ntnews.com ntadilabad.
com
MRI scan is harmless. justify?
Zoology
IMP. Very short Answer Questions
1. Differentiate between Perforins and
granzymes?
A. Perforins: Perforins are the enzymes
Produced during the Process of cell
mediated immunity from cytotoxic T -
lymphocytes. Perforins form Pores in the
cell membrane of the infected cells.
Granzymes: Granzymes are the enzymes
Produced during the Process of cell
mediated immunity from cytotoxic T-
Lymphocytes. Granzymes enter the
infected cells through the Perforations
and active certain proteins which help in
distruction of the infected cell i.e., called
apoptosis.
2. More and more People in metro cities
of India are Prone to allergies. Justify?
A. The People in metro cities of India suffer
from allergies leading to asthmatic
attacks due to environmental Pollutions.
3. What are auto- immune disorders?
Give any two examples?
A. Generally our immune system can
recognize our own Proteins (self
antigens) and doesn't attack our own
tissues. Unfortunately, in some cases our
immune system fails to recognise some
of our own body Proteins and treats them
as foreign antigens, that results in attacks
on our own tissues. this leads to some
very serious diseases collectively known
as autoimmune disease.
Eg: 1. Graves disease
Eg: 2. Rheumatoid arthritis
4. How can the graft rejections be
avoided in Patients?
A. After organ transplantation our body
recognises them as foeign and initiate the
graft rejection to avoid this tissue and
maching and blood group matching are
essential before undertaking graft even
after this the Patient has to take immuno
suppressant drugs through out the lifer.
5. What are the functions of sertoli cells
of the seminiferous tubules and the
leyding cells in man?
A. Sertoli cells: also known as nourishing
cells helps in the nourishment of
spermatozoa and Produce a hormone
‘inhibin’, which inhibits the secretion of
FSN.
Leydig cells: Produce testosterone that
controls the secondary sexual characters
and spermatogensis.
6. Define spermiogenesis and
spermiation ?
A. Spermiogenesis: The process in which
haploid spermatids are transformed into
spermatozoa or sperms.
Spermiation: The process in which sperm
head becomes embedded in the sertoli
cells and finally released from the
seminiferous tubules.
7. What does ADA strand far? Deficiency
of ADA causes which disease?
A. ADA stands for adeno sine deaminase.
Deficiency of adenosine deaminase
(ADA) cause severe combined immuno
dificiency (SCID)
8. Define the term transgenic animal?
A. Animals that have their own genome and
had their DNA manipulated to possess
and express an extra or foreign gene is
known as transgenic animals.
9. Name the yellow mass of cells
accumulate in the empty follicle after
ovulation. Name the hormone secreted
 19,  2019 - 
by it and what is its function?
A. The yellow mass of cells accumulated in
the empty follicles after ovulation is
called Corpus luteum (Yellow body). It
secretes a hormone called Progesterone
which has three major functions.
a. for regular menstrual cycle.
b. for the formation of thick
endometrium in uterus.
c. Maintenance of Pregnancy after fourth
month.
10. Define gestation Period. what is the
duration of gestation Period in the
human beings?
A. The Period during which embryo
development takes place in uterus is
called gestation Period. In humans the
gestation Period is 266 days (38 weeks)
from the fertilization of egg or 40 weeks
from the start of last menstrual cycle.
INTERMEDIATE
s p e c i a l
S E N I O R
11. What is your view are the reasons
for Population explosion, especially
in India?
A. The reasons for Population explosion
in India are
i. Illiteracy among People
ii. Decline in death rate
iii. Increased health care facilities
12. It is true MTP is not meant for
Population control. then why did
the Government of India legalize
MTP?
A. Medical Termination Pregnancy
(MTP) of induced abortion is the
Procedure to terminate Pregnancy
with the help of medications.
Government of India legalized MTP
in 1970 to avoid its misuse, this is
necessary to keep a check on
indiscriminate and illegal Female
foeticides.
13. What is amniocentesis? Name any
two disorders that can be detected
by amniocentesis?
A. Amniocentesis is a diagnostic
Procedure to detect genetic defects in
the unborn baby in which amniotic
fluid is collected from foetus and
diagnosed for abnormalities. Down’s
syndrome, turner’s syndrome and
Edward‘s syndrome can be detected
by amniocentesis.
14. Mention the advantages of
lactational amenorrhea method?
A. Lactational amenorrhea is the absence
of menstruation as long as mother
breast feeds her baby. The advantages
of lactational amenorrhea are
a. as long as the mother fully breast
feeds her child, chances of
conception are almost zero.
b. Breast feeding babies will have
enhanced immunity, Protection
against allergies.
15. What is apiculture?
A. Apiculture is the maintenance of
hives of honeybees for the Production
of honey and wax. apiculture is an
age old cottage industry.
16. Define the term fishery?
A. Fishery is an industry devoted to the
catching, Processing for storage in
freezers and selling of fish, shel fish
or any other aquatic animals for
human consumption.
17. Explain the term hypophysation?
A. making the fishes to breed artificially to
meet the demand of carpseed as called
hypophysation.
18. Differentiate aquaculture and
Pisciculture?
aquaculture: Culturing of fishes and other
aquatic organisms under regulated
conditions to achieve better Production
Pisciculture: Culturing of exclusively Fin
Fishes under regulated conditions to
achieve better Production
19. List out any two Indian carps and two
exotic carps?
Indian carps: a. catla catla (catla)
b. cirrhinus mrigala (mrigal)
Exotic carps: a. Grass carp
b. Silver carp
20. Mention any four fish by Products?
A. a. Shark and cod liver oils
b. Fish guano c. Shagreen
d. Isinglass
21. Define the term vaccine?
A. vaccine is biological Preparation that
improves immunity to a Particular
disease. a vaccine typically contains live
attenuated an inactivated disease causing
organism. the toxins or one of the surface
Proteins of Pathogens are also used in the
Preparation of vaccines.
22. How many eggs do you think were
released by the ovary of a female dog
which gave birth to six Puppies?
A. The dog might have Produced single
ovary but it might be fertilised by six
different Sperms. After fertilization the
synkaryon or zygotic nucleus undergoes
divisions and forms six equal or unequal
zygote, those giving birth to six Puppies.
24. What is Popularly called Guardian
angel of cell Genome?
A. The Protein P53 is a tumor suppressor
Protein which plays an important role
with reference to the G1 check point. In
the regulation of cell division cycle. It
guards the integrity of the DNA. so it is
also called guardian angel of cells
genome.
25. MRI scan is harmless. justify?
A. MRI does not use ionizing radiation, as
involved in X-rays, and is generally safe
and harmless Procedure.
26. List out any four Features of cancer
cells?
A. a. Loss of contact inhibition
b. Reduced intra cellular adhesion
c. Immortalization
d. Loss of anchorage dependence
27. Which substances in a sample are
detected by direct and indirect ELISA
respectively?
A. a. Direct ELISA - used to detect antigens
Present in the sample.
b. In direct ELISA - used to detect
antibodies Present in the sample.
28. Define atavism with an example?
A. Sudden appearance of some vestigial
organs in a better developed condition is
called atavism.
Eg: Tailed human baby
29. What is meant by genetic load. Give an
example?
A. The existence of deleterious genes with
in the Populations is called genetic load.
Eg: Genes for sickle cell anaemia - The
individuals homozygous for sickle cell
gene usually die early due to anaemia.
30. What are the antigens causing ABO
blood grouping? where are they
Present?
7
  
 
, , 
9989535675
A. Iso agglutinogen - A (antigen - A) and
Isoagglutinogen- B (antigen - B) are the
antigen responsible for ABO blood
grouping. These antigens are Present on
the surface of red blood cells.
31. What are the antibodies of ABO blood
grouping? where are they Present?
A. Isoagglutinin - A (anti - A ) and
Isoagglutinin - B (nti -B) are the
antibodies of ABO blood grouping. these
antibodies are Present In the blood
Plasma.
32. Compare the importance of Y -
Chromosome in human being and
Drosophila?
A. In human beings Y - Chromosomes are
responsible for the development of
maleness. In Drosophila Y -
Chromosomes, lacks male determining
factors, but contains only genetic
information essential to male fertility.
33. What are barr bodies?
A. Barr bodies are condensed hetero
chromatin in one of the X - Chromosome
found in the somatic cells of diploid
females. These were observed by
Murray.L.Barr in Female cats and moore
and barr in female human beings.
34. What is Klinefelters syndrome?
A. Klinefelters syndrome is caused by
trisome in 23rd pair. A klinefelter male
Possess an additional X - Chromosomes
along with the normal XY (i.e., 47
Chromosomes)
Symptoms: Hypogonadism, Sterility,
enlargement of breast, high pitched voice
etc., somatic cells of klinefelter male
exhibits barr bodies in their nuclei
35. What is Turners syndrome?
A. It is autosomal disorder. the karyotype is
45, it is due to monosomy is 23rd Pair.
these females have 42 auto somes and
one X - Chromosome.
Symptoms: Short structure, gonadal
dysgenesis, webbed neck, broad shield
like chest and widely spaced nipple etc.
Turners female doesn't show barr bodies.
36. What is Down Syndrome?
A. Down syndrome is a genetic condition
that causes delay in Physical and
intellectual development. The cause of
this genetic disorder is the Presence of an
additional copy of the Chromosomes
numbered-21.
Symptoms: The affected individual is
short, with small round head, Furrowed
tongue and Partially open mouth.
Physical and mental development is
retarded.
 10  19,  2019-  ntnews.com ntadilabad.com

When non volatile solute is...

