C LANGUAGE BASICS

 Define local block?

 Variables should be stored in local blocks. Yes or no?
 A switch statement is better than multiple if statements in what all situations?
 Can a switch statement be written without a default case?
 Is it possible for the last case of a switch statement to skip including the break?
 Barring the for statement, where else is the comma operator used?
 How do you determine whether a loop ended prematurely?
 Differentiate between goto, long jmp( ) and setjmp()?
 Explain lvalue?
 Can an array be an lvalue?
 Explain rvalue?
 Is right-to-left or left-to-right order guaranteed for operator precedence?
 Differentiate between ++var and var++?
 Explain the function of the modulus operator?
 What is the most efficient way to store flag values?
 Explain "bit masking"?
 Are bit fields portable?
 Is it better to bitshift a value than to multiply by 2?
 What is meant by high-order and low-order bytes?
 What is the way to store 16-bit and 32-bit numbers ?
 Explain macro and its usage
 What purpose does preprocessor fulfill for a program?
 How can you avoid including a header more than once?
 With the help of #include , can a file other than a .h file be included?
 What is the benefit of using #define while declaring a constant?
 What is the benefit of using enum while declaring a constant?
 Why is it better to use an enum rather than a #define constant?
 In demo versions, how are the portions of a program disabled?
 What is better? Using a macro or using a function?
 Explain the best way to comment out a section of code that contains comments?
 Differentiate between #include and #include "file"?
 Can it be defined which header file to include at compile time?
 Is it possible that include files be nested?
 How many levels deep can you nest include files?
 Explain the significance of concatenation operator?
 How do you create type-insensitive macros?
 What are the standard predefined macros?
 Explain the way to make a program print the line number where an error occurs?
 Explain the way to make a program print the name of a source file where an error occurs?
 How do you tell whether a program was compiled using C versus C++?
 What is a pragma? What is #line used for?
 Explain the usage of #line?
 Explain the significance of __DATE__ and __TIME__ preprocessor commands?
 How do you make sure that a program follows the ANSI C standard?
 What is the procedure to override a defined macro?
 How do you check whether a symbol is defined?
 Do array subscripts always start with zero?
 Can we address one element beyond the end of an array?
 Is it possible to tell the size of an array passed to a function with the help of the size of
operator?
 What is better to navigate an array of values? To use a pointer or to use a subscripted
array name?
 Can an array tag be assigned a different address?
 Differentiate between array_name and &array_name?
 Why don't we use constant values to define an array's initial size?
 Differentiate between a string and an array?
 Is there an error if errno contains a non-zero number?
 What is a stream?
 How is a standard stream redirected?
 How is a redirected standard stream restored?
 Can we force stdout to be printed somewhere other than the screen?
 Differentiate between text and binary modes?
 How is it determined whether a stream function or a low-level function should be used?
 How are the files listed in a directory?
 How are the files' date and time listed in a directory?
 How are the file names sorted in a directory?
 How are the attributes of a file determined?
 How is the PATH viewed?
 How can a file be opened so that other programs can update it at the same time?
 How can it be made sure that my program is the only one accessing a file?
 How can it be prevented that another program from modify a part of a file that I am
modifying?
 How can Abort, Retry and Fail messages be avoided?
 How do I read and write comma-delimited text?
 Where are my variables stored in memory?
 Is it needed for the variables to be initialized?
 Explain the usage of a const pointer?
 When should the register modifier be used? How does it help if at all it does?
 When should we use the volatile modifier?
 Is it possible for a variable to be both const and volatile?
 When should we use the const modifier?
 How reliable are floating-point comparisons?
 How do you determine the maximum value that a numeric variable can hold?
 Do any problems occur if we try to perform mathematical operations on different variable
types?
 Explain operator promotion?
 When should we use type cast?
 When should we not use a type cast?
 Can a variable be declared / defined in a C header?
 Differentiate between declaring a variable and defining a variable?
 Can we declare static variables in a header file?
 How does it benefit to use const for declaring constants?
 When should a function be declared?
 When do we prototype a function?
 How many parameters should a function have?
 What is a static function?
 Is it necessary for a function to contain a return statement if it does not return a value?
 How do you pass an array to a function by value?
 Can the code be executed after it exits the main() function?
 What does a function that is declared as PASCAL do differently?
 Is it the same thing to use exit()or use return?
 Differentiate between a string copy (strcpy) and a memory copy (memcpy)? Explain the
usage of each
 How do I remove the trailing spaces from a string?
 How do I remove the leading spaces from a string?
 How do I right-justify a string?
 How do I pad a string to a known length?
 How do I copy just a portion of a string?
 How do I convert a number to a string?
 How do I convert a string to a number?
 How do you determine if two strings are the same?
 Explain the way to print only part of a string?
 What is indirection?
 How many levels of pointers are possible?
 What is a null pointer?
 When do we use a null pointer?
 What is a void pointer?
 When do we use a void pointer?
