WHAT IS HOUSEHOLD CIRCUIT?

Household circuit is an electrical system that basically controls the flows of electricity at our
house . In our house, the more things that are turned on, the more current is requested . Thus the
meter in the meter box ticks over quicker and it costs us more money.

The electrical service in our house is divided into branch circuits, each of which supplies power
to every area of our house. It is important to make sure that no branch circuit is carrying too great
load or it will cause us a problem to reset breakers or replacing fuses. Some appliances need to
have a circuit for themselves.

A well-planned electrical system will have branch circuits that serve easily every areas or
purposes.

Typical home circuit plan :

HOUSEHOLD WIRING SYSTEM.

The standard household wiring design has two 120 volt "hot" wires and a neutral which is at
ground potential. The two 120 volt wires are obtained by grounding the center tap of the
transformer supplying the house so that when one hot wire is swinging positive to ground, the
other is swinging negative. This design allows the use of either hot wire to supply the standard
120 volt household circuits. For higher power applications like clothes dryers, electric ranges, air
conditioners, and etc. Both hot wires can be used to produce a 240 volt circuit.
 120 joules of energy
transported by each Standard household The electric charge
coulomb of charge. A circuit has an effective which flows in the house
coulomb of charge is the voltage of about 120 through electric circuits
amount of charge carried volts, and voltage carries with it useful
through a wire per represents energy per energy which can use for
second if an electric unit charge. a variety of tasks.
current of 1 ampere is
flowing.

If you are operating an

The energy which is carried
appliance with 1 ampere of
by the charge is used by
current supplied at a
transforming it to
voltage of 120 volts, you
accomplish heating, lighting
are using electric energy at
, mechanical work (motors),
the rate of 120 watts of
and more.
electric power.

The charge at zero As the charge progresses

volts is carried back to through the appliance, its
the electrical panel voltage drops from 120
through the neutral volts to zero volts with
wire and then respect to the earth. This
transported to the charge is then dumped to
earth by the ground the earth through the
wire attached to the ground wire.
HOUSEHOLD CIRCUIT USE ENERGY – DON NOT USE ELECTRIC CHARGE.

electrical panel.
The use of electrical energy in a home is a part of a cycle which allows to use the energy
provided by a electric generator. People thereby take advantage of burning coal, oil, natural gas
or using nuclear energy to provide the energy needed at home.

At the generator, charge is taken from the earth at zero volts, and work is done on that charge to
raise its voltage, provide a high energy AC voltage out of the generator. That voltage is raised
higher by transformers for efficient transport of the electric energy cross the house. Other
transformers lower the voltage to standard supply voltages for our house respectively. After
using the energy on the charge, the spent charge return back to the earth which acts as a large
reservoir for electric charge.
THE EARTH LINE.

An additional line is used in houses, the earth line, a green coated wire (with a yellow stripe),
which is supposed to be a safety wire. This wire runs to a copper rod deeply inserted into the soil
outside our house. It connects to the frame of our appliance through the plugs and sockets, and
exists if the active wire comes loose and touches the metal frame. Then the current will go
directly into the earth.

Active - brown

Neutral - blue

Earth - green / yellow