SOLUTIONS
Continued from Jan 12th

Krupakar Pendli
Centre Head
Urbane junior colleges
7893774888

JEE Main
Special
16 Á‹tyÓ˛
IT'S TIME A NEW BUSINESS TO BE STARTED
Passive Voice
(1-20) Change the following into
passive voice
1. He doesn't sing songs
a) songs don't sing by him
b) songs aren't sung by him
c) songs weren't sung by him
d) songs aren't sing by him
2. Have they solved the problem?
a) Has the problem solved by them ?
b) The problem has been solved by them ?
c) Have the problem been solved by them ?
d) Has the problem been solved by them ?
3. He is not watering plants
a) Plants are not watered by him
b) Plants are not being watered by him
c) Plants aren't watering by him
d) None is correct
4. Will they repay the loan?
a) Will the loan repaid by them ?
b) Will the loan repay by them ?
c) The loan will be repaid by them ?
d) Will the loan be repaid by them ?
5. She always tells lies
a) Lies are always tell by her
b) Lies are told by her
c) Les always told by her
d) None is correct
6. She doesn't know the value of those
books.
a) Those books are not known to her
b) The value of those books is not known
by her
c) The value of those books is not known
to her d) None is correct
7. He often lends them money
a) They are often lent money by him
b) Money is often lent by him
c) They are often lent by him
d) All are correct
8. Did they accompany you to the air-
port?
a) Was airport accompanied by them ?
b) Was you accompanied by them to the
airport?
c) Were you accompanied to the airport
by them ?
d) Were you been accompanied to the air-
port by them?
9. Don't make unnecessary comments
a) Unnecessary comments are not made
b) You shouldn't make unnecessary
comments
c) Let unnecessary comments
not to be made d) None of the above
10. You ought to observe traffic regula-
tions
a) Traffic regulations are ought to be
observed by you
b) Traffic regulations ought to be
observed by you
c) Both A & B d) Neither A nor B
11. It's time to start a new business.
a) It's time a new business to be started
b) It's time you start a new business
c) You should start a new business and it
is time
d) If you want to start a new business,
it's time
12. One should keep one's promises
a) Everyone should be kept his promises
b) One should be kept his promises
c) His promises should be kept by him
d) One's promises should be kept
ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛ ∑ ‘Ë˝∞–ÈΔÊˇÖ 19 fØ˲–ö˛« 2019
ENGLISH COMPREHENSION
FOR ALL COMPETITIVE EXAMS
13.People speak English all over the world
a) All over the world is spoken English
b) English is spoken all over the world
c) English has been spoken all
over the world
d) English was spoken all over the world
14. The pot contains cool water
a) Cool water is contained by the jug
b) Cool water is contained in the jug
c) Both A & B d) Neither A nor B
15. Don't trouble the trouble until the trou-
ble troubles you
a) You shouldn't trouble the trouble until
you are troubled by the trouble
b) Let not the trouble be troubled until the
trouble troubles you
c) Let not the trouble be troubled until
you are troubled by the trouble
d) None of the above
16. Why do you depend on him for every-
thing?
a) Why does he depend on for everything ?
b) Why is he depend on for everything ?
c) Why ws he depended by you ?
d) Why is he depended by you?
17. She is narrating us a story
a) A story is being narrated to us by her
b) We are being narrated a story by her
c) Both A &B d) Neither A nor B
18. What have you done to solve the prob-
lem?
a) What have you done to be solved the
problem
b) What has been done to be solved the
problem
c) What have you been done to solve the
problem
d) What has been done by you to solve the
problem
19. People hope that government will bring
down prices
a) People are hoped that government will
be brought down prices
b) It is hoped that government will bring
down prices
c) It is hoped that government will be
brought down prices
d) None of the above
20. You can't pump the ocean dry
a) You can't be pumped ocean dry
b) Ocean can be pumped bry
c) Dry can't be pumped by ocean
www.andhrajyothy com .
30. Were many books contained in the bag?
a) Was the bag contained many books?
b) Were many books contained the bag?
c) Does the bag contain many books?
d) Did the bag contain many books ?
31. The matter will be looked in to by them
a) They won't look in to the matter
b) They will look the matter
c) They will look in to the matter
d) None of the above
32. He was accused of various offences by
his colleagues
a) His colleagues accused him various
offences
b) His colleagues accused him of various
offences
c) His colleagues have accused him of
various offences d) None of the above
33. Fields are overgrown with grass
a) Grass will grow over fields
b) Grass grew over fields
c) Grass grows over fields
d) None of the above
34. Uniform need not be worn by you
a) You wear uniform
d) None of the above b) You don't wear uniform
c) You needn't wear uniform
(21-40) Change the following in d) You can wear uniform
to Active voice 35. It's time the roll to be called
a) Call the roll b) Don't call the roll
21. Let not spicy food be eaten and let c) It's time the roll call
extra milk be taken d) It's time to call the roll
a) Don't eat spicy food and don't take 36. Why are pigeons fed by you every
extra milk morning?
b) Eat spicy food and take extra milk a) Why do you feed pigeons
c) Both A & B every morning?
d) Don't eat spicy food and take extra milk b) Why did you feed pigeons
22. The field is not being ploughed by the every morning?
farmer c) Why are you feeding pigeons every
a) The farmer doesn't plough the field morning? d) None of the above
b) The farmer hasn't ploughed the field 37. Are apples not liked by him?
c) The farmer is not ploughing the field a) Don't he like apples?
d) None of the above b) Does he like apples?
23. May you be blessed with a child c) Did he like apples?
a) May God bless you with a child d) Does he not like apples?
b) You may be blessed with a child 38. You are offered this job because of your
c) A child may be blessed by God talent
d) May a child be blessed with God a) You offer this job because your are
24. Sugar is sweet when it is tasted talented
a) Taste sugar b) They offer this job because you are
b) When it is tasted sugar is sweet talented
c) Don't taste sugar d) Sugar is sweet c) They offer this job to you because of
25. The leader was given a warm welcome your talent d) None of the above
a) A warm welcome gave the leader 39. Has the movie not been seen yet by you?
b) People gave the leader a warm welcome a) Have you not seen the movie yet?
c) They gave the leader a warm welcome b) Has the movie seen yet?
d) None of the above c) Did you not see the movie yet?
26. It is considered that she is intellilgent d) Don't you see the movie yet?
a) She is considered to be intelligent 40. My pocket has been picked
b) Intelligent is considered by her a) He picked my pocket
c) People are considered her intelligent b) He has picked my pocket
d) People consider her intelligent c) He had picked my pocket
27. We are made their slaves by our habits d) Someone has picked my pocket
a) our habits make us their slaves
b) our habits made us their slaves
c) our habits have made us their slaves T Sathaiah, Vikas Academy
d) our habits are making us their slaves
28. What can't be cured must be endured Answers
a) we can cure what we can't endure 1) B 9) C 17) C 25) B 33) C
b) what must endured can be cured 2) D 10) B 18) D 26) D 34) C
c) we must cure what we can't endure 3) B 11) A 19) B 27) A 35) D
d) we must endure what we can't cure 4) D 12) D 20) D 28) D 36) A
29. How is this proposal being objected to 5) B 13) B 21) D 29) B 37) D
by him ? 6) B 14) B 22) C 30) D 38) C
a) How is he objecting this proposal 7) A 15) C 23) A 31) C 39) A
b) How is he objecting to this proposal 8) C 16) B 24) D 32) B 40) D
c) Both A & B d) Neither A nor B
 www.andhrajyothy com
QÁ‹Ö∫Ö´V¯‚Ê®˝‘È{Áô˲ ‹M>ΔÊ¢ ˇA¿–ö≈-Mʸ-ÃÍ-˛ñ-¥®ÎÀÆ, AÖôËM¯Á‹˛Ö-«Ñʸ{Á≥Á≥Á≥«-Ö^Ë‘Z-˛´ßÊ˛ßÛØ˲˛‘È-, À{Á≥±≤ƒÒ˝*-—ÁV>À$,‹¢ñô˲
›Î¶Δˇ$$ÃZ ô˲–ö˛$ –ö˛Öô˲$ MʸñÌŸ ^Û˛Á‹*¢ØÛ˛ EØÈ≤Δˇ$$. AÖô˲-«Ñʸ Á≥«-
‘Z-´ßÊ˛Ø˲ M>ΔÊˇ≈-Mʸ-ÃÍ-¥ÎÀMʸ$ Á‹Ö∫Ö´®Ö_ ——´ßÊ˛ ßÛ˛‘ÈÀ$
Á‹–ö˛$Ø˲”ƒÊ˝$ Á‹Áfl˝M>Δ>À$ AÖ®Ö^˲$Mʸ$Ör*ØÛ˛ EØÈ≤Δˇ$$.
–ö˛*Δäˇfi EÁ≥-«-ô˲ÀÖ MϸÖßÊ˛ EÁ≥#µ ±sÏ˝ Á‹ΔÊˇÁ‹$fi
CsÍ-Õ-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ ‘È{Á‹¢-–Û˛-ô˲¢À$ –ö˛*Δäˇfi EÁ≥-«-ô˲ÀÖ MϸÖßÊ˛
EÁ≥#µ ±sÏ˝ Á‹ΔÊˇÁ‹$fiØ˲$ MʸØ˲$-Vˆ-ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. –ö˛*Δäˇfi EÁ≥-«-ô˲-ÃÍ∞Mϸ
Á‹$–ö˛*ΔÊˇ$ 1.5 MϸÃZ-“$-rΔÊˇœ MϸÖßÊ˛ ΔÊˇ–ö˛*ΔÊˇ—$ 12.4 –˛$O‚Ê˝Â
–˛yÊ˛À$µ, –ö˛$*yÊ˛$ AyÊ˛$-Vʸ$À ÃZô˲$Ø˲≤ JMʸ øÊ˝*VʸΔÊˇ¬ Á‹ΔÊˇ-Á‹$fiØ˲$
2018 lÃÒ˝OÃZ Cr-ŒMϸ ^˛Ö®Ø˲ AÖô˲-«Ñʸ Á≥«-‘Z-´ßÊ˛-
Mʸ$À$ MʸØ˲$-Vˆ-ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. AßÛ˛
¥˘sÓ˝ Á≥»ÑʸÀ {Á≥ôÛ˛≈MʸÖ
Ø˛ÀÃZ
Ì≥Gã-‹K gÒ˝352.4034&15.3373
AØÛ˛ Mʸ”Δˇ$$-gÍΔäˇ MʸØ˲$-Vˆ-ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$, C® –ö˛$Ø˲ —‘Ë˝”ÖÃZ Aô˲≈Öô˲
{Á≥M>-‘Ë˝-–ö˛Ö-ô˲-–˛$OØ˲ –ö˛Á‹$¢–ö˛#. øÊ˝*—$ Ø˲$Ö_ 13 ºÕ-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛
M>ÖÜ Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-Δ>À ßÊ˛*ΔÊˇÖÃZ EÖ®. –ö˛$Ø˲ —‘Ë˝”Ö {Á≥Á‹$¢ô˲
–ö˛ƒÊ˝$-Á‹$ÃZ HyÊ˛$ ‘ÈôË˛Ö MʸÖsÙ˝ ô˲Mʸ$P-–ö˛V> EØ˲≤-Á≥#µyÊ˛$ EßÊ˛¬-
—Ö-_Ö-ßÊ˛∞ AÖ^˲ØÈ. V¸ÀMÓ¸fi ÃÍÖsÏ˝ßÛ˛ JMʸ Mʸ”Δˇ$$-gÍΔäˇ.
Á‹*ΔÊˇ$≈∞ MʸÖsÙ˝ –ö˛ÖßÊ˛ M¯rœ Δˇr$œ –ö˛ΔÊˇMʸ$ Ú≥ßÊ˛™-—V>
EÖsÍΔˇ$$.
Á≥#Δ>-ô˲Ø˲ BMϸfifØå˛ –ÈƒÊ˝$$-–ö˛#
–Û˛$ Ø˛ÀÃZ QV¯‚Ê˝ ‘È{Á‹¢-–Û˛-ô˲¢À$ 13 –ö˛ÖßÊ˛À M¯rœ H‚Ê˝œ
{MϸôË˛Ö ØÈsÏ˝ BMϸfi-fØå˛ –ÈƒÊ˝$$-–ö˛#∞ Vʸ$«¢Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. ºVä¸ ªÍ≈ÖVä¸ f«-
WØ˲ 25 M¯rœ Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-Δ>À ô˲ΔÊˇ-–Èô˲ –˛$$rt –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ Ø˲Ñʸ-{ôÈÀ$
B—ÁŸPñô˲–ö˛$ƒÊ˝*≈ƒÊ˝$Ø˲yë∞Mϸ ôÈΔ>P◊˝Ö D BMϸfi-fØå˛
–ÈƒÊ˝$$–ö˛# A∞ Á≥«-‘Z-´ßÊ˛-Mʸ$À$ A¿-{¥Î-ƒÊ˝$-Á≥-yÊ˛$-ô˲$-ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$, Á≥À$
M¯◊Í-ÃZœ ô˲ßÊ˛$Á≥« Á≥«-‘Z-´ßÊ˛-Ø˲À$ fΔÊˇ$-Á≥#-ô˲$-ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. Br-Mʸ–ö˛*
ÃÍΔäˇj —$Œœ-“$-rΔäˇ A{ΔÛˇ(AÃÍ√) CÖr-Δˇπ-Δ¯-“$-rΔäˇ Á‹‡-ƒÊ˝$Öô¯,
QV¯‚Ê˝ ‘È{Á‹¢-–Û˛-ô˲¢À$ V¸ÃÍ-MÓ¸fiÃZ ôˆÕ-›Î« Á≥ÖÌ≥◊Ó˝ AΔˇ$$Ø˲
BMϸfi-fØå˛ Á‹ÖMÛ¸-ôÈ-ÀØ˲$ Vʸ$«¢Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. —‘Ë˝”Ö -
–˛$$-ßÊ˛r
CØå˛Ú‹Oså˝ {Á≥ƒÒ˝*-WÖ-_Ø˲
ØÈ›Î
ÃÍÖyÊ˛Δäˇ –ö˛*ΔäCØåˇfi˛Ú‹EÁOs≥å˝ -«ÃÍÖyÊ ˛Δäˇ Ø˲–ö˛Ö-∫Δäˇ 26Ø˲
-ô˲-ÀÖÚ≥O –ÈÕÖ®. –ö˛*Δäˇfi
{VʸÁfl˝Ö –ÈôÈ-–ö˛-ΔÊˇ-◊˝ÖÃZ ÚflO˝Á≥-Δ䡛˘∞Mä¸
–Û˛VʸÖô¯ {Á≥–Û˛-’Ö_ Á≥«-Á≥NΔÊˇ~ ÃÍ≈ÖyÏ˛ÖVä¸Mʸ$ HyÊ˛$ ∞—$-⁄ÎÀ$
Á≥sÏ˝tÖ®. ÃÍ≈Öyä˛ AΔˇ$$-Ø˲ -–˛Ö-rØÛ˛ {VʸÁfl˝Ö EÁ≥-«-ô˲ÀÖ
∏˜sZÀ$ ØÈ›ÎMʸ$ Á≥ÖÌ≥Ö®. AMʸPyÏ˛ Δ>Ü ¥˜ΔÊˇÀ —‘Û˝œ-ÁŸ◊˝,
E⁄˘~-{Vʸ-ô˲-ÀØ˲$ MˆÀ-–ö˛yÊ˛Ö, {VʸÁfl˝Ö AÑÊ¸Ö —–ö˛-Δ>ÀØ˲$
AÖ®Á‹$¢Ö®. –ö˛*ΔäˇfiÚ≥O ‘È{Á‹¢-–Û˛-ô˲¢ÀMʸ$ A–ö˛-V>-Áfl˝Ø˲ HΔÊˇµyÛ˛Ö-
ßÊ˛$Mʸ$ CØå˛Ú‹Oså˝ ı‹Mʸ-«Ö-_Ø˲ Á‹–ö˛*-^ÈΔÊˇÖ EÁ≥-ƒÒ˝*-Vʸ-Á≥-yÊ˛$-
ô˲$Ö®. CØå˛Ú‹Oså˝ Á≥Öı≥ Á‹–ö˛*-^ÈΔÊˇÖ, ∏˜sZ-ÀØ˲$ B´ßë-ΔÊˇÖV>
^Û˛Á‹$-Mˆ∞ øÊ˝*—$Mϸ, –ö˛*ΔäˇfiMϸ –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈ HƒÙ˝$ —ÁŸ-ƒÊ˝*-ÃZœ
–ö˛≈ôÈ≈-›ÎÀ$ EØÈ≤Δˇ$$, –ö˛*Δäˇfi {VʸÁfl˝Ö GÖßÊ˛$Mʸ$ ∞–È-Á‹-ƒÒ˝*-
Vʸ≈ÖV> ÃÙ˝ßÊ˛$
–ö˛ÖsÏ˝ —ÁŸ-
ƒÊ˝*ÀÚ≥O Á≥«-
‘Z-´ßÊ˛Ø˲ ^Û˛ı‹Ö-
ßÊ˛$Mʸ$ QV¯‚Ê˝
‘È{Á‹¢–Û˛ô˲¢ÀMʸ$
Á‹‡-ƒÊ˝$-Á≥-yÊ˛-
–ö˛^˲$a.
. ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛ ∑ ‘Ë˝∞–ÈΔÊˇÖ 19 fØ˲–ö˛« 2019
GÃÍ HΔÊˇµ-yÏ˛Ö߯ AΔÊˇ¶Ö ^Û˛Á‹$-M¯-–ö˛-yë-∞Mϸ CÃÍÖsÏ˝ Á≥«-‘Z-´ßÊ˛-Ø˲À$
