DES P 12 en  SANOSIL 2003 MAY 2003

Sanosil Ltd
Eichtalstr. 49 P.O.Box 123 CH-8634 Hombrechtikon Switzerland
Tel.: +41 55 254 00 54 Fax: +41 55 254 00 59 e-mail: info@sanosil.com
http://www.sanosil.com

SANOSIL SUPER 25 DISINFECTANT OF MICROFILTRATION (MF), ULTRAFILTRATION

(UF), NANOFILTRATION (NF) AND REVERSE OSMOSIS (RO) EQUIPMENTS AND PLANTS

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
SANOSIL SUPER 25 is a multicomponent disinfectant. The oxidising agent used is hydrogen
peroxide, which is bonded with stabilising agents to form a complex solution. A long-lasting effect
is ensured by the addition of silver which acts as a catalyst in trace amounts. The two main
component (hydrogen peroxide and silver) enhance their advantages (synergism).

PATENT NO: CH 673225 GB 4 915 955 USA 2189 394

TECHNICAL DATA
State of aggregation: liquid and clear as water. In its concentrated form it has hardly
perceptible odour.
When diluted, SANOSIL SUPER 25 is odourless an tasteless.

Weight: 1,196 kg/dm³ (at 20°C)

Boiling point: 114,0°C at 1013 mbr

53,5°C at 80 mbr
41,0°C at 40 mbr

Freezing point: - 51°C

Surface tension: (Noüy ring method, 20°C)

Concentration mN/m
0.25% 72
0.50% 71
1.00% 71

Corrosive property: Corrosion-proof are 99.5 % aluminium (non-ferrous), nickel chromium steel
e.g. 1.4301, 1.4401, 1.4571, PP, PVC, PE.
In the case of varnishing and other forms of coating commonly used in
swimming-pools or storage tanks, preliminary tests should preferably be
carried out at appropriate spots.

Corrosive effect: Concentration: 1%

Reaction time: 24 h
Temperature: 50°C

Actual loss of Permissible loss of

Material: weight weight
g/m²/24 hrs. g/m²/24 hrs.
 Aluminium 99,5 0.37 10
Anticorodal 0.53 10
Galvanised iron 0.04 30
Cr-Ni steel 0.06 0.5
(18/8)

MICROFILTRATION (MF), ULTRAFILTRATION (UF),

NANOFILTRATION (NF) AND REVERSE OSMOSIS (RO)-
SYSTEMS

Pollution of surface water and groundwater sources has become a significant issue over the past
few years. The removal of natural organic matter (NOM), the removal of the total organic halide
formation potential (TOXFP) and the removal or reducing of bacteria in the distribution network are
the most important issues for the future.

As the limitations of conventional treatment processes to meet increasingly stringent drinking

water regulations become more apparent, membrane technologies are gaining support within the
water industry as a better means of addressing existing and anticipated regulatory requirements
world wide.

Various studies have focused on Microfiltration (MF), Ultrafiltration (UF), Nanofiltration (NF) and
Reverse Osmosis (RO) -Systems membrane technologies that appear to be promising for producing
high-quality drinking water.

The main application areas of the MF, UF, NF and RO are:

 surface water discharge
 discharge to publicly-owned treatment works
 land application as: spray irrigation, rapid infiltration, infiltration percolation
 injection wells
 evaporation ponds
 ocean discharge

The disinfection of MF, UF, NF and RO-systems is one of those nebulous areas encountered in the
dialysis setting. There are simply too many variables that can affect the outcome. This is because
of the variances among facilities regarding system design, distribution piping, source water, and
basic philosophies.
THE LIMITS
In principle, it can be confirmed that the MF, UF, NF and RO processes and installations currently on
the market guarantee the production of very good drinking water.

The organic components that remain on the surface of the MF, UF, NF and RO equipment and
plates do, however, provide an ideal feeding ground for bacteria and viruses. For this reason it is
necessary to clean and/or disinfect the MF, UF, NF and RO at regular intervals.

Conventional disinfectants have the following disadvantages:

 smell and taste
 no long-term effectiveness
 effectiveness not comprehensive
 toxic effects
 low effectiveness against biofilm
 precipitation, etc.
DISINFECTION OF MF, UF, NF AND RO EQUIPMENT AND
PLANTS BY SANOSIL SUPER 25
The goal of disinfection is to prevent the colonisation of micro-organisms, and a well-designed
water purification system and delivery loop is the first step in achieving this prevention.

