55.08mm < 278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 𝑜. 94 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.0001 < pmax = 0.019
X=pmd=0.0001*28.78*278=0.8 ≤ hf ok!
0.8x<hf
As=pbwd=0.0001*80*278 =11.12mm2
#provide ф10 for minimum reinforcement

Strip -4
Panel -1
Md=-15.26KN-M
d=√(15.26 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))
d=221.7mm < 278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 15.26 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.0108 < pmax = 0.019
As=pbwd=0.0108*80*278 =240.2mm2
#provide 3ф 10
Panel 2
Md=12.75KN-M
d=√(12.75 ∗ 10E6)/(0.8 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78 ∗ 80 ∗ 11.33(1 − 0.4 ∗ 0.019 ∗ 28.78))
d=203.15mm < 278mm- - - -ok!
P=1/2(C1-√𝐶12 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏𝑤 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)
P=1/2(0.0869-√(0.0869)2 − 4 ∗ 12.75 ∗ 10𝐸6/(400 ∗ (278)2 ∗ 3003)
P=0.00879 < pmax = 0.019
As=pbwd=0.00879*80*278 =195.48mm2
#provide 2ф 12

Design for shear
Strip 1
Panel 1
Vc=0.25 fctdK1K2bwd
Fcu=25
𝑓𝑤 25
Fck= = 1.25 =20mpa
1.25
Fctk=0.21fck2/3=0.21*202/3=1.547
𝑓𝑐𝑡𝑘 1.547
fctd= = =1.032
γc 1.5
K1=1+50 ρ =1+50(0.0016) =1.08
K2 = 1.6 – d = 1.6-0.279=1.321
0.5 0.5
p= fyd=300=0.0016
−14.47 2.535
=2.535−(0.278+0.2)
x1
−14.67 2.535
= −2.057
X1
−14.6−2.057
Vd1 = =-11.9KN
2.535
Vd1=-11.9KN =Usd,A

21.74 3.465
=
Vd2 3.465−(0.278+0.2)
Vd2=18.74KN : Vsd B
Vrd = 0.25 fctdK1K2bwd
=0.25*1.032*1.08*1.322*80*278=8.1KN
Vdr > Vcr

Vrd = 0.25fcdbw*d
= 0.25*11.33*80*278 = 62.82KN
(2/3)*62.82 = 41.8 KN
vc <vd<2/3Vrd
8.1<18.74<41.88
0.5dmm  0.5 * 278  139

S max  
300mm
S = 139mm use ф 8c/c 130mm
Panel 2
−15.59 3.15
=3.15−(0.278+0.2)
Vd1
Vd1=13.22KN : Vsd A

13.57 2.85
=
Vd2 2.85−(0.278+0.2)
Vd2=11.29KN : Vsd B
Vrd = 0.25 fctdK1K2bwd
=0.25*1.032*1.08*1.322*80*278=8.1KN
Vdr > Vcr

Vrd = 0.25fcdbw*d
= 0.25*11.33*80*278 = 62.82KN
(2/3)*62.82 = 41.8 KN
vc <vd<2/3Vrd
8.1<13<41.88
0.5dmm  0.5 * 278  139

S max  
300mm
Panel 3
14.94 3.11
=3.11−(0.278+0.2)
Vd1
Vd1=12.64KN : Vsd A

13.96 2.89
=
Vd2 2.89−(0.278+0.2)
Vd2=11.65KN : Vsd B
Vc = 0.25 fctdK1K2bwd
=0.25*1.032*1.08*1.322*80*278=8.1KN
Vdr > Vcr

Vrd = 0.25fcdbw*d
= 0.25*11.33*80*278 = 62.82KN
(2/3)*62.82 = 41.8 KN
vc <vd<2/3Vrd
8.1<12.64<41.88
0.5dmm  0.5 * 278  139

S max  
300mm
Panel 4
Vc=8.1KN Vrd=62.82KN
−10.53 2.285
=2.285−(0.278+0.2)
Vd1
Vd1=8.34KN : Vsd A
−2.24 3.715
=3.715−(0.278+0.2)
Vd2
Vd2=1.95KN : Vsd B

vc <vd<2/3Vrd
8.1<8.34<41.88
0.5dmm  0.5 * 278  139

S max  
300mm
Strip 2
Panel 1
Vc=8.1KN Vrd=62.82KN, 2/3Vrd=41.88
vc <vd<2/3Vrd
8.1<8.34<41.88
20.61 3.39
=3.39−(0.278+0.2)
Vd1
Vd1=17.64KN : Vsd A
−14.31 2.61
=2.61−(0.278+0.2)
Vd2
Vd2=-11.68KN : Vsd B
0.5dmm  0.5 * 278  139

S max  
300mm

Panel 2
Vc=8.1KN Vrd=62.82KN, 2/3Vrd=41.88

vc <vd<2/3Vrd
8.1<12.27<41.88
−14.51 3.1
=3.1−(0.278+0.2)
Vd1
Vd1=12.27KN : Vsd A
14.41 2.9
=2.9−(0.278+0.2)
Vd2
Vd2=12.03KN : Vsd B
0.5dmm  0.5 * 278  139

S max  
300mm

Panel 3
Vc=8.1KN Vrd=62.82KN, 2/3Vrd=41.88
−14.51 3.1
=3.1−(0.278+0.2)
Vd1
Vd1=12.27KN : Vsd A
14.41 2.9
=2.9−(0.278+0.2)
Vd2
Vd1=12.03KN : Vsd B
vc <vd<2/3Vrd
8.1<12.27<41.88
0.5dmm  0.5 * 278  139

