Navadisha Montessori School

Std VIII- Check List for Half – Yearly Exam

Chapter – Sound

1. What is wave? Two kinds based on whether they need a medium to propagate – Mechanical &
Electromagnetic , their examples – Sound and Light waves , their differences and similarity, Kinds of
Mechanical waves- Longitudinal and transverse – how they propagate based on their molecular vibration
2. Requisites of a medium to propagate sound- Elasticity, Inertia & frictionless. Speed of sound in different
media in the increasing order- Gas –Lliquid – Solid. Audible range of human hearing. Names of the
waves below and above the audible range
3. Sound waves are longitudinal waves and propagate as Compressions and Rarefactions
4. Different characteristics of a wave – Amplitude, frequency, Time period, wavelength and wave velocity
,relation between i) time period and frequency- T = 1/F ii) wave velocity and frequency – V = fλ
,numerical based on this mathematical expression.
5. Representation of a wave - Page no. 126
6. Characteristics of Sound – Loudness- Amplitude; their definitions and factors that affect the loudness of a
sound. Relation between loudness and amplitude – L α a2 ; Unit of Level of loudness- decibel (dB),Safe
limit of audible sound is ______ dB
Pitch- Frequency – How do you increase or decrease the pitch of a musical instrument – wind
instruments, stringed instrument, percussion instrument;
Quality – Waveform – How do you distinguish and recognize two different sounds- by seeing the
waveform of the two sounds Page no – 133 Pink coloured table, Go through the solved examples
Chapter – Light
1. Luminous, non-luminous, bio luminescence, ray, beam of light, converging and diverging beam,
shadow, natural shadows- lunar and solar eclipse – diagrammatic representation
2. Define – Reflection , Laws of reflection characteristics of the image formed by a plane mirror,no of
images formed when two plane mirrors are placed at an angle- θ ; θ/360 – even no - subtract 1 , if it is
odd – remains the same. Kinds of spherical mirror – Convex mirror- diverging mirror Concave mirror-
converging mirror – their uses. Distinguish real and virtual image, convenient rays to represent
formation of image using spherical mirrors . nature of image formed for various position of the object
3. Refraction- define , Cause, laws , refractive index , what do you mean by saying refractive index of glass
is 1.5 ? Draw and label as a diagram the path of light when it propagates from a rarer to a denser; denser
to rarer medium, Finding the refractive index ‘μ’using i) speed of light ii) sin of angle of incidence and
refraction iii) real and apparent depth iv) wavelength of light . Refraction through a glass block diagram
and label, what is lateral displacement? Some effects of refraction – real and apparent depth, mirage,
early sunrise and late sunset.
4. Refraction through a Prism – diagram for a mono chromatic and polychromatic ray of light. Dispersion,
definition , cause of dispersion – change in the speed of light
5. Scattering –Process of Absorption and re emission of light. Responsible for the blue colour of the sky.
Chapter Electricity
1. Definition and their S.I units – i) Current ii) Electric Potential iii) Potential difference – P.D
iv) Resistance – Obstruction offered by the conductor to the flow of current
2. Resistance for i) short and thicker wire is less ii) long and thin wire is more
3. Mathematical expression for all these physical quantities and their units :-
i) Q = ne [ couloumb – C] ; Q –charge ; n= number ; e= electrons
ii) Q = ne [ couloumb – C] ; Q –charge ; n= number ; e= electrons ;
iii) I = Q/t [ ampere- A] ; I – current ; Q –charge; t= time ; 1A = 1C/1s
iv) V= W/Q [ volts- V] ; V – P.D or voltage; W- work done or elec.ene ; q – charge 1V= 1J/1C
v) V=IR [ Ohm’s Law]
vi) P = W/t [ watt - W] ; P- power; W – energy ; t-time ; 1 watt= 1J/1s
vii) W= P×t [joule – J] ; P-power in watt ; W is energy ;t=time
viii) W = VIT joules ; P = VI watts
ix) W= I2Rt joules ; P = I2R watts
x) W= V2 /Rt joules ; P = V2 /R watts
xi) Commercial unit of electrical energy - kWh[kilo watt hour] – 1 Unit

4. Numericals based on these expressions – Solved examples in the text book [Pg.No- 148,149] based on
consumption of energy
5. Ohm’s law statement – Physical conditions remaining the same , the current passing through a conductor
is directly proportional to the voltage applied across the terminals of the conductor.
6. The three wires which form the electrical circuits in our house- i) Live Wire – colour code – Red or
brown ii) Neutral Wire – colour code black or light blue iii) Earth wire – Green or Yellow
7. At the generating station , the electric power is generated at a voltage of 11 kV
8. What do you mean by power rating of an appliance? If a bulb is rated 60W- 220V :It means that the 60
joules of electrical energy is converted into light and heat energy in one second when the bulb is lighted
at 220 V. P= VI . you can calculate the current from this expression.

Chapter – Heat
1. Distinguish Heat and temperature, effects of heat, thermal expansion – the three kinds, factors that
affect the expansion of a substance, applications of thermal expansion, study of measurement of heat
energy – Calorimetry, factors that affect the quantity of heat energy absorbed or released by a body, units
of heat energy – practical and S.I unit. Principle of Calorimetery; a device used to measure heat energy-
Calorimeter-
2. Q= mc δ t numerical based on this expression, Heat capacity, Specific heat capacity- definitions, units;
consequences of high specific heat capacity of water, change in phase of a substance, evaporation and
boiling – distinguish; define melting, vapourisation, condensation , freezing , sublimation .

Chapter - Energy

1. Define – Work, energy, mathematical expressions for Work, conditions for work to be done, its Unit,
Positive, negative and zero work
2. Define Energy- kinds of energy, identifying the kinds of energy- Potential & Kinetic, mathematical
expressions for the same. P.E = mgh; K.E = 1/2mv2 ., law of conservation of energy, examples of energy
transfer.
Read the Recapitulation given at the back of the lesson in all the chapters.