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ACES PROJECT
METHOD STATEMENT FOR
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ULTRASONIC TESTING

ARAB CENTER FOR ENGINEERING STUDIES

METHOD STATEMENT
FOR
ULTRASONIC TESTING

Issued to :

Date :

Copy No. : 1

Status : " Controlled". Revision: 0

Designation Signature

Prepared By: Technical Manager

Checked By: Quality Manager

Approved By: Department Manager

ArabCenter For Engineering Studies. P.O.Box 19579, Doha-Qatar Tel: 44870141. Fax: 44870146
E-mail : acesdoha@aces-int.com Website : www.aces-int.com
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ACES PROJECT
METHOD STATEMENT FOR
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ULTRASONIC TESTING

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. SCOPE

2. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

3. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

4. EXAMINATION

5. EVALUATION AND RECORDING OF RESULTS

6. RECORDS

7. ATTACHMENT

- DIAGRAM

ArabCenter For Engineering Studies. P.O.Box 19579, Doha-Qatar Tel: 44870141. Fax: 44870146
E-mail : acesdoha@aces-int.com Website : www.aces-int.com
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1.0 SCOPE

This procedure describes the method and requirements for the performance of ultrasonic
examination for (as per client requirements).

This procedure provides the materials, equipment, personnel qualification, examination

process, evaluation, and record and acceptance standards for (project name)

2.0 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

This procedure has been developed using the following documents as reference:

(1) ASME B&PV Code Section V, Nondestructive Examination 2004 Edition

(2) ASME Section 1
(3) ASME VIII Division I and II (4) ASME B31.1 & B31.3
(4) ASTM E164 - 13 Standard Practices for Contact Ultrasonic Testing of
Weldments
(5) Structural Welding Code-Steel - American Welding Society, AWS D1.1

3.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

PERSONNEL

Personnel performing examinations to the requirements of this procedure shall be qualified

and certified in accordance with ASNT SNT – TC – 1A or equivalent shall be submitted for
review prior to commencement of work.

Only certified NDE Level II or NDE Level III personnel shall interpret and evaluate
examination results. NDE Level I may perform specific test, calibration and record data in
accordance with written instructions and under the supervision of NDE Level II or III
personnel.

ArabCenter For Engineering Studies. P.O.Box 19579, Doha-Qatar Tel: 44870141. Fax: 44870146
E-mail : acesdoha@aces-int.com Website : www.aces-int.com
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EQUIPMENT

Examination shall be conducted with a pulse echo A-Scan ultrasonic testing instrument capable
of generating frequencies over the range of at least 1 MHZ to 5 MHZ. Ultrasonic testing
instrument shall be calibrated for the examination and shall be capable of meeting the
requirements of screen height linearity and amplitude control linearity. Ultrasonic testing
instrument shall be equipped with stepped gain control in units of 2 dB or less (according to
ASME sec V-T-431).

SEARCH UNITS

Search units may contain either single or dual transducer element. The search unit size shall
be selected according to the following table.

(1) Straight Beam. (Either single or dual crystal)

Frequency(MHz) Transducer size(mm) Material thickness(mm)

4 Ø10 25.4 or less

2 or 4 Ø10 or Ø20 Over 25.4

(2) Angle Beam

Search unit Angle Frequency(MHz) Transducer size(mm) Material thickness(mm)

70º 2 or 4 Ø8x9 12.5 or less

60º , 70º 4 Ø8x9 12.5 to 25.4

45º , 60º or 45º , 70º 4 Ø8x9 Over 25.4

(3) Search units with contoured contact wedges may be used to aid ultrasonic coupling.

COUPLANT

ArabCenter For Engineering Studies. P.O.Box 19579, Doha-Qatar Tel: 44870141. Fax: 44870146
E-mail : acesdoha@aces-int.com Website : www.aces-int.com
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Couplant shall be of any material having well wetting characteristics that will provide for the
transmission of ultrasound from the search unit to the test material and from the test material
to the search unit.