S max  
300mm

Panel 4
Vc=8.1KN Vrd=62.82KN, 2/3Vrd=41.88
−20.27 3.5
=3.5−(0.278+0.2)
Vd1
Vd1=17.5KN : Vsd A
14.05 2.5
=
Vd2 2.5−(0.278+0.2)
Vd2=11.36KN : Vsd B
vc <vd<2/3Vrd
8.1<17.5<41.88
0.5dmm  0.5 * 278  139

S max  
300mm

Strip 3
Panel 1
Vc=8.1KN Vrd=62.82KN, 2/3Vrd=41.88
−17.42 2.51
=2.51−(0.278+0.2)
Vd1
Vd1=14.1KN : Vsd A
26.36 3.49
=3.49−(0.278+0.2)
Vd2
Ud2=22.75KN : usd B
vc <vd<2/3Vrd
8.1<22.75<41.88
0.5dmm  0.5 * 278  139

S max  
300mm

Panel 2
Vc=8.1KN Vrd=62.82KN, 2/3Vrd=41.88
−21.36 3.5
=3.5−(0.278+0.2)
Vd1
Vd1=18.44KN : Vsd A
16.46 2.5
=2.5−(0.278+0.2)
Vd2
Ud2=13.31KN : usd B
vc <vd<2/3Vrd
8.1<18.44<41.88
0.5dmm  0.5 * 278  139

S max  
300mm

Panel 3
Vc=8.1KN Vrd=62.82KN, 2/3Vrd=41.88
−14.2 1.9
=1.9−(0.278+0.2)
Vd1
Vd1=10.63KN : Vsd A
8.56 4.1
=
Vd2 4.1−(0.278+0.2)
Vd2=7.56KN : Vsd B
vc <vd<2/3Vrd
8.1<10.63<41.88
0.5dmm  0.5 * 278  139

S max  
300mm

Strip 4
C1
Vc=8.1KN Vrd=62.82KN, 2/3Vrd=41.88
−13.27 2.3
=2.3−(0.278+0.2)
Vd
Vd=10.57KN
vc <vd<2/3Vrd
8.1<10.57<41.88
0.5dmm  0.5 * 278  139

S max  
300mm
C2
−11.086 2.3
=2.3−(0.278+0.2)
Vd
Vd=8.78KN

vc <vd<2/3Vrd
8.1<8.78<41.88
0.5dmm  0.5 * 278  139

S max  
300mm
Strip 1
Strip 2
Strip 3

Strip 4
Strip 5
Load transfer to beam

Partition wall
Axis D
Axis 1D beam 1,2

Partition load = 0.2*2.7*14*1.3=9.828KN/M
Self weight of the beam=0.3*0.5*24*1.3 =4.6KNm/M
Dl = 14.428KN/M
Axis 2D 2,3
Partition load= 0.15*2.7*14*1.3=7.37KN/M
Self weight of the beam = 0.3*0.5*24*1.3 =4.6KNm/M
DL 11.97KN/M
Axis 3D beam 3,4
Self weight of the beam =4.6KN/M
DL 11.97KN/M
Axis 4D beam 4,5
Self weight of the beam = 0.3*0.5*24*1.3 =4.6KNm/M
DL 14.51KN/M
Axis B
Axis B, beam 1,2
DL 14.51KN/M
Axis B beam3,4
Partition load= 0.15*2.7*14*1.3=7.37KN/M
DL 12.05KN/M
Axis A
Axis A beam 1,2
DL 14.51KN/M
Axis A,beam 3,4

DL 14.51KN/M
Axis 1, beam A’ ,A
DL 14.51KN/M
Axis 2, beam A,B
DL 14.51KN/M
Axis 2 beam C, D
DL 14.51KN/M
Axis 3 beam A, B
DL 14.51KN/M
Axis 4 beam A, B
DL 14.51KN/M
Axis 4, beamB, C

DL 14.51KN/M
Axis 4, beamC,D
DL 14.51KN/M
Design of toping
The toping is provided with mesh reinforcement. According to EBCS 2 specification unless
Calculation required for ribspasing larger than 1m . toping of slabs are provided with
reinforcement of 0.001b*tf in both direction for temperature and shrinkage problems or
0.008b*tf at right angle to the joist.
From this point area of mesh = 0.001*b*tf =0.001*1000*50=50mm2

𝑎𝑠 𝜋∗6∗6
S=bAs=1000* =565.2
50
use ф6c/c 565mm

Load transferred to beam

2.4.FIRST FLOOR SLAB DESIGN

Steep 1
Depth determination
0.6𝑓𝑦𝑘
400
0.6𝑓𝑦𝑘
d𝑚𝑖𝑛 = (0.4 + ) 𝑙𝑒/𝛽𝑎
400
=0.85 𝑙𝑒/𝛽𝑎
The following
determines the depth of joist for deflection requirement
The governing depth =212.5mm
D=d+cover+Ø/2 and use( ØL=14 and Øs=6mm)
D=212.5+15+14/2

