Mikhail Dmitrievich Gorchakov

Prince Mikhail Dmitrievich Gorchakov (Russian: Михаи́ л Дми́ триевич

Mikhail Dmitrievich
Горчако́ в; 28 January [O.S. 8 February] 1793 – 18 May [O.S. 30 May] 1861,
Gorchakov
Warsaw) was a Russian General of the Artillery from the Gorchakov family, who
commanded the Russian forces in the latter stages of the Crimean War and later
served as a Namestnik of Kingdom of Polandfrom 1856 until his death.

Life and career

Mikhail and his brother Pyotr Gorchakov were the children of a notable writer
Prince Dmitri Petrovich Gorchakov and his wife Natalie Boborykina. Mikhail
entered the Russian army in 1807 as a cadet of the Leub Guard Artillery battalion. In
1809 in the rank of lieutenant he took part in the campaigns againstPersia.

During the Napoleonic Wars he distinguished himself at Borodino (received the

Order of St. Vladimir of 4th degree) and at Bautzen (received the Order of St. Anna
of 2nd degree, the Prussian Order Pour le Mérite and the rank of staff-captain). His
career quickly developed and in 1824 he was a Major General. Gorchakov
Mikhail Gorchakov, (Jan Ksawery
demonstrated bravery during theRusso-Turkish War of 1828–1829, on 29 May 1829
Kaniewski, 1860)
he was one of the first to swim across the Danube. He was present at the sieges of
Silistria and Shumna. Born 28 January 1793
Warsaw, Polish–
After being appointed, on 6 December 1829 a general officer, after 7 February 1831 Lithuanian
Gorchakov replaced wounded General Ivan Sukhozanet as the head of the artillery Commonwealth
of the Acting Army. Later he was present in the campaign in Poland, and was Died 18 May 1861
wounded at the Battle of Olszynka Grochowska, on February 25, 1831. He also (aged 68)
distinguished himself at theBattle of Ostrołęka and at the taking of Warsaw.[1] Warsaw, Congress
During the next years he served under Field Marshal Paskevich as the head of the
Poland, Russian
Staff of the Acting Army. For these services he was promoted to the rank of
Empire
[1]
lieutenant-general and numerous supreme Russian and foreign awards. Allegiance Russian
Empire
In 1846 he was nominated military governor of Warsaw. In 1849 he commanded the
Service/ Imperial
Russian artillery in the war against the Hungarians, and in 1852 he visitedLondon as
branch Russian Army
a representative of the Russian army at the funeral of the duke of Wellington. At this
time he was chief of the staff of the Russian army and adjutant general to the tsar.[1] Years of 1807–1861
service
Upon Russia declaring war against Turkey in 1853, he was appointed commander-
Rank General of the
in-chief of the troops which occupied Moldavia and Wallachia. In 1854 he crossed
Artillery
the Danube and besieged Silistra, but was superseded in April by Prince Ivan
Battles/wars Napoleonic Wars
Paskevich, who, however, resigned on June 8, when Gorchakov resumed the
Russo-Turkish War
command. In July the siege of Silistra was aborted due to Austrian diplomatic
November Uprising
pressure, and the Russian armies recrossed the Danube; in August they withdrew to
Crimean War
Russia.[1]
Awards Order of St. Andrew
In 1855 Gorchakov was appointed commander-in-chief of the Russian forces in the Order of St. George
Crimea in place of the disgraced Prince Menshikov. Gorchakov's defence of Order of St.
Sevastopol, and final retreat to the northern part of the town, which he continued to Vladimir
 defend till peace was signed in
Paris, were conducted with lack of energy. In 1856 he was appointed namestnik of
Kingdom of Poland in succession to Prince Paskevich. He died at Warsaw on May
30, 1861, and was buried, in accordance with his own wish, atSevastopol.[1]

Mikhail Gorchakov,
~1849 by August Strixner

References
1. One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm,
Hugh, ed. (1911). "Gorchakov s. v. Prince Mikhail Dmitrievich". Encyclopædia Britannica. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge
University Press. p. 246.

This article includes content derived from theRussian Biographical Dictionary, 1896–1918.

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