1.

OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES OF THE FIRE PROTECTION DESIGN

This report describes the design parameters, system requirements of fire protection
system for mixed occupancy (Assembly + Business) building Group D-6 & Group E-5 –
Office building height is more than 30 meter.

The objective of this report is to design a fire protection system as per National Building
Code, NBC 2005, Part IV of Fire & Life Safety.

Following are the systems proposed as per NBC & Local Fire Authority:

• Centralized Fire Water Tank and Pump room.

• Pumps and Pump room.

• Multi Jet Water curtain nozzles.

• Wet riser cum down comer system.

• External & Internal Fire Hydrants.

• Automatic sprinkler system.

• Addressable Fire detection & Alarm system.

• Public address system

• Extinguisher system.

2. DESIGN CRITERIA AND DESCRIPTION

Fire protection system shall be designed and installed as per NBC standards & Local
authority Requirements.

3. FIRE SUPRESSION SYSTEM:

Fire suppression system Office building is classified as follows;

Hydrant system (Internal & External).
Automatic sprinkler system.
Fire pumps.
Fire water storage tanks.
Fire extinguisher system.

4. HYDRANT SYSTEM (INTERNAL & EXTERNAL)

• Water supply for hydrant system (Internal & External) is required to be capable of
providing the water pressure and flow characteristics required by systems being
served.
• External yard hydrants near to the face of the building with maximum spacing of
45mts between hydrant points.
• Internal fire hydrant station consisting of landing valve and swinging type hose reel
 shall be provided at;
- All floors at every 1000sq.m interval at each floor landing near the staircase.

4.1 PROPOSED DESIGN:

• Fire Hydrant system (Internal & External): System shall be hydraulically designed to
provide water flow at a minimum pressure of 3.5bars at the outlet of remotest
hydrant valve. Each internal hydrant station shall comprise of double headed landing
valve, swinging type hose reel and other equipment.
• Internal hydrants shall be provided for every 1000sqm floor area at each floor
landing near the staircase.
• The minimum flow rate of 2850lpm.

• Internal hose connection and hose station shall be unobstructed and shall be located
near the staircase, opening to the common area. The shaft size shall be of 0.9mts x
1.2mts.
• The hydrant riser shall be terminated with air release valve at the highest point to
release the trapped air in the pipe network.
• The External hydrants shall be provided near the face of the building with the
maximum spacing of 45 mts between two external hydrants.
• Four way Fire Brigade inlet connection at ground level is provided at suitable location
to fill the rising mains of hydrant system, in case of failure of pumps.
• Water storage capacity: Combined water reservoir with minimum effective capacity
of 2,00,000 liters shall be provided to meet the minimum requirement of local
authority.

4.2 AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM: -

The purpose of automatic sprinkler system is to control the growth and spread of fire to
provide increased protection to occupants and the building structure.

Code Requirements

• As per NBC- building has been classified, under group E-5 & group D-6

• The water supply shall be capable of providing the system demand.

Requirements

Sprinkler system shall be providing at all Car parking floors. System shall consist with
Sprinkler risers, piping network with one layer of sprinkler piping, Sprinkler control
valve, Floor control valves and Sprinklers of suitable type. All sprinklers are 68 deg.
temperature rating, conventional standard response pendant type for office areas and
upright type for car parking areas as suitable / required at site. The Sprinklers are
designed to cover 9 to 12 sq.m each and design density of water shall be as per NBC.
Note: service rooms like Electrical, D.G. room, AHU room, Toilets, staircases, service
shafts and BMS rooms if any are not provided with sprinklers.
The sprinkler mains at each floor level consisting with stop valves & Flow switches,
which will transfer audio / visual indications to Fire alarm panel in case of water flow in
the pipes.