D=250.14mm
Use D=300mm and d=300-15-14/2=278mm
Assume the hollow block dimension is 400×200mm as shown in the figure below.
A=A1+3A2+2A3
=40*400+3*210*40+2*100*40=0.0492m2
Requirement from EBCS-2 1995 page 84
Thickness of slab (topping) Dt≥(1/10*clear distance b/n joists)
Rib width bw=80mm>50mm
Overall depth Dj≥4*bw+thickness of slab (D𝑡)
Rib spacing is generally less than 1m
Determination of thickness of topping
Hf=50mm or 400/10=40mm
=50mm
Dj=300mm

STEP 2
Loading
Calculation of loads
Materials used from EBCS
 Pvc tile floor finishing

 Granite tile floor finishing
 Marble floor finishing
 Non slippery ceramic tile floor finishing
Thickness of the slab contains
 5 cm marble
 30 cm ribbed slab
 2 cm plastering
Specific gravity of the materials is
γmarble= 27kn/m3
γceramic= 27kn/m3
γconcrete= 24kn/m3
Load of marble/ceramic=27kn/m3*0.03m*0.4m=0.32kn/m
Load of concrete topping =24*0.05*0.4=0.48kn/m
Load of joist(web topping)= γconcrete*tweb*d
=24*0.08*0.21
=0.403kn/m
Self weight of HCB= γHCB*AHCB=12kn/m3*0.049m2=0.5904kn/m

Load of plastering= γconcrete*wstrip*tplaster
=23kn/m3*0.02*0.4m2=0.184kn/m
1) Strip 1
For panel 1
=0.48+0.403+0.184+0.324+0.5904
=1.9814kn/m
Live load=5kn/m2 from EBCS 1- 1995
=5*0.4=2kn/m

=(14*0.15*3.93*2.8+23*0.05*3.93*2.80)/(6*6)
=0.993kn/m2*0.4m
=0.397kn/m
=1.3*(1.981+0.397)+1.6*2
=6.29kn/m
For panel 2
 Dead load =1.981kn/m

 Live load=2kn/m
 Partition load=(γHCB*tpw*Lpw*hpw + γplastering*tplas*Lplas*hplas)/Astrip
14∗0.15∗4.07∗2.8 23∗0.05∗4.07∗2.8
= +
6∗6 6∗6
=1.03kn/m2*0.4m=0.41kn/m
=1.3*(1.981+0.41)+1.6*2
=6.31kn/m
For panel 3
=0.48+0.403+0.184+0.324+0.5904
=1.9814kn/m
 Live load=5*0.4=2kn/m
 Partition load=0 ( no Partition wall)
=1.3*(1.9814)+1.6*2
=5.77kn/m

2) Strip 2&3
I. For panel 4(ditto as panel 3)
Pd=5.77kn/m
II. For panel 5
Pd=5.77kn/m
3) Strip 4
i) Panel 9 &10 (Ditto as panel 3)
Pd=5.77kn/m

Strip 1

Strip 2 &3

Strip 4
Strip 5&6 (c1 &c2)

=0.48+0.403+0.184+0.324+0.5904
=1.9814kn/m
 Live load=5*0.4=2kn/m
 Partition load=0 ( no Partition wall)
=1.3*(1.9814)+1.6*2
=5.77kn/m
Design constant
fcu=25,fck=fcu/1.25=25/1.25=20mpa
fcd=0.85fck/γc=11.33mpa
fctk=0.21fck2/3=1.55mpa
fyk=300mpa,fyd=fyk./γ=260.87mpa,
m=fyd/(0.8*fcd)=260.87(0.8*11.33)=28.78
c1=2.5/m=2.5/28.78=0.0869
c2=0.4fyd*m=0.4*260.87*28.78

=3003.13
k1=1+50ρ=1+1.50*0.0232=1.085
k2=1.6-d=1.322
ρb=(0.8*ec/ec+es)fcd/fyd=0.0232
ρmax=0.75 ρb=0.75*0.0232
=0.019
Design for shear and flexure

Because the design moment is negative we design T_beam as rectangular with b=bw=400mm.
Design for flexure
For support reinforcment
d=√𝑀𝑠𝑑/(0.8𝜌𝑚 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑑 ∗ (1 − 0.4𝜌𝑚)) =261.6mm<278mm OK!
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)=0.0141<ρmax=0.019
As=ρbw*d=0.0141*80*278=313.58mm2

#Provide 2Ø14
Span reinforcement
𝐿𝑒 6000
𝑏𝑤 + = 80 + = 1280𝑚𝑚
be=400mm
Assume initially the nutral axis is on the flange hence using b=be and flexural equation.
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝐶2)=0.0219
X=pmd=17.52mm
0.8x=14.02<hf=50 ,it is rectangular as we assumed
As =ρbed=0.00315*400*278
=350.28 mm2
#Provide 2Ø14

Panel 2
4𝑀𝑑
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 𝑏∗𝑑∗𝑑∗𝐶2
=0.008505<ρmax=0.019
As=ρbw*d=0.014*80*278=235.76mm2
Provide 2Ø12

Span reinforcement
𝐿𝑒 6000
𝑏𝑤 + = 80 + = 1280𝑚𝑚
be=400mm
Assume initially the neutral axis is on the flange hence using b=be and flexural equation.
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝐶2)=0.006824
x= ρmd=13.54mm,0.8x<hf=50mm,it is rectangular as we assumed
As=ρbed=0.006824*400*278
=215 mm2
#Provide 2Ø12

