Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ards of mercury, silver, developer and fixator of Zahnmed, 1989; 99: 61-68. 11. Becked J. Amalgam w aste of dental clinics.
dental clinics D ental News 1998; 78: 214-218. 9. Hogland W, Jensson B, Petersson P. Dental News 1988; 78: 2525-2526.
7. Topper H. Ruckhaltung von am algamabfallen Kvicksilverutslapp fran tandvdrdsverksam heten i 12. Ekroth B. Anrikning i fisk a f kvicksitver fran tan-
aus zahnarztpraxen. In: Um weltplanung und Lund. Internrapport 3132. M almo (Sweden): dam algam . Rappod SNV PM 1072. Stockholm :
Um weltsschutz. Schriftenreihe der Hessischen University of Lund, 1990. Statens Naturv&rdsverk, 1978.
landesanstadt fur um welt. Nr. 44. W iesbaden: 10. Heintze U, Edwaedsson S, D6rand T, Birkhed 13. W alsh CT, DiStefano MD, M oore MJ, Shewchuk
Hessischen Landesanstadt fur Um welt: 1986: D. M ethylation of m ercury from dental amalgam LW. Verdine GL. M olecular basis of bacterial
1- 88. and m ercury chloride by oral streptococci in resistance to organom ercurial and inorganic
8. Fischer W, Borer G. Am algam entsorgung im vitro. Scandanivian Journal o f Dental Research m ercuric salts. FASEB J 1998; 2:124-130.
Results
Three teeth were lost during the proce
dure and a total of 2 008 sections were
obtained from 211 teeth. Both sides of
each section was examined, except for
the outer buccal and lingual sections of
each tooth where only the inner aspect
of the section could be examined. Data
from 3 594 observations formed the 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
basis of this study. The section thick
Truth score - occlusal surfaces
ness allowed a complete bucco-lingual
series to be cut for each specimen with Fig. 1. Accuracy of sound and unsound diagnoses relative to microscope score (Tr
minimal damage or fracture. Lesions 0 - 7) of occlusal surfaces. The bar indicates the number of specimens in each
were easily seen and spread over more score grouping (Tr); the error bar shows the maximum and minimum range of
than one sectioned surface. Typically a un/sound scores registered across all four examiners and methods within each
Tr 1 white lesion would be spread over group; the lines indicate the mean accuracy of the un/sound diagnosis.
pinpointing mainly Tr 3 scores within 24. M otuisky H. In tu itive B io sta tistics. O xford:
A frican com m unity. C om m unity D ent C rai
O xford University Press. 1995: 129-139.
specimens which had stained fissures, Epidem iol 1985; 15: 95-97.
25. zxtts NB. Evans DJ, Pine CM. British Association
5. G ranath L Cleaton-Jones PE Patti P. e t ai.
surrounded by demineralised enamel for the Study of Com m unity D entistry [BASCD]
C orrelation oetw een canes prevalence and
with no cavitation. With the methodol potential etioiogicai factors in large sam oes of 4-
diagnostic criteria for canes prevalence surveys -
1996/97. Com m unity Dent Health 1997; 14:
ogy used it was difficult to decide 5 year old children. C om m unity D ent O ral
S u pd 1. 6-9.
Epidem iol 1991; 19: 257-260.
whether such lesions were Tr 2 or Tr 3 26. Peers A. ;-B FJ, M itroooulos CM, et al. Validity
6. Cleaton-Jones P E Richardson 3D . Screefcny
specimens. However while we feel LM. et aJ. The relationship between the intake
and reoroefodbity of clinical exam ination, fibre-
ococ tra rs iu m in a tjo n and bite-w ing radiology for
that the scoring of shallow enamel frequency and the total consum ption of sucrose
the diagnosis of sm all approxim al carious
am ong four South African ethnic groups. ASDC
lesions may be subject to some debate, esions: an in vitro study. Caries Res 1993; 27:
J Dent C M d 1987; 54: 251 -254.
we do not perceive that this has mate 7. Khan MN, Cleaton-Jones PE D enta cares n
307-311.
rially affected the results of the study, 27. G aergier P. Arnold WH. Saeuberioh E, et al.
African preschool children: socal factors as dis
^ree -dim e nsion ai reconstruction of canes lesion
which show that the examining den ease m arkers. J Public H ealth Dent ’ 998: 58: 7-
zones n oerm anent m olars. J Dent Res 1996;
11 .
tists were unable to accurately diag 75: 233.
8. WHO: O ral Health Surveys: 3as>c tJethccs. * *,
nose carious lesions until these pene 2"°, 3"-. 4” revision. Geneva: W ord Health
23. P-tts NB. Rertson C E Image analysis of bitew ing
recsograons: a histologically validated com pari
trated well into the dentine. O rganization. 1971. 1977. 1987. 1997.
son with /tsual assessm ents o f radioiucency
9. BratthaH D. Hansel Petersson G, Sunaberg H.
This study has indicated that 'clinical' Reasons for canes oedine: what do the experts
dectn n enamel. B r Dent J 1986: 160: 205-209.
occlusal caries diagnosis according to 29. Lavorous E Kerusuo E K alio P, e t al. O cclusal
believe? E u rJ O ra iS a ^996: 104: 416-422.
restoraeve decisions based on visual inspection
WHO criteria3 using bitewing radi 10. H intze H, W enzel A. Larsen M J. S tereo
- caftbraoon and com oanson of different m eth
m icroscopy, fim radiography, rrocro radiography
ographs, FOTI, mirror alone and with a ods. Com m unity Dent O ral Epidem iol 1997; 25:
and naked-eye inspection of tooth sections 3S
156-159.
mirror and sharp probe is sufficiently validation for occlusal canes csagnoss. Canes
30. W enzel A. Verdonschot EH. Trum GJ. ef a/.
similar to enable direct comparisons to Res 1995; 29: 359-363.
Accuracy o f visual inspection, fibre-optic transil-
be made of data gathered by such 11. Kidd EA, R icketts DN. P itts N 8 . O cclusal canes
fom nahon and various radiographic im age
diagnosis; a changng chaienge for cSrooans
methods. While the low accuracy of m odairies for the detection o f occlusal canes in
and epidem ioiogets. J Dent 1993; 21: 323-331.
extracted non-cavitated teeth. J Dent Res 1992:
caries diagnosis is disturbing in the 12. Sheiham A. Is there a scientific oasis fo r six- 71: 1934-1937.
extreme, the study was not able to m onthly dental exam inations? Lancet 1977;
31 Pyfte H E Nugent ZJ. Nuttaf NM. e f al. Effect of
2(8035): 442-444.
reveal which diagnostic method is 'the cfagnosoc threshold on the v a id ity and rebabi&ty
13. Ismad AJ. C fincal ciagnose o f precavitared cari of eptd e m rto g ca l canes diagnosis using the
best', all methods being equally inaccu ous lesions. Com m unity Dent Oral Ep^Jemot Dundee Selectable Threshold M ethod for canes
rate. It appears that instrumentation to 1997; 25: 13-23. diagnosis (DSTM). C om m unity D ent O ral
increase diagnostic accuracy of caries is 14. Lussi A. Com parison o f effe re n t m ethods for the Epidenmoi 2000, 28: 42-51.
ciagnose of fissure canes w ithout cavttaoon.
a goal to be aimed at in the years ahead.