SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014 1

SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014

PHYSICS-PH

PART-I : OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Q. 1 - Q. 10 carry one mark each.
     
1. For vectors a  ˆj  kˆ, b  2iˆ  3 ˆj  5kˆ and c  ˆj  kˆ , the vector product a  (b  c ) is

(a) in the same direction as c

(b) in the direction opposite to c

(c) in the same direction as b

(d) in the direction opposite to b
  
 
Soln. a  b  c [Using vector triple product]
    
 
 b  a.c   c a.b  2c
Correct answer is (a)
2. A particle of mass m carrying charge q is moving in a circle in a magnetic field B. According to
Bohr’s model, the energy of the particle in the nth level is
1  hqB   hqB   hqB   hqB 
(a)   (b) n   (c) n   (d) n  
n 2  m   m   2m   4m 

mv
Soln. Radius of circular orbit, r 
qB

m2v 2
Angular momentum of particle = mvr 
qB
According to Bohr’s model,
Angular momentum = n

m2v 2 nh
 n 
qB 2

hqB
 mv 2  n
2 m

1 2  hqB 
 mv  n  
2  4 m 

 hqB 
Therefore, energy of particle = n  
 4 m 
Correct answer is (d)
2 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014

3. A conducting slab of copper PQRS is kept on the xy plane in a uniform magnetic field along x-
axis as indicated in the figure. A steady current I flows through the cross section of the slab along
the y-axis. The direction of the electric field inside the slab, arising due to the applied magnetic
field is along the
Z
S R
Q
P I
Y
B
X
(a) negative Y direction (b) positive Y direction
(c) negative Z direction (d) positive Z direction
Soln. Force on positive charge is in the direction Jˆ  Bˆ  ˆj  iˆ   kˆ . Therefore, the positive charge will
accomulate on lower surface. Therefore, direction of induced electric field will be from lower
plate to upper plate. That is in positive z-direction.
Correct answer is (d)
4. A collimated beam of light of diameter 1mm is propagating along the x-axis. The beam is to be
expanded to a collimated beam of diameter 10 mm using a combination of two convex lenses.
A lens of focal length of 50 mm and another lens with focal length F are to be kept at a distance
d between them. The values of F and d respectively, are
(a) 450 mm and 10 mm (b) 400 mm and 500 mm
(c) 550 mm and 600 mm (d) 500 mm and 550 mm

B
A
5 mm
0.5
mm
Soln. 1 mm
01 F 02 10
mm

50 mm

A01 B 02
In the figure 
50 F
50  5
F  500 mm  50 cm
0.5
d  500  50  550 mm
Correct answer is (d)
5. Octal equivalent of decimal number 47810 is
(a) 7368 (b) 6738 (c) 6378 (d) 3678
Soln. Correct answer is (a)
 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014 3

6. A spherical ball of ice has radius R0 and is rotating with an angular speed  about an axis passing
through its centre. At time t = 0, it starts acquiring mass because the moisture (at rest) around it
starts to freeze on it uniformly. As a result its radius increases as R(t )  R0  t , where  is a
constant. The curve which best describes its angular speed with time is

   

(a) (b) (c) (d)

t t t t

Soln. Radius R(t )  R0  t .

Angular momentum of system remains constant.
 I   constant
2
MR 2  constant
5
2 4
  R5  constant ,  = density..
5 3
1
 
R5
Therefore, as radius increases  decreases non-linearly. Therefore, correct answer is (b)

px2 1 2
7. In 1-dimension, an ensemble of N classical particles has energy of the form E   kx . The
2m 2
average internal energy of the system at temperature T is
3 1
(a) Nk BT (b) Nk BT (c) 3 Nk BT (d) Nk BT
2 2
Soln. For one particle, the energy,

px2 1 2
E  kx
2m 2
The average internal energy of one particle
 E
e Ed f q d f p
U1   E , f = degree of freedom = 1 (in 1-D for single particle)
e dfqdf p

 p2 1 
   x  kx 2 
 2m 2



 px2 1 2 
 e   kx  dpx dx
U1     2m 2  1 1
 kT  kT  kT
 px2 1 2 
      kx 
 2m 2 
2 2
 