SANOSIL SUPER 25 is outstandingly suited to the disinfection of MF, UF, NF and RO membranes
for the following reasons:

 non-toxic when diluted

 comprehensive effect
 very good effect against biofilm,
 no smell, non-tasting
 long-term effectiveness
 no precipitation or residues
 no danger of blockages
 no neutralisation necessary
 effectiveness independent of pH
 can be measured and regulated, fully-automatic dispensing possible.

DOSAGE
There are two methods available for the disinfection of the MF, UF, NF and RO-
Membranes:

A) Shock dosage
If a deposit consisting of organic materials and bacteria / viruses has formed on the surface of the
MF, UF or NF membranes, SANOSIL SUPER 25 is used as follows:

2.0% SANOSIL SUPER 25 solution with an exposure time of 1 hour

1.5% SANOSIL SUPER 25 solution with an exposure time of 2 hours
1.0% SANOSIL SUPER 25 solution with an exposure time of 4 hours
0.5% SANOSIL SUPER 25 solution with an exposure time of 8 hours
(minimum dwell times for a 6-log reduction).

A lower concentration with reciprocal exposure time is necessary with cellulose acetate (CA)-
membranes (depending upon the final pH). With a long enough exposure time, SANOSIL SUPER
25 has a good vapour phase activity.
SANOSIL SUPER 25 should not dwell in a MF, UF, NF or RO system for more than 12 hours;
otherwise, permanent damage to the Membrane will ensue.
It is recommended that the MF, UF, NF and RO Membranes be cleaned with a low pH cleaner that
will remove mineral scale deposits before introducing
SANOSIL SUPER 25 into the system. This is especially true in areas that have high levels of iron
and other transition metals in the feed water as SANOSIL SUPER 25 will react with these metals
on the MF, UF, NF and RO Membrane and may cause degradation.
Units containing mixed metal or brass pumps or fittings are not compatible with SANOSIL SUPER
25.
SANOSIL SUPER 25 belongs to the water-toxic class 0, (WG 0) i.e., the
SANOSIL SUPER 25 used for the disinfection of the MF, UF, NF and RO Membranes can be
discharged directly into the sewage system after being diluted with water.
B) Continuous dosage
In order to largely avoid a build-up of organic components and bacteria / viruses on the MF, UF, NF
and RO membranes, SANOSIL SUPER 25 can be added to the untreated water, either
continuously or discontinuously.
The SANOSIL SUPER 25 concentration necessary for the disinfection and reduction of organic
elements depends on the following parameters:
 the organic contamination
 the quantity and type of the bacteria and viruses
 the pH value
 the temperature
The following dosage quantities can be taken as approximate values for
SANOSIL SUPER 25 disinfection (following a shock-dosage):
 Addition every 4 hours : 5 ppm (period of addition 15 minutes)
 Addition every 8 hours : 10 ppm (period of addition 15 minutes)
 Addition every 24 hours : 20 ppm (period of addition 15 minutes)
GERMICIDAL EFFECT
SANOSIL SUPER 25 possesses a very broad spectrum of activity. It exerts an antimicrobial
effect on all types of micro-organisms without exception.
SANOSIL SUPER 25 is highly effective against :

• bacteriophages
• viruses
• spore-forming organisms
• yeasts
• mould, fungi
SANOSIL SUPER 25 has a rapid and powerful effect on :
• gram-positive bacteria
• gram-negative bacteria
SANOSIL SUPER 25 can be used at all temperatures in the range of 0°C to 95°C. The activity
is appreciably enhanced by increasing the temperature.
SANOSIL SUPER 25 It is also effective in liquids with high concentrations of organic matter.
SANOSIL SUPER 25 Combining oxidation and oligodynamic has resulted in a
two-phased (multi-facetted) product which is capable of destroying
biofilms. This process is extremely important when attacking higher forms
of bacteria and viruses which have developed a biofilm as a protective
coat. Hydrogen peroxide oxidises the biofilm, thus enabling the silver to
penetrate unhindered and eliminate the bacterium or the virus.
TEST PROCEDURE WITH ION EXCHANGER RESINS Date: April 28,
1999

