Useful expressions Useful expressions

Contrast Contrast
In spite of / Despite In spite of / Despite
Although / (Even) though Although / (Even) though
However, / Nevertheless, / Even so, / On the However, / Nevertheless, / Even so, / On the
contrary, / In contrast, contrary, / In contrast,
On the one hand, … On the other hand, … On the one hand, … On the other hand, …
Whereas Whereas

Reason and cause Reason and cause

Because / Since / Seeing that, / That’s why, Because / Since / Seeing that, / That’s why,
Because of / Due to Because of / Due to

Purpose Purpose
In order to / So as to In order to / So as to

Consequence Consequence
Consequently, / As a consequence, / As a Consequently, / As a consequence, / As a
result, / Therefore, result, / Therefore,

Addition Addition
Moreover, / Furthermore, / In addition, Moreover, / Furthermore, / In addition,
/ Besides, / What's more, / In addition to / / Besides, / What's more, / In addition to /

Exemplification Exemplification
For example / For instance / Such as For example / For instance / Such as

Succession/Order
First of all, / Firstly, / To begin with, / First, / At
first sight, / To start with,
Second, / Secondly, / Then,
Third, / Thirdly, / After that,
Succession/Order
First of all, / Firstly, / To begin with, / First, / At
first sight, / To start with,
Second, / Secondly, / Then,
Third, / Thirdly, / After that,

Conclusion Conclusion
Finally, / In short, / To sum up, / In conclusion, Finally, / In short, / To sum up, / In conclusion,

Expressing a personal opinion Expressing a personal opinion

As far as I am concerned, As far as I am concerned,
From my point of view, From my point of view,
I agree with … I agree with …
I disagree with … I disagree with …
In my opinion, In my opinion,
I believe that … I believe that …
It is true that … It is true that …
I personally think that … I personally think that …
To be honest, To be honest,
To tell the truth, To tell the truth,
FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH A SUITABLE LINKER
1. ………………………….. their parents opposition, Tom and Ann decided to get married.
2. ………………………………. I have a great respect for him, I don´t particularly like him.
3. Tim isn´t suitable for the job. He´s too old. ………………………………, he isn´t interested.
4. …………………………….. there are no more questions to discuss, we can finish the meeting.
5. Brian is leaving the company ……………………………… his age.
6. Linkers are quite difficult to learn. ……………………….., they are worth studying.
7. The temperature in Saudi Arabia can reach 50º C ………………….. a lot of business is done early in the day.
8. Nora eats green vegetables ……………………………… they are good for her health.
9. The old system was quite complicated ……………………… the new one is really simple.
10. We started a fire …………………………… keep us warm in the cold night.
REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING THE WORDS IN BRACKETS.
1. Bill had lived in Spain for six years, so he spoke Spanish fluently. (since)
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3. I don´t know Helen very much. Nevertheless, I like her. (in spite of )
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4. The weather was very hot, so we all felt tired. (due to)
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6. They are old but they know how to enjoy life. (despite)
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7. The game was so easy that even a child could play it. (such)
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9. He speaks Chinese and he can also read it. (furthermore)
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10. I‘m going to do more sport because I want to lose some weight. (in order to)
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11. I worked hard although I didn´t get the results I expected. (although)
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15. You may not feel like doing it but you should visit your aunt. (however)
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FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH A SUITABLE LINKER

11. ………………………….. their parents opposition, Tom and Ann decided to get married.
12. ………………………………. I have a great respect for him, I don´t particularly like him.
13. Tim isn´t suitable for the job. He´s too old. ………………………………, he isn´t interested.
14. …………………………….. there are no more questions to discuss, we can finish the meeting.
15. Brian is leaving the company ……………………………… his age.
16. Linkers are quite difficult to learn. ……………………….., they are worth studying.
17. The temperature in Saudi Arabia can reach 50º C ………………….. a lot of business is done early in the day.
18. Nora eats green vegetables ……………………………… they are good for her health.
19. The old system was quite complicated ……………………… the new one is really simple.
20. We started a fire …………………………… keep us warm in the cold night.
REWRITE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES USING THE WORDS IN BRACKETS.
16. Bill had lived in Spain for six years, so he spoke Spanish fluently. (since)
_______________________________________________________________________
17. I don´t know Helen very much. Nevertheless, I like her. (in spite of )
_______________________________________________________________________
18. The weather was very hot, so we all felt tired. (due to)
_______________________________________________________________________
19. They are old but they know how to enjoy life. (despite)
_______________________________________________________________________
20. The game was so easy that even a child could play it. (such)
_______________________________________________________________________
21. He speaks Chinese and he can also read it. (furthermore)
_______________________________________________________________________
22. I‘m going to do more sport because I want to lose some weight. (in order to)
_______________________________________________________________________
23. I worked hard although I didn´t get the results I expected. (although)
_______________________________________________________________________
24. You may not feel like doing it but you should visit your aunt. (however)
_______________________________________________________________________