Kings of Israel and Judah

This article is an overview of the kings of the United Kingdom of Israel as well as
those of its successor states and classical period kingdoms ruled by the Hasmonean
dynasty and Herodian dynasty.

In contemporary scholarship the united monarchy is generally held to be a literary

construction and not a historical reality, due to the lack of archeological evidence for
it. It is generally accepted that a "House of David" existed, but many believe that
David could have only been the monarch or chieftain of Judah, which was likely
small, and that the northern kingdom was a separate development. There are some
dissenters to this view.[1][2][3][4]

Contents
Family tree
Coronation of David, as depicted in
List of kings the Paris Psalter
House of Gideon
House of Saul
House of David
Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)
Kingdom of Judah
Hasmonean dynasty
Herodian dynasty
See also
References
External links

Family tree
 Family tree

Jesse

Family tree (Hasmonean-Herodian)

Phinehas

List of kings
[1]
The Bible describes a succession of kings of a united kingdom, and then of divided kingdoms.

House of Gideon
Abimelech – the son of Gideon, was the first man declared a king in Israel.[5]

House of Saul
According to the Bible, the Tribes of Israel lived as a confederation under ad hoc
charismatic leaders called judges. In around 1020 BCE, under extreme threat from
foreign peoples, the tribes united to form the first United Kingdom of Israel. Samuel
anointed Saul from the Tribe of Benjamin as the first king.

Saul
Ish-bosheth

House of David
Saul and David by Rembrandt
David (c. 1003–970 BCE) – madeJerusalem the capital of Israel.
Solomon (c. 970–930 BCE)
Rehoboam (c. 930–915 BCE)
After Rehoboam reigned three years,[6] the United Kingdom of Israel was divided in
two – the northern Kingdom of Israel under Jeroboam, with its capital, first in
Shechem, then Penuel, Tirzah, and finally Samaria, and ruled by a series of dynasties
beginning with Jeroboam; and the southernKingdom of Judah with its capital still in
Jerusalem and ruled by the House of David. Under Hezekiah rule in the Kingdom of
Judah, the Neo-Assyrian Empire conquered and destroyed the northern kingdom 722
BCE leaving only the southern kingdom of Judah.

Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)

The Tel Dan Stele with reference to
Jeroboam
the "House of David"
Nadab
Baasha
Elah
Zimri
Omri
Ahab
Ahaziah
Jehoram
Jehu
Jehoahaz
Jehoash
Jeroboam II
Zechariah
Shallum
Menahem
Pekahiah
Pekah
Hoshea

Kingdom of Judah
Abijah (r. 915–912 BCE)
Asa (r. 912–870 BCE)
Jehoshaphat (r. 870–849 BCE)
Jehoram (r. 849–842 BCE)
Ahaziah (r. 842–840 BCE)
Athaliah (Queen) (r. 840–836 BCE)
Jehoash (r. 836–796 BCE)
 Amaziah (r. 796–767 BCE)
Uzziah (r. 767–750 BCE)
Jotham (r. 750–735 BCE)
Ahaz (r. 735–716 BCE)
Hezekiah (r. 729/716 – 697/687 BCE)
Manasseh (r. 697/687–643 BCE)
Amon (r. 643–640 BCE)
Josiah (r. 640–609 BCE)
Jehoahaz (r. 609 BCE)
Jehoiakim (r. 609–598 BCE)
Jeconiah (r. Dec 9, 598– March 15, 597 BCE)
Zedekiah (r. 597–586 BCE)

Hasmonean dynasty
Aristobulus I (r. 104–103 BCE)
Alexander Jannaeus (r. 103–76 BCE)
Salome Alexandra (Queen, r. 76–67 BCE)
Aristobulus II (r. 67–63 BCE)
Hyrcanus II (r. 63–40 BCE)
Antigonus II Mattathias(r. 40–37 BCE)

The descendants of Mattathias

Herodian dynasty
Herod the Great (r. 37–4 BCE)
Table on the Kings

See also
History of ancient Israel and Judah
List of Hasmonean and Herodian rulers
List of Jewish leaders in the Land of Israel
Lists of ancient kings

References
1. Lipschits, Oded (2014). "The history of Israel in the biblical period".In
Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Marc Zvi. The Jewish Study Bible(https://books.g
oogle.com/books?id=yErYBAAAQBAJ&dq)(2nd ed.). Oxford University This table describes the Kings, their
Press. ISBN 978-0-19-997846-5. "The promonarchic period long ago parents, age they lived, the prophets
became a literary description of the mythological roots, the early who influenced them, and the
beginnings of the nation, and the way to describe the right of Israel on emperors they encountered in battle.
its land. The archeological evidence also does not support the existence
of a united monarchy under David and Solomon as described in the
Bible, so the rubric of "united monarchy" is best abandoned, although it remains useful for discussing how the Bible
views the Israelite past."
2. Finkelstein, Israel; Silberman, Neil Asher (2001). The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel
and the Origin of its Stories(https://books.google.com/books?id=lu6ywyJr0CMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+Bible
+Unearthed:+Archaeology%27s+New+Vision+of+Ancient+Israel+and+the+Origin+of+its+Stories&hl=de&sa=X&ved=
0ahUKEwiJ5sny_M7bAhWVnoMKHawvAt4Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=The%20Bible%20Unearthed%3A%20Archa
eology's%20New%20Vision%20of%20Ancient%20Israel%20and%20the%20Origin%20of%20its%20Stories&f=false)
. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-684-86912-8.
 3. Kuhrt, Amélie (1995). The Ancient Near East, c. 3000-330 BC, Band 1(https://books.google.com/books?id=V_sfMz
RPTgoC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Kuhrt,+Amiele+(1995).+The+Ancient+Near+East.&hl=de&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwib
wai7_c7bAhWM7YMKHUcWBIwQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=Kuhrt%2C%20Amiele%20(1995).%20The%20Ancien
t%20Near%20East.&f=false). New York: Routledge. p. 438.ISBN 978-0-41516-762-8.
4. Wright, Jacob L. (July 2014). "David, King of Judah (not Israel)"(http://www.bibleinterp.com/articles/2014/07/wri3880
01.shtml). The Bible and Interpretation.
5. Judges 9:6 (http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt0709.htm#6)
6. 2 Chronicles 11:17 (http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt25b11.htm#17)

External links
King at the Jewish Encyclopedia
Kings of the Jews at Project MUSE
Kings of the Jews: Israel, Judah, Hasmoneans & Herodiansat The Algemeiner

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