 e dp x dx
 

Or, According to equipartitian theorem,

4 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014

1
[“The contribution of each quadratic term in Hamiltonian to average thermal energy is kT ”]
2
1 1
U1  kT  kT  kT
2 2
Average energy of N-particle system
U  NU1  NkT
Correct answer is (d)
8. In a photoelectric effect experiment, ultraviolet light of wavelength 320 nm falls on the photocathode
with work function of 2.1 eV. The stopping potential should be close to
(a) 1.8 V (b) 1.6 V (c) 2.2 V (d) 2.4 V
Soln. Einstein’s photoelectric equation,
 Ek max  h  W0
where,  Ek  max  K .E. of the emitted photo electrons
v = frequency of the incident light.
W0 = work function of the metal.
hc 1240 eV -nm
 eV0   W0  eV0   2.1 eV
 320 eV

 V0  1.8 volts
Correct answer is (a)
9. In an ideal operational amplifier depicted below, the potential at node A is

25k
5k A
–
5V
+
1V

(a) 1 V (b) 0 V (c) 5 V (d) 25 V

Soln. Due to virtual ground concept potential at node A = 0V. Since non-inverting terminal is at 0V
Correct answer is (b)
10. To operate a npn transistor in active region, its emitter-base and collector-base junction respectively,
should be
(a) forward biased and reversed biased (b) forward biased and forward biased
(c) reversed biased and forward biased (d) reversed biased and reversed biased
Soln. For a transistor to be operated in active region.
Emitter base junction = Forward biased
Collector base junction = Reverse biased.
Correct answer is (b)
 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014 5

Q. 11 - Q. 35 carry two marks each.


n 
11. The value of r
n 0
sin(n) for r = 0.5 and  
3
is

1 2 3
(a) (b) (c) (d) 3
3 3 2

Soln.  r n sin  n 
n 0

   2  3  3 
 r 0 .sin  0   r1 sin    r 2 sin    r sin   +
3  3   3 

 4  5  5  6  6 
r 4 .sin    r sin    r sin    .....
 3   3   3 
2 4 5
1  3 1  3 1  3 1  3
   .      .    0              0  .....
2  2  2  2   2   2   2   2 

 1   3   1  4  3   1 2  3   1 5  3 
   .          ......    .      .    ........
 2   2   2   2    2   2   2   2  

a
Both are infinite G.P. Series and the sum of a infinite G.P. series is , where a is the first term
1 r
and r is the common ratio of G.P. series.

2
1 3 1 3
.   . 1 3 8 1 3 8 1
2 2
 2 2
3
   3
 . .  . . 
 1   1  2 2 9 4 2 9 3
1       1     
  2     2  

Correct answer is (a)

12. In a parallel plate capacitor the distance between the plates is 10 cm. Two dielectric slabs of
thickness 5cm each and dielectric constants K1 = 2 and K2 = 4 respectively, are inserted between
the plates. A potential of 100V is applied across the capacitor as shown in the figure. The value
of the net bound surface charge density at the interface of the two dielectrics is

K2 = 4
10 cm 100V
K1 = 2

2000 1000 2000

(a)  0 (b)  0 (c)  2500 (d) 0
3 3 3
6 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014

Soln. Let  be the surface change density on the capacitor’s plate.

Therefore, charge density at the interface will be

1 1 Q 1 1
     .  
 k2 k1  A  k2 k1  –
C2 k2
–
 C1 .C2  C1 k1 +
 V +
CV  1 1   C1  C2   k1  k2 
     