CALIBRATION STANDARDS

The basic calibration reflectors shall be used to establish a primary reference response of the
equipment. The basic calibration reflectors may be located either in the component material or
in a basic calibration block. Where the most used blocks in this regards are block V1 & V2.
(Approved calibration). Also basic calibration blocks shall be utilized to construct a distance
amplitude correction curve (DAC). Basic calibration reflectors shall be according to ASME,
Sec.V, T434.2.1 (for non-piping calibration block) and T-434.3(for piping calibration
block).And certificates for U.T. equipment, test block V1 & V2 probes etc. shall be submitted

Basic calibration blocks shall be of similar metallurgical structure and the same material
specification or an equivalent P-number grouping as the finished component for the purpose of
this, P-numbers 1,3,4 & 5 materials are considered equivalent.The finish on the surfaces of the
block shall be representative of the scanning surface finishes on the components to the
examined

Angle Beam Calibrations

As applicable the calibration shall provide the following measurements (refer to article 4,
appendix B, ASME code Sec V.

(1) Distance Range Calibration

(2) Distance-Amplitude Correction
(3) Position Calibration
(4) Echo Amplitude Measurement from the Surface Notch in the Basic Calibration Block.

Straight Beam Calibration

The calibration shall provide the following measurements (Refer to article 5, ASME code
Sec. V)

(1) Distance Range Calibration

(2) Distance-Amplitude Correction

ArabCenter For Engineering Studies. P.O.Box 19579, Doha-Qatar Tel: 44870141. Fax: 44870146
E-mail : acesdoha@aces-int.com Website : www.aces-int.com
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Calibration Confirmation

Calibration shall be performed prior to use of the system in the thickness range under
examination. A calibration check shall verify the sweep range calibration and distance-
amplitude correction.

Distance Range Points

If a point on the DAC curve has moved on the sweep line more than 10% of the sweep reading
or 5% of full sweep, whichever is greater, correct the distance range calibration and note the
correction in the examination record. If reflectors are recorded on the data sheets, those data
sheets shall be voided and a new calibration shall be recorded.

All recorded indications since the last valid calibration or calibration check shall be Re-
examined with the corrected calibration and their values shall be changed on the data sheets.

DAC correction if a point on the distance-amplitude correction (DAC) curve has decreased
20% or 2 db of its amplitude, all data sheets since the last calibration or calibration check shall
be marked void. A new calibration shall be made and recorded and the area covered by the
voided data shall be Re-examined. If any point of the distance-amplitude correction (DAC)
curve has increased more than 20% or 2 db of its amplitude, all recorded indications since the
last valid calibration or calibration check shall be Re-examined with the corrected calibration
and their values shall be changed on the data sheets

4.0 EXAMINATION

SURFACE CONDITION

The surface of the item being examined shall be free from scale, excessive rust, weld spatter,
paint, surface roughness or any extraneous matter that would interfere with the free movement
of the transducer or affect the coupling of the transducer to the item being examined.

The final prepared surface shall be accepted by the Authorized Inspector to assure the item is
sufficiently cleaned enough to prevent non-relevant or false indications.

ACCESSIBILITY

ArabCenter For Engineering Studies. P.O.Box 19579, Doha-Qatar Tel: 44870141. Fax: 44870146
E-mail : acesdoha@aces-int.com Website : www.aces-int.com
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Final surface preparation shall include an area from the toe of the weld back to a point such
that full volumetric inspection is possible.

The volume of base material through which ultrasound will travel in angle beam examination
shall be scanned with a straight beam search unit. Any reflectors found that could interfere or
affect the interpretation of angle beam examination results shall be recorded as to the area and
location of the indication.

DETECTION OF DEFECTS PARALLEL TO THE WELD

The angle beam shall be directed at approximately right angle to the weld axis from two
directions where possible. The search unit shall be manipulated so that the ultrasonic beam
passes through the required volumes of weld and adjacent base metal.

DETECTION OF TRAVERSE DEFECTS

The angle beam shall be directed angular to the weld axis. The search unit shall be manipulated
so that the ultrasonic beam passes through the all of the volume be examined.

METHOD OF SIZING INDICATIONS

For normal & angel beam ultrasonic testing inspection, method of sizing indication is half
value method measurement (6 dB drop) as follow:

The size of reflectors which are large is comparison to the sound beam diameter can
be determines by edge scanning probe is moved from a position witch provides the optimum
flaw echo to the edge of the flaw. The point at which the echo height is half the optimum
value, i.e. where the beam axis is incident on the edge of the flow is marked on the testing
surface a series of such point outline the reflector surface.

The half value length (HVL) is the distance measured on the test object between edge point in
a longitudinal direction, the half value width (HVW) in a normal direction.