 Can pointers be subtracted from each other? When is it done?
 Is NULL always defined as 0(zero)?
 Is NULL always equal to 0(zero)?
 What does it signify when a pointer is used in an if statement?
 Can pointers be added? When is it done?
 How do you use a pointer to a function?
 When do you use a pointer to a function?
 Can the array be declared at runtime?
 Use of which of these is better: malloc() or calloc()?
 How is an array that can hold more than 64KB of data declared?
Page 2
 Differentiate between far and near?
 When is the far pointer used?
 What is a stack?
 What is a heap?
 What happens if we free a pointer twice?
 Differentiate between NULL and NUL?
 What is a "null pointer assignment" error? Explain bus errors, memory faults, and core
dumps?
 How is the size of an allocated portion of memory determined?
 How does free() know how much memory should be released?
 Can we perform math operations on a void pointer?
 How is an address printed?
 Why should we use standard library functions instead of writing our own?
 To define the standard library functions that we use, what header files do we need?
 How are functions that take a variable number of arguments written?
 Differentiate between a free-standing and a hosted environment?
 Mention the standard functions available to manipulate strings?
 How is it determined whether a character is numeric, alphabetic, and so on?
 What is a "locale"?
 Is there a way to jump out of a function or functions? If yes, what?
 What is a signal? What do I use signals for?
 Why should variable names not be started with underscores?
 What are the math functions available for integers? For floating point?
 What are multi-byte characters?
 How can I manipulate strings of multi-byte characters?

OPERATING SYSTEM
 Explain the concept of Reentrancy?
 Explain Belady's Anomaly?
 What is a binary semaphore? Explain its use
 What is thrashing?
 Mention the Coffman's conditions that lead to a deadlock
 What is short, long and medium-term scheduling?
 What are turnaround time and response time?
 What are the typical elements of a process image?
 What is the Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB)?
 What is the resident set and working set of a process?
 When is a system in safe state?
 What is cycle stealing?
 What is meant by arm-stickiness?
 What are the stipulations of C2 level security?
 What is busy waiting?
 Explain the popular multiprocessor thread-scheduling strategies
 When does the condition 'rendezvous' arise?
 What is a trap and trapdoor?
 What are local and global page replacements?
 Define latency, transfer and seek time with respect to disk I/O
 Describe the Buddy system of memory allocation
 What is time-stamping?
 How do the wait/signal operations for monitor differ from those for semaphores?
 In the context of memory management, what are placement and replacement algorithms?
 In loading programs into memory, what is the difference between load-time dynamic
linking and runtime dynamic linking?
 What is demand-paging and pre-paging?
 Paging a memory management function while multiprogramming a processor
management functions: are the two interdependent?
 What is page cannibalizing?
 What has triggered the need for multitasking in PCs?
 What are the four layers that Windows NT has in order to achieve independence?
 What is SMP?
 What are the key object-oriented concepts used by Windows NT?
 Is Windows NT a full blown object oriented operating system? Give reasons
 What is a drawback of MVT?
 What is process spawning?
 How many jobs can be run concurrently on MVT?
 List out some reasons for process termination
 What are the reasons for process suspension?
 What is process migration?
 What is mutant?
 What is an idle thread?
 What is FtDisk?
 List the possible threads a thread can have
 List rings in Windows NT
 What is Executive in Windows NT?
 What are the sub-components of I/O manager in Windows NT?
 What are DDks? Name an operating system that includes this feature
 What level of security does Windows NT meet?
 Why is paging used?
 What is fragmentation? What are the different types of fragmentations?
 Differentiate between XP and Windows 2000
 Differentiate between hard and soft real time systems
 What is arm-stickiness?
 In the context of memory management, what are replacement and placement algorithms?
 When does Blue Screen Error occur in a computer?
 What is throughput, turnaround time, waiting time and response time?
 What are the requirements for virtual memory architecture?
 DATA STRUCTURES
 What is Data Structure? Define Traversing, Sorting, searching, inserting and deleting in
data structure?
 What is Sparse Matrices?
 In which Areas data structures are applied?
 What is Binary search Algorithm? What is Complexity and Limitation of the binary
search algorithm?
 What is the minimum number of queues needed to implement the priority queue?
 What major data structures are used in the following areas: RDBMS, Network data model
and Hierarchical data model?
 What is Bubble Sort and complexity of the Bubble sort algorithm?
 What is Linear Search and complexity of the Linear Search Algorithm?
 Convert the expression A+ ( B* C-( D / E ^ F) * G ) * H to equivalent Prefix and Postfix
notations ?
 Define QUICKSORT? What is complexity of Quick sort Algorithm?
 Difference between Queue, DEQUES and Priority Queues?
 Which data structure is used to perform recursion?
 What is an Extended Binary tree? What are the different ways of traversing a binary tree?
 What is Complexity of Binary Searching Algorithm? What are the various applications of
binary search Trees?
 What is AVL Search Tree? What is the Full form of AVL in AVL Tree?