A  k2 k1  A  k1.k 2 

A 0 k1 A 0 k2
.
V  k1  k2  V  0 k1  k2
 d /2 d /2   .
 A 0 k1 A 0 k2  A  k1.k2  d / 2 k1  k 2
  
 d /2 d /2 

100   0 2  4 2000
   0
0.1 24 3
2
Correct answer is (a)
13. The electric fields of two light sources with nearby frequencies 1 and 2 , and wave vectors k1
 
and k2, are expressed as E1  E10ieˆ  i ( k1z 1t ) and E2  E20ie
ˆ i ( k2 z 2t ) , respectively. The interference

pattern on the screen is photographed at t  t0 ; denote (k1  k 2 ) z  (1  2 )t0 by  . For this
pattern
(a) a bright fringe will be obtained for cos   1
(b) a bright fringe intensity is given by ( E10 ) 2  ( E20 ) 2
(c) a dark fringe will be obtained for cos   1
(d) a dark fringe intensity is given by ( E10  E20 ) 2
Soln. It is the problem of beats bright fringe is obtained when
   
cos    1   n  the dark fringe is obtained when cos  0
2 2 2
2 2
From interference we know that maximum intensity   E01  E02  and min   E01  E02 
Correct answer is (d)
14. A solid metallic cube of heat capacity S is at temperature 300K. It is brought in contact with a
reservoir at 600K. If the heat transfer takes place only between the reservoir and the cube, the
entropy change of the universe after reaching the thermal equilibrium is
(a) 0.69 S (b) 0.54 S (c) 0.27 S (d) 0.19 S
 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014 7

600K Reservoir

Soln.

300K Solid metallic cubic

Suniverse  S system  S surrounding

S surrounding 
 dQ   SdT  S T  S  600  300    S
T T T 600 2
T2
SdT S nT2 1
S system   dS      S n  S n 2
T1
T T1 2

S
S surrounding  S n 2 
 0.19S
2
Correct answer is (d)

15. If the surface integral of the field A( x, y , z )  2xiˆ  yjˆ  3zkˆ over the closed surface of an
arbitrary unit sphere is to be zero, then the relationship between ,  and  is
(a)    / 6    0 (b)  / 3   / 6   / 2  0
(c)  / 2     / 3  0 (d) 2 /   1 /   3 /   0
Soln. According to Divergence Theorem,
   

 A.ds   . A dV 
s V
   
By questions, 
 A.ds   
 . A dV  0

s V

   2    3  dV  0
V

  2    3   0
  
   0
3 6 2
16. The moment of inertia of a disc about one of its diameters is IM. The mass per unit area of the
disc is proportional to the distance from its centre. If the radius of the disc is R and its mass is
M, the value of IM is
1 2 3 3
(a)MR 2 (b) MR
2
(c) MR 2 (d) MR 2
2 5 10 5
Soln. Moment of inertia about diameter
8 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014

I d   r 2 sin 2  dm

I   r 2 sin 2  . .rdrd
Given,   kr
R 2
I d  k  r dr 4
sin 2
 d  kR5
0
0 =
5
.

Now, M   dm   kr.rdrd

R3 r 
M  k .2
3
3M
k
2 R 3

kR5 3M R 5 3MR 2
 Id   .  Id 
5 2 R 3 5 10
Correct answer is (c)

17. A rigid uniform horizontal wire PQ of mass M, pivoted at P, carries a constant current I. It rotates
with a constant angular speed in a uniform vertical magnetic field B. If the current were switched
off, the angular acceleration of the wire, in terms of B, M and I would be
P Q

2 BI 3BI BI
(a) 0 (b) (c) (d)
3M 2M M

Soln. Here magnetic torque is being balanced by some other torque  0 

Therefore,  magnetic   0

1
IBL2   0
2
When magnetic field is switched off the other torque remains present. Therefore, angular acceleration
is produced by the other torque.

1
IBL2
0 3 BI
2 2 
Therefore, angular acceleration = moment of inertia ML 2M
3
Correct answer is (c)
 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014 9