4.3 Proposed Design

• The sprinkler system shall be hydraulically designed in accordance with the above
requirement.
• The sprinklers in the buildings shall be fed from separate sprinkler riser located in the
landing of the staircases. Each floor shall be considered as separate zone to be
annunciate separately at Fire control room. The sprinklers piping network at each
floor shall be provide with suitable size of butterfly valve, flow switch and test drain
assembly.
• Isolation control valve (ICV) shall be provided for sprinkler system at suitable
location, for alarming in case of fire.

5. AUTOMATIC WATER CURTAIN SYSTEM:

• Proposed to provide automatic water curtain Multi jet spray nozzles in car parking.

• The proposed deign is with compartmentalizing in each Floor

• Open type nozzle with K factor 30 as per the design density

6. FIRE PUMPS:

• Separate electrical driven fire pumps for hydrant & sprinkler system and common
jockey pump and Diesel engine driven pump used for hydrant and sprinkler system.
However the diesel engine driven for both the system shall be common.
• The electrical pump shall be of 2850lpm@142M head. The minimum pressure
required at the farthest and remotest hydrant valve is 3.5bars and pump head is
calculated accordingly.
• Common jockey pump for both the systems shall be of 180lpm@142M head

• Common stand by diesel engine driven pumps for both the systems shall be of
2850lpm@142M head.
• The jockey pump shut down shall be automatic, whereas the main pumps and the
diesel engine for both the system shall have manual shut down.
• Fire pump test connection with flow measuring station shall be provided with piping
to re-circulate the pump's discharge to water supply tank or to the pump suction.
• Following is the configuration of fire pumps proposed;

a) One Electrical driven pump for Hydrant system

b) One Electrical driven pump for Sprinkler system
c) One common stand by diesel driven pump for hydrant & sprinkler system
d) One common jockey pump for hydrant & sprinkler system
e) One Booster pump at terrace level. (As per Local authority’s requirement)
6.1 SYSTEM OPERATION:

• When the sprinkler head, hydrant valve or hose reel opens, the pressure drop
in respective piping network which will be sensed by pressure switches installed on
delivery header of pumping system. This in turn switches on the respective jockey pump
automatically to meet the water requirement. In case of further drop, the respective
system main pump will start automatically to meet the water requirement. The jockey
pump will start and shut down automatically as per pressure gauge settings, whereas
the main pumps of both the systems and the diesel engine driven pump will start
automatically but shut down has to be done manually.
6.2. Proposed Design

Hand held fire extinguishers shall be located so that the maximum travel distance is not
more than 23mtrs and shall be located adjacent to fire hose reel cabinet. The fire
extinguishers are designed based on the requirement of Local authority.
Portable fire extinguishers are provided at the locations mentioned below;

• Dry chemical powder type extinguisher 6kg ABC type, conforming to IS: 2171
provided near;
a) Car parking areas (as per Local authority’s one for every 8 car parks)

b) In all plant rooms, laundry, kitchens, pantry, computer room, offices, cleaners room,
maintenance store, service store, Main switch board room, transformer room,
generator room, pump room and lift machine room.
• Water type fire extinguisher of 9 litres capacity conforming to IS: 940 located near;

a) Near staircase landing on every floor. Required as per APFS / Local authority’s
requirement.

• Carbon di oxide extinguisher of 4.5 kg conforming to IS: 2878, located in;

a) Electrical panel room, lift machine room

b) Plant rooms, kitchens, pantry, computer room, offices, cleaners store, maintenance
store & service store.
• Mechanical foam type extinguisher of 9 lts at HSD storage, D.G.Rooms, Fire water
pump house and near transformers.

6.3 ADDRESSABLE FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM

SYSTEM: - Proposed Design
These provisions are intended for early notifications to building occupants of a fire
scenario and inform building occupants to evaluate the area accordingly. Voice
Evacuation communication system is provided to evacuate the personals at emergency.
Individual panels are considered for Common Areas inclusive of Parking and office area
respectively. Floor wise isolator module to be considered irrespective of every 20
detectors.
Code requirements

Addressable analogue type fire detection and alarm system Designed and installed as
per National Building Code.