 In what condition is the balancing done in an AVL tree?
 Define HEAPSORT? What is complexity of Heapsort?
 How is Binary Tree different from general tree?
 Difference between Bread First Search and Depth first Search? Which data structures are
used by DFS and BFS?
 Difference Between insertion sort and selection sort
 What is the Complexity of Merge- sort Algorithm ?
 What is Radix Sort? What is the complexity of radix sort?
 Define Hashing? What are the popular Hash functions?
 What are the various Limitations of Binary search Algorithm?
 What are the various applications of data structure?
 Difference between pre order traversal, post order traversal and in order traversal?
 What are m –way Search Trees?
 What is the complexity of Linear search Algorithm?
 Define Merge sort? What is the complexity of Merge Sort Algorithm?
 What are the various techniques for traversing a graph?
 What are the various methods of representing Binary tress in memory?
 What is Huffman’s algorithm?
 What are the various methods for storing sequential files?
 What is Polish Notation and reverse polish Notation?
 In RDBMS, what is the most efficient data structure used in the internal storage
representation?
 What is collision Resolution? How is the efficiency of a hash function with a collision
resolution procedure is measured?
 What is WARSHALL’s Algorithm?
 What is the type of algorithm used to solve the 8 Queens problem?
 Does the minimum spanning tree of a graph give the shortest distance between any 2
specified nodes?

DATABASE MANAGEMENT
 What is Database?
 What is DBMS?
 What is a Database system?
 Explain the advantages of DBMS?
 Explain the disadvantages of the File Processing System?
 Mention and describe the three levels of data abstraction?
 Define the "integrity rules"?
 What is extension and intension?
 What is System R? What are its two major subsystems?
 How is the data structure of relational structure different from System R?
 Explain Data Independence?
 What is a view? Explain its relation with data independence?
 What is a Data Model?
 What is an E-R model?
 What is Object Oriented model?
 What is an Entity?
 What is an Entity type?
 What is an Entity set?
 What is an Extension of entity type?
 What is Weak Entity set?
 What is an attribute?
 What is a Relation Schema and a Relation?
 What is Relationship?
 What is Relationship set?
 What is Relationship type?
 What is degree of Relationship type?
 What is DDL (Data Definition Language)?
 What is VDL (View Definition Language)?
 What is SDL (Storage Definition Language)?
 What is Data Storage - Definition Language?
 What is DML (Data Manipulation Language)?
 What is DML Compiler?
 What is Query evaluation engine?
 What is DDL Interpreter?
 What is Record-at-a-time?
 What is Set-at-a-time or Set-oriented?
 What is Relational Algebra?
 What is Relational Calculus?
 How does Tuple-oriented relational calculus differ from domain-oriented relational
calculus?
 What is normalization?
 What is Functional Dependency?
 Explain Lossless join property?
 What is 1 NF (Normal Form)?
 Explain Fully Functional dependency?
 What is 2NF?
 What is 3NF?
 What is BCNF (Boyce-Codd Normal Form)?
 What is 4NF?
 What is 5NF?
 What is Domain-Key Normal Form?
 What are partial, alternate, artificial, compound and natural keys?
 What is indexing? What are the different kinds of indexing?
 What is system catalog or catalog relation? What is it better known as?
 Explain query optimization.
 What does durability in DBMS mean?
 What do you mean by: atomicity and aggregation?
 Explain Phantom Deadlock?
 What is a checkpoint? When does it occur?
 What are the different phases of a transaction?
 What is flat file database?
 What is "transparent DBMS"?
 What is a query?
 What do we mean by Correlated subquery?
 Mention the primitive operations common to all record management systems?
 Name the buffer in which all the commands that are typed in are stored?
 List the unary operations in Relational Algebra?
 Are the resulting relations of PRODUCT and JOIN operation the same?
 What is RDBMS KERNEL?
 Name the sub-systems of an RDBMS.
 Which part of the RDBMS takes care of the data dictionary? How?
 What is the job of the information stored in datadictionary?
 How do you communicate with an RDBMS?
 Define SQL and state the differences between SQL and other conventional programming
Languages.
 Name the three major set of files on disk that compose a database in Oracle.
 What is database Trigger?
 What are stored-procedures? And what are their advantages?
 What is Storage Manager?
 What is Buffer Manager?
 What is Transaction Manager?
 What is Authorization and Integrity manager?
 What are stand-alone procedures?
 What are cursors. Give different types of cursors?
 In case of Oracle, what is cold backup and hot backup?
 What is meant by Proactive, Retroactive and Simultaneous Update
 JAVA BASICS
 Differentiate between a constructor and a method?
 What is the purpose of garbage collection in Java? When is it used?
 Describe synchronization in respect to multithreading
 What is an abstract class?
 Differentiate between an Interface and an Abstract class?
 What is a different way of using thread?
 What is an Iterator?
