c



 

From the time of telegraphs Indian telecom sector has witnessed an immense growth and has diversified
into various segments like, Fixed Line Telephony, mobile telephony, GSM, CDMA, WLL etc. The
telecom industry is growing at a fast pace introducing newer technologies. Even the network operators
and handset providers are also coming up with newer value added services and advanced technology cell
phones with multimedia applications.

Now it's time to welcome the much-awaited 3G Technology. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited is all set to
launch the technology by December 2007. Not only the network providers but also the handset providers
in India are waiting eagerly for the launch of 3G to earn very high revenues from the value added services
provided by the technology.
The technology is initially being launched on CDMA platform. The technology is being tested over
various platforms and cellular networks.

3G TECHNOLOGY
3G or Third Generation technology is a convergence of various Second Generation telecommunication
systems. The technology is intended for SMARTPHONES - multimedia cell phones. Video broadcasting
and other e-commerce services such as, stock transactions and e-learning will now be made possible
much faster. It offers 3 Mbps speed for downloading, which is very high as compared to that of the 2G
technology. The 3G technology provides for internet surfing, downloading, e-mail attachment
downloading, audio-video conferencing, fax services and many other broadband applications.

EXISTENCE OF 3G TECHNOLOGY
3G Technology was implemented in Japan for the first time in the world. Today the technology is serving
25 countries over more than 60 networks having its existence in Asia, Europe and USA. Video
conferencing has been a major factor in the success of the technology.

c



 















 !

c

""
##$
%
&!
#
#
'









#



'


"$

!

!
"

'
&
'

&



(
)!(

(
$




*'#

*
+
!
(

c
!
#

! 

,&


'


"
'#



#
!
'
&!$

"
'#


"
'#


"

c
'

'
&!$

#





'


&


! 


$




&

c
!
"'
&
'
&!
#

"



-"


#





&
!
#
#!

$



'


"&
#


"


&


$



.
&

/

'
&
'





&

&
#!
0
(

"


! 

,

!
&

"



"


$


#
!




! +



"
&&'$




0!

0!

c
!
"'
&

#!

#
"

"

&


!


c

"
#
'!
10!2

&
$

! 


!


&

"
&


!
'
&$

3G technology has become a buzz in Indian communication and 3G stands for 3rd generation, a
technology used for advanced communication. It gives real time streaming & high speed internet access
anywhere. Thus, 3G technology helps in providing a better communication platform to people and to
enhance information technology services.

These days most of the mobiles comes with 3G technology to give you benefits like high speed internet,
accuracy, improvement in audio quality, fast email, real-time video streaming, huge data transfer etc.
Recently mobile services has invested huge millions of dollars to get 3G spectrum license. So, mobile
phones manufactures has also started introducing many 3G enabled devices. Lets pick out the best five
3G mobile phones in India.


0!
""
3
c


#
c$40
-
"'

"
#
c56
7
896

"7(
!
::4$4
7
;5
7
:5$c

#


c
!"7

#
'
"!(
0
&


!
"$




3
c$:



"#



7
9
"

54;
 $
*
*(
%&

3
c 
!!
&

5<(466
#$




:; =
'
&

c4(466

c5 =
&

8:(466$

9 =


"


5<(466$






"


-



*
)$
*

"#
#

/#

"&




&$
/
'
'


'#(
&(

"&



"$



%'


c$50


"
&!
9
!"7

#
&&

-
1>56"2
'
!

!


;6
4

"!
$
*

>4=


(
:; =
7"
(
/0.(
0 3

c$4


?)$




&

54(;<4
1""72$

/
'

'



=)=
=
<>66$

)
;>66


#
4
!"7

@
"

&

#
0-
&$
*


#
;6=





7"
"

:; =$

&

.



5$4

"$

"
&&
)

&
8





c


c
$

)
;>66


"


::(466$

Indian telecommunication sector has been growing ever since the telegraphic system. It has witnessed
gigantic growth and diversified from the fixed lines to mobile phones and further on to GSM and CDMA,
moving/advancing from 1G to 2G.And now, it¶s time to take a step further ahead. It¶s time to capture the
much awaited 3Gtechnology. 3G, the third generation technology is the current hot stuff of the Indian
communication sector. It was first implemented in Japan on October 1, 2001 and is now, serving over 40
countries in Asia, Europe and USA.

Undoubtedly, the name speaks its capabilities. It possesses the potential of keeping people connected in
all times and places in a more advanced manner, much closer to reality. It offers enhanced multimedia
applications, something that has become a priority feature for every person when buying a new phone.
This 3Gtechnology makes a cellular phone, a smartphone with its superior multimedia features.