Major Equipment are:

• Addressable analogue Fire detection & alarm control panel.
• Multi sensor smoke detectors.
• Rate of rise heat detectors.
• Duct sensors.
• Field devices like modules. (input & output devices)
• Manual pull stations (break glass type)
• Electronic Hooters cum strobes
• Conduits / wiring
• Detectors are provided in all areas of the building.
• Manual call points and Hooters are provided at strategic locations. Near exits and
other areas such as Lobby & Common corridor nearby fire escape staircase.
• All detectors and Manual call points looped in ‘class – A’ wiring to Control
panel.

6.4 Proposed Design

6.4.1 NBC Part 4 is used as the basis for fire alarm system materials, components and
installation methods and the system shall be designed and installed as per National
Building code and IS 2189.

6.4.2 The main fire alarm control panel, including annunciation of devices and the
voice communication system master controls, is located in the Facility room / Fire
Control Room / Fire Command Centre in Basement 1 floor Level.
6.4.3 Manual call points shall be provided outside each door to all exit stairs, at exit
doors to the exterior of the building so that maximum travel distance to a call point
shall not exceeds 45 meters based on the local and NBC requirements. In the event of
fire, the occupant who is rushing through the staircase can operate the manual call
point. On operation of the manual call point, the control panel which is located in the
centralized location, being monitored round the clock, initiates an alarm through the
electronic hooters, while registering the affected zone.
6.4.4 System is compatible for integration with IBMS for monitoring.
6.4.5 Office floors shall be with addressable photoelectric type Smoke detectors and
Service areas shall be with Heat detectors. (These smoke and heat detectors having
provision to connect the response indicator). Manual pull stations, electronic Hooters &
Conduits wiring).
6.4.6 The detectors shall be designed to cover floor plate area of 50 sq.m and each
loop shall be associated accessories like fault isolation modules, Control / Monitor
modules and Response indicators (the above detectors and devises are provided for
only common area’s like passenger and service lift lobby’s only).
6.5 PUBLIC ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM:
Automatic and manual voice evacuation system will be an integral part of life safety
system.

Automatic voice evacuation alarm tones and messages will be initiated by the Fire
alarm system located in FCC. It will be arranged to initiate automatic phased or full
evacuation in accordance with the buildings configuration and the requirements of the
local fire authorities.

The main objective of the EVC System is to convey clear and audible instructions to all
the people on all floors
/ buildings incase of occurrence of fire / other emergency to reach a place of safety in
the open, outside the buildings. The sound output should not be so loud that people
nearest to the speakers feel uncomfortable, nor so weak that people away cannot listen
what is being broadcast. This is achieved by working the system at 60 to 75% power
output and distributing speakers uniformly all over floor area.

Major Equipments are:

The system will comprise of a microphone of suitable technical specification for voice
communication, to convert speech into electrical pulses. These pulses will be fed into
“pre-amplifiers” from here, the amplified pulses will be branched off to feed a set of
amplifiers, from where the output power is fed to loud - speakers on various
floors/buildings obtain the desired objective.

The system shall consist of:

a. Control consoles
b. Amplifiers in Racks
c. Speakers
d. Fire men telephone jack.
e. Connecting cables and Racks for mounting above.

The PA console, goose neck mic, PA ON/OFF switch shall be located in Security / BMS
room/Facility room. Amplifier as required shall be placed in each floor. (As per floor
requirement).

Proposed design:
I. Designed and installed as per Local authority.
II. P.A. Speakers shall mount on floors near each Staircase, common areas,
corridors etc.
III. Announcement shall be done in case of Emergency.
IV. Fireman telephone jack/ system. With two ways talk back facility.

6.6 CABLE AND WIRINGS:

All wiring for fire detection system shall be stranded plain copper conductor, FRLS (fire
resistant Low Smoke)