A–ö˛-Á‹ΔÊˇÖ. —‘Ë˝”Ö {Á≥Á‹$¢ô˲ –ö˛ƒÊ˝$-Á‹$ÃZ ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ ‘ÈôË˛Ö EØ˲≤-Á≥#µyÛ˛
–˛$$rt –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ ôÈΔÊˇ HΔÊˇµ-yÏ˛-Ö-ßÊ˛∞ ∫À–˛$OØ˲ ›ÎÑ>≈-´ßë-Δ>-ÀØ˲$
AÖ®›˘¢Ö®. Ø˲Ñʸ-{ôÈÀ –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ Á‹*Á≥-Δ¯≤–Èô¯ –ö˛$ΔˇØ¯≤ Ø˲Ñʸ-
{ôÈÀ ∞Δ>√-◊Í-∞Mϸ ßë«-°-Ì‹-Ø˲r$t Á‹–ö˛*^ÈΔÊˇÖ.
ƒÊ˝$$Gã‹ ı‹µã‹ ∏˘Δäˇfi
{Ü—´ßÊ˛ ßÊ˛‚ÍÀ$, Á‹«-Áfl˝ßÊ˛$™ øÊ˝{ßÊ˛ôÈ ßÊ˛‚ÍÀ$ –ö˛*®-«V>
A–˛$-«M> Á‹ÖƒÊ˝$$Mʸ¢ Δ>{⁄Ît-ÀMʸ$ AÖô˲-«Ñʸ ßÊ˛‚Í∞≤ HΔ>µr$
^Û˛ı‹Ö-ßÊ˛$Mʸ$ BVʸÁ‹$tÃZ {rÖã≥ ¥ÎÀØ˲ ƒÊ˝$Ö{ôÈÖVÊ¸Ö JMʸ {Á≥◊Í-
„MʸØ˲$ {Á≥–Û˛-‘Ë˝-Ú≥-sÏ˝tÖ®. C® A–ö˛$-
À$- Ã ZMÏ ¸
AÖô˲«ÑʸÖ
(Δ˙ÖyÊ˛ã≥ 2018)
–ö˛ı‹¢, A–˛$-«M> Á‹ÖƒÊ˝$$Mʸ¢ Δ>{⁄ÎtÀ BΔ¯ Ú‹O∞Mʸ øÊ˝{ßÊ˛ôÈ
ßÊ˛‚Ê˝ÖV> ^˲«-{ô˲-M¸-Mʸ$P-ô˲$Ö®. AÖô˲-«-ÑʸÖÃZ A–˛$-«M> B´®-Á≥-
ôÈ≈∞≤ ∞ÀªÒ˝rtyë∞Mϸ ô¯yÊ˛$, ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ AÖô˲«Ñʸ BÁ‹Mʸ$¢ÀØ˲$
Ø˛ΔÊˇ–Û˛ΔÊˇayÊ˛Ö ©∞ ÀÑʸ≈Ö. EÁ≥-{VʸÁfl˝ –ö˛≈Ü-ΔÛˇMʸ BƒÊ˝$$-´ßëÀ A¿-
–ö˛ñ®Æ, Ú‹O∞Mʸ Á‹–ö˛*-^ÈΔÊˇ ›ÎÖMÛ¸-ÜMʸ Á≥«-gÍqØ˲Ö& ›ÎÖMÛ¸-Ü-Mʸô˲
A¿-–ö˛ñ®Æ, –˛$ΔÊˇ$-V¸OØ˲ Δ>yëΔäˇ –ö˛≈–ö˛Á‹¶, iÔ≥-Gã‹ ›Î–ö˛$-Δ>¶≈À A¿-
–ö˛ñ-®Æ, CÁ≥µ-sÏ˝MÛ¸ EØ˲≤ AÖô˲-«Ñʸ M>ΔÊˇ≈-{Mʸ-–ö˛*-ÀØ˲$ Á≥#Ø˲-ΔÊˇ”≈-–ö˛-Ô‹¶-Mʸ-
«Ö-^˲yÊ˛Ö –ö˛ÖsÏ˝–ö˛±≤ D AÖô˲-«Ñʸ ßÊ˛‚Ê˝Ö Á≥«-´®-ÃZMϸ –ö˛-›Î¢Δˇ$$.
JMʸ Mˆô˲¢ Ú‹O∞Mʸ ‘ÈQØ˲$ A–˛$«M>ÃZ HΔ>µr$ ^Û˛ı‹ÖßÊ˛$Mʸ$
AMʸPyÏ˛ M>Ö{V¸ã‹ B–˛*ßÊ˛Ö A–ö˛-Á‹-ΔÊˇÖ. AÖßÊ˛$–ö˛Àœ ©∞
HΔ>µr$Mʸ$ –ö˛$Δ¯ Hyë® Á≥süt^˲$a. 2020 ∫y˛jsZœ D ‘ÈQ
HΔ>µ-r$Mʸ$ A–ö˛Á‹ΔÊˇ–˛$OØ˲ ∞´ßÊ˛$À M¯Á‹Ö A–˛$-«M> M>Ö{V¸ã‹Mʸ$
Á≥ÖÁ≥-yë-∞Mϸ {Á≥◊Í-„-MʸÀ$ Ì‹ßÊ˛¶-–ö˛$-–ö˛#-ô˲$-ØÈ≤Δˇ$$.
¥ÎΔÊˇPΔäˇ ›˘ÃÍΔäˇ {¥˘ªå˝
A–˛$«M> AÖô˲«Ñʸ Á≥«-‘Z-´ßÊ˛Ø˲ Á‹ÖÁ‹¶ ØțΠ"¥ÎΔÊˇPΔäˇ
›˘ÃÍΔäˇ {¥˘ªå˝'Ø˲$ BVʸÁ‹$tÃZ {Á≥ƒÒ˝*-WÖ-_Ö®. Á‹*ΔÊˇ$≈∞
AÖ^˲$ –ö˛ΔÊˇMʸ$ –˛„œ ›˚ΔÊˇ V>À$-ÀØ˲$ A´ßÊ˛≈-ƒÊ˝$ØË˛Ö ^Û˛ƒÊ˝$-yë-∞Mϸ
CÖyÏ˛-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ ı‹µã‹ »Ú‹Δäˇa BΔÊˇY-Ø˛O-gÙ˝-ÁŸØå˛ (C{›˘)
2018 Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fiΔÊˇÖ ¥˜yÊ˛-–ö˛#ØÈ –ö˛$Ø˲ AÖô˲-«Ñʸ Á≥«-‘Z-
´ßÊ˛Ø˲ Á‹ÖÁ‹¶(-C-{›˘)-ßë-ßëÁ≥# 17 AÖô˲-«Ñʸ Ø˙Mʸ-ÀØ˲$ —f-ƒÊ˝$-
–ö˛Ö-ô˲ÖV> {Á≥ƒÒ˝*-WÖ-_Ö®. CÁ≥µ-sÏ˝-–ö˛-ΔÊˇMʸ$ C{›˘ 269 —ßÛ˛÷
EÁ≥-{Vʸ-‡-ÀØ˲$ MʸÑʸ≈-ÃZMϸ {Á≥–Û˛-‘Ë˝-Ú≥-sÏ˝tÖ®.
fØ˲-–ö˛-«ÃZ Ì≥Gã-‹-G-Ãå˝-—&Ì‹40 Δ>M¸sZœ GΔäˇ¢ A∫j-ΔÛˇ”-ÁŸØå˛
‘ÈsÏ˝-ÃÒ˝Oså˝ «–˛*så˝ Ú‹∞fiÖVä¸ EÁ≥-{VʸÁfl˝Ö "M>Δ¯t-‘Èså˝&2',
–ö˛*«aÃZ hGã-‹-G-Ãå˝-—&-Gãú08 Δ>M¸sZœ Mʸ–ö˛$*≈-∞-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ EÁ≥-
{VʸÁfl˝Ö "h‘È-så˝&6G', H{Ì≥ÃZœ Ì≥Gã-‹-G-Ãå˝-—&Ì‹41 Δ>M¸sZœ
ØÈ—-VÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ EÁ≥-{VʸÁfl˝Ö "IB-Δäˇ-GÖ-Gã-‹-Gã-‹&1I', Ú‹Ú≥tÖ-∫-
ΔÊˇ$ÃZ Ì≥Gã-‹-G-Ãå˝-—&Ì‹42 Δ>M¸sZœ "د–ö˛-›ÎΔäˇ, Gã‹1&4' AØÛ˛
ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ GΔäˇ¢ A∫j-ΔÛˇ”-ÁŸØå˛ ‘ÈsÏ˝-ÃÒ˝Or$œ, Ø˲–ö˛Ö-∫-ΔÊˇ$ÃZ hGã-‹-G-Ãå˝-
—&-GÖMÛ¸ III-D2 ßë”Δ> Mʸ–ö˛$*≈-∞-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ EÁ≥-{VʸÁfl˝Ö
"h‘Èså˝&29' Á≥Ö¥ÎΔÊˇ$. _–ö˛-«® {V>“$◊˝ {¥ÎÖôÈ-ÃZœ∞
—ÃÙ˝gå˝ «›˘Δäˇfi MÛ¸Ö{ßë-ÀMʸ$ Mʸ–ö˛$*≈-∞-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ –˛$ΔÊˇ$-Vʸ$-Á≥-ΔÊˇ-^˲-yë-
∞Mϸ ߯Áfl˝-ßÊ˛-Á≥-yÊ˛$-ô˲$Ö®.
Ø˲–ö˛Ö-∫-ΔÊˇ$ÃZ Úfl˝^å˛-–˛O-Ì‹ã‹ GΔäˇ¢ A∫j-ΔÛˇ”-ÁŸØå˛ ‘ÈsÏ˝-ÃÒ˝O-
så˝ô¯ Ì≥Gã-‹-G-Ãå˝-—&Ì‹43 ∞ÖW-ÃZMϸ ßÊ˛*Á‹$-M¸-„œÖ®. yÏ˛Ú‹Ö-∫-
ΔÊˇ$ÃZ hGã-‹-G-Ãå˝-—&-Gã-ú11ô¯ Mʸ–ö˛$*≈-∞-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ EÁ≥-{VʸÁfl˝Ö
{Á≥Ü Hyë® AM¯t-∫ΔÊˇ$ 4 Ø˲$Ö_ 10 –ö˛ΔÊˇMʸ$ "–ö˛ΔÊˇÃå˝z
ı‹µã‹ “Mä¸'V> 1999ÃZ IMʸ≈-Δ>f≈ Á‹—$Ü °Δ>√-∞Ö-_Ö®.
–ö˛ΔÊˇÃå˝z ı‹µã‹ “Mä¸ AÖô˲-Δ>j-°ƒÊ˝$ M¯B-«z-ØÛ˛-rΔäˇV> Á≥∞-^Û˛-ƒÊ˝$-
yë-∞Mϸ IMʸ≈-Δ>f≈ Á‹—$-ÜMϸ ô¯yëµ-r$V> –ö˛ΔÊˇÃå˝z ı‹µã‹ “Mä¸
A›˘-Ì‹-ƒÙ˝$-ÁŸØå˛ –ö˛≈–ö˛-Áfl˝-«-›˘¢Ö®. –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝›Î« 2000ÃZ
IMʸ≈-Δ>f≈ Á‹—$Ü –ö˛ΔÊˇÃå˝z ı‹µã‹ “Mä¸Ø˲$ ∞ΔÊˇ”-Ìfl˝Ö-_Ö®.
–ö˛ΔÊˇÃå˝z ı‹µã‹ “Mä¸ AM¯t-∫ΔÊˇ$ GÖÌ≥MʸMʸ$ ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ M>ΔÊˇ-◊ÍÀ$
EØÈ≤Δˇ$$. –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ –ö˛*Ø˲-–ö˛&-∞-«√ô˲ GΔäˇ¢ ‘ÈsÏ˝-ÃÒ˝Oså˝ "Á‹$µÜ≤Mä¸
1' {Á≥ƒÒ˝*-WÖ-_Ø˲ ôÛ˛© 1957 AM¯t-∫ΔÊˇ$ 4. C® AÖô˲-«Ñʸ
AØÛ˛”-ÁŸ-◊˝Mʸ$ –ö˛*ΔÊˇYÖ ô˛«_Ö®. 1967 AM¯t-∫ΔÊˇ$ 10Ø˲
"LrΔäˇ ı‹µã‹ {sÓ˝sÓ˝' JÁ≥µÖßÊ˛Ö A–ö˛$-À$-ÃZMϸ –ö˛_aÖ®. D
–ö˛ΔÊˇÃå˝z ı‹µã‹ “Mä¸
ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ Áú$sÍtÀ ôÛ˛©ÀØ˲$ Á≥#ΔÊˇ-Á‹P-«Ö-^˲$-Mˆ∞ AM¯t-∫ΔÊˇ$ 4
Ø˲$Ö_ 10 –ö˛ΔÊˇMʸ$ "–ö˛ΔÊˇÃå˝z ı‹µã‹ “Mä¸'V> ∞ΔÊˇ~-Δˇ$$Ö^ÈΔÊˇ$.
ı‹µã‹ “Mä¸ Á‹–ö˛*-–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö GgÒ˝ÖyëØ˲$ {Á≥Ü Á‹–ö˛*-–Û˛-‘Ë˝ÖÃZ
IMʸ≈-Δ>f≈ Á‹—$Ü Á‹“$-ÑϸÁ‹$¢Ö®. D –ö˛ΔÊˇÃå˝z ı‹µã‹ “Mä¸
—ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶-ÀMʸ$ Á‹*µ«¢-∞-Á‹$¢Ö®, AÖô˲-«Ñʸ M>ΔÊˇ≈-Mʸ-ÃÍ-
¥ÎÀÚ≥O {Á≥f-ÀMʸ$ A–ö˛-V>-Áfl˝Ø˲ MʸյÖ_ –È«∞ —ßë≈-
–ö˛Ö-ô˲$-ÀØ˲$ ^Û˛Á‹$¢Ö®. ı‹µã‹ L{sÓ˝^å˛ M>ΔÊˇ≈-{Mʸ-–ö˛*À
ßë”Δ> AÖô˲-Δ>j-°ƒÊ˝$ Á‹Áfl˝-M>-Δ>∞≤ {¥˘ô˲fi-Ìfl˝-
Á‹$¢Ö®. AÖô˲-«Ñʸ M>ΔÊˇ≈-Mʸ-ÃÍ-¥ÎÀÚ≥O {Á≥f-ÀØ˲$
^˛Oô˲-Ø˲≈-–ö˛Ö-ô˲$ÀØ˲$ ^Û˛Á‹$¢Ö®.
©∞-∞ ΔÊˇ*¥˜Ö-®Ö-^È-ΔÊˇ$. V¯œ∫Ãå˝ ¥˜h-ÁŸ-
∞ÖVä¸ Ì‹Á‹tÖ, ΔÛˇyÏ˛ƒÒ˝* {ÔúM¸”±fi Á‹–ö˛*-
^È-Δ>-ÀMʸ$ ›˚ΔÊˇ V>À$À$ ô˲ΔÊˇ-^˲$V>
AÖô˲-Δ>ƒÊ˝$Ö MʸÕ-WÁ‹$¢Ö-sÍΔˇ$$.
øÊ˝*—$Mϸ ßÊ˛VʸY-ΔÊˇ-ÃZ EØ˲≤ –¯≈–ö˛$-Ø˙Mʸ Ø˲$Ö_ ›˚ΔÊˇ V>À$ÀÚ≥O
Á‹–ö˛*^ÈΔ>∞≤ ‘ÈÁ‹à–Û˛ô˲¢À$ ı‹Mʸ-«Ö-^ÈΔÊˇ$. AΔˇ$$ôÛ˛ D ›˚ΔÊˇ
V>À$À$ GÃÍ EßÊ˛¬-—Ö-^ÈΔˇ$$, Ú≥OV> JMʸ VʸÖrMʸ$ 1.8 —$Õ-
ƒÊ˝$Ø˲œ –˛$O‚Ê˝ìœ –Û˛VÊ¸Ö GÃÍ AÖßÊ˛$-M¯-Vʸ-À$Vʸ$ô˲$-ØÈ≤Δˇ$$ –ö˛ÖsÏ˝
—ÁŸ-ƒÊ˝*-ÀØ˲$ A´ßÊ˛≈-ƒÊ˝$ØË˛Ö ^Û˛ƒÊ˝$-yë-∞Mϸ A–ö˛Á‹ΔÊˇ–˛$OØ˲ –ö˛$$Q≈-
–˛$OØ˲ —ÁŸ-ƒÊ˝*ÀØ˲$ D ¥ÎΔÊˇPΔäˇ ›˘ÃÍΔäˇ {¥˘ªå˝ AÖ®-Á‹$¢Ö®.
¥ÎΔÊˇPΔäˇ ›˘ÃÍΔäˇ {¥˘ªå˝ ØÛ˛ΔÊˇ$V> Á‹*ΔÊˇ$≈∞ AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖô˲
ÑÛ¸{ôÈ-ÀØ˲$ MˆÕ_, AMʸPyÏ˛ Mʸ◊ÍÀ Ø˲–ö˛$*ØÈ °Á‹$-MˆÖ-r$Ö®,
AMʸPyÊ˛ E⁄˘~-{Vʸ-ô˲Ø˲$ GÁ≥µ-sÏ˝-Mʸ-Á≥#µyÊ˛$ Ø˲–˛*ßÊ˛$ ^Û˛Ì‹ Á≥ÖÌ≥-
Á‹$¢Ö®. Á‹*ΔÊˇ$≈∞ EÁ≥-«-ô˲À E⁄˘~-{Vʸô˲ MÛ¸–ö˛ÀÖ 6,000 yÏ˛{XÀ
Ú‹Õfi-ƒÊ˝$ã‹ EÖyÊ˛V> Á≥® ÀÑʸÀ yÏ˛{XÀ E⁄˘~-{Vʸ-ô˲ Á‹*ΔÊˇ$≈yÏ˛
Ø˲$Ö_ GÃÍ Eô˲µÜ¢ A–ö˛#-ô¯Ö-ßÊ˛Ø˲≤ –ö˛$*ÃÍ-´ßëΔÊˇ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤-ÀMʸ$
Á‹–ö˛*-´ßëØË˛Ö Mʸ*yë ¥ÎΔÊˇPΔäˇ ßë”Δ> Δ>∫-sÍt-À∞ ØțΠ‘È{Á‹¢-
–Û˛-ô˲¢À$ øÍ—-Á‹$¢-ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$.
{sÍ∞j-sÏ˝ÖVä¸ GM¯fi-¥Îœ-Ø˛så˝ Á‹ΔÛˇ” ‘ÈsÏ˝-ÃÒ˝Oså˝
{sÍ∞j-sÏ˝ÖVä¸ GM¯fi-¥Îœ-Ø˛så˝ Á‹ΔÛˇ” ‘ÈsÏ˝-ÃÒ˝Oså˝∞ H{Ì≥Ãå˝ÃZ
ØțΠ{Á≥ƒÒ˝*WÖ-_Ö®. ¥ÎÀ-Á≥#Ö-ô˲ Á‹“$-Á≥Ö-ÃZ EØ˲≤ {Á≥M>-‘Ë˝-
–ö˛Ö-ô˲-–˛$OØ˲ Ø˲Ñʸ-{ôÈÀØ˲$ C® Á≥«-‘Z-´®Á‹$¢Ö®. A— {Vʸ‡À
^˲$r*t MʸÑʸ≈À$ MʸyÊ˛$-ô˲$-ØÈ≤ƒÊ˝* AØÛ˛® {sÍ∞j-sÏ˝ÖVä¸ GM¯fi-¥Îœ-
Ø˛så˝ Á‹ΔÛˇ” ‘ÈsÏ˝-ÃÒ˝Oså˝ AØÛ˛”-ÌŸ-›˘¢Ö®. AΔˇ$$ôÛ˛ M¸Á≥œΔäˇ sÒ˝Õ-›˘Pã≥
AØÛ˛”-ÌŸÖ-_Ø˲ ßë∞ MʸØÈ≤ ©∞ Á≥«´® 400 Δˇr$œ GMʸ$P–ö˛. D
Á‹ΔÛˇ” ‘ÈsÏ˝-ÃÒ˝Oså˝ ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-Δ>À –ö˛≈–ö˛-´®ÃZ Á‹$–ö˛*-ΔÊˇ$V>
IßÊ˛$ ÀÑʸÀ Ø˲Ñʸ-{ôÈÀ$
A´ßÊ˛≈-ƒÊ˝$ØË˛Ö ^Û˛Á‹$¢Ö®.
"h‘È-så˝&7-G'Ø˲$ {Á≥ƒÒ˝*-
WÖ-_Ö®.
yÏ˛Ú‹Ö-∫-ΔÊˇ$ÃZ
"h‘Èså˝&11' AØÛ˛
∫Áfl˝ì‚Ê˝ ¡–í˛$ Mʸ–ö˛$*≈-
∞-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ EÁ≥-{Vʸ-Á‡∞≤
{ÚúÖ^å˛ VʸƒÊ˝*ØÈ
Ø˲$Ö_ {Á≥ƒÒ˝*-WÖ-
^ÈΔÊˇ$.
2018ÃZ ^˲Ö{ßÊ˛-
ƒÊ˝*Øå˛&2 {Á≥ƒÒ˝*-V>∞≤ fΔÊˇ$-Á≥-ÃÙ˝ßÊ˛$. 2019ÃZ —f-ƒÊ˝$-–ö˛Ö-
ô˲ÖV> {Á≥ƒÒ˝*-WÖ-^Û˛Ö-ßÊ˛$Mʸ$ C{›˘ ΔÊˇÖVÊ¸Ö Ì‹ßÊ˛ÆÖ ^Û˛›˘¢Ö®.
fØ˲-–ö˛-«ÃZ {Á≥RÍ≈ô˲ ‘È{Á‹¢-–Û˛ô˲¢ yëMʸtΔäˇ M¸. ’–ö˛Øå˛ CÖyÏ˛-
ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ ı‹µã‹ »Ú‹Δäˇa BΔÊˇY-Ø˛O-gÙ˝-ÁŸ-Øå˛(-C{›˘) ^˛OΔÊˇ√-Øå˛V> ∞ƒÊ˝$-—$-
ô˲$-À-ƒÊ˝*≈ΔÊˇ$. Δ>M¸-så˝-–ö˛$-Øå˛V> ’–ö˛-Øå˛Mʸ$ ı≥ΔÊˇ$. ¥˘ÃÍΔäˇ ‘ÈsÏ˝-
ÃÒ˝Oså˝ ÃÍÖ^å˛ –˛Ìfl˝-MʸÃå˝, hƒÒ˝*-Ì‹-{دP-ØË˛ã‹ ‘ÈsÏ˝-ÃÒ˝Oså˝ ÃÍÖ^å˛
–˛Ìfl˝-MʸÃå˝, hGã-‹-G-Ãå˝—&-GÖ-MÛ¸III –ÈÁfl˝Ø˲ ΔÊˇ*Á≥-MʸΔÊˇ¢
DƒÊ˝$Ø˲.
Á‹tyÓ˛ 17
øÊ˝*—$ÃÍÖsÏ˝ {Vʸ‡À$ CÖM¸∞≤
EØÈ≤Δˇ$$, –ÈsÏ˝ Á≥«-–ö˛*◊˝Ö, ∞–È-
Á‹-ƒÒ˝*Vʸ≈Ö, G∞≤ M>ÖÜ Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-
Δ>À ßÊ˛*ΔÊˇÖÃZ EØÈ≤Δˇ$$ –ö˛ÖsÏ˝
—–ö˛-Δ>À B^˲*MÓ¸∞ D —$ÁŸØå˛
ßë”Δ> ØțΠMʸØ˲$-VˆÖ-r$Ö®.
M¸Ú≥œΔäˇ sÒ˝Õ-›˘Pã≥
Á‹$±Ãå˝ ´ßÊ˛–ö˛‚Ê˝
2009 Ø˲$Ö_ AÖô˲-«-ÑʸÖÃZ Ì‹CJ, ßÊ˛ £Ê˛Δäˇz
Gد≤ Á≥«-‘Z-´ßÊ˛-Ø˲À$ f«Ì≥ Ø˲Ñʸ-{ôÈ- AÖÚ≥OΔäˇ “$yÏ˛ƒÊ˝*,
À B^˲*MÓ¸ MʸØ˲$-Vˆ∞ –ÈsÏ˝ —–ö˛- ∏ÎΔÊˇ√Δäˇ –˛Oã‹
Δ>À$, ∏˜sZÀ$ Á≥ÖÌ≥Ø˲ M¸Ú≥œΔäˇ {Ú≥Ì‹y˛Öså˝ ØÛ˛ÁŸØ˲Ãå˝
AÖô˲-«Ñʸ sÒ˝Õ-›˘Pã≥Ø˲$ AM¯t- hƒÒ˝*{V>ÌúMä¸ bÈØ˲Ãå˝
∫ΔÊˇ$ÃZ ØțΠ—ΔÊˇ-—$Ö^˲$Mʸ$Ö®.
AΔˇ$$ôÛ˛ M¸Ú≥œΔäˇ AÖô˲-«Ñʸ sÒ˝Õ-
›˘Pã≥ MÛ¸–ö˛ÀÖ ØÈÀ$Vʸ$ Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-Δ>À$ AÖô˲-«-ÑʸÖ-ÃZ -EÖ-yÛ˛-ÃÍ
∞«√Ö^ÈΔÊˇ$. AΔˇ$$ôÛ˛, ôˆ—$√ßÛ˛‚Ê˝ì ∞«”-Δ>-–ö˛$ÖV> ›˚ΔÊˇ –ö˛≈–ö˛Á‹¶
–˛À$-Á≥À {Vʸ‡À, ¥ÎÀ-Á≥#Öô˲ÃZ∞ –Û˛ÃÍ® Ø˲Ñʸ-{ôÈÀ$ Á‹–ö˛*-^È-
Δ>∞≤ ı‹Mʸ-«Ö-_Ö®.
yëØå˛ ı‹µã‹ {M>ãút
2007 Ú‹Ú≥tÖ-∫ΔÊˇ$ÃZ y˛ÃÍt -II Δ>M¸så˝ ßë”Δ> {Á≥ƒÒ˝*-
WÖ_Ø˲ "yëØå˛ –¯≈–ö˛$Ø˙Mʸ' 11 Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-Δ>À ¥Îr$ AÖô˲-«Ñʸ
MʸÑʸ≈ÃZ MʸÕ-ƒÊ˝$ Ü«WÖ®. CÖ´ßÊ˛ØË˛Ö ∞ÖyÊ˛$-M¯-–ö˛yÊ˛Öô¯ Á‹¢∫$™V>
EÖyÏ˛-¥˘Δˇ$$Ö®. ßëÖô¯ Ø˲–ö˛Ö-∫Δäˇ 1Ø˲ ØțΠB Ø˙MʸØ˲$ E∞-
MϸÃZ Ø˲$Ö_ ôˆÀWÖ_Ö®. D –¯≈–ö˛$-Ø˙Mʸ ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ {Vʸ‡Ö-ô˲ΔÊˇ
{Á≥ßÛ˛-‘ÈÀ MʸÑʸ≈ÃZ Ü«WÖ®. ôˆÕV> –˛›Ît EÀP ô˲ΔÊˇ–Èô˲ –ö˛$ΔÊˇ-
Vʸ$kj {VʸÁfl˝Ö Ú‹«ã‹ MʸØ˲$-Vˆ-Ö®. –˛›Ît, Ú‹«ã‹ ΔˇÖyÊ˛* ∫ñÁfl˝-
Á‹µÜ, AÖV>-ΔÊˇMʸ –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈ E∞-Mϸ∞ MʸÕ-W-Ø˲-Á≥µ-sÏ˝MÓ¸ D ΔˇÖsÏ˝
{Á≥Á≥Ö^Ë˛Ö –Û˛ΔÊˇ∞ yëØå˛ –¯≈–ö˛$Ø˙Mʸ AÖ®Ö-_Ø˲ Á‹–ö˛*-^ÈΔÊˇÖô¯
–˛Àœ-yÊ˛-Δˇ$$≈Ö®.
ı‹µã‹ GMä¸fi & » ƒÊ˝$*f-∫$Ãå˝ Δ>M¸så˝
A–˛$-«M>Mʸ$ ^˛Ö®Ø˲ "ı‹µã‹ GMä¸fi' Á‹ÖÁ‹¶ Á≥#Ø˲-«”-∞-ƒÒ˝*VʸÖ
^Û˛ƒÊ˝$-VʸÀ Δ>M¸r$œ ΔÊˇ*¥˜Ö-®Ö-^˲yÊ˛Ö –˛$$ßÊ˛-À$Ú≥sÏ˝t AÖô˲-«Ñʸ
Á≥«-‘Z-´ßÊ˛-Ø˲ÃZ ^˲«{ô˲ Á‹ñÌŸtÖ-_Ö®. 2018ÃZ 20 Δ>M¸r$œ {Á≥ƒÒ˝*-
WÖ-_ 64 EÁ≥-{Vʸ-‡-ÀØ˲$ MʸÑʸ≈-ÃZMϸ Á≥ÖÌ≥Ö®. A–˛$-«M>
Á‹ÖƒÊ˝$$Mʸ¢ Δ>{⁄ÎtÀ ^˲«-{ô˲ÃZ C߈Mʸ –˛$OÀ$-Δ>Δˇ$$. 2017 Ìú{∫-
–ö˛-«ÃZ 104 EÁ≥-{Vʸ-‡-ÀØ˲$ AÖô˲-«-ÑʸÖÃZMϸ Á≥ÖÌ≥ C{›˘
{Á≥Á≥Ö^˲ «M>ΔÊˇ$zØ˲$ ›˜ÖôË˛Ö ^Û˛Á‹$-MˆÖ®. ∏ÎÀPØå˛&9 AØÛ˛ Á≥#Ø˲-
«”-∞-ƒÒ˝*Vʸ Δ>M¸så˝ –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ —yÊ˛ô˲ ∫*Á‹tΔäˇ ßë”Δ> M¸Ø˛≤yÓ˛ ı‹µã‹
Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ, –ÈÖy˛-Øå˛∫ΔäˇY GΔˇ$$Δäˇ ∏˘Δäˇfi ªÙ˝ã‹, MÛ¸ã≥ M¸ØÈ-–ö˛-ΔÊˇÃå˝
GΔˇ$$Δäˇ ∏˘Δäˇfi ÃÍÖ^å˛ı‹tÁŸØå˛ÀÃZ –ö˛$*yÊ˛$ –Û˛ΔÛˇ”ΔÊˇ$ Ø˙Mʸ-ÀØ˲$
{Á≥ƒÒ˝*-WÖ_ {Á≥Á≥Ö-^È∞≤ B‘Ë˝a-ΔÊˇ≈-^˲-Mϸ-ô˲$-ÀØ˲$ ^Û˛Ì‹Ö®. ı‹µã‹
GMä¸fi¥˜œ-ΔÛˇ-ÁŸØå˛ sÒ˝M>≤-À-iã‹ M>Δˆµ-ΔÛˇ-ÁŸØå˛ A–˛$-«-M>ÃZ M>Õ-∏˘-
«≤ƒÊ˝*Mʸ$ ^˛Ö®Ø˲ JMʸ {Ú≥O–Û˛så˝ A–˛$-«-MʸØå˛ AÖô˲-«Ñʸ ô˲ƒÊ˝*»,
AÖô˲-«Ñʸ ΔÊˇ–È◊Í Á‹ÖÁ‹¶. AÖô˲-«Ñʸ ΔÊˇ–È◊Í –ö˛≈ƒÊ˝*-ÀØ˲$ ô˲WYÖ-
^˲yÊ˛Ö, AÖV>-ΔÊˇMʸ {VʸÁfl˝Ö –ö˛*Ø˲–ö˛ ∞–È-Á‹-ƒÒ˝*V>≈∞Mϸ “À$
MʸյÖ-^˲yÊ˛–Û˛$ ´ßÛ˛≈ƒÊ˝$ÖV> 2002ÃZ GÃÒ˝Øå˛ –ö˛*ã‹P ©∞∞ ›Î¶Ì≥Ö-
^ÈyÊ˛$. ∏ÎÀPØå˛ Δ>M¸så˝, {yëVʸØå˛ Δ>M¸så˝ ı≥«r {Á≥ƒÒ˝*-Vʸ
–ÈÁfl˝Mʸ Δ>M¸-rœØ˲$ A¿-–ö˛ñ®Æ ^Û˛Ì‹Ö®.
Áfl˝ƒÊ˝*-
∫*›Î&2 —$ÁŸØå˛Ø˲$
f¥ÎØå˛ AÖô˲-«Ñʸ Á≥«-‘Z-´ßÊ˛Ø˲ Á‹ÖÁ‹¶
f¥ÎØå˛ ı‹µã‹ GMä¸fi¥˜œ-ΔÛˇ-ÁŸØå˛ HgÒ˝±fi ∞ΔÊˇ”-
Áfl˝ƒÊ˝*
Ìfl˝›˘¢Ö®. EÀPÀ —–ö˛-Δ>À$ Ø˲–ö˛$*ØÈ ∫*›Î&2
ı‹Mʸ-«Ö_ Á‹ÖMÛ¸ôÈÀØ˲$ øÊ˝*—$ “$®Mϸ
Ü«W Á≥Öı≥ —$ÁŸØå˛ M¯Á‹Ö {Á≥ƒÒ˝*-WÖ-
^ÈΔÊˇ$. ƒÊ˝$$Gã‹ Œ∞-ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ {¥ÎgÒ˝Mä¸tÃZ øÍVʸÖV> 1999ÃZ MʸØ˲$-
VˆØ˲≤ EÀP "gÒ˝ƒÊ˝$$&3'Mϸ ΔÊˇ*≈Vʸ$ A∞ ı≥ΔÊˇ$ Ú≥sÍtΔÊˇ$. Ì‹&sÒ˝Oã≥
BÁ‹t-Δ>-Δˇ$$yä˛ ΔÊˇ*≈Vʸ$ EÀP —–ö˛-Δ>À$, ∏˜sZÀ$ ı‹Mʸ-«Ö_
—‘Û˝œ-ÁŸ◊˝, Á≥«-‘Z-´ßÊ˛Ø˲ M¯Á‹Ö ›˚ΔÊˇ Mʸ$r$Ö∫Ö, ›˚ΔÊˇ –ö˛≈–ö˛Á‹¶
–ö˛$*ÀÖ, Á≥«-◊Í–ö˛$Ö Vʸ$«Ö_ –ö˛$«Öô˲V> ô˛À$-Á‹$-M¯-–ö˛-yë-∞Mϸ
"Áfl˝ƒÊ˝*-∫*›Î&2'Ø˲$ {Á≥ƒÒ˝*-WÖ-^ÈΔÊˇ$. D AÖô˲-«Ñʸ Ø˙MʸÃZ
f¥ÎØå˛Mϸ ^˛Ö®Ø˲ —$Ø˲Δ>”11-1G, —$Ø˲Δ>”11-1º AØÛ˛ ∫$Õœ
Δ¯–ö˛ΔÊˇ$œ D —$ÁŸØå˛ÃZ øÍVʸÖ. ΔÊˇ*≈Vʸ$ EÀP EÁŸ~-–ö˛*-Á≥-M>-
ÀØ˲$ A´ßÊ˛≈-ƒÊ˝$ØË˛Ö ^Û˛ƒÊ˝$-yë-∞Mϸ Ú‹Ú≥tÖ-∫ΔÊˇ$ 21Ø˲ D Δ¯–ö˛ΔÊˇ$œ
EÀP EÁ≥-«-ô˲-ÀÖ-Ú≥OMϸ ^Û˛ΔÊˇ$-Mˆ-ØÈ≤Δˇ$$. AΔˇ$$ôÛ˛ –˛$$ªÒ˝OÃå˝
A{›Ît-Δˇ$$yä˛ Á‹ΔÛˇπã‹ ›˚Pså˝(-–ö˛*-›ÎPså˝) Á‹$–ö˛*ΔÊˇ$ 16
VʸÖrÀ$ –ö˛*{ô˲–Û˛$ E∞-MϸÃZ EÖyÛ˛-—-´ßÊ˛ÖV> –ÈsÏ˝∞
ΔÊˇ*¥˜Ö-®Ö-_Ö®. B Á‹–ö˛$-ƒÊ˝$ÖÃZ EÀPÃZ AƒÊ˝$-›ÎPÖô˲
ÑÛ¸{ôË˛Ö ÃÙ˝ßÊ˛∞, {VʸÁfl˝- ‘Ë˝-MʸÀÖ ÃZÁ≥-ÕMϸ AÖô˲Δäˇ ßÊ˛ñÌŸt∞ ‘È{Á‹¢-
–Û˛-ô˲¢-ÀMʸ$ Δ¯–ö˛ΔÊˇ$œ AÖ®Ö^ÈΔˇ$$. {VʸÁfl˝ -‘Ë˝-MʸÀÖ Ø˲–ö˛$*-ØÈÀØ˲$
Á≥r$t-Mʸ$∞, 2020 ØÈsÏ˝Mϸ ‡ƒÊ˝$-∫*›Î&2 øÊ˝*—$Mϸ Ü«W
^Û˛ΔÊˇ$-MˆÖ-r$Ö®.
12 X¯ìyês¡+ 19.1.2019
ôV’≤<äsêu≤<é