The 6 dB technique involves obtaining an echo from a position where the reflector extends
across the full width of ultrasonic beam and then moving the beam along the reflector until the
echo has fallen by half (i.e by 6 dB).it is then assumed that only one half of the beam is
impinging on the reflector whose edge, therefore, lies along the beam axis. The technique is
applicable to both normal & angel probes, and is most frequently used for the potting of
lamination in plate, and for measuring the length of linear imperfection in welds.

ArabCenter For Engineering Studies. P.O.Box 19579, Doha-Qatar Tel: 44870141. Fax: 44870146
E-mail : acesdoha@aces-int.com Website : www.aces-int.com
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DIRECTION & EXTEND OF SCANNING

Direction of scanning in ultrasonic testing inspection of weld line angle beam probe shall be
perpendicular to weld line axis & extended of related scanning shall be cover the full skip area
& 100 % of weld line.

Each pass of the search unit in the scanning pattern shall overlap the preceding pass by a
minimum of 15% of the width of the active crystal size.

The rate of scanning shall not exceed 6 inches per second.

METHOD FOR DISCRIMINATING GEOMETRIC FROM FLOW INDICATION

Linear indication such as cracks (transverse & longitudinal), lack of penetration, lack
of fusion and slag line produce single very sharp and height flow indication that when search
unit swing around the defect’s location cause immediate drop of related echo in ultrasonic
testing display device.

Rounded indication such as isolated porosity & slag produce single low gain flow indication
that when search unit swing around the defect’s location, related echo in ultrasonic testing
display device not eliminate immediately.

Rounded indication such as cluster porosity produce multi-flow indication like a grass & noise.

Location (depth & distance) of all above indication shall be investigate & interpret by
estimation of maximum sound path of related indication

5.0 EVALUATION AND RECORDING OF RESULTS

EVALUATION OF INDICATIONS

Any imperfection that causes an indication in excess of 20% DAC shall be investigated to the
extent that is can be evaluated in terms of the acceptance criteria defined in this procedure.

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

ArabCenter For Engineering Studies. P.O.Box 19579, Doha-Qatar Tel: 44870141. Fax: 44870146
E-mail : acesdoha@aces-int.com Website : www.aces-int.com
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METHOD STATEMENT FOR
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ASME Section 1, ASME Section VIII, Division 1, ANSI / ASME B 31.1 & B 31.3, AWS
D1.1 and any other codes and standards as applicable per client and specification

Discontinuities evaluated as being cracks, lack of fusion or incomplete penetration are

unacceptable regardless of length.

Discontinuities are considered unacceptable if the amplitude exceeds the reference level and
exceed the following lengths;

a) 1/4 inch for thickness up to 3/4 inch.

b) 1/3 t for t from 3/4 inch to 2 1/4 inches
c) 3/4 inch for t over 2 1/4 inches

Where T is the thickness of the weld excluding any allowable reinforcement.

NOTE:

ASME Section I, ASME B31.1 & ASME B31.3

Where t is the thickness of the weld being examined. If the weld joins two members having
different thicknesses at the weld, t is the thinner of these two thicknesses.

ASME VIII Division I

Where t is the thickness of weld being examined. If the weld joins 2 members having different
thicknesses as the weld, t is considered the thinner of these 2 areas. If a full penetration weld
includes a fillet weld, the thickness of the throat of the fillet shall be included in t.

Other acceptance criteria may apply as specified by the client. RT cannot be substituted by UT
without the written approval from CONTRACTOR / COMPANY.

6.0 RECORDS

A report shall be completed for each examination. Any interpretation that is doubtful or if
differences in interpretation exist, the interpretation shall be resolved by consultation with the
responsible NDE Level III. Report shall contain as a minimum, the information required by
the client specification and should be approved by the client.

7.0 ATTACHMENT

ArabCenter For Engineering Studies. P.O.Box 19579, Doha-Qatar Tel: 44870141. Fax: 44870146
E-mail : acesdoha@aces-int.com Website : www.aces-int.com
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ACES PROJECT
METHOD STATEMENT FOR
REF. N/A
ULTRASONIC TESTING

DIAGRAM

ArabCenter For Engineering Studies. P.O.Box 19579, Doha-Qatar Tel: 44870141. Fax: 44870146
E-mail : acesdoha@aces-int.com Website : www.aces-int.com