 State the significance of public, private, protected, default modifiers both singly and in
combination and state the effect of package relationships on declared items qualified by
these modifiers.
 What is static in java?
 What is final class?
 What if the main() method is declared as private?
 What if the static modifier is removed from the signature of the main() method?
 What difference does it make if I write static public void instead of public static void?
 What if I do not provide the String array as the argument to the method?
 What is the first argument of the String array in main() method?
 If I do not provide any arguments on the command line, then the will the String array of
main()method be empty or null?
 Using one line of code, how can it be proved that the array is not null but empty?
 What all environment variables do I need to set on my system in order to be able to run
Java programs?
 Can we have an application that has multiple classes having main() method?
 Can we have multiple main() methods in the same class?
 Do I need to import java lang package any time? Why?
 Can I import the same package/class twice? Will the JVM load the package twice at
runtime?
 Explain Checked and UnChecked Exception?
 What is Overriding?
 At compile time, are the imports checked for validity? Example: will the code containing
an import such as java.lang.ABCD compile?
 Does importing a package import the subpackages as well? Example: Does importing
com.MyTest.*
 also import com.MyTest.UnitTests.*?
 Differentiate between declaring a variable and defining a variable.
 What is the default value of an object reference declared as an instance variable?
 Can we make a top level class private or protected?
 What type of parameter passing does Java support?
 Primitive data types are passed by reference or passed by value?
 Objects are passed by value or by reference?
 Explain serialization?
 How do I serialize an object to a file?
 Which methods of Serializable interface should I implement?
 How can I customize the seralization process? i.e. how can one have a control over the
serialization process?
 What is the common usage of serialization?
 What is an Externalizable interface?
 What happens to the object references included in the object when you serialize an
object?
 What should one take care of while serializing the object?
 What happens to the static fields of a class during serialization?
 Does Java provide any construct to find out the size of an object?
 What are wrapper classes?
 Why wrapper classes required?
 What are checked exceptions?
 What are runtime exceptions?
 What is the difference between an error and an exception?
 How do you create custom exceptions?
 What should I do if I want an object of my class to be thrown as an exception object?
 If my class already extends from some other class then what should I do if I want an
instance of my class to be thrown as an exception object?
 How does an exception permeate through the code?
 Explain the different ways to handle exceptions?
 Is it necessary that each try block be followed by a catch block?
 If I write return at the end of the try block, will the finally block still execute?
 If I write System.exit(0); at the end of the try block, will the finally block still execute?
 How are Observer and Observable used?
 What is synchronization? Why is it important?
 How does Java handle integer overflows and underflows?
 Does garbage collection guarantee that a program will not run out of memory?
 Differentiate between preemptive scheduling and time slicing?
 What is the initial state of a thread when it is created and started?
 What is the purpose of finalization?
 What is the significance of Locale class?
 Differentiate between a while statement and a do statement?
 Differentiate between static and non-static variables?
 How are this() and super() used with constructors?
 What is daemon thread and which method is used to create the daemon thread?
 Can applets communicate with each other?
 Explain the steps in the JDBC connection.
 How does a try statement determine which catch clause should be used to handle an
exception?
 Can an unreachable object become reachable again?
 What method must be implemented by all threads?
 What are synchronized methods and synchronized statements?
 What modifiers are allowed for methods in an Interface?
 Mention some alternatives to inheritance.
 What do we mean when we say that a method or field is "static"?
 Differentiate between preemptive scheduling and time slicing.
 What is the catch or declare rule for method declarations?
 Is Empty java file a valid source file?
 Can a java file contain more than one java classes?
 Is String a primitive data type in Java?
 Is main a keyword in Java?
 Is next a keyword in Java?
 Is delete a keyword in Java?
 Is exit a keyword in Java?
 What happens if you do not initialize an instance variable of any of the primitive types in
Java?
 What will be the initial value of an object reference which is defined as an instance
variable?
 Elaborate the different scopes for Java variables?
 What is the default value of the local variables?
 How many objects are created in the following piece of code?
MyClass c1, c2, c3;
c1 = new MyClass ();
c3 = new MyClass ();
 Can a public class MyClass be defined in a source file named YourClass.java?
 Can main() method be declared final?
 What is Hash Map and Map?
 Differentiate between Hash Map and Hash Table.
 Differentiate between Vector and Array List.
 Differentiate between Swing and Awt.
 What will be the default values of all the elements of an array that are defined as an
instance variable?

ADVANCED JAVA
 What is a transient variable?
 Which containers use a border Layout as their default layout?
 Why do threads block on I/O?
 How are Observer and Observable used?
 What is synchronization and why is it important?
 Can a lock be acquired on a class?
 What's new with the stop(), suspend() and resume() methods in JDK 1.2?
 Is null a keyword?
 What is the preferred size of a component?
 What method is used to specify a container's layout?
 Which containers use a Flow Layout as their default layout?
 What state does a thread enter into when it terminates its processing?
 What is the Collections API?