Panel 3
Span reinforcement
𝐿𝑒 6000
𝑏𝑤 + = 80 + = 1280𝑚𝑚
be=400mm
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝐶2)
x= ρmd=8.6mm<hf=50mm,it is rectangular as we assumed
As=ρbed=163.44 mm2
#Provide 2Ø10

Strip 2&3
Panel 4&6
4𝑀𝑑
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 𝑏∗𝑑∗𝑑∗𝐶2
=0.010<ρmax=0.019
As=ρbw*d=235.76mm2
Provide 2Ø12

Span reinforcement
𝐿𝑒 6000
𝑏𝑤 + = 80 + = 1280𝑚𝑚
be=400mm
Assume initially the neutral axis is on the flange hence using b=be and flexural equation.
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝐶2)=0.0012
x= ρmd=9.6mm,0.8x=7.68<hf=50mm,it is rectangular as we assumed
As=ρbed=173 mm2
#Provide 2Ø10

Strip 4
Panel 8
d=√𝑀𝑠𝑑/(0.8𝜌𝑚 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑑 ∗ (1 − 0.4𝜌𝑚)) =92mm<278mm OK!
4𝑀𝑑
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 𝑏∗𝑑∗𝑑∗𝐶2
=0.0028<ρmax=0.019
As=ρbw*d=311.366mm2
Provide 2Ø14

Panel 9
d=√𝑀𝑠𝑑/(0.8𝜌𝑚 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑑 ∗ (1 − 0.4𝜌𝑚)) =75mm<278mm OK!
4𝑀𝑑
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 𝑏∗𝑑∗𝑑∗𝐶2
=0.00678>ρmax=0.019
As=ρbw*d=455mm2
Provide 2Ø14
Span reinforcement
𝐿𝑒 6000
𝑏𝑤 + = 80 + = 1280𝑚𝑚
be=400mm
Assume initially the nutria axis is on the flange hence using b=be and flexural equation.

ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 4𝑀𝑑/(𝑏 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝑑 ∗ 𝐶2)=0.00214
x= ρmd=17.18mm,0.8x=21.48mm<hf=50mm,it is rectangular as we assumed
As=ρbed=378mm2
#Provide 3Ø12
Strip 5&6
Cantilever 1&2
Support and span reinforcement
M=16.08knm
d2=√𝑀𝑠𝑑/(0.8𝜌𝑚 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑓𝑐𝑑 ∗ (1 − 0.4𝜌𝑚)) =82.61mm<278mm OK!
4𝑀𝑑
ρ=0.5(𝐶1 − √𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − 𝑏∗𝑑∗𝑑∗𝐶2
=0.0114<ρmax=0.0174 OK!
As=ρbw*d=254mm2
Provide 2Ø12
Design for shear

Strip 1
Panel 1
Vc=0.25*fctd*K1*K2*bw*d use column size 400mmx400mm
Where C/2=0.2m and d=0.278m
K1=1.0835 d+C/2=0.478m
K2=1.322
Vc=0.25х1.033 х1.0835 х1.322х1000 х278
Vc =8.238kn

14.77 2.35 22.97 3.65

= =
𝑉𝑑1 2.35−(0.278+0.2) 𝑉𝑑2 2.35−(0.278+0.2)
Vd1=8.25kn Vd2=19.96kn
Vd2> Vd1 ,so Vd= Vd2=19.96kn
If Vd> Vc, shear reinforcement is required
Vrd=0.25*fcd*bw*d
= 0.25*11.33*0.8*278
=62.83kn
2 2
Vrd = *62.83=41.88kn
3 3
Vc< Vd< Vrd
8.238< 19.96<62.83………………………….provided
0.5𝑑 = 0.5 ∗ 278 = 139𝑚𝑚

S≤ { }
300𝑚𝑚
Use S=130mm
#Provide Ø8 c/c 130mm

Panel 2
Vc=8.238kn
20.97 3.39 16.89 2.61

= =
𝑉𝑑1 2.912 𝑉𝑑2 2.132
Vd1=18.01kn Vd2=13.79kn
Vd1
Vd>[ ,Vd= Vd1=18.01kn
Vd2
Vrd=0.25*fcd*bw*d
= 0.25*11.33*0.8*278
=62.83kn
2 2
Vrd = *62.83=41.88kn
3 3
Vc< Vd< Vrd………………………….provided
0.5𝑑 = 139𝑚𝑚
S≤ { }
300𝑚𝑚
Use S=130mm

Panel 3
Vc=8.238kn
12.17 2.16 15.14 0.84

= =
𝑉𝑑1 1.682 𝑉𝑑2 0.362
Vd1=9.47kn Vd2=6.52kn
Vd= Vd1=9.47kn
Vrd=0.25*fcd*bw*d
= 0.25*11.33*0.8*278
=62.83kn
2 2
Vrd = *62.83=41.88kn
3 3
0.5𝑑 = 139𝑚𝑚
S≤ { }
300𝑚𝑚
Use S=130mm

Strip 2&3
Panel 4&6
Vc=8.238kn
14.29 1.53 20.34 4.47

= =
𝑉𝑑1 1.052 𝑉𝑑2 3.992
Vd1=9.82kn Vd2=18.16kn
Vrd=0.25*fcd*bw*d
= 0.25*11.33*0.8*278
=62.83kn
2 2
Vrd = *62.83=41.88kn
3 3
0.5𝑑 = 139𝑚𝑚
S≤ { }
300𝑚𝑚
Use S=130mm