A) AMBERLITE IR 120 Na, cation, brown colour, manufacturer: Rohm & Haas
A1) SANOSIL SUPER 25, 1% solution
A2) SANOSIL SUPER 25, 2% solution
A3) Control, without addition of SANOSIL SUPER 25
Results (optical):
After 2 hours: no changes
After 12 hours: no changes
After 24 hours: no changes
After 4 days: no changes
After 20 days: A1) and A2) slightly lighter coloured, no change of consistence
against A3).
B) AMBERLITE IRA 402 Cl, anion, yellowish colour, manufacturer: Rohm & Haas
B1) SANOSIL SUPER 25, 1% solution
B2) SANOSIL SUPER 25, 2% solution
B3) Control, without addition of SANOSIL SUPER 25
Results (optical):
After 2 hours: no changes
After 12 hours: no changes
After 24 hours: B1) and B2) slightly lighter coloured
After 4 days: B1) and B2) visibly lighter coloured
After 20 days: B1) and B2) lighter coloration strongly visible, no change of
consistence against B3).
Conclusion:
A 2% SANOSIL SUPER 25 solution decomposes log 6 all pathogens within 4 hours, without any side
effect on cation and/or anion ion exchanger resins.

INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS
Following are some examples of officially authorised silver levels in drinking water :
• USA, Canada, Russia, Japan 0,05 mg/l (ppm)
• European Union 0,08 mg/l (ppm)
• Switzerland 0,10 mg/l (ppm)

i.e. water treated with SANOSIL SUPER 25 has a silver content of 10 - 20 times less than
officially authorised.

Maximal officially authorised silver levels in drinking water WHO recommendation for harmless silver
ingestion through treated drinking water
mg/l
0.1 ug/day
0.09 180
0.08 165
150
0.07
135
0.06 120
0.05 105
90
0.04
75
0.03 60
0.02 45
30
0.01
0.005 15
0 0
Switzerland EU USA SANOSIL
WHO regulations treated with SANOSIL
SUPER 25 180 ug/day 15 ug/day

The World Health Organisation WHO recommends a max. harmless silver ingestion through treated
drinking water of 180 µg/day. (3 l/person/day)
When consuming drinking water previously treated with SANOSIL SUPER 25, the ingestion of
silver (3 l water/person/day) amounts to 15 µg;
i.e. 12 times LESS than by WHO recommendation.
The other impurities (As, Pb, Hg, Sn, Ni) in SANOSIL SUPER 25 are far below the measurable
level.
SIDE EFFECTS
SANOSIL SUPER 25 is odourless and tasteless in its diluted state.
SANOSIL SUPER 25 does not impair the flavour or smell of the treated water.
SANOSIL SUPER 25 forms no chemical compound with other basic materials.
SANOSIL SUPER 25 is neither carcinogenic nor mutagenic.
SANOSIL SUPER 25 is a colourless, water-like liquid with a pH of approx. 1.5 - 2.0.
SANOSIL SUPER 25 does no harm to the waste water, as it decomposes into water and oxygen
(2H2O2 = 2H2O + O2)
INERTNESS
SANOSIL SUPER 25 used for the disinfection of drinking water may be brought into contact with
virtually any material, provided that the directions for use are observed.
Higher concentrations of SANOSIL SUPER 25 on galvanised iron, aluminium or
aluminium/manganese alloys may give rise to localised reactions between the silver and the
underlying material. Hence, longer contact times between SANOSIL SUPER 25 and the above
mentioned materials should be avoided.
Discoloration of brass surfaces may occur. In the case of coatings of paint or other lining materials
commonly found, preliminary tests should preferably be carried out at suitable sites.

EASE OF HANDLING
SANOSIL SUPER 25 is completely soluble in water and miscible in all proportions with water.
SANOSIL SUPER 25 does not foam.
SANOSIL SUPER 25 and water containing SANOSIL SUPER 25 possesses approx. the same
wetting power and adhesive strength as water.
SANOSIL SUPER 25 leaves no coating on disinfected surfaces.
METHODS OF DETERMINATION
SANOSIL® MEASURING STRIPS: 0 - 100 mg/l (ppm)
SANOSIL® HAND-MEASURING KIT: 0 - 200 mg/l (ppm)
SANOSIL® FULLY AUTOMATIC MEASURING AND MONITORING UNITS0 - 200 mg/l (ppm)

BACTERIOLOGICAL TESTS
• Determination of bacterial count with SANOSIL® TESTSET for E.Coli bacteria.
• Determination of bacterial count with SANOSIL® TESTSET for coliform bacteria.
• Determination of bacterial count with SANOSIL® TESTSET for yeast and fungi.
• Determination of bacterial count with SANOSIL® TESTSET for total bacterial count.
STORAGE
SANOSIL SUPER 25 should only be stored in the original containers supplied by the manufacturer
with the corresponding original seals. Any of the product removed from the container may not,
under any circumstances, be returned to the container. The product may only be removed from the
containers by being carefully poured out or with the aid of suitable devices (e.g. barrel pump made
of polyethylene etc. or flux pump made of VA). These devices may ONLY be used for SANOSIL
SUPER 25 and they must be checked before EVERY instance of usage for perfect cleanliness.
The original bottles MUST be stored in an upright position so that the oxygen evolved during
continuous decomposition can escape through the vents.
Thanks to its stability SANOSIL SUPER 25 can be stored for at least 1 year at temperatures
between 5°C and 25°C.