 Which characters may be used as the second character of an identifier, but not as the first
character of an identifier?
 What is the List interface?
 How are integer overflows and underflows handled in JAVA?
 What is a Vector class?
 What modifiers may be used with an inner class that is a member of an outer class?
 What is an Iterator interface?
 What is the difference between the >> and >>> operators?
 Which method of the Component class is used to set the position and size of a
component?
 Differentiate between yielding and sleeping.
 Which java util classes and interfaces support event handling?
 What are wrapped classes?
 Does garbage collection guarantee that a program will not run out of memory?
 What restrictions are placed on the location of a package statement within a source code
file?
 Can an object's finalize() method be invoked while it is reachable?
 What is the immediate superclass of the Applet class?
 Differentiate between preemptive scheduling and time slicing.
 Name three Component subclasses that support painting.
 What value does readLine() return when it reaches the end of a file?
 What is the immediate superclass of the Dialog class?
 What is clipping?
 What is a native method?
 Can a for statement loop indefinitely?
 What are order of precedence and associativity, and how are they used?
 When a thread blocks on I/O, what state does it enter?
 To what value is a variable of the String type automatically initialized?
 What is the catch or declare rule for method declarations?
 What is the difference between a Menu Item and a Checkbox Menu Item?
 What is a task's priority and how is it used in scheduling?
 What class is the top of the AWT event hierarchy?
 What is a thread's initial state when it is created and started?
 Can an anonymous class be declared while implementing an interface and extending a
class?
 What is the immediate superclass of Menu?
 Explain the purpose of finalization.
 Which class is the immediate superclass of the Menu Component class?
 What invokes a thread's run() method?
 What is the difference between the Boolean & operator and the && operator?
 Name three subclasses of the Component class.
 What is the Gregorian calendar class?
 Which Container method is used to cause a container to be laid out and redisplayed?
 Explain the purpose of the Runtime class.
 How many times may an object's finalize() method be invoked by the garbage collector?
 What is the purpose of the finally clause of a try-catch-finally statement?
 What is the argument type of a program's main() method?
 Which Java operator is right associative?
 Can we cast a double value to a byte?
 What must a class do to implement an interface?
 What method is invoked to cause an object to begin executing as a separate thread?
 Name two subclasses of the Text Component class.
 Which containers may have a Menu Bar?
 How are commas used in the initialization and iteration parts of a 'for' statement?
 What is the purpose of the wait(), notify(), and notify All() methods?
 What is an abstract method?
 How are Java source code files named?
 What is the relationship between the Canvas class and the Graphics class?
 What are the high-level thread states?
 What value does read() return when it has reached the end of a file?
 Can a Byte object be cast to a double value?
 What is the difference between a static and a non-static inner class?
 What is the difference between the String and String Buffer classes?
 If a variable is declared as private, where may the variable be accessed?
 What is an object's lock and which objects have locks?
 What is the Dictionary class?
 How are the elements of a Border Layout organized?
 What is the % operator?
 When can an object reference be cast to an interface reference?
 What is the difference between a Window and a Frame?
 Which class is extended by all other classes?
 Can an object be garbage collected while it is still reachable?
 The ternary operator written as x : y ? z or x ? y : z
 What is the difference between the Font and Font Metrics classes?
 How is rounding performed under integer division?
 What happens when a thread cannot acquire a lock on an object?
 What is the difference between the Reader/Writer class hierarchy and the Input
Stream/Output Stream class hierarchy?
 What classes of exceptions may be caught by a catch clause?
 If a class is declared without any access modifiers, where may the class be accessed?
 What is the Simple Time Zone class?
 What is the Map interface?
 Does a class inherit the constructors of its superclass?
 For which statements does it make sense to use a label?
 What is the purpose of the System class?
 Which Text Component method is used to set a Text Component to the read-only state?
 How are the elements of a Card Layout organized?
 Is &&= a valid Java operator?
 Name the eight primitive Java types.
 Which class should you use to obtain design information about an object?
 What is the relationship between clipping and repainting?
 Is "abc" a primitive value?
 What is the relationship between an event-listener interface and an event-adapter class?
 What restrictions are placed on the values of each case of a switch statement?
 What modifiers may be used with an interface declaration?
 Is a class a subclass of itself?
 What is the highest-level event class of the event-delegation model?
 What event results from the clicking of a button?
 How can a GUI component handle its own events?
 How are the elements of a Grid Bag Layout organized?
 What advantage do Java's layout managers provide over traditional windowing systems?
 What is the Collection interface?
 What modifiers can be used with a local inner class?
 What is the difference between static and non-static variables?
 What is the difference between the paint() and repaint() methods?
 What is the purpose of the File class?
 Can an exception be rethrown?
 Which Math method is used to calculate the absolute value of a number?
 How does multithreading take place on a computer with a single CPU?
 When does the compiler supply a default constructor for a class?
 When is the finally clause of a try-catch-finally statement executed?
 Which class is the immediate superclass of the Container class?