1) Pick out the incorrect expressions qøÏπsø£+{Ï Áoqj·T´

rega rding the last reaction of EMP d”ìj·TsY bòÕ´ø£©º,
pathway and first reaction of b˛{° |üØø£å\ ì|ü⁄DT\T
Alcoholic fermentation ôV’≤<äsêu≤<é bò˛Hé : 9440378146
I) Both reaction Occur in Cytosol
II) Both reactions are catalysed by III) Influenza virus
same enzyme D) Enveloped virus
III) End products of both reactions IV) Bacteriophage
contain three carbon atoms The correct match is
IV) ATP is synthesized in the last A B C D
reaction of EMP pathway where as 1) II I IV III
CO2 is realeased in the first reaction 2) III II I IV
of alcoholic fermentation 3) IV II I III
1) I, IV 2) II, III 4) I II III IV
3) Except –II 4) II, III, IV 16) Choose the correct statements from
2) If a double stranded DNA molecule the following.
having 300 hydrogen bonds along A) The expressed nucleotide seque
used in the control of bacterial for one pyruvic acid in aerobic res- nces of eukaryotic genes are called
with equal number of nitrogen pathogens piration is
bases, Find out the correct combi- introns
2) Both the coenzymes NAD and 1) 30 2) 28 3) 15 4) 14 B) Lactose permease is synthesized
nation of data from the following NADP contain the vitamin nicotine 11) In the Mendelian dihybrid cross the
lists by Y gene of lac operon
3) Zinc is a co-factor for the prote- ratio between double heterozygous C) Stability as one of the propreties of
List –I List-II olytic enzyme carboxypeptidase individuals and individuals domi-
A) Length of DNA (A 0 ) I) 60 genetic material was first clearly evi-
4) Glucose -6 – phosphotransferase nant for both the traits in F2 gener- dent in the experiments of Grif fith
B) Number of coils in the DNA has the enzyme code( E.C) 2.7.1.2 ation will be
II) 408 D) Ribonucleoside triphosphates
6) Identify the correct combination 1) 13:3 2) 4: 9 provide energy for polymerization
C) Number of nucleotides III) 240 1) Indole compounds--IAA--Removal 3) 3: 4 2) 14 : 2
IV) 12 during DNA replication
of apical dominance 12) Identify the correct statements 1) A & B only 2) B & C only
D) Number of guanines V) 20 2) Tomato---seeds contain some A) EcoRI recognizes ‘5GAATTC_3’
The correct match is 3) B, C & D only 4) A, B, C& D
chemicals --stratification and cuts the DNA between G and A 17) Arrange the following respiratiory
A B C D 3) Cousins--A gaseous PGR--- B) ECoRI was isolated from E.coli
1) III II IV I intermediates in ascending order
Respiratory climactic strain RY13 with reference to the yield of ATP
2) II IV III I 4) Cabbage--Annual--Mono carpic plant C) ECoRI induces staggered cleavage
3) III II I IV when completely oxidized in aero-
7) Choose the correct statements from D) The restriction sites for PVuI and bic respiration

one pyruvic acid in aerobic respiration is...

the following. PStI are located on tet R gene A) One molecule of fructose 1, 6
4) III V II I A) Porins are large pores present in the 1) A & B only 2) C & D only
3) Arrange the following in ascending bisphosphate
inner membrane of semi autonomous 3) A, B & C only 4) A, B, C, D B) One molecule of pyruvic acid
order based on the results obtained cell organelles 13) Match the following
in the F2 progeny of a Mendelian C) one molecule of G-3-P
B) Osmosis is diffusion of ions List –I D) One molecule of acetyl CoA
dihybrid cross across a differentially permeable or A) round up ready soyabean
I) Total genotypes among round, yellow 1) A, C, B, D 2) D, B, C, A
semi permeable membrane B) Transgenic golden rice 3) b, C, D, A 4) C, D, A, B
seeds C) Symplast is system of intercon- C) Flavr savr tamato
II) Total phenotypes among round, 18) Correct the statement of the follow-
nected protoplasts through cytoplas- D) Transgenic potato ing is
green seeds mic strands that extend through plas- List-II
III) Total genotypes among wrin- 1) The enzyme nitrogense is an Fe
modesmata I) Resistant to phytophthora Mn protein
kled, yellow seeds D) Transpiration is a physiological II)Herbicide tolerant
IV) Total kinds of genotypes 2) Aspartic acid is an amide formed
process III)Prevents blindness from Asparagine
1) III, II, I, IV 2) II, III, IV, I 1) A, B only 2) C, D only IV) Bruise resistant
3) II, IV, III, I 4) II, III, I, IV 3) The nodules of soyabean transport
3) B,C, D only 4) A, B, C, D V)Resistant to abiotic stresses fixed nitrogen as ureides through
Neet Exams 8) Match the following
List –I List-II
The correct match is
A B C D
phloem sieve tubes
4) Ammonia reacts with α-
Special A) Urease
B) Carboxylases
I) Mn
II)Fe
1) II
2) II
III
III
IV
IV
V
I
Ketoglutaric acid and form glutamic
BIOLOGY C) Catalase III) Cu 3) III IV V I
acid through reductive amination
19) Arrange the following evants that
D) IAA oxidase IV) Zn 4) IV I II III are occur during closure of stomata
4) Assertion(A): C4 plants are twice as V) Ni 14) Study the following table & choose
efficient as C3 plants in terms of in a correct sequence
The correct match is the correct combinations Crop A) Water potential of guard cells
fixing carbon A B C D Variety Resistant to
Reason(R): in C4 plants PEP case enzyme increases
1) III IV II I A) Wheat Himgiri Hill bunt B) K+ Cl- ions moves out of the guard
is present in mesophyll cells and 2) V IV II I B) Flat bean Pusa sawani Jassids
RuBisCO enzymes is present in bun- cells
3) II III IV V C) Cauliflower Pusa shubhra Black rot C) Closure of stomata
dle sheath cells 4) I IV III II D) Okra Pusa sadahar Shoot &amp;
1) Both A and R are correct and R is D) Water starts moving out of guard cells
9) When 24CO2 molecules are utilised fruit borer 1) A, B, C, D 2) B, A, D, C
the correct explanation of A. in C3 cycle , number of triose phos- 1) A & B only 2) C & D only
2) Both A and R are correct .R is not 3) D, C, A, B 4) C, D, A, B
phates exported out from the 3) A & C only 4) A, B, C & D
the correct explanation of A. Answers
chloroplast into the cytosol for the 15) Match the following
3) A is true but R is false synthesis of hexose will be List –I List-II 1)2 2)2 3)4 4)2 5)2
4) A is false but R is true. 1) 4 2) 8 3) 12 4) 24 A) Helical virus I) Polio virus 6)3 7)2 8)2 9)2 10)4
5) Identify the in correct statement 10) Number of ATP molecules obtained B) Polyhedral virus II) Rabies virus 11)2 12)3 13)2 14)3 15)1
1) Competitive inhibitors are often through oxidative phosphorlation C) Complex virus 16)2 17)2 18)4 19)2
 ôV’≤<äsêu≤<é
X¯ìyês¡+ 19.1.2019 13

|ü+#·eT]Ω nH˚ y˚dü$ $&ç~ πø+Á<ä+ @ |üs¡«‘ê˝À¢ ñ+~?