18. Two points N and S are located in the northern and southern hemisphere, respectively, on the same
longitude. Projectiles P and Q are fired from N and S, respectively, towards each other. Which
of the following options is correct for the projectiles as they approach the equator?
(a) Both P and Q will move towards the east
(b) Both P and Q will move towards the west
(c) P will move towards the east and Q towards the west
(d) P will move towards the west and Q towards the east
Soln. Projectiles will deviate in the direction of coriolis of force. Since, direction of coriolis. Force on

the both the projectiles is towards west (as determined by v   . So, both will deviate towards
west.
Correct answer is (b)
19. Two particles A and B of mass m and one particle C of mass M are kept on the x axis in the order
ABC. Particle A is given a velocity viˆ . Consequently there are two collisions, both of which are
7
completely inelastic. If the net energy loss because of these collisions is 8 of the initial energy,,
the value of M is (ignore frictional losses)
(a) 8 m (b) 6 m (c) 4 m (d) 2 m
7 1 2
Soln. Given, loss in energy  . mv
8 2
2
1 2 1  mv  7 1 2
Or, mv   M  2m  .    . mv
2 2  M  2m  8 2

m 7
Or, 1  
M  2m 8
M m 7

M  2m 8
8M + 8M = 7m + 14m
 M = 6m
Correct answer is (b)
   1
20. The line integral  A.dl of a vector field A ( x, y )  2 (  yiˆ  xjˆ) , where r 2  x 2  y 2 , is taken
r
around a square (see figure) of side unit length and centered at ( x0 , y0 ) with | x0 |  1
2
and | y0 |  12 .
If the value of the integral is L, then
(a) L depends on ( x0 , y0 )
(b) L is independent of ( x0 , y0 ) and its value is –1 y

(c) L is independent of ( x0 , y0 ) and its value is 0

(d) L is independent of ( x0 , y0 ) and its value is 2 x

 1 1
Soln.  
A  2  yiˆ  xjˆ  2
r x  y2

 yiˆ  xjˆ 
10 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014

iˆ ˆj kˆ
    
 A  0
x y z
y x
0
x  y2
2
x  y2
2

and the field in defined everwhere within and on the square of side unit length and centered at
1 1
 x0 , y0  with x0  2 and y0  2
    

Therefore, L  A.d    
  A .ds (Stokes Theorem)

c s

=0 (independent of  x0 , y0  )
Correct answer is (c)
21. Diamond lattice can be considered as a combination of two fcc lattices displaced along the body
diagonal by one quarter of its length. There are eight atoms per unit cell. The packing fraction of
the diamond structure is
(a) 0.48 (b) 0.74 (c) 0.34 (d) 0.68
3
4  3 
8   a
Soln. Number of atoms×Volume of sphere 3  8 
APF    0.34
Volume a3
Correct answer is (c)
22. Thermal neutrons (energy = 300 kB = 0.025eV) are sometimes used for structural determination
of materials. The typical lattice spacing of a material for which these can be used is
(a) 0.01 nm (b) 0.05 nm (c) 0.1 nm (d) 0.15 nm
Soln. a sin   n
 30.08 
 a  sin    n  Å
 T 
(Using sin   1, n 1)
 30.08 
 a Å   1.52 Å  0.152 nm
 300 
Correct answer is (d)
23. What is the maximum height above the dashed line attained by the water stream coming out at
B from a thin tube of the water tank assembly shown in the figure? Assume h = 10m, L = 2m,
and   30º .
A
h L B
 y=0

(a) 10 m (b) 2 m (c) 1.2 m (d) 3.2 m

 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014 11

Soln. Maximum height above dahsed line

H max  Lsin   max height of water above B

v 2 sin 2 
 L sin   , v  2 g  h  L sin   = efflux velocity..
2g

2 g  h  L sin   sin 2 
 L sin  
2g

 L sin  .cos 2   h sin 2 

ON substituting the values, we get
H max  3.2 m
Therefore, correct answer is (d)
24. A steady current in a straight conducting wire produces a surface charge on it. Let Eout and Ein
be the magnitudes of the electric fields just outside and just inside the wire, respectively. Which
of the following statements is true for these fields?
(a) Eout is always greater than Ein
(b) Eout is always smaller than Ein
(c) Eout could be greater or smaller than Ein
(d) Eout is equal to Ein
Soln. Using boundary condition we get