 If a method is declared as protected, where may the method be accessed?
 How can the Checkbox class be used to create a radio button?
 Which non-Unicode letter characters may be used as the first character of an identifier?
Page 2
 What restrictions are placed on method overloading?
 What happens when you invoke a thread's interrupt method while it is sleeping or
waiting?
 What is casting?
 What is the return type of a program's main() method?
 Name four Container classes
 What is the difference between a Choice and a List?
 What class of exceptions is generated by the Java run-time system?
 What class allows you to read objects directly from a stream?
 What is the difference between a field variable and a local variable?
 Under what conditions is an object's finalize() method invoked by the garbage collector?
 What is the relationship between a method's throws clause and the exceptions that can be
thrown during the method's execution?
 What is the difference between the JDK 1.02 event model and the event-delegation model
introduced with JDK 1.1?
 How is it possible for two String objects with identical values not to be equal under the
== operator?
 Why are the methods of the Math class static?
 What Checkbox method allows you to tell if a Checkbox is checked?
 What state is a thread in when it is executing?
 What are the legal operands of the instance of operator?
 How are the elements of a GridBagLayout organized?
 What an I/O filter?
 If an object is garbage collected, can it become reachable again?
 What is a Set interface?
 What classes of exceptions may be thrown by a throw statement?
 What are E and PI?
 Explain true and false keywords?
 What is a void return type?
 What is the purpose of the enableEvents() method?
 What is the difference between the File and RandomAccessFile classes?
 What happens when you add a double value to a String?
 What is your platform's default character encoding?
 Which package is always imported by default?
 What interface must an object implement before it can be written to a stream as an object?
 How are this and super used?
 What is a compilation unit?
 What interface is extended by AWT event listeners?
 What restrictions are placed on method overriding?
 How can a dead thread be restarted?
 What happens if an exception is not caught?
 What is a layout manager?
 Which arithmetic operations can result in the throwing of an Arithmetic Exception?
 What are three ways in which a thread can enter the waiting state?
 Can an abstract class be final?
 What is the ResourceBundle class?
 What happens if a try-catch-finally statement does not have a catch clause to handle an
exception that is thrown within the body of the try statement?
 What is numeric promotion?
 What is the difference between a Scrollbar and a ScrollPane?
 What is the difference between a public and a non-public class?
 To what value is a variable of the boolean type automatically initialized?
 Can try statements be nested?
 What is the difference between the prefix and postfix forms of the ++ operator?
 What is the purpose of a statement block?
 What is a Java package and how is it used?
 What modifiers may be used with a top-level class?
 What are the Object and Class classes used for?
 How does a try statement determine which catch clause should be used to handle an
exception?
 Can an unreachable object become reachable again?
 When is an object subject to garbage collection?
 What method must be implemented by all threads?
 What methods are used to get and set the text label displayed by a Button object?
 Which Component subclass is used for drawing and painting?
 What are synchronized methods and synchronized statements?
 What are the two basic ways in which classes that can be run as threads may be defined?
 What are the problems faced by Java programmers who don't use layout managers?

CORE JAVA
 What is the most important feature of Java?
 Explain platform independence
 What is a JVM?
 Are JVMs platform independent?
 Differentiate between a JDK and a JVM?
 What is a pointer? Does Java support pointers?
 Name the base class of all classes
 Is multiple inheritance supported by Java?
 Is Java a purely object oriented language?
 What are primitive data types in Arrays?
 What is the difference between a Path and a Classpath?
 What are local variables?
 What are instance variables?
 In Java, how is a constant variable defined?
 Is it compulsory to use a main() method in all java classes?
 What is the return type of the main() method?
 What is the reason behind declaring the main() method static?
 What is the argument of main() method?
 Can we overload a main() method?
 Can we declare a main() method final?
 Does the order of public and static declaration matter in main() method?
 Can a source file contain more than one class declaration?
 What is a package?
 Which package is imported by default?
 Can a class that has been declared as private be accessed outside its package?
 Can a class be declared as protected?
 Elaborate the access scope of a protected method?
 Elaborate the purpose of declaring a variable as final?
 Explain impact of declaring a method as final?
 If we do not want our class to be inherited by any other class what should we do?
 Can you give few examples of final classes defined in Java API?
 Differentiate final from finally and finalize()?
 Can we declare a class as static?
 When can a method be defined as static?
 What are the restrictions imposed on a static method or a static block of code?
 If you want to to print "Hello" even before main() is executed, how will you achieve that?
 Explain the significance of static variable?
 Can a static variable be declared inside a method?
 What is an Abstract Class and what is its purpose?
 Can an abstract class be declared final?
 What is the use of an abstract variable?
 Can you create an object of an abstract class?
 Can an abstract class be defined without any abstract methods?
 Class C implements Interface I containing method m1 and m2 declarations. Class C has
provided implementation for method m2. Can i create an object of Class C?
 Can a method inside an Interface be declared as final?