In this fast moving world, to test our patience much less, it offers the fastest broadcasting facility with a
minimum speed of 2 Mbps and maximum speed of 14.4 Mbps. This means that to download a 3 minute
MP3 song, it will take merely 15 seconds. When compared to a 2G cell phone¶s broadcasting speed,
which would take about 8 minutes, 3G will make you save around 7 and half minutes. Pretty fast, isn¶t it?
With this fast speed, we can call/consider a 3G enabled phone to be no less than a mini laptop with an
awesome internet connection as it will enable one to easily browse whatever desired and can also
undertake all the e-commerce activities like share trading, stock transactions and every other broadband
application, even when one is travelling.

Not just themedia and entertainment, but the business sector as well has a lot to look forward to from 3G.
Video conferencing remains its key feature. This is the strongest attraction for buyers as something like
this remains uncovered/untouched by all the other technologies that have come up inIndia. Verbal
conferencing was a convenient tool to interact and save time especially in business matters. But
telephonic conversations don¶t turn fruitful all the time, especially when dealing with business matters.
3Gtechnology¶s video conferencing can overcome all these problems. It will help subordinates meet
bosses virtually without wasting time and other resources. When activated/enabled at all the functional
levels, it will enable/empower organizations and qualified candidates to have a telephonic interview in a
more modern way. This is because it helps to interact inthe same manner as people would have done by
meeting up.

With so much ease it is surely a desirable possession. But ever since it was launched, every country faced
similar problems in introducing it as India does today ± its installation being the main one. It requires
humungous amounts to set up infrastructure for 3Gtechnology. Not many telecom companies have the
ability to incur such huge expenditures to lay up its networks across the nation. India faces this problem
currently/today. Even if they decide to set up networks, it may not be far reaching and located
everywhere. Then, how will it serve to be better than laptop enabled broadband? How will it help one stay
connected when travelling? And how will it offer continued facility at all times and places? Apart from
this, licensing a 3Gtechnology remains an impediment. So, it¶s not just the expenditure on infrastructure
but also on license, which sums up/amounts to be undesirably mammoth.

Talking for the benefit of users, even if one or two of the telecom companies successfully launch
3Gtechnology, its growth and usage will still remain minimal. That is because, its strongest feature, video
conferencing can be undertaken only when the others too are using smart phones. If even one of the
persons participating inthe interaction does not possess it, it will not be possible to interact with him. This
will be the weakest point as not everybody would want to take up connections of the companies that are
offering 3Gtechnology. To make things tougher, a 3G enabled handset is different from the other handsets
available inthe market and it¶s more expensive than a normal 2G enabled one. So, to enjoy the benefits of
3Gtechnology, one will first have to condemn the older handset and then incur huge amounts of losses to
buy a smartphone. Not just this, its mobile services are also very highly priced. Internet access is pretty
expensive too.

Understanding, these pros and cons, India still remains incompetent to grow in terms of 3Gtechnology.
Progress is on and companies have started to introduce 3GinIndia. However, it¶s only when every
communication company decides to take this up then its success can be identified. For the time being, this
service does not seem suitable for all the income groups and remains confined only to high-earning
persons due to its expensive handsets and services. Nonetheless, prices will be lowered once competition
is increased by more and more companies introducing it. We are waiting for the same to happen.

=

 
 
'
5>(
566>
A

!
A
â
#


/ 3
"

*

!
!



"'$
*

&

&
#


7"





"'

"
"&
&
/ 3

&




#)
1#

5 2$
*



c

"'
!$

#

c B

70

-
#


'!
&
!

c
!

*


#

#

$
&

#


)
'

#

)

*
!!
#

5$4 (
#

!0"

&
'
"!
7!
5
#)$




-
#)




!
#

&
!
#)

#

&
&


#)
!$

c (


!(


!


&

7
!
&



$

#

#


'
'


&&









'#
'
&!$

/

c
"




c
#)




'
'
(
#
'
%(



(
'


#

)(

#



'



!!
'
&



"$

(


&&
#
c

5
#)

#
,)






'$
c
#)



"

86



&

!
#)(
#






(
!"

7(
c





'
'
(

c

'!
$

"'
'

40:6

"
$

c
#







5665$
=

5668(

#
&
"'!


"
&&


&0
'(

'

"
&

1:4




(


2$


!
!



C


$

'

"

5:66
 $
15$:  2$

"!!

c
#


7"'
&&
&

$


#
'
#
'






*D

/
#




#
*
#
!
c (

!