Eout  Ein  0
0

 Eout  Ein
Correct answer is (b)
25. A small charged spherical shell of radius 0.01 m is at a potential of 30V. The electrostatic energy
of the shell is
(a) 10–10 J (b) 5 × 10–10 J (c) 5 × 10–9 J (d) 10–9 J
1 2 1 2
Soln. U  CV  .4 0 R.V
2 2
1 1
  9
 0.01 900  5  10 10 J
2 9  10
Correct answer is (b)
26. At an instant shown, three point masses m, 2m and 3m rest on a horizontal surface, and are at the
vertices of an equilateral triangle of unit side length. Assuming that G is the gravitational constant,
the magnitude and direction of the torque on the mass 3m, about the point O, at that instant is
3m

m 2m
O
12 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014

3
(a) zero (b) G 3m 2 , going into the paper
2
3
(c) 3G 3m 2 , coming out of the paper (d) G 3m 2 , going into the paper
4
Soln. Torque about O,  F . r

2 3
2 3m 3Gm sin2 30º
3Gm sin30º 6Gm sin30º2

1 3 1
2 3 3
 Gm 2 (into the paper)
m O 1 4 2m
Correct answer is (d)
27. A sine wave of 5V amplitude is applied at the input of the circuit shown in the figure. Which of
the following waveforms represents the output most closely?
Vin Vout
1k

3V

5V 5V
(a) (b)
–3V
–5V

3V 3V
(c) (d)
–3V –5V

Vi

–5
3V

–5

V0
Soln.
3V

–5V

Correct answer is (d)

 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014 13

28. 1011 binary input have been applied at X 3 X 2 X 1 X 0 input in the shown logic circuit made of XOR

gates. The binary output Y3Y2Y1Y0 of the circuit will be

X3 Y3

X2 Y2

X1 Y1

X0 Y0

(a) 1101 (b) 1010 (c) 1111 (d) 0101

1 0 1 1

EXOR operation
Soln.
1 1 0 1

Correct answer is (a)

29. A ring of radius R carries a linear charge density  . It is rotating with angular speed  . The
magnetic field at its centre is
30  0  0 
(a) (b) (c) (d)  0 
2 2 
Soln. Magnetic field at centre
µ0 I
BC 
2R
In this case, I  v   R
µ0  R µ0 
 BC  
2R 2
Correct answer is (b)
30. A stationary source (see figure below) emits sound waves of frequency f towards a wall. If an
observer moving with speed u in a direction perpendicular to the wall, measures a frequency
f   98 f at the instant shown, then u is related to the speed of sound Vs as

Source Wall
30º

30º
Observer u

(a) Vs (b) Vs/2 (c) Vs/4 (d) Vs/8

Soln. The point on the wall from where sound gets reflected acts as the source.
14 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014

Source

300

300

600
u
Observer

u
The approach velocity of the observer toward the source u cos 600 
2

 u  u
 Vs  2  9  Vs  2 
So, f   f   f  f  
 Vs  8  Vs 
   

9 u u 1 V
 1   u  s
8 2Vs 2Vs 8 4
Correct answer is (c)
31. A real gas has specific volume v at temperature T. Its coefficient of volume expansion and
isothermal compressibility are  and kT, respectively. Its molar specific heat at constant pressure
Cp and molar specific heat at constant volume Cv are related as
Tv Tv 2
(a) C p  Cv  R (b) C p  Cv  (c) C p  Cv  (d) C p  Cv
kT kT

 Q   Q   S   S 
Soln. CP  CV   T    T   T  T   T  T  ... (1)
 P  V  P  V
Let us consider that entropy, S = S (T, V). Then the change in entropy
 S   S 
dS    dT    dV
 T V  V T

 dS   S   S  dV
  dT    T    V  dT
   V  T

 S   S   S   V 
  T    T    V   T 
 P  V  T  P

 S   S   S   V 
  T    T    V   T 
 P  V  T  P
By using Maxwell’s thermodynamic relation.
 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014 15

 S   P 
 V    T 
 T  V

 S   S   P   V 
 T    T    T   T  ... (2)
 P  V  V  P
From equation (1) and (2)
 P   V 
CP  CV  T     ... (3)
 T V  T  P

Let P  P T ,V 

 P   P 
dP    dT    dV
 T   V T

dP  P   P   dV 
 dT   T    T   dT 
 V  T  

 P   P   V 

 T   0   T   T 
 P  T  P

 P   P   V 
  T     V   T  ... (4)
 V  T  P
From equation (3) and (4)