 Can an Interface implement another Interface?
 Can an Interface extend another Interface?
 Can a Class extend more than one Class?
 Why an Interface is able to extend more than one Interface but a Class cannot extend
more than one Class?
 Can an Interface be final?
 Can a class be defined inside an Interface?
 Can an Interface be defined inside a class?
 What is a Marker Interface?
 Overloading and Overriding achieve which all object oriented concepts?
 Why is operator overloading not supported by JAVA?
 Can private and protected modifiers be defined for variables in interfaces?
 What is Externalizable?
 What are the modifiers allowed for methods in an Interface?
 What is a local, member and a class variable?
 What is an abstract method?
 What value does read() return when it reaches the end of a file?
 Can you cast a Byte object to a double value?
 Differentiate between a static and a non-static inner class?
 What is an object's lock and which objects have locks?
 What is the % operator?
 When can an object reference be cast to an interface reference?
 Which class is extended by all other classes?
 Which non-Unicode letter characters may be used as the first character of an identifier?
 What are the restrictions placed on method overloading?
 What is casting?
 What is the return type of a program's main() method?
 Where can the variable be accessed when it is declared as private?
 What do you understand by private, protected and public?
 Explain Downcasting.
 What modifiers may be used with an inner class that is a member of an outer class?
 How many bits are used to represent Unicode, ASCII, UTF-16, and UTF-8 characters?
 What are the restrictions placed on the location of a package statement within a source
code file?
 What is a native method?
 What are order of precedence and associativity and how are they used?
 Can an anonymous class be declared as implementing an interface and extending a class?
 What is the range of the char type?
 What is the range of the short type?
 Why doesn't operator overloading exist?
 What does it mean when we say that a method or field is "static"?
 Is null a keyword?
 Which characters may be used as the second but not as the first character of an identifier?
 Is the ternary operator written x : y ? z or x ? y : z ?
 How is rounding performed under integer division?
 If a class is declared without any access modifiers, where may the class be accessed?
 Does a class inherit the constructors of its superclass?
 Name the eight primitive Java types.
 What are the restrictions that are placed on the values of each case of a switch statement?
 Differentiate between a while statement and a do while statement?
 What all modifiers can be used with a local inner class?
 When does the compiler supply a default constructor for a class?
 Where may a method be accessed if it is declared as protected?
 Elaborate the legal operands of the instance of operator?
 Are true and false keywords?
 What happens when you add a double value to a String?
 Differentiate between inner class and nested class.
 Can an abstract class be final?
 What is numeric promotion?
 Differentiate between a public and a non-public class?
 To what value is a variable of the boolean type automatically initialized?
 Differentiate between the prefix and postfix forms of the ++ operator.
 What are the restrictions that are placed on method overriding?
 What is a Java package and how is it used?
 What modifiers may be used with a top-level class?
 Differentiate between an if statement and a switch statement?
 What are the practical benefits, if any, of importing a specific class rather than an entire
package (e.g.
 import java.net.* versus import java.net.Socket)?
 Can we overload a method based on different return type but same argument type?
 What happens to a static variable that is defined within a method of a class?
 How many static initializers are there?
 Differentiate between method overriding and overloading?
 What is constructor chaining and how is it achieved in Java?
 What is the difference between the Boolean & operator and the && operator?
 Which Java operator is right associative?
 Can a double value be cast to a byte?
 What is the difference between a break statement and a continue statement?
Page 2
 Can a for statement loop indefinitely?
 To what value is a variable of the String type automatically initialized?
 Differentiate between a field variable and a local variable.
 How are this() and super() used with constructors?
 What does it mean that a class or member is final?
 What does it mean that a method or class is abstract?
 What is a transient variable?
 How does Java handle integer overflows and underflows?
 What is the difference between the>> and>>> operators?
 Is size of a keyword?

PHP
 If class implementing the interface does not use exact same method signatures as are
defined in the interface. Will show
 Static properties cannot be initialized using
 If property of class is declare using var then PHP5 will treat the property as?
 Class member variables are also called?
 How to typecast a variable to Boolean?
 include_once is a ________.
 microtime() returns _______.
 What will range('a', 'z') return?
 Which PHP function or variable will return the value of current session id?
 What is the simplest method of computing the sum of all the elements of an array?
 What is the name of function used to convert an array into a string?
 _______ function is used to sort an array in ascending order by value while preserving
key associations.
 Array values are keyed by ______ values (called indexed arrays) or using ______ values
(called associative arrays).
 Which object-oriented pattern would you use to implement a class that must be
instantiated only once for the entire lifespan of a script?
 In PHP 5, how can you write a class so that some of its properties cannot be accessed
from outside its methods?
 The ___________ function automatically transforms newline characters into HTML tags.
 By default, PHP stores session data in ______________.
 How are session variables accessed through?
 If cookie expiration time is not set explicitly, what happens to it?
 PECL stands for?
 PEAR stands for?