1. øÏ+~ yê{Ï˝À dü]ø±ì~ ‘Ó\|ü+&ç 4) ‘·÷s¡TŒ rs¡+ >∑T+&Ü yÓfi‚fl C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 10 4. |ü•ÃeT+ mdt. sêCŸ|æbÕ¢ ø=+&É\T õ.ñù|+<äsY
m) nqï|üPs¡í•Ks¡+ - n‘·T´qï‘· Væ≤e÷\j·÷\T m) 1, 2 _) 2, 3 dæ) 1, 4 &ç) 2, 4 m) 1-≈£L´, 2-|æ, 3-ÄsY, 4-mdt
_) eTVü‰uÛ≤s¡‘· ÁX‚DÏ- ìeTï Væ≤e÷\j·÷\T 12. &Ûç©¢ eTT+ãsTTì ø£*ù| C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] @~? _) 1-|æ, 2-≈£L´, 3-ÄsY, 4-mdt ôV’≤<äsêu≤<é
dæ) <äT<ë« ø=+&É\T - u≤Vü≤´ Væ≤e÷\j·÷\T m) C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 6 dæ) 1-ÄsY, 2-≈£L´, 3-|æ, 4-mdt bò˛Hé HÓ+ : 9676669049
&ç) <ÛÍ˝Ÿ<ÛësY ÁX‚DÏ - Á{≤Hé‡ Væ≤e÷\j·÷\T _) C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 7 &ç) 1-mdt, 2-ÄsY, 3-≈£L´, 4-|æ
2. @ s¡ø£yÓTÆq es¡¸bÕ‘êìï ãTT‘·T|üeq Äs¡+uÛÑ »\T¢\ dæ) C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 8 21. dæj·÷∫Hé Væ≤eT˙q<ä+ @ ˝Àj·T˝À @s¡Œ&ç+~? 3. C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 7
ì n+{≤s¡T? &ç) C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 9 m) #·T+_˝Àj·T _) qTÁu≤˝Àj·T 4. C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 8
m) |üs¡«rj·T es¡¸bÕ‘·+ _) dü+eVü≤q es¡¸bÕ‘·+ dæ) ≈£î\T˝Àj·T &ç) ø±+Á>±˝Àj·T m) 1, 2 _) 4, 2 dæ) 1, 3 &ç) 3, 2
dæ) #·Áø£yê‘· es¡¸bÕ‘·+ &ç) m, dæ 22. dü÷s¡T´ì˝À n~Ûø£XÊ‘·+ ñqï »&Éyêj·TTe⁄? 36. ø£èwüí _˝≤\ô|’ |ü]XÀ<Ûäq\T #˚dæq Á|üeTTK XÊgy˚‘·Ô?
3. qø£åÁ‘ê\ »qàkÕúq+ @~? môd’‡, ø±ìùdºãT˝Ÿ Á|ü‘˚´ø£+ m) ÁøÏbÕºHé _) ìj·÷Hé m) $*j·T+ CÀHé‡ _) d”ºô|òHé Vü‰øÏ+>¥‡
m) u≤¢ø˘ Vü≤√˝Ÿ _) H√yê dæ) V”≤*j·T+ &ç) ÄsêZHé dæ) $*j·T+ ôV≤s¡¸˝Ÿ &ç) Væ≤bÕs¡ÿsY
dæ) dü÷|üsYH√yê &ç) HÓãT´˝≤ C≤Á>∑|ò” 23. dü÷s¡T´ì˝À n‘·´~Ûø£+>± ñqïyêj·TTe⁄? 37. ìVü‰]ø£\qT yÓTT<ä{ÏkÕ] >∑T]Ô+∫q XÊgy˚‘·Ô?
4. dü÷s¡T´ìøÏ, uÛÑ÷$TøÏ eT<Ûä´ @ s√Eq n‹‘·≈£îÿe m) Äø°‡»Hé _) HÓ’Á{À»Hé m) VüA´C…Hé _) ms¡k˛ºìdt
<ä÷s¡+ ñ+≥T+~? 13. <˚XÊìï ñ‘·Ôs¡, <äøÏåD≤\T>± $uÛÑõdüTÔqï C≤rj·T dæ) V”≤*j·T+ &ç) ôV’≤Á&√»Hé dæ) $*j·T+ ôV≤s¡¸˝Ÿ &ç) C≤Hé M\sY
m) &çôd+ãsY 22 _) ôdô|º+ãsY 21 s¡Vü≤<ë] @~? 24. $X¯«s˝À <äTeTTà, <Ûä÷[, y˚&çyêj·TTe⁄\‘√ 38. H˚bÕ˝Ÿ Væ≤e÷\j·÷\≈£î dü+ã+~Û+∫ dü¬s’q $wü
dæ) pHé 14 &ç) »qe] 3 m) C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 1 ≈£L&çq y˚T|òü÷eè‘· eT+&É\+ @~? j·÷\qT ‘Ó\T|ü+&ç
5. ˇø£ >∑+≥ düeTj·T+˝À uÛÑ÷$T mìï nøå±+XÊ\T _) C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 4 m) H√yê _) dü÷|üsYH√yê 1) ø±∞-rkÕÔ q<äT\ eT<Ûä´ $düÔ]+∫ ñHêïsTT
‹s¡T>∑T‘·T+~? dæ) C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 6 dæ) u≤¢ø˘ Vü≤√˝Ÿ &ç) HÓãT´˝≤ 2) düfÒ¢CŸ-ø±∞ q<äT\ eT<Ûä´ $düÔ]+∫ ñHêïsTT
m) 60 nøå±+XÊ\T _) 30 nøå±+XÊ\T &ç)C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 10 25. ø√|ü]ïø£dt nH˚ b˛˝…+&é XÊgy˚‘·Ô Á|ü‹bÕ~+∫q 3) |ü+&É¢ ‘√≥\≈£î, Á|üø£è‹ kÂ+<äsê´ìøÏ Á|üdæ~Δ
dæ) 20 nøå±+XÊ\T &ç) 15 nøå±+XÊ\T 14. s¡#·Hê <√uŸ @ ¬s+&ÉT q<äT\ eT<Ûä´>∑\ dæ<ëΔ+‘·+? #Ó+~q~
6. \+&ÉHé˝À ‘Ó\¢yê] düeTj·T+ 5:30 mmyéT nsTT‘˚ kÕs¡e+‘·yÓTÆq ÁbÕ+‘·+? m) uÛÑ÷πø+Á<äø£ dæ<ëΔ+‘·+ 4) me¬sdtº ˝≤+{Ï m‘Ó’Ôq •Ksê\T Çø£ÿ&É ñHêïsTT
uÛ≤s¡‘Y˝À n|ü&ÉT düeTj·T+ m+‘·? m) _j·÷Hé-düfÒ¢CŸ _) sê$-_j·÷dt _) eTVü≤$k˛Œ≥q dæ<ëΔ+‘·+ m) 1, 2 _) 1, 4 dæ) 2, 3 &ç) 2, 4
m) ñ<äj·T+ 10>∑+ˆˆ 30숈 dæ) NHêuŸ-sê$ &ç) J\+-NHêuŸ dæ) dü÷s¡´ πø+Á<äø£ dæ<ëΔ+‘·+ 39. ≈£îeTjÓTTHé Væ≤e÷\j·÷\≈£î dü+ã+~Û+∫
_) sêÁ‹ 10>∑+ˆˆ 15. ôwesêjYT ø=+&É\T @ sêh+˝À ñHêïsTT? &ç) ~« qø£åÁ‘· |ü]ø£\Œq dü]ø±ì $wüj·÷\qT ‘Ó\T|ü+&ç
dæ) ñ<äj·T+ 11>∑+ˆˆ m) ‘·$Tfi¯Hê&ÉT _) ø£sêí≥ø£ 26. Ä˝≤Œ¤ôd+{≤πs nH˚ qø£åÁ‘êìøÏ dü+ã+~Û+∫ dü¬s’q 1) Çø£ÿ&É eT‘· |üs¡yÓTÆq πø+Á<ë\T n~Ûø£+>± ñHêïsTT
&ç) sêÁ‹ 9>∑+ˆˆ30숈 dæ) eTVü‰sêh &ç) sê»kÕÔHé yêø±´\qT >∑T]Ô+#·+&ç 2) Ç$ dæ+<Ûä÷ düfÒ¢CŸ q<äT\ eT<Ûä´ $düÔ]+∫ ñHêïsTT
m) dü÷s¡T´&ÉT ‘·sê«‘· uÛÑ÷$TøÏ <ä>∑Zs¡>± ñqï qø£åÁ‘·+ 3) á ÁbÕ+‘·+˝À ø£ì|æ+#˚ düs¡düT‡\qT ª‘ê˝Ÿµ nì
_) dü÷s¡T´&ÉT <ä>∑Zs¡>± >∑\ qø£åÁ‘· eT+&É\+ |æ\TkÕÔs¡T
dæ) dü÷s¡T´&ÉT ‘·sê«‘· Á|üø±X¯e+‘·+>± ø£ì|æ+#˚ qø£åÁ‘· 4) Hê<∏äT˝≤, »\|t˝≤ ø£qTeT\T M{Ï˝ÀH˚ ñHêïsTT
eT+&É\+ m) 1, 3 _) 2, 4 dæ) 1, 4 &ç) 2, 3
&ç) dü÷s¡T´&ÉT ‘·sê«‘· ô|<ä›>± ø£ì|æ+#˚ qø£åÁ‘·+ 40. uÛ≤s¡‘·<˚X¯+˝À bı&ÉyÓ’q dü]Vü≤<äT› >∑\ yÓTT<ä≥
27. dü÷s¡T´ì ‘·sê«‘· uÛÑ÷$TøÏ n‹ düMT|ü+˝À ñqï ¬s+&ÉT <˚XÊ\T?
qø£åÁ‘·+ @~? m) ã+>±¢<˚XŸ, #Ó’Hê _) ã+>±¢<˚XŸ, H˚bÕ˝Ÿ
m) ÁbòÕøχe÷ ôd+{À] _) dæ]j·THé dæ) ã+>±¢<˚XŸ, bÕøÏkÕÔHé
dæ) _≥˝Ÿ>∑¢ø˘‡ &ç) m|æ‡˝≤Hé n]>± &ç) u+>±¢<˚XŸ, eTj·THêàsY
28. ø£s√Hê≈£î dü+ã+~Û+∫ dü¬s’q yê´K´qT ‘Ó\T|ü+&ç 41. uÛ≤s¡‘·<˚X¯+˝À ‘·≈£îÿe dü]Vü≤<äT› >∑\ ∫e] ¬s+&ÉT
m) dü÷s¡T´ì˝Àì Á|üø±X¯e+‘·yÓTÆq eT+&É\+ <˚XÊ\T?
_) dü÷sê´+ø±\T @s¡Œ&˚ eT+&É\+ m) H˚bÕ˝Ÿ, eTj·THêàsY _) uÛÑ÷{≤Hé, H˚bÕ˝Ÿ
dæ) dü÷s¡´Á>∑Vü≤D düeTj·T+˝À ø£ì|æ+#˚ eT+&É\+ dæ) Ä|üÈìkÕÔHé, uÛÑ÷{≤Hé &ç) H˚bÕ˝Ÿ, uÛÑ÷{≤Hé
&ç) dü÷sê´düÔeTj·T+˝À e÷Á‘·y˚T ø£ì|æ+#˚ eT+&É\+ 42. @ ø£qTeTqT ªπ>{Ÿ y˚ Ä|òt lq>∑sYµ nì |æ\TkÕÔs¡T?
29. &ÉT&ÉTe÷ »\bÕ‘·+ @ q~ e\¢ @s¡Œ&ç+~? m) wæ|æÿ˝≤ _) ãìVü‰˝Ÿ
m) ø±y˚] _) qs¡à<ä dæ) ì|òæ˝≤ &ç) uÀ˝≤Hé
dæ) e÷#YK+&é &ç) ‘·|ü‹ 43. ˝ÒVt≤-»eTTà ÁbÕ+‘ê\qT ø£*ù| ø£qTeT @$?
30. bÕø√´+>¥ $e÷HêÁX¯j·T+ @ sêÁcÕºìøÏ #Ó+~+~? m) Ks¡T›+>±¢ _) wæ|æÿ˝≤
m) ns¡TD≤#·˝ŸÁ|ü<˚XŸ _) y˚T|òü÷\j·T dæ) CÀõ˝≤ &ç) s√Vt≤‘·+>¥
7. øÏ+~ yê{Ï˝À dü]ø±ì~/$ >∑T]Ô+#·+&ç 16. <ä÷|t|òüTsY •Ks¡+ @ |üs¡«‘ê\˝À m‘Ó’Ôq~? dæ) dæøÏÿ+ &ç) eTDÏ|üPsY 44. øÏ+~ yê{Ï˝À dü]jÓÆTq~ ‘Ó\T|ü+&ç
sêh+ ø£qTeT m) $+<Ûë´ |üs¡«‘ê\T 31. áXÊq´ sêh+˝À ì]à+∫q ‘=* Á^Hé|ò”˝Ÿ¶ 1) uÖ<äΔeT‘· πø+Á<ä+ - <Ûäs¡àXÊ\
1. dæøÏÿ+ »\|t˝≤ _) |üPsê«+#·˝Ÿ |üs¡«‘ê\T $e÷HêÁX¯j·T+ @ sêh+˝À ñ+~? 2) n&Ée⁄\ |ü]XÀ<Ûäq πø+Á<ä+ - &ÓÁVü‰&É÷Hé
2. Væ≤e÷#·˝ŸÁ|ü<˚XŸ s√Vt≤‘·+>¥ dæ) ˙\–] |üs¡«‘ê\T m) dæøÏÿ+ _) Á‹|ü⁄s¡ 3) Ä\T>∑&ɶ\ |ü]XÀ<Ûäq πø+Á<ä+ - dæe÷¢
3. »eTTàø£oàsY n|òæT˝Ÿ &ç) kÕ‘·÷Œsê |üs¡«‘ê\T dæ) Hê>±˝≤+&é &ç) eTDÏ|üPsY 4) ◊@mdt •ø£åD≤ πø+Á<ä+ - &É˝ÖΩdæ
4. ns¡TD≤#·˝ŸÁ|ü<˚XŸ <∏ä>∑T˝≤ 17. |ü+#·eT]Ω nH˚ y˚dü$ $&ç~ πø+Á<ä+ @ |üs¡«‘ê˝À¢ 32. C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ës¡T\T m≈£îÿe >∑\ sêh+ @~? m) 1, 4 _) 3, 4 dæ) 1, 2, 3 &ç) 1, 2, 4
m) 1, 2 _) 1 e÷Á‘·y˚T dæ) 3, 4 &ç) 4 e÷Á‘·y˚T ñ+~? m) eT<Ûä´Á|ü<˚XŸ _) ñ‘·Ôs¡Á|ü<˚XŸ 45. Á|ü|ü+#·+˝À n‹ô|<ä› n–ï |üs¡«‘· B$?
8. dæøÏÿ+ sêh+˝À ñqï ø£qTeT\T @$? m) kÕ‘·÷Œsê |üs¡«‘ê\T dæ) |ü•ÃeTu…+>±˝Ÿ &ç) ;Vü‰sY m) ÄÁùdº*j·÷ _) ◊dt˝≤+&é
1. ãT]®˝≤ 2. CÀõ˝≤ _) $+<Ûë´ |üs¡«‘ê\T 33. nìï s¡ø±\ s¡Vü≤<ës¡T\T m≈£îÿe⁄qï sêh+ @~? dæ) ◊sê¢+&é &ç) Á^Hé˝≤´+&é
3. »\|t˝≤ 4. Hê<∏äT˝≤ dæ) nHêïeT˝…’ |üs¡«‘ê\T m) eT<Ûä´Á|ü<˚XŸ _) eTVü‰sêh 46. Á|ü|ü+#·+˝Àì n‹ô|<ä› Ä]Ãô|˝≤>√ @~?
m) 1, 2 _) 2, 3 dæ) 3, 4 &ç) 2, 4 &ç) |üPsê«+#·˝Ÿ |üs¡«‘ê\T dæ) ‘·$Tfi¯Hê&ÉT &ç) πøs¡fi¯ m) |òæ*ô|’ŒHé‡ _) »bÕHé
9. H˚wüq˝Ÿ ôV’≤y˚ -7 @j˚T q>∑sê\qT ø£\T|ü⁄‘·T+~? 18. ª<ä÷|t|òüTsYµ |üs¡«‘· •Ks¡+ kÕ‘·÷Œs¡ ÁX‚DÏøÏ 34. øÏ+~ yê{Ï˝À dü¬s’q~ @~? dæ) Ç+&√H˚wæj·÷ &ç) e÷]wüdt
m) ‹s¡Teq+‘·|ü⁄s¡+ - &Ûç©¢ #Ó+~q @ ø=+&É˝À¢ ñ+~? 1) n‹ ∫qï C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 47 m
_) yês¡D≤dæ - ø£Hê´≈£îe÷] m) yÓTÆø±\ ø=+&É\T _) eTVü≤<˚yé ø=+&É\T 2) <˚XÊìï ‘·÷s¡TŒ |ü&ÉeTs¡\T>± $uÛÑõdüTÔqï C≤rj·T düe÷<ÛëHê\T
dæ) ø±+&Ü¢ - ø£\ø£‘êÔ &ç) &Ûç©¢ - ø£\ø£‘êÔ dæ) sêCŸ|æbÕ¢ ø=+&É\T &ç) >∑]«˝Ÿ|òüTsY ø=+&É\T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 7 1.&ç 2._ 3.&ç 4.&ç 5.&ç
10. H˚wüq˝Ÿ ôV’≤y˚ -7 q÷‘·q dü+K´? 19. kÕ‘·÷Œs¡ ÁX‚DÏøÏ #Ó+~q ø=+&É\T @$? 3) yÓTT‘·Ô+ s¡Vü≤<ës¡T˝À¢ C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ës¡T\ XÊ‘·+ - 6.dæ 7.&ç 8.dæ 9._ 10.m
m) C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 44 m) ø±s¡ºeTyéT ø=+&É\T _) >∑$˝Ÿ|òüTsY ø=+&É\T 30 11.m 12.dæ 13.dæ 14.dæ 15.m
_) C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 40 dæ) sêCŸ|æbÕ¢ ø=+&É\T &ç) eTVü≤<˚yé ø=+&É\T 4) bı&ÉyÓ’q C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ës¡T\T m≈£îÿe⁄qï sêh+ - 16.&ç 17.m 18._ 19.m 20._
dæ) C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 26 20. kÕ‘·÷Œs¡ ÁX‚DÏ˝À @ ~X¯˝À @ ø=+&É\T $düÔ]+∫ eT<Ûä´Á|ü<˚XŸ 21._ 22.dæ 23.&ç 24.&ç 25.dæ
&ç) C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 16 ñHêïjÓ÷ »‘·#˚j·T+&ç m) 1, 2 _) 2,4 dæ) 1, 3, 4 &ç) 1, 2,3 26._ 27.m 28.dæ 29.dæ 30.dæ
11. øÏ+~ yê{Ï˝À dü¬s’q~ @~? ~X¯ ø=+&É 35. <˚X¯+˝À bı&ÉyÓ’q C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ës¡T˝À¢ yÓTT<ä{Ï 31.m 32._ 33._ 34.m 35.&ç
1) |ü•ÃeT rs¡+ >∑T+&Ü yÓfi‚fl C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 17 1. ñ‘·Ôs¡+ |æ. eTVü≤<˚yé ø=+&É\T ¬s+&ÉT @$? 36._ 37.m 38._ 39._ 40.m
2) ‘·÷s¡TŒ rs¡+ >∑T+&Ü yÓfi‚fl C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 5 2. <äøÏåD+ ≈£L´. >∑$˝Ÿ|òüTsY ø=+&É\T 1. C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 5 41.dæ 42._ 43.dæ 44.dæ 45._
3) |ü•ÃeT rs¡+ >∑T+&Ü yÓfi‚fl C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 8 3. ‘·÷s¡TŒ ÄsY. yÓTÆø±˝Ÿ ø=+&É\T 2. C≤rj·T s¡Vü≤<ë] - 6 46.dæ
 X¯ìyês¡+ 19
4 yìþ. ò³OÐóþÒM>Ðèþ# íÜ. IgêMŠü ¯èþ*År¯Œþ
»qe], 2019