'


E
c F


E8 F$

8

#



"'

"'
*3

#
'(







!'




E (
#F
(


!




"'
!$

.



&&
c

!'




"$

&
"


!





#

'
1&





"7

"!


&


!'DD2$

*
"
'



*
#
'

&

7"
&
c


$

=


In this resource we will discuss about the development and usage of 3 G (Third Generation)
mobile phone services in India, which is a boost for the development of Telecom Industry in
India. Here we will discuss about the features which makes 3 G very special.

1) Simultaneous use of speech and data service is possible in the case of 3 G.

2) Video option is available when we speak with others and with the help of this we can see the
visual of the person with whom we speak.

3) Greater network capability and good spectral efficiency is available in the case of 3G.

4) 3G delivers packet switched data which supports more Mobile Multimedia Applications.

5) We can watch all the TV programs in 3G and a provider can direct the TV channel to the
subscriber phone.

6) 3G enables the application of video conferencing.

7) A stationary user can access internet at a speed of 2Mbps and in the case of moving user it is
348 Kbps.

8) It is more secure than 2.5 G.

K
  


One of the best marketing place for all the companies in the world is India and this is not only
because of population but the interest shown by people in various gadgets. But it is unfortunate
for the people of India that still the development of c

 are no fully fledged all over
the country. Even though most of the people own a 
, but they still use 2.5 G.But we can
expect that 3G services in India will rapidly increase, as soon as the prices comes down

The introduction of 3G technology in India took place in 2008 but the development started to
take place in 2009. Officially this technology was introduced nationwide, when Tamil Nadu
Chief Minister M Karunanidhi used the 3G video call to speak with the Central Information
Technology Minister, D.Raja. When launched it was available only for few cities, but later this
technology was wide spread in cities like Lucknow, Agra, Ambala, Dehradun, Jammu, Shimla,
Jaipur, Jalandhar, Patna, Durgapur, Haldia, Ranchi and Bhubaneshwar and virtually all over the
country.

The introduction of 3G will also increase the revenue for the Government and it is expected the
Government can earn around Rs. 40,000 crore, by allotting fees for the spectrum. The
Department of Telecom (DoT) , allots the amount for the auction of the spectrum to the
operators. In India MTNL and BSNL were the first to introduce 3G technology.

When it comes to the tariff introduced by BSNL for 3G, the customer have to pay 10 paise per
call for 1000 rupees scheme and the video call rate is Re.1 per minute in Rs. 2500 plan. For long
distance call this rate will increase up to Rs. 2 per minute. We can expect reduction in rates when
more and more users prefer 3G to 2.5G.This is going to be a key factor, because the development
of 3G services in India, not only depends on the cell prices but also on the tariff, because we opt
to speak with other people at a less charge, rather than watching them while we speak.

Based on the auction, by the Government, for 3G spectrum, the private operators will be making
use of 3G from 2010. The competition will be very high, but many feel that Tata  has the
bright chance, because TATA's partner, Japan¶s 
, have already has the support for
3G and if they win the auction, we can expect a faster response from them, to make this service
available for people.




  


When it comes to 3G it is believed that Samsung has overtaken Nokia, with the introduction of
Samsung Star touch Phone. The model number of this phone is S5603 .The main features, which
makes Samsung Star Touch Phone more popular than Nokia, for 3G services in India.

1) The price of Samsung Star Touch Phone is comparatively low and it is around Rs.11, 000
2) This phone is very attractive for its features and one of the key features is the Touch Screen
available for this phone.

3) In build memory is 80 MB and it can be expanded to 8 GB.

4) This phone has the Gesture control feature.

5) Wi Fi application is very good, but j




""$



;2
-
'#

! 

'


"$



>2
=


c;4




9

!
)
$



92


)
)


"





)
!$



<2
c
!
37


'


"


"




)
?





""

c


.$



:62
.

&

'$



*
!(

c
c



"
!
&

:8(666


:<(666$



*


&
)(


c

'

)
5>c6
(
)
>656
.

)

5>56$

"



'
"


"



$
4666
*
'$


&

&
&


"
(



:2
*
""
5
!
37




52
*
""

&
'
!
""
)
(


&
!
"$



c2

"
&
)
>656

G>8

)
5>56

G:5:$



82

&
&
)
5>56
(
=(
3
!(

")(
!!

0



#
/
#




""+
c

3




(



'(

&

'
&$

=
&

"

'
!

*(



!