 How does the identity operator === compare two values?
 __FILE__ is ?
 list in PHP is ?
 PHP allow which commenting style?
 In terms of keywords and language syntax, PHP is similar to?
 What is most appropriate way to open file "placementquestion.txt" in write mode?
 In PHP, variable always start with _____?
 A PHP scripting block always starts with
 PHP stands for

MYSQL
 The student marks should not be greater than 100. This is
 BCNF Stands for _________.
 In an RDBMS relationship between tables are created by using
 In order to add a new column to an existing table in SQL, we can use the command
 _____ is process of extracting previously non known valid and actionable information
from large data to make crucial business and strategic decisions.
 Referential integrity is directly related to
 Data Warehouse provides
 The problem that occurs when one transaction updates a database item and then the
transaction fails for some reason is ________.
 Which level of Abstraction describes what data are stored in the Database?
 What is Granularity?
 Storing same data in many places is called.
 TCL is used for _______?
 DCL is used to _______?
 DDL is used for _______?
 DML is used for _______?
 Query result can be displayed vertically by terminating the query____?
 Which command is used to import data form text file in MySQL on MySQL editor?
 The DISTINCT keyword used along with the SELECT keyword retrieves ______ ?
 Which clause is used to sort the result of SELECT statement?
 Which statement is used to count number of rows in table?
 Which statement is used to load data form file to table?
 What is maximum length of Database, Table, Column, trigger and view's name in
MySQL?
 Which statement is used to displays information about the columns in a table.
 Which statement is used to change database?
 Which command returns current version on MySQL?
 Which statement is used to connect with mysql server?
 What is IGNORE keyword in MySQL?
 How to see currently running queries in MySQL?
 How to set value of "query_cache_size" MYSQL system variable
 Query to check value of MYSQL system variable
 Mysql is ____?

C++
 Which keyword is used to declare the min and max functions?
 What kind of functions are min and max in C++?
 How many parameters are needed for minmax function?
 Which function is used to return the minimum element in the range?
 Which operator is used to compare the values to find min and max?
 What is a size of empty class in c++?
 In c++ object of the class is also called?
 ________ is a default access specifier for members of class in C++.
 ________ is a default access specifier for members of structures in C++.
 In object oriented programming, by wrapping up characteristics and behavior into one
unit, we achieve
 Which diagram provides a formal graphic notation for modelling objects, classes and
their relationships to one another?
 The mechanism that binds code and data together and keeps them secure from outside
world is known as
 A Class can have how many destructor?
 The parameter list in function overloading must differ by?
 Data members are also called?
 In how many ways is polymorphism achieved in C++?
 The Object is not declared for which class?
 The constructor without parameter is called?
 The static member variable is initialized to?
 A __________ is a special method used to initialize the instance variable of a class.
 Member of a class specified as _______ are accessible only to method of the class.
 The goal of operator overloading is __________.
 What features make C++ so powerful?
 Local Variables can be access?
 Local Variables can be access?
 In C++ every statement end with?
 What is pointer?
 If class A inherits from more than one class, ie. A inherits from B1, B2, ...is called
 If class A inherits from class B, then B is called _______ of A. A is called ________ of
B.
 ________ is the mechanism which allows a class A to inherit properties of a class B.
 Who is father of C++ Language?

MICROPROCESSOR
 The devices that provide the means for a computer to communicate with the user or other
computers are referred to as:
 The software used to drive microprocessor-based systems is called:
 The circuits in the 8085A that provide the arithmetic and logic functions are called the:
 How many buses are connected as part of the 8085A microprocessor?
 The ________ ensures that only one IC is active at a time to avoid a bus conflict caused
by two ICs writing different data to the same bus.
 How many bits are used in the data bus?
 The items that you can physically touch in a computer system are called:
 Single-bit indicators that may be set or cleared to show the results of logical or arithmetic
operations are the:
 When referring to instruction words, a mnemonic is:
 The technique of assigning a memory address to each I/O device in the computer system
is called:
 When was the first 8-bit microprocessor introduced?
 What type of circuit is used at the interface point of an output port?
 I/O mapped systems identify their input/output devices by giving them a(n) ________.
 What type of circuit is used at the interface point of an input port?
 The register in the 8085A that is used to keep track of the memory address of the next op-
code to be run in the program is the:
 The control bus and memories share a bidirectional bus in a typical microprocessor
system.
 All computer programs for a machine are called:
 The 8085A is a(n):
 Because microprocessor CPUs do not understand mnemonics as they are, they have to be
converted to ________.
 A register in the microprocessor that keeps track of the answer or results of any arithmetic
or logic operation is the:
 What is the difference between a mnemonic code and machine code?
 Which bus is a bidirectional bus?
 Which of the following buses is primarily used to carry signals that direct other ICs to
find out what type of operation is being performed?
 What kind of computer program is used to convert mnemonic code to machine code?
 Which of the following are the three basic sections of a microprocessor unit?