18. ¯èþÐø§æþÄæý$ ´ëuæÿÔéËËMæü$ çÜ…º…«¨…_ Mìü…¨ Ðé°ÌZ yìþ. ^éÆðÿÏ‹Ü »ê»ôýh

çÜÇM>°þ §é°° Væü$Ç¢…^èþ…yìþ.? 28.ѧéÅ Ææÿ…Væü…ÌZ {ò³•ÐóþsîýMæÆæÿ×ý A¯óþ¨ {ç³ç³…`MæüÆæÿ×Ìý Z
G. ÉìþÎÏÌZ° ïܽG‹ÜD B«§æþÓÆæÿÅ…ÌZ ç³°^óþÝë¢Æÿ$$ JMæü ºËÐðþ$O¯èþ ¿êÐèþ¯èþ A° H gê¡Äæý$ ¯éMæü$yæþ$ °ÆæÿÓ
¼. Ò°ÌZ {V>Ò$×ý {´ë…™éË ÐéÇMìü 75 Ôé™èþ…, C™èþ _…^éÆæÿ$?
Ææÿ$ËMæü$ 25Ôé™èþ… ïÜr$Ï MóüsêÆÿ$$Ýë¢Ææÿ$ G.»êËVæü…V>«§æþÆŠÿ †ËMŠü
íÜ. BÆæÿÐèþ ™èþÆæÿVæü† ¯èþ$…yìþ íßý…© Ìôý§é C…XÏçÙ$ ¼.Ðèþ$à™éÃV>…«©
»Z«§æþ¯é ¿êçÙV> E…r$…¨ íÜ.Æ>gê Æ>Ðèþ$Ððþ*çßý¯ŒþÆ>ÄŒý$
yìþ. §óþÔèý…ÌZ 261 ¯èþÐø§æþÄæý$ ´ëuæÿÔéËË$¯é²Æÿ$$ yìþ. çÜÆóÿÓç³ÍÏ Æ>«§éMæü–çÙ~
1. Æ>gêÅ…Væü…ÌZ° H BÇt-MæüÌŒý AçÜ–üµ-ÔèýÅ-™èþ¯èþ$ °õÙ-«¨… yìþ. ïÜ Ìôý 19. {糿æý$™éÓ«¨M>Ææÿ…ÌZ {糆 JMæüPÇMìü ¿êVæüÝëÓÐèþ$Å… 29.{ç³ç³…`MæüÆæÿ×ý Ë„æü×ê˯èþ$ Væü$Ç¢…^èþ…yìþ?
_…¨? 10. Æ>gêÅ…Væü…ÌZ BÇtMæüÌŒý 343 H A…Ôé°Mìü çÜ…º… VæüË Ñ«§é¯é°² {ç³gêÝëÓÐèþ$Å…V> GÐèþÆæÿ$ °ÆæÿÓ_…^é G. {ç³ç³…^èþ ÐéÅç³¢…V> A°² Ææÿ…V>ËÌZ ò³r$tºyæþ$Ë$
G. BÇt-MæüÌŒý 14 «¨…_¯èþ¨? Ææÿ$? çÜÐèþ*¯èþ ѧéÅÐèþM>ÔéËMæü$ çÜ…º…«¨…_ °Äæý$Ñ$ ò³Ææÿ$Væü$™éÆÿ$$.
¼.BÇt-MæüÌŒý 15 G. Ðèþ*™èþ–¿êçÙÌZ »Z«§æþ¯èþ …_¯èþ MæüÑ$çÙ¯Œþ H¨? ¼. Ýë…Móü†M>ÀÐèþ–¨® Ðèþ$*Ë…V> H Ðèþ$*Ë H…
íÜ. BÇt-MæüÌŒý 16 ¼. A«¨M>Ææÿ ¿êçÙV> íßý…© G.{´÷.ïÜÌôý fÆæÿ$Væü$™èþ$…§ø ™ðþË$çÜ$Mö° ѧæþÅ ç³ÇÔZ«§æþ¯é
yìþ. BÇt-MæüÌŒý 17 íÜ.Æ>gêÅ…Væü A™èþÅÐèþÆæÿçÜ ç³Çíܦ† ¼.A{ºçßý… Í…Mæü¯Œþ Ææÿ…V>ËÌZ M>Ë…, {ÔèýÐèþ$ Ðèþ–«§é M>Mæü$…yé Mö™èþ¢
2. ѧæþÅ A…†Ðèþ$ Ë„æüÅ… çÜ™ŒþÖË AÀÐèþ–¨® A° H ¿êÆæÿ¡Äæý$ yìþ. Ððþ$O¯éÈtË$ °ÆæÿÓíßý…^óþ ´ëuæÿÔéËË {V>…r$ íÜ. } Ðèþ*Í ç³ÇÔZ«§æþ¯èþËMæü$ AÐèþM>Ôèý… HÆæÿµyæþ$™èþ$…¨.
™èþ™èþÓÐóþ™èþ¢ õ³ÆöP¯é²Ææÿ$? 11. GÐèþÇ çÜËà Ðóþ$ÆæÿMæü$ Äæý$*°ÐèþÇÞsîý {V>…sŒýÞ MæüÑ$ yìþ. AÇÝëtsìýÌŒý íÜ. À¯èþ² çÜ…çÜP−–™èþ$Ë$ MæüË §óþÔéË$ JMóü ÆæÿMæüÐðþ$O¯èþ
G.Ýù{MæüsîýçÜ$ çÙ¯Œþ¯èþ$ 1953ÌZ HÆ>µr$ ^óþÔéÆæÿ$? 20.2011 f¯é¿ê ÌñýMæüPË {ç³M>Ææÿ… A™èþÅ«¨Mæü A„æüÆ>çÜÅ™èþ Ñ${ÔèýÐèþ$ çÜ…çÜP–†° ´ësìýÝë¢Æÿ$$.
¼.V>…«© G. Ððþ$ORñýÌŒý ÝëÏyæþÆŠÿ ¼. ÝëÆæÿj…sŒý AÍÆ>gŒýç³NÆŠÿÌZ ¯èÐðþ*§æþÆÿ$$…¨. D {´ë…™èþ… H yìþ.ò³OÐèþ±²
íÜ. õ³ÏsZ íÜ.çÜÆóÿÓç³ÍÏ Æ>«§éMæü–çÙ~ yìþ. Ððþ$$§æþÍÄæý*ÆŠÿ Æ>çÙ‰…ÌZ E…¨? 30.C…XÏçÙ$ »Z«§æþ¯éÐèþ*«§æþÅÐèþ$…V> Æ>çÙ‰ÐéÅç³¢…V>
yìþ.ÑÐóþM>¯èþ…§æþ 12. Væü¯èþ$Ë$, MæüÆ>ÃV>Æ>ÌZÏ 14 çÜ….ÌZç³# »êË»êÍMæüË$ G. bèþ¡¢‹ÜVæüyŠþ success ´ëuæÿÔéË˯èþ$ Æ>çÙ‰{糿æý$™èþÓ… {´ëÆæÿ…À…
3. D Mìü…¨ Ðé°ÌZ ¿êÐèþÐé§æþ$Ë$ A…XMæüÇ…_¯èþ »Z«§æþ ç³°^óþÄæý$yæþ… °õÙ«¨…^èþyæþ… fÇW…¨. Æ>gêÅ…Væü…ÌZ ¼. Ðèþ$«§æþÅ{糧óþÔŒý _…¨. success ¯èþ$ ÑçܢDž^èþ…yìþ?
¯é 糧æþ®™èþ$˯èþ$ Væü$Ç¢^èþ…yìþ þ? §é°Mìü çÜ…º…«¨…_¯èþ BÇtMæüÌŒý ¯èþ$ Væü$Ç¢…^èþ…yìþ? íÜ. JyìþÔé G. suppplying and universalization of
1. Ýù{MæüsîýçÜ$ Eç³Äñý*W…_¯èþ {ç³Ôèý²& çÜÐèþ*«§é¯èþ G.BÇtMæüÌŒý 45 yìþ. gêÆæÿU…yŠþ quality and access to secondary schools
糧æþ®† ¼. BÇtMæüÌŒý 47 21. Ðèþ$¯èþ §óþÔèý…ÌZ 5,532 GMæüÆ>Ë ÑïÜ¢Ææÿ~…ÌZ A† ò³§æþª ¼. Strengthening and Universalization of
2. õ³ÏsZ, AÇÝëtsìýÌŒý Eç³Äñý*W…_¯èþ BVæüÐèþ$¯èþ &°Væ íÜ.BÇtMæüÌŒý 24 f…™èþ$ {糧æþÆæÿدèþ ÔéË GMæüPyæþ E…¨. ? Computer Education and Acess to
üÐèþ$¯èþ 糧æþ®™èþ$Ë$ yìþ. BÇtMæüÌŒý 46 G.†Ææÿ$糆 Secondary Schools
3. ¨ Æðÿ¯ðþ yðþM>Æðÿt‹Ü Eç³Äñý*W…_¯èþ A˵… ¯èþ$…yìþ 13.D Mìü…¨ MæüÑ$çÙ¯ŒþË$, AÑ HÆæÿµyìþ¯èþ çÜ…Ðèþ™èþÞÆ>Ë$ ¼. ¿æý$Ðèþ¯óþÔèýÓÆŠÿ íÜ. Strategic and universalization of
çÜ…MìüÏçÙt… 糧æþ®† CÐèþÓºyézÆÿ$$. Ðésìý° çÜÆðÿO¯èþ {MæüÐèþ$…ÌZ f™èþç³Ææÿ^èþ…yìþ? íÜ. ¿Z´ëÌŒý quality and access to secondary schools
4þ. ò³OÐèþ±² 1. EyŠþ ™éT§æþ$ ( ) G.1944 yìþ. gñýOç³NÆŠÿ yìþ.Strengthening and Universalization of
G. 1 2. ÝëÆæÿj…sŒý MæüÑ$çÙ¯Œþ ( ) ¼.1854 22. Ðèþ–„æü ç܅糧æþ A†ÐóþVæü…V> ™èþWY´ù™èþ$¯èþ² §óþÔéË gê¼ Quality and Acess to Secondary education
¼. 2 31. E_™èþ °Ææÿ¾…«§æþ ѧéÅçßýMæü$P ^èþrt…&2009 {ç³M>Ææÿ…
íÜ. 1,2 E´ë«§éÅÄæý$, ѧéÅÆæÿ$®Ë °çÙµ†¢ G…™èþ?
G. 1:30
GENERAL AWARENESS
yìþ. 4
4. H Ðé§æþ… ÕÔèý$ Móü…{©Mæü–™èþ ѧæþÅMæü$ A™èþÅ«¨Mæü ¼. 1:40
{´ë«§é¯èþÅ™èþ °_a…¨.? íÜ. 1:20
G.¿êÐèþÐé§æþ… yìþ. 1:10
¼. {´ëMæü–†Mæü Ðé§æþ… 3.§æþ$Æ>Y»êÆÿ$$ §óþÔŒýÐèþ$$RŒý MæüÑ$sî ý( ) íÜ.1986 ™éÌZ {»ñýhÌŒý A{VæüÝ릯èþ…ÌZ °ËÐèþV>, 2þÐèþ Ý릯鰲 32.1986 gê¡Äæý$ ѧéÅ Ñ«§é¯èþ… {ç³M>Ææÿ… {´ë«§æþÑ$Mæü
íÜ. B§æþÆæÿØ Ðé§æþ… 4þ. gê¡Äæý$ ѧéÅ Ñ«§é¯èþ… ( ) yìþ.1958 H §óþÔèý… B{MæüÑ$…_…¨? ѧæþÅ H ™èþÆæÿVæü™èþ$ËMæü$ ^ðþ…¨…¨?
yìþ. H©M>§æþ$ G. 1&¼, 2&íÜ, 3&G, 4&yìþ G. AÐðþ$ÇM> G. 1 ¯èþ$…yìþ 8Ðèþ ™èþÆæÿVæü† ÐèþÆæÿMæü$
5. ç³#¯èþÆæÿ$ijÐèþ¯èþ Äæý$$Væü…ÌZ BÑÆæÿÂÑ…_¯èþ ÐèþÅMìü¢ Ðé§é°² ¼. 1&¼, 2&G, 3&yìþ, 4&íÜ ¼.¿êÆæÿ™Œþ ¼. 1 ¯èþ$…yìþ 7Ðèþ ™èþÆæÿVæü† ÐèþÆæÿMæü$
B«§éÆæÿ…V> 20 Ðèþ Ôèý™éºª…ÌZ BÑÆæÿÂÑ…_¯èþ AíÜ¢™èþÓ íÜ. 1&¼, 2&G, 3&íÜ, 4&yìþ íÜ. ^ðþO¯é íÜ. 1 ¯èþ$…yìþ 5Ðèþ ™èþÆæÿVæü† ÐèþÆæÿMæü$
Ðé§æþ í³™éÐèþ$çßý$yæþ$ GÐèþÆæÿ$? H¨? yìþ. 1&G, 2&¼, 3&íÜ, 4&yìþ yìþ. º…V>ϧóþÔŒý yìþ. ç³NÆæÿÓ {´ë«§æþÑ$Mæü ѧæþÅ ¯èþ$…yìþ 6Ðèþ ™èþÆæÿVæü† ÐèþÆæÿMæü$
G.ÝùÆðÿ¯Œþ MìüÆŠÿPV>ÆŠÿz 14.gê¡Äæý$ ѧéÅÑ«§é¯èþ… A¯èþ$çÜÇ…_ E´ë«§éÅ Õ„æü×ê 23. 1964ÌZ gê¡Äæý$ ѧéÅ MæüÒ$çÙ¯Œþ¯èþ$ HÆ>µr$ ^óþõÜ 33. »êËË çßýMæü$PË ^èþrt…&2005 §éÓÆ> HÆ>µr$ ^óþíܯèþ
¼. {¸ù»ñýÌŒý çÜ…çܦË$ yðþOsŒý˯èþ$ G糚yæþ$ Ýë¦í³…^éÆæÿ$? ÐèþÆæÿMæü$ ¿êÆæÿ™èþ §óþÔèý ѧéÅ ^èþÇ{™èþÌZ {ç³Ðèþ$$Q Ý릯èþ… »êËË çßýMæü$PË ç³ÇÆæÿ„æü×ý çÜ…çœ$ Ððþ$$§æþsìý ^ðþOÆæÿïŒþ
íÜ. MøÆÿ$$ËÆŠÿ G. 1970ÿ Ðèíßý…_¯èþ °Ðóþ¨Mæü H¨? GÐèþÆæÿ$?
yìþ. gꯌþ yæþ*ÅÆÿ$$ ¼. 1980 G. çßý…rÆŠÿ MæüÑ$çÙ¯Œþ(1882) G.Ôé…™é íܯéá
6.BÇtMæüÌŒý 39 (2) §óþ° Væü$Ç…_ ÑÐèþÇçÜ$¢…¨. íÜ. 1990 ¼. EyŠþ °Ðóþ¨Mæü (1854) ¼.C…¨Æ> VøÝëÓÑ$
G. Ððþ$O¯éÈt °ÆæÿÓçßý×ýÌZ E¯èþ² ѧéÅçÜ…çܦËMæü$ A…¨…^óþ yìþ. ò³OÐóþÒM>Ðèþ# íÜ.ÝëyæþÏÆŠÿ MæüÑ$çÙ¯Œþ (1917) íÜ. ¯èþ…¨™é §é‹Ü
{V>…sŒý C¯Œþ GÆÿ$$yŠþ ÑçÙÄæý$…ÌZ Ñ^èþ„æü×ý ^èþ*ç³Æ>§æþ$ 15. ç³Æ>ÅÐèþÆæÿ×ý çÜÐèþ$çÜÅËò³O ^èþÇa…^óþ…§æþ$Mæü$ 1980ÌZ yìþ.A»êsŒý&EyŠþ °Ðóþ¨Mæü (1937) yìþ. çÙÇÃÌê u>Væü*ÆŠÿ
¼. Ððþ$O¯éÈtË$ ™èþÐèþ$ Íí³°, çÜ…çÜP−–†° ç³ÇÆæÿ„ìü…^èþ$ GÐèþÇ A§æþÅ„æü™èþ¯èþ MæüÑ$sîý ÐóþÔéÆæÿ$? 24. 1787ÌZ Ñ$‹Ü H±¸ëÆŠÿÞ A…«§æþ$Ë ´ëuæÿÔé˯èþ$ H 34. çÜÐèþ${Væü ÕÔèý$ çÜ…„óüÐèþ$ õÜÐé M>ÆæÿÅ{MæüÐèþ$… (IíÜyìþG‹Ü)
MøÐèþ^èþ$a. ¯èþVæüÆæÿ…ÌZ Ýë¦í³…^éÆæÿ$? ¯èþ$ §óþÔèýÐéÅç³¢…V> H çÜ…Ðèþ™èþÞÆæÿ…ÌZ {´ëÆæÿ…À…
G. †ÐéÈ
G. Ë…yæþ¯Œþ ^éÆæÿ$?
íÜ. GïÜÞ, GïÜt, ½ïÜË BǪMæü ç³ÆæÿÐðþ$O¯èþ {ç³Væü†Mìü {Ôèý§æþ® Ðèþíßý ¼. {ç³×ý»Œý Ðèþ$$QÈj
¼. ´ùË…yŠþ G.1975
çÜ*¢ ÐéÇMìü ÝëÐèþ*hMæü ¯éÅÄæý$… Mæü͵…^éÍ. íÜ. Ðèþ$¯øÃ-çßý¯Œþ íÜ…VŠü
íÜ.¯ðþ§æþÆ>Ï…yŠþÞ ¼.1976
yìþ. 糧é²Ë$Væü$ çÜ…Ðèþ™èþÞÆ>ËÌZç³# í³ËÏËMæü$ E_™èþ yìþ. Ðóþ$£é-´ë-rP-ÆŠÿ íÜ.1977
ѧæþůèþ$ A…¨…^éÍ. 16. D Mìü…¨ Ðésìý° f™èþç³Ææÿ^èþ…yìþ? yìþ. ´ëÇ‹Ü
25.H Æ>fÅ…Væü çÜÐèþÆæÿ×ý 5&14 çÜ…!!Ë í³ËÏËMæü$ yìþ.1978
7. H ¨¯é°² Ðèþ*¯èþÐèþ çßýMæü$PË ¨¯èþ…V> fÆæÿ$ç³#™éÆæÿ$? 1. KgZ¯ŒþçÜ…Ææÿ„æü×ý ¨¯èþ…( ) G. ¯èþÐèþ…ºÆŠÿ 1
G. òÜò³t…ºÆŠÿ10 2.{ç³ç³…^èþ «§æþÇ{† ¨¯ø™èþÞÐèþ… ( ) ¼. l¯Œþ 5 °Ææÿ¾…«§æþ E_™èþ {´ë«§æþÑ$Mæü ѧæþÅ Mæü͵…^éÍ° 35.IMæüÅÆ>fÅ çÜÑ$† A…™èþÆ>j¡Äæý$ A„æüÆ>çÜÅ™èþ §æþÔ麪…
çÜ*_…_…¨? Væü$Ç¢…^èþ…yìþ?
¼. yìþòÜ…ºÆŠÿ 10 3.ç³Æ>ÅÐèþÆæÿ×ý ¨¯ø™èþÞÐèþ… ( ) íÜ.H{í³ÌŒý 22 G. 1993&2003
íÜ. AMøtºÆŠÿ 10 4. {ç³ç³…^èþ CM>Ëi ¨¯èþ… ( ) yìþ.òÜò³t…ºÆŠÿ 16 G. 45Ðè
¼. 21Ðèþ ¼. 2003&2012
yìþ. ¯èþÐèþ…ºÆŠÿ 10 G. 1&yìþ 2&G, 3&¼ 4&íÜ íÜ.2005&2014
8. »êçßýÅ ç³Æ>ÅÐèþÆæÿ×ê°² Ôèý$¨® ^óþõÜ Ðèþ$$…§æþ$ B…™èþ íÜ. 86Ðèþ
¼. 1&yìþ 2&íÜ, 3&G 4&¼ yìþ. 1990&2000 þ
yìþ. 51Ðèþ
Ææÿ…WMæü ç³Æ>ÅÐèþÆæÿ×ê°² Ôèý$¨® ^óþÄæý*Í. A° 1992ÌZ íÜ. 1&Gþ 2&íÜ, 3&¼ 4&yìþ 26. çÜ…ç³NÆæÿ~…V> AÀÐèþ–¨® ^ðþ…¨¯èþ ¯éyîþ ÐèþÅÐèþçܦ G°² fÐéº$Ë$
fÇW¯èþ «§æþÇ{™èþ çÜÐèþ*ÐóþÔèý…ÌZ ç³Æ>ÅÐèþÆæÿ×ý Ðóþ™èþ¢Ë$ yìþ.1&yìþ 2&íÜ, 3&¼ 4&G {MìüÄæý*™èþÃMæü ¯ðþOç³#×êÅ˯èþ$ AÀÐèþ–¨® ç³Ææÿ$çÜ$¢…¨?
¿êÑ…^éÆæÿ$. D «§æþÇ{† çܧæþçÜ$Þ GMæüPyæþ fÇW…¨. 17. gê¡Äæý$ {Væü…«§éËÄæý*Ë$, Ðèþ$*ÅhÄæý$… Ððþ$$§æþÌñýO¯èþ 1.yìþ 2.¼ 3.yìþ 4.¼ 5.G
G. Æðÿ…yæþ$
G.ÝëtMŠüçßZÐŒþ$ gê¡Äæý$ Ýë¦Æÿ$$ çÜ…çܦ˯èþ$ Móü…{§æþ… °ÆæÿÓíßýçÜ$¢…§æþ° ¼. ¯éË$Væü$ 6.G 7.¼ 8.¼ 9. G 10.¼
¼. ÇÄñý*yìþf±Æø ™ðþÍõ³ òÙyæþ*ÅÌŒý? íÜ. I§æþ$ 11.íÜ 12.íÜ 13.¼ 14.íÜ 15.G
íÜ. íÜÓrjÆ>Ï…yŠþ yìþ. »ñýÆŠÿ² G. HyæþÐèþ òÙyæþ*ÅÌŒýÌZ° JMæürÐèþ gê¼™éÌZ 62 ¯èþ$…yìþ yìþ. BÆæÿ$
9. ÑË$Ðèþ˯èþ$ çÜ™èþÅ…, ÕÐèþ…, çÜ$…§æþÆæÿ…V> GÐèþÆæÿ$ õ³ÆöP 66 G…{sîýË$ 16. yìþ 17.G 18.¼ 19.G 20.¼
27. A…«§æþ$Ë MøçÜ… {»ñýÆÿ$$Î Íí³° GÐèþÆæÿ$ Ææÿ*´÷…¨… 21.þ G 22.¼ 23.¼ 24.yìþ 25.íÜ
¯é²Ææÿ$? ¼. HyæþÐèþ òÙyæþ*ÅÌŒýÌZ° JMæürÐèþ gê¼™éÌZ 64 ^éÆæÿ$?
G. õ³ÏsZ ¯èþ$…yìþ 66 G…{sîýË$ G. IgêMŠü í³sŒýÐèþ$¯Œþ 26.yìþ 27.¼ 28.G 29.yìþ 30.yìþ
¼. £óþÌŒýÞ íÜ. HyæþÐèþ òÙyæþ*ÅÌŒýÌZ° JMæürÐèþ gê¼™éÌZ 63 ¯èþ$…yìþ ¼. Ë*Æÿ$$ {»ñýÆÿ$$Î 31.Gþ 32.G 33.G 34.G 35. ¼
íÜ. V>…«© 66 G…{sîýË$