Panel 5
Vc=8.238kn
12 2.08
=
𝑉𝑑 1.602
Vd=9.24+2.93=12.17kn
Vrd=0.25*fcd*bw*d
= 0.25*11.33*0.8*278
=62.83kn
2 2
Vrd = *62.83=41.88kn
3 3
0.5𝑑 = 139𝑚𝑚
S≤ { }
300𝑚𝑚
Use S=130mm

Strip 4
Panel 8
Vc=8.238kn
11.32 1.87
=
𝑉𝑑 1.392
Vd=8.43kn
Vrd=0.25*fcd*bw*d
= 0.25*11.33*0.8*278
=62.83kn
2 2
Vrd = *62.83=41.88kn
3 3
0.5𝑑 = 139𝑚𝑚
S≤ { }
300𝑚𝑚
Use S=130mm

Panel 9
Vc=8.238kn
15.91 2.87 18.71 3.13

= =
𝑉𝑑1 2.392 𝑉𝑑2 2.652
Vd1=13.26 kn Vd2=15.85 6kn
Vd1 = 13.26 kn
Vd>[ ,
Vd2 = 15.85 kn
Vd =15.85 kn
Vrd=0.25*fcd*bw*d
= 0.25*11.33*0.8*278
=62.83kn
2 2
Vrd = *62.83=41.88kn
3 3

0.5𝑑 = 139𝑚𝑚
S≤ { }
300𝑚𝑚
Use S=130mm
Panel 10
Vc=8.238kn
15.29 2.65
=
𝑉𝑑 2.172
Vd=2.172kn
Vrd=0.25*fcd*bw*d
= 0.25*11.33*0.8*278
=62.83kn
2 2
Vrd = *62.83=41.88kn
3 3
0.5𝑑 = 139𝑚𝑚
S≤ { }
300𝑚𝑚
Use S=130mm

Strip 5&6
Cantilever 1and 2
Vc=8.238kn
13.63 2.36
=
𝑉𝑑 1.882
Vd=10.86 kn
Vrd=0.25*fcd*bw*d
= 0.25*11.33*0.8*278
=62.83kn
2 2
Vrd = *62.83=41.88kn
3 3
0.5𝑑 = 139𝑚𝑚
S≤ { }
300𝑚𝑚
Use S=130mm

Load transfer to beam
AxisD, 1-3 Assume
Beam 300x500
Partition load=(0.2*2.5*14)*1.3=9.1kn/m Colume 500x500
Self weight of beam=1.3*0.3*0.5*24=4.68kn/m
DL=13.78 kn/m
AxisC, 1-2
Partition load=(0.2*2.5*14)*1.3=9.1kn/m
DL=13.78 kn/m
AxisC, 3-5
Partition load=(0.2*2.5*14)*1.3=9.1kn/m
DL=13.78 kn/m


2.5.GROUND FLOOR SLAB
Design of Slab
Cantilever depth determination
fyk=300 Mpa and C-25Mpa

0.6𝑓𝑦𝑘
400
0.6𝑓𝑦𝑘
d𝑚𝑖𝑛 = (0.4 + ) 𝑙𝑒/𝛽𝑎
400
=0.85 𝑙𝑒/𝛽𝑎
Panel 1(C1)
Ly/Lx=6/2.36=2.54>2,it is one way slab
d ≥0.85 𝑙𝑒/𝛽𝑎
0.85∗180
d≥ = 12.75cm
12

Panel 2 (C2)
d ≥0.85 𝑙𝑒/𝛽𝑎
0.85∗180
d≥ = 12.75cm
12
Panel 3 (C3)
d ≥0.85 𝑙𝑒/𝛽𝑎
0.85∗180
d≥ = 12.75cm
12
therefore d=12.75cm

D=d+15+Ø/2
D=127.5+15+7=149.5mm
D=150mm
Load on cantilever slab
A) Self weight of RC slab
D=0.15m and γc=24kn/m3
W= γc*0.15=24*0.15=3.6kn/m3
B) Load due to partition wall γHCB=14kn/m2
H=2.85
L=2.16m*3=6.48m
Gk=WHCB= γHCB*thickness of HCB*length

=14*0.2*2.85*6.48
=51.71kn
Distribution over the panel area
A=W*L=2.16*18=38.88
Distribution load=51.71/38.88=1.33kn/m2
C) Due to plastering of partition wall(both sides)
γplas=23kn/m3
Gk= γplas*t*v ,where, t=3cm on both sides
Gk=23*0.03*2.85*6.48=12.74kn
Distribution load=12.74kn /38.88 =0.33kn/m2
D) Due to cement screed

γplas=23kn/m3
γs=23kn/m3
Gk= γs*t ,where, t=4cm
Gk=23*0.04=0.92 kn/m2
E) Due to floor finish
γppc =16kn/m3
Gk= γppc*t ,where, t=2cm
Gk=23*0.02 =0.032 kn/m2
Dead load
 Self weight of RC slab=3.6kn/m3
 partition wall =1.33kn/m2
 plastering of partition wall=0.33kn/m2
 cement screed=0.92 kn/m2
 floor finish=0.032 kn/m2
Total load =6.212 kn/m2

Live load
According to EBCS 1 page 45-46

C5 access area, live load =5kn/m2
Pd=1.3DL+LL
Pd=1.3*6.212+1.6*5=16.075kn/m2
Mi = αi* Pd*Lx 2

