1 DESIGN OF FOOTINGS FOR AXIAL LOADS AND MOMENTS

Data Un-Factored loads

Axial load on the footing P= 505.691 kN
Moments Mx = 22430.3 kNm
Mz = 0 kNm
Shear forces Fx = 638.355 kN
Fz = 0 kN
Load Factor = 1.0
Assuming overall depth of footing D= 1200 mm
Additional moments Fx * D =638.35 x 1.2
766.03 kNm
Fz * D = =0x1.2
0 kNm
Total Moments Design Mx =22430.3 + 0
22430.3 kNm
Design Mz =0 + 766.03
766.03 kNm
Z - Axis
12.2 m

3 4
2.8

X - Axis 12.2 m
2.8

1 2

Mx and Mz are moments about X axis and Y axis of the column

Material Data
fy = 460 N/mm2 Density of soil = 17 kN/m3
fck = 25 N/mm2
Bearing capacity of the soil sbc = 125 kN/m2 at 3.5 m below FGL
Gross Bearing capacity of the soil Gsbc = 184.5 kN/m at
2
3.5 m below FGL
Size of column 2.8 m x 2.8 m
Size of pedestal around the column 2.8 m x 2.8 m
Service Condition
Axial Load =505.69 / 1 505.69 kN
Mx =22430.3/1 22430.3 kNm
Mz =766.03/1 766.03 kNm
Wt.of foundation =148.84 x 1200 / 1000 x 25
4465.2 kN
Wt.of soil =(12.2 x 12.2 - (2.8 x 2.8)) x (3.5 - 1200 / 1000) x 17
5837.40 kN
Total weight =505.69 + 4465.2 + 5837.4 1438.2
10808.29 kN
The footing shall be provided such that the pressures below the footing are within sbc
The following combinations shall be checked
Case 1 P/A + Mx/Zx + Mz/Zz < sbc
Assuming L = 12.2 m B= 12.2 m
Zz = B2*L/6 302.64
Zx= L2*B/6 302.64
A= B*L = 148.84 m2
Base Pr = = 10808.29 / 148.84 + 22430.3 / 302.64 + 766.03 / 302.64
149.26 kN/m2
Breadth 12.2 m
Case 2 P/A + Mx/Zx - Mz/Zz < sbc
Assuming B = 12.2 m L= 12.2 m
Zz = L2*B/6 302.641
Zx= B2*L/6 302.64
A= B*L = 148.84 m2
Base Pr = = 10808.29 / 148.84 + 22430.3 / 302.64 -
144.2 kN/m2 144.2008130636
Breadth 12.2 m
Case 3 P/A - Mx/Zx + Mz/Zz < sbc
Assuming B = 12.2 m L= 12.2 m
Zz = L2*B/6 302.64
Zx= B2*L/6 302.64
A= B*L = 148.84 m2
Base Pr = =10808.29 / 148.84 - 22430.3 / 302.64 + 766.03 / 302.64
1.03 kN/m2
Breadth 12.2 m
Case 4 P/A - Mx/Zx - Mz/Zz < sbc
Assuming L = 12.2 m B= 12.2 m
Zz = B2*L/6 302.64 33
Zx= L2*B/6 302.64
A= B*L = 148.84 m2
Base Pr = =10808.29 / 148.84-22430.3 / 302.64 - 766.03 / 302.64
-4.03 kN/m2
Breadth 12.2 m
Check for GSBC
Case 1 Case 2 Case3 Case4 Max
Base Pr = 149.26 144.2 1.03 -4.03 149.26 kN/m2
Breadth 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.2 < than GSBC, Hence Safe

Check for SBC

Case 1 Case 2 Case3 Case4 Max
Base Pr = 80.04 74.98 -68.19 -73.25 80.04 kN/m2
< than SBC Hence Safe
Provide footing of size B= 12.2 m
L= 12.2 m
Area of footing provided = 148.84 m2

Check for Eccentricity

Eccentricity in X-directi ex = Mx/P Check Pmax, Tension at base,e > B / 6 = 2.03

2.075 m
Eccentricity in Z-directio ez = Mz/P
No tension ,< B / 6 = 2.03
0.071 m
CALCULATION OF PRESSURES ON THE SOIL

p1 =505.69/148.84+(22430.3x6/(12.2x12.2^2))+(766.03x6/(12.2x12 80.04 kN/m2

p2 =505.69/148.84+(22430.3x6/(12.2x12.2^2))-(766.03x6/(12.2x12. 74.98 kN/m2
p3 =505.69/148.84-(22430.3x6/(12.2x12.2^2))+(766.03x6/(12.2x12. -68.19 kN/m2
p4 =505.69/148.84-(22430.3x6/(12.2x12.2^2))-(766.03x6/(12.2x12. -73.25 kN/m2
ALONG X
Pmax = =(80.04+-68.19)/2 5.93 kN/m2
Pmin = =(74.98+-73.25)/2 0.87 kN/m2
ALONG Z
Pmax = =(80.04+74.98)/2 77.51 kN/m2
Pmin = =(-68.19+-73.25)/2 -70.72 kN/m2