In Bank exams, English plays a decisive
role. In Prelims it is for 30 marks and in
the mains it is for 40 marks. The follow-
ing items often appear in the Bank exams.
So focus on these items during your
preparation to score maximum
marks in this section of the paper.
Model Questions
Directions (Q.1-10): Read the following pas-
sage carefully and answer the questions
given below it. Certain words are given in
bold to help you locate them while answering
some of the questions.
The Indian pharma industry is FLOURISH-
ING overseas, touching almost every part of the
world. With low cost, speed and high quality
advantage, India is gearing up to become the
hub for contract research and manufacturing.
Having a competitive edge is one thing, and
maintaining it is another. Canada provides tax
benefits upto 46% for research carried out in the
country. Others like Korea and China without a
large pool of scientists make up by facilitating
foreign research in conceivable way. India does
not do any of these and faces many HURDLES-
diseases that it has been inflicted with since
Independence like Malaria and TB. While Indian
companies have only focused on the reverse-
engineering blockbuster drugs from MNCs,
overseas scientists have displayed little interest
in researching Sub-continent specific diseases
1. Which of the following is a reason for India's
continuing battle with common place dis-
eases?
1) Rigid patent laws mean essential foreign
drugs are not easily available in India.
2) Newer, more effective treatments and
drugs are unaffordable.
3) Government doesn't adequately sub-
sidise drugs required for treatment of
these diseases.
4) Research and development of drugs for
such diseases is taken up only advanced
countries.
5) None of the above.
Writer
M. Somasekhara Prasad
Subject Expert
2. Which of the following is /are TRUE in the
context of the passage?
ûÁ æ© úà ò˺ ô¢ª“
ví£òÅ¡ªêŸy ÑëÁuÞ¥õª
GÅö°óÀª úˆdöËÀ ð§xÙåª
H úˆdöËÀ ÍëǯJæ© ÎíÆà ÏÙè…óŸ« LNªçËμè sšúô³öËÀzÚÛª
àμÙCì GÅö°óÀª úˆdöËÀ ð§xÙåªö˺ Ú¨ÙC ð¼ú£ªdöË òÅ¡KhÚ¨
ví£ÚÛæì Nè[ªë]öËμjÙC.
H ð¼ú£ªdõª: Îí£¸ôæô ÚÛîª çËμÚ©où‡óŸªûËÂ, WEóŸªôÂ
îμªè…ÚÛöËÀ çËμÚ¥oöË>úÃd, šíÆjô ÏÙ>Fô êŸCêŸô¦õª.
H Ý°Sõª: 153
H Íô¢|êŸ, ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: ví£ÚÛæìö˺ êμLí‡ì NëÅ]ÙÞ¥.
H ÷óŸªú£ª: 18n28 ú£Ù÷êŸqô¦öË ÷ªëÅ]u ÑÙè¯L.
H ÎûËÂöËμjûË ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: áì÷J 19 n íƇvñ÷J 9 ÷ô¢ÚÛª.
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ: https://www.sail.co.in
øŒEî¦ô¢Ù 19 áì÷J 2019 - „ email: help@eenadupratibha.net
Purpose of Data Protection Laws?
as there are more profits and public interest in
lifestyle drugs like the ones for obesity. In the
interest of Indian research industry a decision
must be taken quickly on the implementation of
the data protection laws.
India is one of the few countries where data
exclusivity provisions are not prevalent. Data
protection is a contentious issue, hotly debated
by the Government and industry. A pharma
company wishing to market a drug is required to
submit data to the drug controller to show that
the drug is both effective and safe. The first
(originator) company that makes the application
A) Countries like China prefer to outsource
research to avoid exorbitant cost of
research at home.
B) Multinational pharma companies are
pressurising to have product patent laws.
C) The Indian Pharmaceutical industry is
booming.
1) Only A 2) Only C 3) Both B and C
4) Both A and B 5) None
3. According to the passage, what is the main
purpose of data protection laws?
1) To ensure that foreign countries invest in
research for drugs to treat diseases like
TB.
2) To attract Indian scientists back to the
country.
3) To prevent misuse of research to make
profit by competing companies.
4) To make clinical trials more acceptable to
the public. 5) None
4. Which of the following measures has Korea
taken to be competitive in the pharma indus-
try?
·ôjöËÀ OöËÀ ðƧuÚÛdK, òËμÙÞœüŒŠô¢ª
H ÓöËÙÚÛ sòËμÙÞœüŒŠô¢ªzö˺E ·ôjö˶y ÷ªÙvAêŸy ø‹ÜÚÛª
àμÙCì ·ôjöËÀ OöËÀ ðƧuÚÛdK 2018n19
ú£Ù÷êŸqô¦EÚ¨Þ¥ì« þ¼pôÂd¬q ÚÁæ° ð¼ú£ªdöË òÅ¡KhÚ¨
ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhõª ÚÁô¢ªêÁÙC. H îμ³êŸhÙ Ý°Sõª: 10
H vÚ©è[öËî¦K Ý°Sõª: vÚ¨·ÚæËÀn03, کn03, íÆ£±æËÀò°öËÀn02,
ÚÛñ膓n02.
H Íô¢|êŸ: í£ëÁêŸô¢ÞœA, û¶ù£ìöËÀ ÍvšíÙæ¨úÃù‡íÃ
ú£JdíƇ·ÚæËÀ/ Õæ©Õ ÑBhô¢gêŸ.
H ÷óŸªú£ª: 01.01.2019 û¦æ¨Ú¨ 18n25 ú£Ù÷êŸqô¦öË
÷ªëÅ]u ÑÙè¯L.
H ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: þ¼pôÂd¬q væóŸªöËÀq, vÚ©è¯ NáóŸ«õª,
Në¯uô¢|êŸõª, îμªè…ÚÛöËÀ çËμúÃd Îëůô¢ÙÞ¥.
H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: ÎíÆÃöËμjûË H íƈV: ô¢«.500
H #÷J ê¶C: íƇvñ÷J 23
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ: www.rwf.indianrailways.gov.in
IBPS
CLERKS MAINS
English
for marketing approval has to submit its data
relating to the clinical trials to the drug con-
troller, who once satisfied that the drug is safe
and effective will register it. Another company
wishing to market the same drug only requires
1) It offers blockbuster drugs at highly sub-
sidised rates.
2) It collaborates with foreign research firms.
3) It provides regulatory approvals.
4) It enacts relaxed tax laws.
5) None
5. Which of the following is /are India's
strengths in drug discovery and research.
A) Relaxed patent laws
B) Reverse engineering of foreign block-
buster drugs
C) Incentives to foreign companies
researching Sub-continent diseases.
1) Only C 2) Both A and C 3) Only A
4) All of these 5) None
Directions (Q.6-8): Choose the word/ phrase
which is most nearly the same in meaning as
the word printed in bold as used in the pas-
sage.
6. PREVAILING
1) famous 2) absent 3) existing
4) discontinued 5) before using
7. HURDLES
Îà¦ô¢u û¦Þ¥ô¢ªbì óŸ´E÷Jqæ©
ÞœªÙå«ô¢ª >ö°xö˺E Îà¦ô¢u û¦Þ¥ô¢ªbì óŸ´E÷Jqæ©
ÍèÂÚÂ, Ú¥Ùvæ°ÚÛªd vð§Aí£CÚÛì æ©#ÙÞ ðƧuÚÛMd òÅ¡KhÚ¨
ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhõª ÚÁô¢ªêÁÙC.
H ð¼ú£ªd: Íú‡šúdÙæËÀ vð»šíÆú£ô H Ý°Sõª: 12
H NòÅ°Þ¥õª: Ú¥ö˶âË À ÎíÆà ÎôÂd¬q Ú¥÷ªôÂq ÍÙè ö°;
Ú¥ö˶âËÀ ÎíÆà šújûμqúÃ.
H î˶êŸìÙ: ûμöËÚÛª ô¢«.29,500
H Íô¢|êŸ, ÷óŸªú£ª, ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: ví£ÚÛæìö˺ êμLí‡ì NëÅ]ÙÞ¥.
H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: ÎíÆÃöËμjûËÂ
H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh íƈV: ô¢«.300
H #÷J ê¶C: áì÷J 31
H #ô¢ªû¦÷«: J>vþ§dôÂ, Îà¦ô¢u û¦Þ¥ô¢ªbì
óŸ´E÷Jqæ©, û¦Þ¥ô¢ªbì ìÞœôÂn522 510, ÞœªÙå«ô¢ª
>ö°x, ÎÙvëÅ]ví£ë¶øËÂ.
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ: http://anu.ac.in
15
to show a bioequivalence to the drug of the orig-
inator company. As per the PREVAILING laws,
the regulator in India can rely on an innovator's
data to approve the competitor's product. While
the system in general is responsible for main-
taining the necessary secrecy, it is not account-
able for the same- the competitor gets an unfair
advantage over the innovator even while he is
clandestinely abusing an innovator's intellectual
property. Consequently research-based phar-
ma companies are being forced to undertake
VITAL clinical trials abroad. Huge expenditures
are INCURRED overseas, draining precious
foreign exchange when this could be done at
home at the fraction of the cost.
The product patent law protections required
by the TRIPS agreement and brought about by
the 2005 amendment to the Patent Act require
India to protect undisclosed test data from dis-
closure and unfair commercial use by competi-
tors. Effective 2005, Indian companies can no
longer copy patent-protected foreign drugs.
Some negate the necessity to make data exclu-
sivity a law. They argue that the advocates of
making it a law, the MNCs, want the data pro-
tected absolutely for a period of five years.
However, in case certain drugs are not avail-
able or unaffordable, should the government for
the common good not to be exercise powers to
get another company to make such drugs?
1) chains 2) check-posts 3) obstacles
4) arrangements 5) hard-deals
8. INCURRED
1) income 2) included 3) cured
4) spent 5) lent
Directions (Q.9-10): Choose the word/ phrase
which is most opposite in meaning of the
word printed in bold as used in the passage.
9. FLOURISHING
1) improving 2) progressing 3) flowering
4) declining 5) demanding
10. VITAL
1) important 2) chief 3) principal
4) useful 5) worthless
ANSWERS
1) 4
2) 3 A is not true. Cost is not a factor with
China.
3) 3
4) 4 It provides huge tax benefits.
5) 5. 6) 3 7) 3 8) 4 9) 4 10) 5
ví£î˶ø‹õª
ÓíÆÃè†è†Õ, ûËÁô³è¯
ûËÁô³è¯ö˺E íÆ£±æËÀî˶ô è…âËμjûË ÍÙè èËμ÷öËíÃîμªÙæËÀ
ÏûËÂú‡då«uæËÀ sÓíÆÃè†è†Õz 2019 Ôè¯C ví£î˶ø‹öËÚÛª
ví£ÚÛæì Nè[ªë]öË à¶ú‡ÙC.
1z ò°u#öËô ÎíÆà è…âËμjûË n û¦õª¸ÞüŒ‰x
2z ò°u#öËô ÎíÆà G>ûμúà Íè…tE›úZù£ûË sHHÔz n
÷´è˶üŒ‰x
3z ÷«ú£dô ÎíÆà è…âËμjûË n ·ôÙè˶üŒ‰x
4z ÷«ú£dô ÎíÆà G>ûμúà Íè…tE›úZù£ûË sÓÙHÔz n
·ôÙè˶üŒ‰x H ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: ví£î˶øŒ í£K¤Û Îëůô¢ÙÞ¥.
H í£K¤Û ê¶C:  19 H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: ÎûËÂöËμjûËÂ
H #÷J ê¶C: Ôví‡öËÀ 20
îËμòËÀšújæËÀ: www.fddiindia.com
14
øŒEî¦ô¢Ù 19 áì÷J 2019 - „ email: help@eenadupratibha.net

Who is the Bright Boy? A) a town in which people sleep a lot of

time
B) a town where people sleep
C) a town which is peaceful or quiet
D) a town in which people sleep at day time
I. Unit C.Reading: I Will do it would smile shyly and solve them in no time. Now answer the following questions. Each Answer the following questions in one or two
He sat alone below a tree and dreamt of question has four choices. Choose the correct sentences. (2 u 1 = 2)
I. Reading Comprehension studying at IIT. It was the ultimate aim for any answer and write A, B, C, or D in your answer
4. How did he solve the problems in IIT ques-
bright boy at that age, as it still is today. He booklet.
1. Read the Following passage tions paper?
was then only sixteen years old. 1. The above given test is ....
(5 u 1 = 5) 5. Where did the brighter ones want to study?
A) Speech B) Biography
He was short. He was sharp. He was the
brightest boy in his class. His seniors used to
C) Story D) Auto-biography Answers
ask him to solve their difficulties in science. He 2. Father was an evid reader of .......
1) B 2) A 3) C
could have gone unnoticed in a crowd, but A) English literature B) News paper
4. He solved the problems in IIT question
once you asked him a question related to C) Magazine D) Epics paper in no time.
physics or Maths, there was a spark in his 3. 'Sleepy Town' in the above passage means 5. The brighter ones wanted to study in the
eyes. He could grasp theories of science English ........ Indian Institute of Technology.
faster than the speed of light.

Writer
V. Satyanarayana
Subject Expert
He came from a poor but educated family.
His father was a high-school teacher and an
avid reader of English literature. He, like all the
boys in his class, was trying to get admission
into some engineering college. The brighter
ones wanted to study in the Indian Institutes of
Technology, or the IITs. There was an
entrance test for IIT. This boy, along with his
friends, applied to appear for the test. They did
not have any special books or coaching. All
these IIT aspirants would sit below the shade
of a stone mandap close to Chamundi Hills in
the sleepy town of Mysore. He was the guide
for the others. While the others struggled to
solve the problems in the question paper, he
l
2. Read the following passage
(5 u 1 = 5)
The D-Day came. He came to Bangalore,
stayed with some relatives and appeared for
the entrance test. He did very well but would
only say 'OK' when asked. It was the opposite
when it came to food. When he said 'OK' it
implied 'bad', when he said 'good' it implied
'OK', when he said 'excellent' it implied 'good'.
His principle was never to hurt anyone.
The IIT entrance results came. He had
passed with a high rank. What a delight for
any student! He was thrilled. He went to his
father who was reading a newspaper.
'Anna, I have passed the exam.'
'Well done, my boy'.
'I want to join IIT'
l 
His father stopped reading the paper. He 2. The 'Entrance Test' mentioned in the
lifted his head, looked at the boy and said above passage is .......
with a heavy voice, 'My son, you are a bright A) for getting an admission in Medicine
boy. You know our financial position. I have B) for getting an admission in IIT
five daughters to be married off and three C) for getting a job in IIT
sons to educate. I am a salaried person. I D) for getting an admission in TTC
cannot afford your expenses at IIT. You can 3. How many daughters to be married
stay in Mysore and study as much as you A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5
want'.
Answer the following questions in one or two
Now, answer the following questions. Each
sentences
question has four choices choose the correct
4. Why did he come to Bangalore?
answer and write A,B,C or D in your answer
5. Who is referred to as "The bright boy"?
booklet. (3 u 1 = 3)
1. The D-Day in the above passage refers to Answers
A) his birthday B) his marriage day 1) C 2) B 3) D
C) The day on which he wrote the IIT 4. He came to Bangalore to appear for the
entrance test entrance test.
D) Independence day 5. The bright boy is Narayana Murthy

l 
l 
l

Addition of Vectors
sú£C-øŒõ ú£Ù-ÚÛ-õìÙz
Very short answer type questions
    
Q. Let a = i + 2j + 3k, b = 3i + j. Find the unit
 
Find the Unit Vector?
vector in the direction of a + b
    O, P z
(a = i + 2j + 3k, b = 3i + j ú£¸ô-&-óŸ«-öËμjê¶ õìª ÚÛìª-ÚÁ\Ùè….- ú£Oª-ÚÛ-ô¢éÙz Cos J= 

  
ú£-C-øŒõ ú£ÙÚÛ-õì
CøŒ-ö˺E óŸ´EæÀ ú£C-øŒìª ÚÛìª-ÚÁ\Ùè….-) a1 b1 c 3 4 O r = a + t b where t  R — x + y2 + z2
2
Sol.  =  =  ?  =  =     
    a2 b2 c2 P 8 6 Here r = 3i 6j + 2k .
Sol: a + b = 4i + 3j + 3k     
    Ÿ P= 6, O= 3 r = (2i + 3j + k) + t (4i 2j + 3k) where tR 3 3
¸a + b ¸= —16 + 9 + 9 = — 34. ? Cos D= 
  Q. If the position vectors of the points A, B, C  =  7
Unit vector in the direction of a + b       
— 9 + 36 + 4
 are 2 i + j k, 4 i + 2 j + 2k and 6i3j13k 6 6
 Cos E= 
a+b
is 
4i + 3j + 3k
=  respectively and AB = OAC then find O  =  7
  — 9 + 36 + 4
¸a + b¸ —34 (A, B, C GÙ-ë]ª-÷±õ þ§–ì ú£C-øŒõª ÷ô¢ª-ú£Þ¥ Maths 2 2
        Cos J= 
(a + b C-øŒö˺ óŸ´EæÀ ú£CøŒz 2 i + j k, 4i + 2 j + 2 k 6i3j13k, Q. If D, E, J are the angles made by the vector  =  7
— 9 + 36 + 4
,
   