Panel 1(C1)
Ly/Lx=6/2.36=2.54
α
Moment coefficient from EBCS table , =0.2
M= 16.075*0.5*2.36 2 +7.90*2.36
M=63.59Knm
V=W*L+P
V=16.075*2.36+7.96=45.92kn/m

On Axis A ,B/n 1-4

Self weight of beam, Assume 400mmx300mm
 Self weight of beam=1.3*0.4*0.3*25=3.9kn/m

 Weight of plaster=1.3*23*0.03*2.85=2.55kn/m
 Weight of HCB partition wall =1.3*14*0.2*2.85=10.374kn/m, where H=2.85m
Total load=3.9+10.374=14.274kn/m
On axis C b/n 1-4
Load on cantilever slab
A. Self weight of RC slab
D=0.15m and γc=24kn/m3
W= γc*0.15=24*0.15=3.6kn/m3
B)Load due to partition wall γHCB=14kn/m2
H=2.85
L=2.16m*3=6.48m
Gk=WHCB= γHCB*thickness of HCB*length

=14*0.2*2.85*6.48
=51.71kn

Distribution over the panel area
A=W*L=2.16*18=38.88
Distribution load=51.71/38.88=1.33kn/m2
C)Due to plastering of partition wall(both sides)
γplas=23kn/m3
Gk= γplas*t*v ,where, t=3cm on both sides
Gk=23*0.03*2.85*6.48=12.74kn
Distribution load=12.74kn /38.88 =0.33kn/m2
D)Due to cement screed
γplas=23kn/m3
γs=23kn/m3
Gk= γs*t ,where, t=4cm
Gk=23*0.04=0.92 kn/m2
E)Due to floor finish
γppc =16kn/m3
Gk= γppc*t ,where, t=2cm
Gk=23*0.02 =0.032 kn/m2
4 Dead load
 Self weight of RC slab=3.6kn/m3
 partition wall =1.33kn/m2
 plastering of partition wall=0.33kn/m2
 cement screed=0.92 kn/m2

 floor finish=0.032 kn/m2
Total load =6.212 kn/m2

Live load
According to EBCS 1 page 45-46
C5 -access area, live load =5kn/m2

Pd=1.3DL+LL
Pd=1.3*6.212+1.6*5=16.075kn/m2
Mi = αi* Pd*Lx 2
Panel 1(C1)
d ≥0.85 𝑙𝑒/𝛽𝑎
0.85∗180
d≥ = 12.75cm
12

CHAPTER THREE
3. DESIGN OF STAIR CASE
3.1. Design of stair case 1
steps followed in designing stair case are

.modeling typical stairs
.Load calculation (due to self weight) on landings &
steps
.Determination of live load (EBCS1-1995)
.Analysis & design(reinforcement
provision)
.Lay out and quantity calculation for concrete &
reinforcement
3.1.1. Modeling the

staircase
In modeling the staircase the part that's supported on the ground
and the
landing part was assumed to be hinged support and the one
which is
monoletically casted with the slab was assumed to be fixed.
3.1.2. Load
calculations
The self weight of the stair both on the inclined and the level portion
was
determined accordingly. Live loads on stairs was taken from
EBCS-1 1995.

Stair case 1
Modeling
Namber of raising =number of going +1
By taking raising =15cm and thread=30cm
Namber of raising =(1.5m/0.15)=10
Namber of thread =10-1=9

Angle of inclination
Tanө=1.5/2.82=0.53
Ө=27.92
Depth for deflection
D=Le=8250,βa=24(edge)
D=0.85Le/ βa =0.85*8250/24 =292mm
D=d+cover+ Ө/2
D=292+25+7=324mm
Take D=325mm
d=325-25-7=293mm
d=293mm

Loading
Dead load
1) Inclined part
Steps
-Weight of concrete
=thickness*length*unit weight/cosө=0.325*1.27*25/cos27.92
=12.19kn/m
- Weight of plastering
= thickness*length*unit weight/cosө=0.02*1.27*23/cos27.92
=0.78kn/m
- Weight of steps
=0.5*rise/width*unit weight
=0.5*0.15*1.27*25=2.3812kn/m
- Marble finish
=((rise+going)*thickness*no*unit weight)/length of inclined part
=((0.15+0.3)*0.03*1.27*9*27)/2.82
= 1.50kn/m
Total dead load for inclined part=12.19+0.78+2.381+1.5
=16.851kn/m
2/landing
Concrete =depth*width*unit weight
=0.325*1.27*25=10.32kn/m
Plastering= depth*width*unit weight
=0.02*1.27*23

=0.584kn/m
Marble= depth*width*unit weight
=0.03*1.27*23=0.8763kn/m
Total dead load for landing=11.783kn/m
Live load
Live load =qk+Q*width/area, From EBCS-1995 take qk =3kn/m, q=2kn/m2
=3+2*1.27/(1.27*8.2)
=3.24kn/m
Design load
Pd1=1.3DL+1.6LL
=1.3*16.85+1.6*3.24
=27.1kn/m
Pd2=1.3*11.783+1.6*3.24
=20.5kn/m
Analysis & design ( reinforcement provision) of the staircase

