Câu bị động (Passive Voices)

1. Bảng chia Chủ động sang Bị động:

Simple present do done

Present continuous is/are doing is/are being done

Simple Past did was/were done

Past continuous was/were doing was/were being done

Present Perfect has/have done has/have been done

Past perfect had done had been done

Simple future will do will be done

Future perfect will have done will have been done

is/are going to is/are going to do is/are going to be done

Might/ should/can/could/must Might/ should/can/could/must be P.P

Have to/ Used to Have/Used to be done

2. Active: S + V + Indirect Object + Direct Object

Passive: S (I.O) + BE + P.P + D.O + (BY O – S)
Ex: Someone gave Mr. Lee an award.
 Mr. Lee was given an award (by someone).
Active: S + V + Indirect Object + to/for + Direct Object
Passive: S (I. O) + BE + P.P + to/for + D.O + (BY O – S)
Ex: Someone gave an award to Mr. Lee.
 An award was given to Mr. Lee (by someone).
TO: give, leave, hand, pass, promise, show, offer, read, throw, send, post, bring, pay, sell, write, tell
teach, owe, live.
FOR: buy, get, fetch (tìm/đem về), find, save, choose, reserve, order, book, make, cook, build,
pick.
Ex: He owes his father 500 dollars = He owes 500 dollars to his father.
 His father is owed 500 dollars = 500 dollars is owed to his father.
3. S1 + say/know/think/believe/ find/ rumor… + that S2 + V
 It + BE + Passive Verb + that + clause.
 S2 + BE + Passive Verb + to INF.
Ex: They think that the owner of the house is abroad.
1
  It is thought that the owner of the house is abroad.
 The owner of the house is thought to be abroad.
4. NEED + V-ing = NEED + TO BE P.P
The windows need cleaning = the windows need to be cleaned.

5. COMMON STATIVE PASSIVE VERB + PRE.

(động từ chỉ trạng thái phổ biến dạng bị động)
1) be accustomed to: quen với 26) be frightened of/by
2) be acquainted with: làm quen với 27) be filled with
3) be addicted to: say mê 28) be gone from
4) be annoyed with/by 29) be interested in
5) be associated with: kết bạn với 30) be involved in
6) be bored with/by: chán ngấy 31) be known for
7) be composed of: bao gồm 32) be located in
8) be concerned about: lo lắng 33) be made of: được làm bằng (Đề cập
đến chất liệu làm nên vật)
9) be connected to
34) be made from: Được làm ra từ (đề cập
10) be coordinated with
đến việc nguyên vật liệu bị biến đổi
11) be covered with khỏi trạng thái ban đầu để làm nên vật)
12) be crowded with 35) be made out of: Được làm bằng (đề
13) be dedicated to: cống hiến cập đến quá trình làm ra vật)

14) be devoted to: tận tụy với 36) be married to

15) be disappointed in/with 37) be opposed to: chống đối

16) be divorced from 38) be pleased with

17) be done with 39) be prepared for

18) be dressed in 40) be qualified for

19) be drunk on 41) be related to

20) be engaged to 42) be satisfied with

21) be equipped with 43) be scared of/by

22) be excited about 44) be terrified of/by

23) be exhausted from: kiệt sức vì 45) be tired of: ngán

24) be exposed to: bị đặt vào tình trạng dễ 46) be tired from: mệt vì
bị bệnh, phơi bày 47) be worried about
25) be finished with
Our high school soccer team was very excited about going to the national finals.
She is not acquainted with him.
6. Causative form:
To have sb bare inf. sth = to get sb to do sth  To have/to get sth done (passive)
2
I`ll have Peter fix my car.  I’ll have my car fixed by Peter.
I`ll get Peter to fix my car.  I’ll get my car fixed by Peter.
To make sb + P2 = làm cho ai bị làm sao
Working all night on Friday made me tired on Saturday.
To cause sth + P2 = làm cho cái gì bị làm sao
The big thunder storm caused many waterfront houses damaged .
Sau những động từ: to have, to order, to get, to bid, to cause hay một động từ chỉ về giác quan
hoặc cảm tính, ta dùng Past Participle bao hàm nghĩa như bị động:
Ex: We had your photos taken.
We heard the song sung.
We got tired after having walked for long.

7. Một số Trường hợp đặc biệt khác:

Active: S + like/love/want/wish + O + to INF. St
Passive: S + like/love/want/wish + St. + to be p.p
Ex: She wants her sister to take some photographs.(active)
She wants some photographs to be taken by her sister. (passive)
Active: S + advise/insist/propose/recommend/suggest + V-ing + st.
Passive: S + + that S should be p.p
Ex: He recommended using my computer.
He recommended that my computer should be used.
Active: S + remember/like + O + V-ing + O
Passive: S + remember/like + being p.p
Ex: I remember them taking me to the zoo. (active)
I remember being taken to the zoo.(passive)
Ex: She likes her boyfriend telling the truth. (active)
She likes being told the truth. (passive)
Active: It is impossible to inf.
Passive: It can’t be p.p
Ex: It is impossible to do this.
 It can’t be done.
Active: S + let + O + bare inf.
Passive: S + be + let + bare inf.
Ex: They let us go.
 We were let go.
Imperative + O  Let + O + be + p.p
3
Ex: Do this assignment.
 Let this assignment de done.
Don’t bare inf. + O  S + mustn’t be p.p
S+ isn’t / aren’t to be p.p
Ex: Don’t touch this button.
 This button mustn’t be touched.
 This button isn’t to be touched.
Don’t let them/people bare inf. you
 Don’t let yourself/yourselves be p.p
He/she let them/people bare inf. him/her
 He/she let himself/herself be p.p
Ex: Don’t let people hear you!
 Don’t’ let yourself be heard.
He let people cheat him.
 He let himself be cheated.

8. Một số Trường hợp đặc biệt nguyên mẫu có TO: Suppose; see; make;
Ví dụ: You are supposed to learn English now. (passive)
= It is your duty to learn English now. (active)
= You should learn English now. (active)
Ví dụ: He is father makes him learn hard. (active)
He is made to learn hard. (passive)
Ví dụ: You should be working now. (active)
You are supposed to be working now. (passive)
Ví dụ: People believed that he was waiting for his friend (active). (hành động được cho là xảy ra
trước khi nói)
He was believed to have been waiting for his friend. (passive)