PRESSURE ALONG X-AXIS PRESSURE ALONG Z-AXIS

5.93 3.98 0.87 77.51 -13.62 -70.72

CALCULATION OF BENDING MOMENTS AT FACE OF PEDESTAL

ALONG X
Determination of bending moments at the face of pedestal
Cantilever projection along longer face (1-1) = a =(12.2-2.8)/2) = 4.700 m
Pressure at face of pedestal =0.865+((5.93-0.865)/12.2)x(12.2-4.7))
3.98 kN/m2
Maximum Bending moment at face of pedestal = =[(3.98x4.7^2)/2+((5.93-3.98)x0.5x4.7x2/3x4.7)x12.2]
711.47 kNm
Thickness of footing required d = Sqrt{Mu/Qb} =SQRT(711.47x10^6)/(0.138x25x12.2x1000)
130.01 mm
Provide overall depth D 1200 mm
clear cover = 50 mm
Eff. depth d = 1200-50-32/ 1134 mm
Mu1/bd2= 711.47x10^6/(12.2x1000x1134^2) 0.05
From Table 2 - SP16 page 48 for fy=415N/mm 2
pt = 0.012%
ALONG Z
Determination of bending moments at the face of pedestal
Cantilever projection along shorter face (2-2) = b =(12.2-2.8)/2 = 4.700 m
Pressure at face of pedestal = =77.51+((-70.72-77.51)/12.2)x(12.2-4.7)
-13.62 kN/m2
Maximum Bending moment at face of pedestal = =[(-13.62x4.7^2/2)+((-70.72--13.62)x0.5x4.7x2/3x4.7)x12.2]
-6964.73 kNm
Thickness of footing required d = Sqrt{Mu/Qb} =SQRT(-6964.73x10^6/(0.138x25x12.2x1000))
406.78 mm
Provide overall depth D 1200 mm
clear cover 50 mm
Eff. depth d = 1200-50-32- 1102 mm
Mu1/bd2= -6964.73x10^6/(12.2x1000x1102^2) -0.47
From Table 2 - SP16 page 48 for fy=415N/mm 2
pt = -0.115%
Check for one way shear 1 Z - Axis

3.566

2 2
X - Axis

3.566
1

PRESSURE ALONG X-AXIS PRESSURE ALONG X-AXIS

d
d
d/2
d/2 -20.505
-27.39
4.45
4.215

Along X direction For 1-1 x1 = a - d = 4.7-1134/1000 3.566 m

Along Y direction For 2-2 x2 = b - d = 4.7-1134/1000 3.566 m

Pressure at 1-1 = =0.865 + (5.93 - 0.865) / 12.2 x (12.2 - 3.566)

= 4.45 kN/m2
Pressure at 2-2 = =77.51 + (-70.72 - 77.51) / 12.2 x (12.2 - 3.566)
-27.39 kN/m2

Maximum SF 1-1 =p * B=4.45 x 12.2 x 3.566 + ((0.5 x 3.566 x (5.93-4.45) x12.2)

= 225.79 kN
Maximum SF 2-2 = p * L=(-27.39 x 12.2 x 3.566) + (0.5 x 3.566 (-70.72 - -27.39) x 12.2)
= -2134.15 kN
Effective depth at the critical section d 1-1 = 1134 mm
Effective breadth at the critical section b 1-1 = 12200 mm
Effective depth at the critical section at d 2-2 = 1102 mm
Effective breadth at the critical section b 2-2 = 12200 mm

Maximum shear at 1-1 SF1-1 = 225.79 kN Vu = 225.79 kN

Tv 1-1= 225.79 x 10^3 /( 1134 x 12200) 0.0 N/mm2
Provided reinf pt = 0.405% for which the shear strength of concrete from
TABLE 61 - SP16, page 178, Tv` = 0.448 N/mm2 > Tv1-1 hence safe

Maximum shear at 2-2 SF2-2 = -2134.15 kN Vu = -2134.15 kN

Tv 2-2= -2134.15 x 10^3 / (1102 x 12200) -0.159 N/mm2
Provided reinf pt = 0.417% for which the shear strength of concrete from
TABLE 61 - SP16, page 178, Tv` = 0.454 N/mm2 > Tv2-2 hence safe
Check for Punching shear
The critical section for shear occurs at a distance of d/2 from the face of the pedesttal
d/2 = 567 mm
Pressure at d/2 from pedestal in X direction (3.98+4.45)/"2 4.215 kN/m2
Pressure at d/2 from pedestal in Z direction (-13.62+-27.39)/2 -20.505 kN/m2
Shear are b1= 3.934 m d1 3.934 m
Perimeter of punching area = (3.934+3.934)x2
= 15.736 m
Punching shear = 505.69 - [(3.934 x 3.934) x (4.215 + -20.505) x 0.5]
= 631.75 kN
Depth at the section d1 = 1134 mm
τv = 631.75 x 1000 / (15.736 x 1000 x 1134)
τv = 0.04 N/mm2
The shear capacity of the section is ks x τc
ks = 0.5 + βc
βc 1
ks = 1.5
Allowable, k 1 N/mm2

τc = 0.25 x Sqrt (fck) 0.25xsqrt(25 1.25 N/mm2

The shear capacity of the section

Tv allow = 1.25 N/mm2
Tv1-1 < Tv hence okay

CHECK FOR SLIDING

Horizontal force = 638.355 kN

Vertical load = 10808.29 kN

F.O.S. = 5.93 Safe

CHECK FOR OVERTURNING

Total moment about x-axi= 14953.53 kNm
Resisting moment = 65930.57 kNm

F.O.S. = 4.41 Safe

Total moment about x-axi= 510.69 kNm

Resisting moment = 65930.57 kNm

F.O.S. = 129.1 Safe

Design of the section 12.2 x 12.2 x 1.2

Longer direction Min pt = 0.120%
Ast = pt bd/100 = 1360.80 mm2
Spacing o 32 dia bars required is = 591 mm
Provide 32 dia bars @ 175 mm spacing (# 4596 mm2)
pt provided= 0.4053%
Shorter direction Min pt = 0.120%
Ast = pt bd/100 = 1360.8 mm2
Spacing o 32 dia bars required is = 591 mm
Provide 32 dia bars @ 175 mm spacing (# 4596 mm2)
pt provided= 0.4171%