The analysis was done by ETABS2009.i.e the span & support
moments & shear values are taken from ETABS 2009 output.
and it was checked for flexure & shear resistance.Reinforcement
provision was done as per general desigm table 1-a
Using concrete class C-25 and steel S-300, Asmin=0.5*b*d/fyk
fyk=300Mpa S=b*as/Asprov.
fck=25/1.25=20Mpa Smax=2D
fcd=.85*fck/1.5=11.33Mpa Vc=0.25*fctd*K1*K2*b*d
fyd=fyk/1.15=260.87Mpa K1=1+50ρmax<2.0
ρmax=0.6Ecu/(Ecu+Eyd)*(fcd/fyd)=.019 K2=1.6-d
dmin=√Mmax*10^6/(0.8*b*fcd*ρmax*m(1-0.4*ρmax*m)) m=fyd/0.8*fcd=28.78
Km=(√M)/b/d c1=2.5/m=0.0869

As=KsM/d c2=0.32m2*fcd=3003Mpa
M at support B =77.06knm
M at span Ba=42.10knm
Chek depth b=1.27m,d=3.03mm,fcd=11.33Mpa
Fyd=260.87Mpa.m=28.78
4𝑀𝑑
ρ=0.5(C1-√𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − (𝑏𝑑∗𝑑∗𝐶2) ) rmax=0.75rb
C1=2.5/m=2.5/28.78=0.087,b=1000mm
C2=0.32m2*fcdType equation here.=3003
4∗77.06∗10𝐸6
ρ =0.5(0.087-√0.087 ∗ 0.087 − 1000∗293∗293∗3003) )

=0.00358
ρ max=0.019
77.06∗10𝐸6
ρmin =√1000∗0.8∗11.33∗0.019∗28.78(1−0.4∗0.019∗28.78)
=284.6≤303 OK!
Check for shear
Where
K1=1.0835
K2=1.461
Vc=0.25х1.0315 х1.0835 х1.307х1000 х293
Vc =106kn> Vmax =81.21kn, OK!
Reinforcement providing at support

Mmax=87.8knm
Km=√𝑀𝑑(𝑘𝑛𝑚)/𝑏(𝑚)/d(mm)
Km=√77.06/1.27/0.293
Km=26.4
Ks=4.03
As=Ks*Md*1000/d=4.03*77.06*1000/293=1059.9mm2
Spacing=asb/As=1270*153.89/1059.9=184.4mm
So takeØ14 bars
as∗b
= 153.89 ∗ 1270/506.01
Asmin
Smax≤ { 2 ∗ 𝑑 = 606 }
350𝑚𝑚

So 350>187.34mm
So, Provide Ø14 c/c180mm
Reinforcement providing at span

Mmax=47.68knm
Km=√42.18/1.27/0.293
Km=19.65
Ks=3.96
As=568.99 mm2
Spacing=asb/As=1270*113.10/568.99=252.5mm
Provide Ø12 c/c250mm
Reinforcement at the other support
Mmax=51.89knm
Km=√51.89/1.27/0.293
Km=21.8
Ks=3.96
As=644.1mm2
Provide Ø12 c/c200mm

Detailing

3.2. DESIGN OF STAIR CASE 2
Modeling
Namber of raising =number of going +1
By taking raising =15cm and thread=30cm

Namber of raising =(1.5m/0.15)=10
Namber of thread =10-1=9
Tanө=1.5/2.9=0.5172
Ө=27.35
Depth for deflection
D=Le=7.65m,βa=24(edge)
D=0.85Le/ βa =0.85*7650/24 =270mm
D=d+cover+ Ө/2
D=270+25+7=300mm
Take D=300mm
d=325-25-7=268mm
d=268mm

Loading
Dead load
1) Inclined part
Steps
-Weight of concrete
=thickness*length*unit weight/cosө=0.3*1.28*25/cos27.35
=10.81kn/m
- Weight of plastering
= thickness*length*unit weight/cosө=0.02*1.28*23/cos27.35
=0.663kn/m
- Weight of steps
=0.5*rise/width*unit weight
=0.5*0.15*1.28*25=2.4kn/m
- Marble finish
= (rise+going)*thickness*noo*unit weight/length of inclined part
= (0.15+0.3)*0.03*1.28*9*27/2.9
= 1.45kn/m
Total dead load for inclined part=10.81+0.663+2.4+1.45
=15.523kn/m
2/landing
Concrete =depth*width*unit weight
=0.325*1.28*25=9.6kn/m

Plastering= depth*width*unit weight
=0.03*1.28*23=0.883kn/m
Marble= depth*width*unit weight
=0.03*1.28*23=0.876kn/m
Total dead load for landing=11.36kn/m
Live load
Live load =qk+Q*widith/area, From EBCS-1995 take qk =3kn/m,q=2kn/m2
=3+2*1.27/(1.28*8.2)
=3.26kn/m
Design load
Pd1=1.3DL+1.6LL
=1.3*15.54+1.6*3.26
=225.4kn/m
Pd2=1.3*11.36+1.6*3.24
=19.98kn/m

M at support B =84.34knm
M at support A=27.20knm
M at span AB=49.29knm
Chek depth b=1.28m,d=268mm,fcd=11.33Mpa
Fyd=260.87Mpa.and m=28.78
4𝑀𝑑
ρ=0.5(C1-√𝐶1 ∗ 𝐶1 − )≤rmax=0.75rb
(𝑏𝑑∗𝑑∗𝐶2)
C1=2.5/m=2.5/28.78=0.087,b=1000mm
C2=0.32m2*fcd=3003
4∗84.34∗10𝐸6
ρ =0.5(0.087-√0.087 ∗ 0.087 − )
1000∗265∗265∗3003)