$
c6(666(
#
"



!
"
&
G
:<<
1#
#


$
<(6662$




!
""
&


""
&
*(


""
+


j




!
"






'
&


186662

*$






"

'


"

#(


c
'

*





""

*(
#
,&


"
#

!
!(
$
8 $


 
 
c
 

 

Ê

 




   
 

Ê 
 


  
 
 
 
 





  

Ê  



 
  !"  #"$%  

 

 
 !
! 
  
   
Ê

 
 

  
 & ' 
 ( 
 &( ' 

 
 

 

      
  





 



 )
 


Ê  
 
* 


 

   
 
  
 Ê 




   
 !

 


   


  


 





+
 
 
 



- 3G refers to the third generation of mobile telephony (that is, cellular) technology. The
third generation, as the name suggests, follows two earlier generations.

The first generation (1G) began in the early 80's with commercial deployment of Advanced
Mobile Phone Service (AMPS) cellular networks. Early AMPS networks used Frequency
Division Multiplexing Access (FDMA) to carry analog voice over channels in the 800 MHz
frequency band.

The second generation (2G) emerged in the 90's when mobile operators deployed two competing
digital voice standards. In North America, some operators adopted IS-95, which used Code
Division Multiple Access (CDMA) to multiplex up to 64 calls per channel in the 800 MHz band.
Across the world, many operators adopted the Global System for Mobile communication (GSM)
standard, which used Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) to multiplex up to 8 calls per
channel in the 900 and 1800 MHz bands.

The International Telecommunications Union (ITU) defined the third generation (3G) of mobile
telephony standards ± IMT-2000 ± to facilitate growth, increase bandwidth, and support more
diverse applications. For example, GSM could deliver not only voice, but also circuit-switched
data at speeds up to 14.4 Kbps. But to support mobile multimedia applications, 3G had to deliver
packet-switched data with better spectral efficiency, at far greater speeds.

However, to get from 2G to 3G, mobile operators had make "evolutionary" upgrades to existing
networks while simultaneously planning their "revolutionary" new mobile broadband networks.
This lead to the establishment of two distinct 3G families: 3GPP and 3GPP2.
The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) was formed in 1998 to foster deployment of 3G
networks that descended from GSM. 3GPP technologies evolved as follows.

‡ General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) offered speeds up to 114 Kbps.

‡ Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution (EDGE) reached up to 384 Kbps.

‡ UMTS Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) offered downlink speeds up to 1.92 Mbps.

‡ High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) boosted the downlink to 14Mbps.

‡ LTE Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) is aiming for 100 Mbps.

GPRS deployments began in 2000, followed by EDGE in 2003. While these technologies are
defined by IMT-2000, they are sometimes called "2.5G" because they did not offer multi-
megabit data rates. EDGE has now been superceded by HSDPA (and its uplink partner HSUPA).
According to the 3GPP, there were 166 HSDPA networks in 75 countries at the end of 2007. The
next step for GSM operators: LTE E-UTRA, based on specifications completed in late 2008.

A second organization ± the 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) -- was formed to help
North American and Asian operators using CDMA2000 transition to 3G. 3GPP2 technologies
evolved as follows.

‡ One Times Radio Transmission Technology (1xRTT) offered speeds up to 144 Kbps.

‡ Evolution ± Data Optimized (EV-DO) increased downlink speeds up to 2.4 Mbps.

‡ EV-DO Rev. A boosted downlink peak speed to 3.1 Mbps and reduced latency.

‡ EV-DO Rev. B can use 2 to 15 channels, with each downlink peaking at 4.9 Mbps.

‡ Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) was slated to reach 288 Mbps on the downlink.

1xRTT became available in 2002, followed by commercial EV-DO Rev. 0 in 2004. Here again,
1xRTT is referred to as "2.5G" because it served as a transitional step to EV-DO. EV-DO
standards were extended twice ± Revision A services emerged in 2006 and are now being
succeeded by products that use Revision B to increase data rates by transmitting over multiple
channels. The 3GPP2's next-generation technology, UMB, may not catch on, as many CDMA
operators are now planning to evolve to LTE instead.

In fact, LTE and UMB are often called 4G (fourth generation) technologies because they
increase downlink speeds an order of magnitude. This label is a bit premature because what
constitutes "4G" has not yet been standardized. The ITU is currently considering candidate
technologies for inclusion in the 4G IMT-Advanced standard, including LTE, UMB, and
WiMAX II. Goals for 4G include data rates of least 100 Mbps, use of OFDMA transmission, and
packet-switched delivery of IP-based voice, data, and streaming multimedia