 1  V  
 kT   V  P  
2
 1  V 2    
 P   V  2  P 
CP  CV  T      TV    2    1  V  
 V T  T  P   V T  V  T  P     
 V  T  P 

TV  2
 CP  CV 
kT
Correct answer is (c)
32. Two frames, O and O , are in relative motion as shown. O is moving with speed c/2, where c
is the speed of light. In frame O, two separate events occur at ( x1 , t1 ) and ( x2 , t2 ) . In frame O ,
these events occur simultaneously. The value of ( x2  x1 ) / (t2  t1 ) is
c/2

O O
x
(a) c/4 (b) c/2 (c) 2c (d) c
Soln. Suppose, two events occur in the frame ‘O’ occurs at t '1 and t '2
According to Lorentz transformation,
16 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014

 vx   vx 
t '1    t1  21  and t '2    t2  22 
 c   c 
In frame O ' , two events will be simultaneous is t '1  t '2

v
  t2  t1    x2  x1 
c2


 t2  t1   v c 1
 . 2 
1
 x2  x1  c 2 2 c 2c

  x2  x1  /  t2  t1   2c
Correct answer is (c)
33. White light is incident on a grating G1 with groove density 600 lines/nm and width 50mm. A
small portion of the diffracted light is incident on another grating G2 with groove density 1800
lines/mm and width 15mm. The resolving power of the combined system is
(a) 3×103 (b) 57×103 (c) 81×107 (d) 108×105
Soln. After passing from first grating
The wavelengths  and    get resolved, where

 600  50 (in the first order, resolving power = number of lines)

After passing from the second grating, wavelengths  and   d  get resolved

where   1800  15
d
  
The resolving power is    600  50  1800  15
d   d 
 30  270  105  81  107
Correct answer is (c)
34. Four particles of mass m each are inside a two dimensional square box of side L. If each state
obtained from the solution of the Schrodinger equation is occupied by only one particle, the
h2
minimum energy of the system in units of is
mL2
5 11 25
(a) 2 (b) (c) (d)
2 2 4
Soln. Energy eigenvalue of a particle of mass ‘m’ inside a two dimensional square box of length ‘L’ is

 2 2 2 2
Enx ny 
2mL2

nx  n y   nx , n y  1, 2,3......

 22
Ground state corresponds to (1, 1) i.e. E11 
mL2
 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014 17

First excited state corresponding to (1, 2), (2, 1)

Second excited state corresponding to (2, 2) and so on.
Since, each state is occupied by only one particle, then minimum energy will be

10 2 2 5 h2
E   E11  E12  E21  E22   
mL2 2 mL2
Correct answer is (b)
35. At atmospheric pressure (= 105 Pa), aluminium melts at 550K. As it melts, its density decreases
f r o m
3 3 3 3 3
3 × 10 kg/m to 2.9 × 10 kg/m . Latent heat of fusion of aluminium is 24 × 10 J/kg. The melting
point of aluminium at a pressure of 107 Pa is closest to
(a) 551.3 K (b) 552.6 K (c) 558.7 K (d) 547.4 K
Soln. Using Clausius-Clapeyron equation,
dP 1

dT T V2  V1 
We get, melting point = 552.6 K
Correct answer is (b)

PART-II : SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Q.36 - Q.43 carry five marks each

d2y dy
36. Find the solution of the differential equation 2
 5  0 with the boundary condition y(0) =
dx dx

2 and dy  2 , giving all steps clearly. Find the value of x where y = 0.

dx x 0

d2y dy
Soln. 2
5  0
dx dx

Let us assume that trial solution by y  C .emx

Putting the trial solution in the given differential equation. We get,

 m 2

 5m C.e mx  0

 m 2
 5m   0  For non-trivial solution 
 m  0,  5

So, y  C1.e 0.x  C2e 5 x  C1  C2e5 x

Putting y = 2 at x = 0,  C1  C2  2

dy
Now,  5C2 e 5 x
dx
18 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014

dy 2
Putting  2 at x = 0   5C2  2  C2 
dx 5
12
So, C1  C2  2  C1 
5
The solution of the given differential equation will be

12 2 5 x
y  e
5 5

37. The electric field in an electromagnetic (EM) wave is E  6iˆ sin[2(106 z  3  1014 t )] . What is
the intensity of the EM wave and the number of photons per second falling on the unit area of
a perfectly reflecting screen kept perpendicular to the direction of propagation? When a photon
in this beam is reflected from the screen, what is the impulse it imparts to the screen? Use this
to find the pressure exerted by the EM wave on the screen.

