• Scleroderma Trauma

• Achalasia • Boils
NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS • Inclusion dermoid
CVA • Malignant disease
• Bulbar palsy EXTERNAL AUDITORY MEATUS
Motor neurone disease Otitis externa
• Myasthenia gravis • Furuncle
• Malignant disease
DYSPNOEA MIDDLE EAR
SUDDEN (SECONDS TO MINUTES) Acute otitis media
Pneumothorax • Chronic otitis media
• Chest trauma • Mastoiditis
• Aspiration REFERRED PAIN
• Anxiety Dental problems
• Pulmonary oedema • Pharynx
• Pulmonary embolism • Tonsillitis
• Anaphylaxis • Pharyngitis
ACUTE (HOURS TO DAYS) • Foreign body
Asthma • Quinsy
• Respiratory tract infection • Carcinoma of the posterior third
• Pleural effusion
• Lung tumours EYE DISORDERS
• Metabolic acidosis EYELIDS
CHRONIC (MONTHS TO YEARS) Stye (hordeolum)
Chronic airflow limitation (COPD) • Xanthelasma
• Anaemia • Blepharitis
• Arrhythmia • Meibomian cyst
• Valvular heart disease • Entropion
• Cardiac failure • Ectropion
• Cystic fibrosis EYE
• Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis SURFACE
• Chest wall deformities Trauma
• Neuromuscular disorders • Foreign body
• Pulmonary hypertension Conjunctivitis
Bacterial
EAR DISORDERS • Viral
LOCAL • Allergic
EXTERNAL EAR • Chlamydial