AB = O AC O
Í-ô³ê¶ N-õª-÷ìª ÚÛìª-ÚÁ\Ùè…z 3i 6j 2k with the positive directions of
ô¢àŸô³êŸ    
Sol. AB = OB  OA = 2i + j + 3k the coordinate axes. Then find cos D, cos ÷³Üu-îμªiì ví£øŒoõª
G. ÐøŒyô¢ô¦÷±      E, and cos J. H Find the vector equation of the plane
AC = OC OA = 8i 4j 12k      
   passing through the points i  2j + 5k ,
Nù£óŸª Eí£±éªõª (3i 6j + 2k
= 4 (2i + j + 3k)
ú£-CøŒ Eô¢«-í£ÚÛ Í¤¥-õêÁ    
Q. Find the vector equation of the plane pass-   1  D, E, J
ëÅ]û¦-êŸtÚÛCøŒö˺ ÚÁ-é°-õìª à¶ú£ªhÙç˶ 5j k and 3i + 5j 
? AC = 4 AB Ÿ AB =   AC       
ing through the points (0 0 0), (0 5 0), (2 0 1). 4 Cos D, Cos E, Cos J õìª ÚÛìª-ÚÁ\Ùè…] ( i2j + 5k , 5j  5k , 3i + 5j GÙë]ª-÷±õ
s(0 0 0), (0 5 0), (2 0 1) GÙ-ë]ª-÷±õ ë¯yô¦ îμü™x 1
?O=  
Sol: If D, E, J are the angles made by )
ë¯yô¦- îμü™x êŸõÙ ú£Cø‹ ú£Oª-ÚÛ-ô¢éÙ ÚÛìª-ÚÁ\Ùè…
           
êŸõÙ ú£Cø‹ ú£Oª-ÚÛ-ô¢éÙ ÚÛìª-ÚÁ\Ùè….z 4 r = xi + yj + zk with the positive H If a = 2i + 5j + k, b = 4i + mj + nk are
Sol: The vector equation of the plane is sêŸõÙ Q. Find the vector equation of the line passing directions of the coordinate axes. collinear vectors, then find m and n
          
ú£Cø‹ ú£Oª-ÚÛ-ô¢éÙz
   
r = (1 s t) a + sb + tc where s, tR
through the point 2 i + 3 j + k and parallel to s   
r = xi + yj + zk ú£CøŒ Eô¢«-í£ÚÛ Í¤¥-õêÁ (a = 2i + 5j + k , b = 4i + mj + nk õª
   m, n
    
? r = (1 s t) 0 + s(5j) + t (2 i + k)
the vector 4i 2 j + 3 k. ëÅ]û¦-êŸtÚÛ CøŒö˺ D, E, J ÚÁ-é°-õìª à¶ú£ªhÙç˶z ú£¸ô-&óŸª ú£C-øŒõª Íô³ê¶ - Nõª-÷-õìª
   x )
   (2 i + 3 j + k
ÚÛìªÚÁ\Ùè….
r = s (5 j) + t (2 i + k) s, t  R
GÙ-ë]ª÷± ë¯yô¦ ð¼êŸ«, ú£CøŒ Cos D = 

   — x2 + y2 + z2
   
Q. If the vectors 3i + 4j + Ok and Pi + 8j + 6k 4i 2j+ 3k ÚÛª ú£÷«Ù-êŸ-ô¢ÙÞ¥ ÑÙè˶ ¸ôÜ ú£Cø‹ çËμûÂh, ÏÙåôÂÚÛª ú£ÙñÙCÅÙ#ì ÷ªJEo
are collinear then find O, P )
y
Cos E = 
 ÷³Üuîμªiì ví£øŒoõªnáî¦ñªõ ÚÁú£Ù
www.eenadupratibha.net àŸ«è[÷àŸªa.
ú£Oª-ÚÛ-ô¢-é°Eo ÚÛìª-ÚÁ\Ùè…
     Sol: Vector equation of the line is s¸ôÜ ú£Cø‹ — x2 + y2 + z2
sú£C-øŒõª 3 i + 4 j + Ok, Pi + 8 j + 6 k õª
10 OÐðlG-‹Ü-B-ÆŠ‡ h-ÌêÏ l Ô¶æ°ÐéÆý‡… l
f¯]lÐ]lÇ l 19 l 2019 Send your Feedback to vidya@sakshi.com
ѧýlÅ
Tagore was awarded the Nobel Prize in.. 1) Point of view 18. Ramakrishna lent me ______ nique
P. Ramakrishna 2) Plot 3) Setting interesting book. 2) Approach, philosophy and
Subject Expert 4) Author's own argument 1) a 2) an 3) the technique
9. How many nasal sounds are
there?
Hï³ yîlGïÜÞ 4) No article is needed
19. My situation is similar _____
3) Principle, approach and
method
1) 2 2) 3 3) 6 4) 10 TET
TET cum
cum TRT
TRT -- 2018
2018 yours. Choose the correct prepo- 4) Philosophy, principle and
Model Questions 10. Choose the sentence that expre- sition that fits that context. approach
sses ability. English 1) of 2) with 25. A manual of instruction for any
1. Bonsai Life is written by ____ 1) He can carry this bag 3) by 4) to class is:
1) Abburi Chaya Devi 2) He carries bags 20. Identify the wrong irregular verb 1) a dictionary 2) a textbook
2) Jim Corbett 3) Lela Birky 3) He may carry this bag Special form among the following pairs 3) a question paper
4) Brian Patten 4) He should carry this bag of words. 4) a lesson plan
2. Which one of the following is not 11. The bird ______ out if you leave 1) think - thought 26. When the reader is looking for
a work of Charles Dickens? the door of the cage. Choose the 2) rise - rose 3) fall - falled specific information he/ she
1) Oliver Twist correct verb to fill in the blank. 4) drink - drank adopts the technique of:
2) Great Expectations 1) flies 2) will fly 1) intensive reading
3) Pickwick Papers 3) fly 4) would fly
METHODOLOGY 2) scanning 3) skimming
4) The Dead Rat 12. He is the tallest boy on ______ 21. These sounds begin with one 4) extensive reading
3. Tagore was awarded the Nobel earth. vowel and end with another 27. The following promotes thor-
Prize in literature for his Choose the article that fits the vowel. ough understanding of the con-
Gitanjali, the Song of Offerings context. 1) consonants 2) vowels tent or concept.
in _____ 1) a 2) an 3) the 3) vowel glides 4) pure vowels 1) Intensive reading
1) 1931 2) 1913 4) No article is needed 22. The concept which divides teach- 2) Scanning 3) Skimming
3) 1914 4) 1915 13. Choose the correct spelling of the ing into a set of sub-skills, so that 4) Checking
4. Identify the silent letter in the word. they can be practised individual- 28. A set of co-relative assumptions
word PRECIS. 1) Rejuvenate 2) Reguvinate 16. Work hard. You'll get success. ly before one integrates them into dealing with the language and
1) C 2) I 3) S 4) R 3) Rijuvenate 4) Rejuvenete Choose the correct conditional the comprehensive major skill of learning is:
5. What is the type of writing which 14. She practised _____ with a pitch- clause to combine the above sen- teaching. 1) A method 2) A technique
we follow in writing an er on her head. tences. 1) Practice teaching 3) An approach 4) A trick
Autobiography? Choose the appropriate verb of 1) If you work hard, you will not 2) Micro teaching 29. The objective of the Direct
1) Persuasive 2) Narrative fill in the blank. get success. 3) Block teaching method is:
3) Descriptive 4) Expository 1) walk 2) walked 2) If you work hard, you would 4) Class room teaching 1) to develop personality
6. Which of the following is a com- 3) to walking 4) to walk get success. 23. The domain that deals with the 2) to increase the power of com-
plementary close in a letter? 15. The simple sentence among the 3) If you work hard, you will get learners' ability to perform some prehension
1) Dear sir, 2) Yours faithfully, four is: success. activity or do practical work is; 3) to develop health
3) With regards, 1) She was generous to the peo- 4) If you don't work hard, you 1) Affective domain 4) to develop a command over
4) Thanking sir, ple who were in need. will get success. 2) Psycho-motor domain the target language
7. ______ writing is a unique mix- 2) When Savitri was twelve, she 17. They were waiting for their 3) Cognitive domain 30. Strengths and weaknesses can be
ture of fact and opinion. was offered a role in a film. teacher to come to the class. 4) All the above identified with the help of _____
1) Story 2) Essay 3) Maya Bazar is another film Identify the auxiliary verb in the 24. The three levels of conceptual- 1) Diagnostic Evaluation
3) Editorial 4) None of these that brought fame to her. above sentence. ization identified by Edward 2) Formative Evaluation
8. Which of the following is found 4) She gave an exceptionally 1) waiting 2) come Anthony are: 3) Summative Evaluation
in writing an essay? brilliant performance. 3) were 4) teacher 1) Approach, method and tech- 4) All

Key with Explanations
1) 1;
� Bonsai life is written by Abburi
ChayaDevi.
� Abburi Chayadevi is a well
known feminist writer born in
1933.
� She has written many short sto-
ries and essays.
� She was awarded the Central
Sahitya Akademi in 2005.
� In her works, she elucidates
women life and their feelings.
� Bonsai Bratukulu is translated
by Alladi Uma and M. Sridhar
2) 4;
Charles Dickens works are:
OGP BAD
O - Oliver Twist,
G - Great Expectations,
P - Pickwick Papers,
B - Bleak House,
A - A Tale of two Cities
D - David Copperfield
So, The Dead Rat is not written
by Charles Dickens. It is written
by P.C. Roy.
3) 2;
The first Nobel Prize winner is
Rabindranath Tagore in 1913.
4) 3;
The pronunciation of the word
Précis is: / pre-sI /
5) 2;
Person's own life history is
revealed in Autobiography. It is
usually written in Narrative.
6) 2;
Complementary close is nothing
but Subscription of the letter.
7) 3; 8) 4;
An essay is, generally, a piece of
writing that gives the author's
own argument - but the defini-
tion is vague, overlapping with
those of a paper, an article, a
pamphlet, and a short story.
9) 2;
We can use one code here.
PANLFS for consonants.
P - Plosives - 6
A - Affricates - 2
N - Nasals -3
L - Laterals - 1
F - Fricatives - 10
S - Semi Vowels - 2
10) 1;
Can /Could - expresses Ability
May/ Might - expresses
Possibility
Need - expresses Necessity
Must/ Ought to - expresses
Obligation and Compulsion.
So, answer is option one
11) 2; Simple Condition:
If + Sub + V1 + Obj,
Sub + will/shall +V1 + Obj
12) 4; No article is needed.
13) 1;
14) 4; To Infinitive represents the
work.
15) 4;
All the other three sentences
contain two clauses. Option 4
contains one subject and one
predicate.
16) 3; Simple Condition:
If + Sub + V1 + Obj,
Sub + will/shall + V1 + Obj
17) 3;
Auxiliary verbs: Am, is, are,
was, were, do, does, did, have,
has, had.
So, 'were' is the right answer. Micro teaching.
18) 2; 'An' is used before the vowel 23) 2;
sounds. Practical work is done with the
19) 4; 20) 3; help of hands. So, it is Psycho
Irregular Verbs: Fall-Fell-Fallen motor domain.
21) 3; Affective Domain is related to
Diphthongs/ Vowel Glides are heart.
combination of two vowel Cognitive Domain is related to
sounds. mind.
22) 2; 24) 1;
The concept which divides The three levels of conceptual-
teaching into a set of sub-skills, ization identified by Edward
so that they can be practised Anthony are Approach, Method
individually before one inte- and Technique in 1965.
grates them into the comprehen- 25) 4; 26) 2; 27) 1;
sive major skill of teaching is 28) 3; 29) 4; 30) 1.
Vidya Weekly Test- 3 SAKSHI EDUCATION
IBPS Clerks Main Grand Test
� Students can write exam at any time& at any place.
� Statewide Ranks will be announced
� Exciting Prizes for Top Rankers
� Only first time attempted score will be considered for Ranking
For registration visit www.sakshieducation.com
 ѧýlÅ Send your Feedback to vidya@sakshi.com
OÐðlG-‹Ü-B-ÆŠ‡ h-ÌêÏ l Ô¶æ°ÐéÆý‡… l
f¯]lÐ]lÇ l 19 l 2019 11

Why is the right kidney lower than..

P. Neelakantaiah

School Assistant.
ZPHS, Kammakandriga

Excretion -
The wastage disposing system
Chemical reactions occur in the cells of
living organisms all the time to carry out the
life process. The sum of these reactions is call- Biology (EM)
ed 'Metabolism'. Metabolism produces useful
products as well as toxic by-products. These presence of vasopressin the reabsorption of
toxic substances have to be removed as they water takes place.
are harmful if allowed to accumulate. The Metabolic activities: Anabolic and Cata- them. dialyzer.
removal of metabolic waste products from the bolic activities are collectively called as meta- A. Excretory organs in human body and iii) In this apparatus blood flows through
body of an organism is known as 'Excretion'. bolic activities. excretory materials generated by them are: channels or tubes.
The major excretion products are CO2, Malpighian body: It is the main part of Excretory iv) These tubes are embedded in the
Excretory material, generated
excess water and Nitrogen compounds like nephron. It comprises of Bowman's capsule organs dialyzing fluid.
ammonia, urea, uric acid etc. and Glomerulus. Kidneys Urine v) The membrane separates the blood
Primary urine: Filtrate from the glomer- flowing inside the tube and dialyzing,
Keywords ulus is called 'primary urine' which is almost
Skin Sweat
which has the same composition as
Lungs CO2 and water
Afferent arteriole: After entering the equal to blood in chemical composition except that of plasma, except the nitrogenous
Liver Bile pigments (Bilirubin and
kidney, the renal artery divides and enters into the presence of blood cells. wastes.
Biliverdin)
each nephron as afferent arteriole and forms Renal vein: It carries deoxygenated vi) As nitrogenous wastes are absent in
Intestine Excess salts of calcium,
glomerulus. blood. dialyzing fluids, these substances
magnesium and iron
Anticoagulant: The biochemical substa- Tubular reabsorption: The peritubular from the blood move out freely, there
Mouth Small amount of nitrogenous
nce which prevents blood clotting is called capillaries around PCT reabsord the useful by cleaning the blood of its wastes.
wastes through saliva
'anticoagulant'. components of primary urine such as Glucose, vii) This process is called 'dialysis'.
Alkaloid: These are nitrogenous by prod- Amino acids, Vitamin C, Potassium, Calcium, Eyes Small amounts of nitrogenous 7. Analyse the following information and
ucts and poisonous biochemicals stored in Sodium chlorides and 75% of water. wastes answer the questions.
different parts of the plants. Urinary bladder: It is a median, pear 5. In winter season excessive repeated urina-
Creatinine: This is one of the organic shaped and distensible sac present in the tion occurs. Why does it happen? Alkaloids Part of Uses
substances present in the urine along with pelvic part of the abdomen, It stores 300-800 A. i) In winter season the muscles contract to plant
other substances. ml of urine temporarily. cope up with cold. Quinine Bark
Anti malarial drug
Calyces: In the medulla of kidney there Vasopressin: It is the hormone (hormone ii) As a result the body produces more that Nicotine Leaves
Insecticide
are inverted pyramids. The broad end of each secreted by pituitary). It is secreted only when heat to regulated the body temperature. Morphine Fruits
Pain killer, sedative
pyramid is branched. It appears like sepals of concentrated urine is to be passed out. iii) That means the rate of metabolic
Caffeine Seeds
Central Nervous
a flower and is called 'calyces'. activities increases and more urine is
System stimulant
Dialyser: The apparatus through which Important Questions&Answers produced.
blood is purified undercontrolled conditions. iv) Due to cool atmosphere, the sweat Pyrethroids Flowers Insecticides
This is used for the patients who suffer from 1. Why is the right kidney lower than the left production is also reduced. Scopolamine Fruits, Sedative
kidney damage. kidney? v) Therefore as it is the only way to flowers
Efferent arteriole: The arteriole of renal A. The right kidney is lower than the left excrete excess water salt in winter
artery which is coming out of glomerulus is kidney due to the presence of the largest season excessive repeated urination i) Which parts of the plants are used as
called 'efferent arteriole'. digestive gland liver on the right side. occurs. alkaloids?
Haemodialysis: The process of purifying 2. Write the excretory organs for the 6. Observe the diagram and describe the A. Bark, leaves, flowers, seeds, stem
the blood of a person with damaged kidneys following animals. process of dialysis. etc.
by a dialysis machine is called a) Annelida b) Echinodermata Haemodialysis ii) What are the alkaloids which are used
'haemodialysis'. c) Protozoa d) Arthropoda Impure blood to control the diseases that occur in
Micturition: Elimination or excretion of A. a) Annelida-Nephridia plants?
enters Blood
pump
urine from urinary bladder is called 'micturit- b) Echinodermata-Water vascular system. Dialysate
with Dialyzer A. Nicotine and Pyrethroids.
ion'. This is due to action of sphincter muscles c) Protozoa-Simple diffusion impurities AV
fistula
iii)Name the parts of the plant from which
in the bladder. d) Arthropoda - Green glands, Malphigh- we get alkaloids used as sedative
Podocyte cells: A single layer of squa- ian tubules Dialysate
Impure
Purified
blood returns A. Fruits and flowers
mous epithelial cells lining the glomerulus in 3. Distinguish between primary and secon- enters
blood
from iv) Name the alkaloid which is used to
Bowman's capsule. dary metabolites. body prevent malaria.
Urochrome: The coloured pigment which Primary metabolites Purified blood exits
A. Quinine
gives amber colour to the urine. i) The bio-chemical substances which are
Dializing fluid: The fluid present in the required for normal growth and devel- A. i) Dialysis machine is
dialyzer apparatus of dialysis process. Nitro- opment are called 'primary metabolites'. used to filter the blood
genous wastes are absent in dialyzing fluids. ii) Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are the of a person when both
So it can help to remove nitrogenous wastes example of primary metabolites. kidneys are damaged.
from the blood easily there by purifying the Secondary metabolites The process is called
blood. i) The biochemical substances which are 'haemodialysis'.
Hilus: The concaved structure or a fissure not required for growth and developm- ii) In this process blood is
present in the inner side of the kidney is know ent are called 'secondary metabolites'. taken out from the
as Hilus. It is the point for the entry of a renal ii) Alkaloids, tannins, resins, gums, latex main artery, mixed
artery and exit of renal vein and ureter. etc., are the examples of secondary with an anticoagulant,
Hypertonic urine: The primary urine metabolites. such as heparin, and
from which 75% of water content is removed 4. Name different excretory organs in human then pumped into the
in the PCT is called 'hypertonic urine'. In the body and excretory material generated by apparatus called