ρ =0.00475< ρ max=0.19 OK!
84.34∗10𝐸6
ρmin =√
1000∗0.8∗11.33∗0.019∗28.78(1−0.4∗0.019∗28.78)
ρmin =147.66≤268 OK!
Check for shear
Where
K1=1.0835
K2=1.6-0.268=1.332>1
Vc=0.25х1.0315 х1.332 х1.0835х1000 х263
Vc =99.74kn> Vmax =84.34kn, OK!
Reinforcement providing at support A

Mmax=13.55knm
Km=√𝑀𝑑(𝑘𝑛𝑚)/𝑏(𝑚)/d(mm)
Km=√27.2/1.28/0.268
Km=17.20
Ks=is less than the minimum value, so provide minimum area
Asmin=1.67d=1.67*268=447.50mm2
Spacing=asb/As=1280*78.54/447.5=224.65mm
So use Ø10bars
So, Provide Ø10 c/c200mm

Reinforcement providing at support B

Mmax=96.25knm
Km=√𝑀𝑑(𝑘𝑁𝑀)/𝑏(𝑚)/d(mm)
Km=√84.34/1.28/0.268
Km=30.24
Ks=4.05
As =Ks*Md**1000/d =4.05*84.34*1000/268=1275.2mm2
Spacing=asb/As=1280*153.94/1275.2=154.47mm
use Ø14bars
So, Provide Ø14c/c150mm and number of bars are 11
Reinforcement providing at span AB

Mmax=53.73nm
Km=√49.29/1.28/0.268
Km=23.1
Ks=3.97
As=730.15 mm2
Spacing=asb/As=1280*113.10/730.15=198.3mm
Provide Ø12 c/c190mm, No of bars is 8

Detailing

CHAPTER FOUR
4. LATERAL LOAD ANALYSIS
4.1. DETERMINATION OF CENTER OF STIFFNESS

The center of stiffness was determined using D value method by considering
lateral stiffness of the frame elements along x and y direction respectively.
the sections of the grade beam and all interior beams are assumed to be
500*300mm(depth & width) and the column of footing section was assumed
to be 500*500mm and 2m depth. other column sections are different
from floor to floor since the weights they carry increases as we go down
columns on floor ground floor 500*500mm, on 1st floor 500*500mm.
On 3rd & 4th floor 500*500mm. And at roof level 500*500mm. Section of
top tie beam was assumed 400*250mm( depth to width).see the tables below
for each calculation and labeling of all beams.
4.1.1 CALCULATION OF BEAM AND COLUMN STIFFNESS

key to the tables below
b1=beam one Kb=beam stiffness
Kxc=column stiffness in the x-axis
Kyc=column stifness in the y axis
L=beam length & column length
TL=top level, G= ground level


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FINAL YEAR PROJECT REPORT ON STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF G+5 BUILDING MAY-2011

2. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF SLABS

2.1.DESIGN OF SOLID ROOF SLAB

INTRODUCTION: - Slabs are structural elements which are used as a floor

2.1.1 Depth determination

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 4

Where :- S=300mpa (fyk)

If Ly/Lx <2 it is two way slab

Ly/Lx=600/600=1 therefore, it is two way slab

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 5

Span ratio 1:1 35 40 45 10

From the above table we have the value of a is 40 end span

Thi is uniform span with the above span with a =45

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 6

Its dimension is same with the above with a =40 and

Its dimension is same with the above with a =40 and

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 7

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 8

Ly/Lx=180/98= 18.4>2, therefore, it is one way slab

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 9

Ly/Lx=120/10.3= 11.65 >2, therefore, it is one way slab

Ly/Lx=600/90= 6.67 >2, therefore, it is one way slab

Ly/Lx=600/265= 2.26>2, therefore, it is one way slab

the governing depth for C1,C2,C3,S1,S2,S3,S4,S5,&S6 is equal to 12.75cm

d ≥ 12.75cm Take F=12

D=d + Cover + 12/2

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 11

Load on the slab

a) due to self Wt = gc(b)(D) gc = 24KN/M3

b) due to plastering =g plastering = 23KN/M3

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 12

C) cement screed gc=23KN/M3

d) due to water proofing g =27KN/M3

Live load EBCS-1 1995

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 13

Panel designing by strip method

ANALYSIS OF SLABS WITH IREGULAR SUPPORT CONDITION

design aid for such type of panel.Design using strip method

in support on larger span

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 14

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 15

Design the slab by strip method

{Minimum reinforcement is assumed to be in longer direction}

using F10 &concrete cover=15mm

Provide F10 ,c/c 250mm

0.85 fck 0.85  0.8  25

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 16

Along strip A-A

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 17

Along strip B-B

Along strip C-C

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 18

= 0.5(2.7×2.92/2) = 5.68knm/m ≈ 5.7kn/m

Bb = 0.7 b = 3.25 b=0.215

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 19

Myf = 0.572 ≈0.6kn/m

Strip c-c mys=5.68knm/m

Jimma university college of engineering and technology 20

ryf =0.0001916≥ r min=0.00167

Provide F10 c/c 300

Asyf = rmin bd =Asmin

By using F(8 mm) and its as is 50 mm2

Provide F8 c/c 250