MODULE: ABSTRACT

KB 1. Abstract; Definition, Types, and Functions

The definition of abstract according to the International Standard Organization /

International Standard Organization / ISO 214-1976 is a brief and accurate description that

represents the contents of the document without additional interpretation or criticism and also

does not question who the essay maker is.

The emergence of abstracts for scientific papers in the development of science because

it is driven by several factors, among others: the development of scientific journals, the needs of

scientists for scientific writing, information needs, and the development of science.

1. Journal development

The birth of journals brought very rapid changes to the development of science.

Likewise with the development of scientific publishing that is increasingly increasing so that

it requires storage media. In 1850 essay magazine was published as one of the shelter efforts

and the provision of retrieval facilities for various article topics in various publications.

Then with the increasing number of essays, then the idea arises the need for more

effective storage and utilization, especially with the invention of computers as a means of

saving and more effective means of service. Then the database / database was created as a

container for scientific information published by scientific journals and essays / abstracts.

2. Scientists need for scientific writing

Scientists really need essay juice and at the same time they are producers of essays.

Because in conducting activities they will always look for information in the form of topics
 about problems that will be written or examined. In this endeavor they generally seek

directly in primary literature such as textbooks, journal articles, research results, and others.

3. Information needs

Librarians as information officers should try to convey information actively to users.

Likewise with a scientific journal and abstract as information needs of scientists, it is the

duty of librarians to deliver it.

4. Development of science

With the rapid development of science, scientists need a means of communication to

be able to relate to other scientists. In the past scientists made formal scientific

communication through treatise. Because the publishing process takes a long time, they then

communicate through scientific magazines because the publishing is faster. Whereas at the

beginning of the scientific writings are always included abstract so that the contents of the

article are easy to understand even though in outline.

Abstract Characteristics

1. Reducing the amount of primary literature.

2. Emphasize specific aspects that are useful for literature readers.

3. Facilitate retrieval.

4. Disseminate certain field information.

5. The latest information selection tool.

Various Abstracts

1. Informative / informative abstract abstract

Abstract forms that try to present as much quantitative data and qualitative data as

possible. Thus the reader gets a more detailed picture of the contents of the document or

text and is likely to be satisfied.

2. Abstract indicative abstract

A brief description of the contents of the document to provide guidance on the

direction / indication and scope of writing.

3. Sari indicative-informative / informative indicative abstract

This abstract form is a combination of indicative and informative abstracts.

4. Critical abstract abstract

Namely an abstract which presents evaluation, assessment, suggestion, and

criticism besides conveying a brief description.

5. Abstract abstract highlights

Abstracts that convey brief descriptions of topics in newspapers, magazines, or

tabloids that are considered interesting at that time. This abstract form of writing is

relaxed and interesting.

6. Abstract statistical abstract

This abstract is called a numerical abstract. This abstract presents data, numbers,

tables, or graphs which generally present population data, economic development, import

export data, and others.

 7. Abstract special field / slanted abstract

Abstracts aimed at people who are involved in very specialized fields such as

engineers, specialists, physicians, and others.

KB 2. Abstract Compilation Technique

In compiling abstracts, it needs to be understood first about the elements that must be

present in the preparation of abstracts. The elements include bibliographic data, abstract

forms, how to read the script, and abstract drafting requirements. Bibliographic data are

physical data of a text which includes the title of the text, author, impression, and number of

pages.

1. Title

a. Alternative title

b. Title gives

c. Headline title

d. Collective title

e. Key title

f. Runner title / running title

g. Title of book back

h. Uniform title

i. Right title
2. Author

The author is someone or more on behalf of individuals, institutions, or corporate

bodies alone or groups that prepare and express ideas, ideas, thoughts, and experiences in

the form of intellectual and artistic work. In this abstract arrangement various types of

authors must be understood.

a. Mixed authors, are some people or bodies who take part or help realize the writing.

b. Simulant authors or ghost writers are people who compose other people's writings or

write for others.

c. Editor, is someone or more who collects, prepares manuscripts, selects, edits and

publishes writing.

d. Individual authors, namely people who on behalf of themselves compose written works

and are responsible for the substance of writing alone.

3. Impresium

Impresium or inprint is bibliographic data on the title of the book that shows the

city published, the name of the publisher, and the year of publication.