TRANSPORT
Transport regulations for hazardous goods:
rail/truck: RID/ADR class 5.1, chiffre 1b
sea freight: IMDG Code 1515/EmS No. 5.1- 02
air freight: prohibited
UN No. 2014
Customs item no. 3808.40 90
The original containers MUST be transported in UPRIGHT POSITION.
The packaging MUST carry the following notice :"THIS WAY UP, DO NOT TIP OVER"

PROCEDURE IN THE EVENT OF ACCIDENTS

SANOSIL SUPER 25 is not toxic in the true sense of the word, however in its concentrated state it
does have a caustic effect on the skin, on mucous membranes and respiratory tracts and thus
particularly dangerous to the eyes.
When working with SANOSIL SUPER 25, PROTECTIVE GOGGLES MUST therefore be worn in all
cases. It is also advisable to use rubber gloves which can be rinsed with water.
If splashes in eyes, rinse IMMEDIATELY and thoroughly with water. If it has been swallowed,
immediately drink luke-warm water and repeat several times.
In both cases it is ABSOLUTELY essential to call a doctor immediately.
If spilled, SANOSIL SUPER 25 must be washed away immediately with plenty of water. Effluent
containing SANOSIL SUPER 25 entails no hazards for sewage systems or ground water !
TOXICITY CLASSIFICATION
Swiss toxin class 2, BAG T No. 31080 DS.Strictly observe warnings on barrels.Classified as
"relatively harmless" according to Hodge and Sterner (1949)Ind. Hyd. Quar. 10.93-96 CIVO-TNI
03.11.1980 JvH LD 50 > 2000 mg/kg

INFLAMMABILITY
SANOSIL SUPER 25 is non-flammable. However, spontaneous combustion may occur if it is
placed in contact with oxidisable organic substances. Hence, contact between SANOSIL SUPER
25 and cotton, wool wood, straw, paper, oil, coal, textiles, etc. should be avoided.

BIOLOGICAL DEGRADATION
SANOSIL SUPER 25 is ecologically harmless. Its principal constituent - hydrogen peroxide - does
not pollute waste water, because it breaks down into water and oxygen (2H 2O2 = 2H2O + O2),
i.e. it produces no noxious by products.
If spilled, SANOSIL SUPER 25 must be washed away immediately with plenty of water. Effluent
containing

SANOSIL SUPER 25 entails no hazards for sewage systems or ground water !

Fish toxicity (golden orfes, 48 hrs.) referring to SANOSIL SUPER 25.
LC0 20 mg (100%) litre
LC50 70 mg (100%) litre
LC100 80 mg (100%) litre

A. Purification plant
When strictly observing the regulations, there will be no encroachment on biological
purification plants. (SANOSIL SUPER 25 resp. hydrogen peroxide is specially used to
ameliorate the cleaning power of sewage water purification plants).
B. Water
Observe strictly the waste water regulations of the public authorities when conducting into the
waters. The relation between the SANOSIL SUPER 25 flushed into the waters and the
volume of the waters should be calculated in such a way that the SANOSIL SUPER 25
concentration is below 20 mg/l (ppm). Where this is not possible, a dilution of the conducted
SANOSIL SUPER 25 by means of additional water should be arranged.
C. Soil
In the soils, an immediate reduction/break down into water and oxygen results.
SUMMARY OF BENEFITS
 powerful disinfectant action
 powerful effect against biofilm
 long-lasting effect
 no pollution of effluent
 non carcinogenic, non mutagenic
 no taste, no odour
 considerate to any material
 no undesirable foam formation

Our operating instructions both oral or written are based on extensive tests. Our advice is given to the best of our
existing knowledge but is not binding insofar as their application and the storage conditions lie beyond our direct
control. The description of the products and details of the properties of the compounds do not subsume any liability for
damage. Otherwise, our usual conditions of delivery and payment apply.