6 14
Soln. Given : E  6 iˆ sin  2 10 z  3 10 t  
1 2
Intensity of the E.M. wave, I  C 0 E0
2

 I  0.025 W / m 2
Number of photons per second falling on the unit area of a perfectly reflecting screen kept
perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
I I 0.025
n   s 1
h  1.06 10  2  3 10
34 14

 n  1.25  1017 s 1

h
Linear momentum of each photon 
c
h
Total momentum of all photons falling per second on an unit area  n
c
As the total momentum of the photons is transferring to the surface, therefore this momentum i.e.
nh
is transferred to the unit area per second.
c
Since, the rate of change in momentum = exerted force.
nh
So, impulse imparted by the photon on the screen in one second = change in momentum =
c
(for unit area]

1.25 1017 1.06 1034  3 1014  2

Impulse  N -sec
3 108
 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014 19

 Impulse  8.32  10 11 N  sec

Presure exerted by E.M. wave on the screen
= Exerted force per unit area
= Rate of change in momentum per unit area

nh
 P  8.32  1011 N /m 2
C
38. A uniform rod of mass m and length l is hinged at one of its ends O and is hanging vertically.
It is hit at its midpoint with a very short duration impulse J so that it starts rotating about O. Find
the magnitude and direction of the horizontal impulse that O applies on the rod when it is hit.
O

Soln. Let J ' be angular impulse from the support

 J  J '  MVC ... (i)

1
and J  I
2 O


JL ML2 2VC  L 2V 
 .  VC  , C VC
2 3 L  2 L 

J 2MVC
  ... (ii)
2 3
Dividing (i) by (ii), we get
2  J  J ' 3

J 2
J  J' 3 J
Or,  ; J'  
J 4 4
39. An easy derivation of PV = constant for an ideal gas undergoing an adiabatic process:
Consider P and V as the basic variables of an ideal gas and write the heat exchanged dQ in terms
of dV and dP. Next, using the definition of CP and CV in the expression for dQ, obtain a differential
equation relating P and V for an adiabatic process and solve it to get the desired relationship.
Derivation SHOULD NOT use the first law of thermodynamics. [For a function f ( x, y ) the

 f   f 
differential df    dx    dy ]
 x  y  y  x

 Q   Q 
Soln. Let Q(V, P) then dQ   V  dV   P  dP ... (1)
 P  V
20 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014

For adiabatic process dQ = 0

 S   S 
T  dV  T   dP  0
 V  P  P V

 S   T   S   T 
 T  T   V  dV  T  T   P  dP  0 ... (2)
 P  P  V  V

 Q   S   Q   S 
We know, CP   T   T  T  , CV   T   T  T 
 P  P  V  V

CP
, PV  RT
CV

 V  R  P  R
Using,  T   P ,  T   V
 P  V

P V
We get, CP dV  CV dP
R R
CP V
 dV  CV dP
CV R

C P dV dP
 
CV V P

dV dP
     constant
V P
 nV r  nP  constant  nA
 PV   constant
40. As shown in the figure below, an unpolarised beam of light of wavelength 500nm is incident on
a linear polariser at AF with vertical polarisation. The light beam then passes through a wave plate
BE (half wave or quarter wave plate) of thickness 1.00125 mm and gets reflected from a mirror
CD. The reflected light is indicated by the dashed line (DEF) in the diagram. The ordinary and
extraordinary refractive indices for the material of the wave plate are 1.658 and 1.558, respectively.
Light is incident normally on all surfaces.
A B C

F E D
Linear Wave Plane
Polarizer plate mirror

(a) What is the polarisation of the beam at C?

(b) What is the polarisation of the beam at E and F?
Soln. The path difference introduced by the plate between ordinary and extraordinary rays is
(1.658  1.558) 1.00125 mm  0.100  1.00125 mm  0.100125 mm  100125 nm
 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014 21

2 2 
Now, the phase difference  (path difference) = (100125)   40
 500 2
So, the plate is a quarter wave plate.
(a) At C the light is elliptically polarized
(b) At E the light has passed the quarter wave plate twice, so the phase difference of  is introduced,
so the light is linearly polarized.
41. A standing wave of light is formed between two mirrors and a beam of atoms is incident on it
normally (see figure below) from the left. On the right side, atoms are detected in the direction
of the beam and also at an angle  as shown in the figure. This is due to material waves of atoms
diffracted by the standing wave that acts like a grating; the slit width of this grating is given by
the distance between two maxima of the light intensity. If the atomic beam is made of atoms of
mass m moving with speed v and the light wave has wavelength  L , find the smallest angle 
by using the diffraction condition.

Atomic beam 

L
Soln. The standing wave acts like slit whose width is (because in stating wave, the distance
2
between two consecutive maxima called anti-nodes is half of the wavelength).

L
2

Now, the wavelength of atoms (de Broglie wavelength)

h h
 
p mv
From the diffraction condition
a sin   n 
For smallest  , n  1
22 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014

L h 2h
So, sin    sin 
2 mv mvL

 2h 
   sin 1  
 mvL 
42. According to Wien’s theory of black body radiation, the spectral energy density in a blackbody
cavity at temperature T is given as
  / T
uT ( )d   e d
c 5
3

where  and  are constants and c is the speed of light. Further, the intensity of radiation coming

u c
out of the cavity is T , where uT   uT ( )d  is the total energy density of radiation. Given that
4 0

Stefan-Boltzmann constant   5.67 × 10–8 Wm–2K–4 and  maxT  2.90  10 3 m.K, find the

3 x
values of  and  . The value of integral x e dx  6 .
0

Soln. According to Wein’s theory of Black body radiation, the spectral energy density in a blackbody
cavity at temperature T is given by,
   / T
uT    d   e d
C 3 5


Total energy density uT   uT    d 

0


 1
 uT  3  5 e   / T d 
C 0

 1 
Assuming  x   2 d   dx
T  T
0
 x 5T 5  T 
 uT  3  5 e x .   2   dx
C    

0 
 x 5T 5  x  2 T   1 4 x 3
 3  e .    dx  3 . 4 T  e .x dx
C   5    C  0

 T4
 uT  6
C3  4
Total intensity of radiation coming out of the cavity
 SOLVED PAPER : IIT-JAM 2014 23

uT C 3  T 4
E 
4 2 C 2 4

Accorindg, Stefan-Boltzmann law, E   T 4

3  8 2 4
So, 2 3 4    5.67  10 Wm k
C .

   / T
Given: uT     e
C 3 5

 
 n uT     ln  3   5 ln   n e   / T
C 
 
1 duT    5   1 
    2 
uT    d  T   

For maximum uT    at   m ,

duT    5  
0    2 0  mT     5mT
d  m
m T m 5

   14.5  103 m.K

3  8
Since, 2 . 2 4  5.67  10    150.38 J .m 4 .sec5
C .
43. A horizontal rod of proper length L moves with uniform speed V > 0 along the x-axis of a
coordinate frame. A ground observer measures the position coordinates of its two ends at two
different times, with time difference t  0 . The observer finds that the difference between the
two coordinates is L. Calculate t in terms of L, V and the speed of light c. If measured correctly,
what would have been the length of the rod in the ground frame?
Soln. Given, x  L, t  t
Using inverse Lorentz transformation we get
x  V t
x ' 
1  V 2 / c2

Since, in the rest frame of rod x '  L  always 

L  V t
 L
1  V 2 / c2

L
 t 
V

1  1  V 2 / c2 
If measured correctly (i.e. simultaneously) length of the rod will be L 1  V 2 / c 2