NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA

Reg. No. : 13.7427/T

DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

E. MAIN PROPULSION DIESEL PLANT SYSTEM

Question No.1

In your note book you are to submit a description of each one of the systems listed below.
You are to number them in the order that they are shown above. After each description you
are to include the two sketches of that system (one finished ane one rough-done in the
engine room while tracing the system) the description of each system must include the
purpose of the system and. The purpose of each system must be major component you shall
include as much detail as you obtain about system. Such as line sizes pump capacity and
heat. Motor horsepower, heat exchanger duty. Etc, this information can be obtained from
equipment name plate, valves or fittings.

a. Starting air system

b. Main engine jacket water system
c. All salt water cooling system
d. Lube oil service system
e. Fuel oil purification system
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Answer No.1

a. Starting air components

-main starting valve
-starting air distributor
-starting valve

-Main starting valve

The main air starting valve is near posed in the starting air main pipe
The main air starting valve is consist of a large unit valve as well as a smaller ball
valve both valves are operated and usually have pneumatic actuators

-starting distributor
The starting distributor is fittet near the chain casing, the distributor consity of
housing, chain, wheel, shaft, distributor disc, closing disc and reversing disc

-Starting valve
The starting valve Is fitted on the cylinder cover it’s controlled by control air from
the starting air distributor

b. Main engine jacket water system

The fresh water is circulated through coolers and main engine by the cooling fresh
water pump through a branch at the auxiliary engine is provides at the outlet of the
cooler the thermostatic valve mixes cold and uncooled water in such propertions
that outlet water from main engine is 75 C*, and some part of the water go to the
expansion tank
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Continued answer no 1

c. Salt water system

Sea water come inside from sea chest , and strainer, suction from cooling sea water
pump and come inside to the fresh water central cooler , there is a kind of plate
cooler to cooling the fresh water that coming from main engine, after that the sea
water sent to overboard again

d. Lubricating system
From the main L.O sump tank the lube oil suction, and then the lube oil go to the
lube oil central cooler, the oil cooled by fresh water, and then the oil go to the L.O
auto filter or bypass filter, after that go through the L.O crosshead pump and then
come to the main engine, some part of the lube oil after that go back again to the l.o
sump tank , and some of the lube oil become sludge, go to the l.o sludge trap and
nded at s.b.o tank

e. Fuel oil service system

From the storage tank, f.o transferred to the settling tank and heated by steam or f.o
shifter system and then the f.o go through strainer before go to the purifier through
f.o puri pump, and then that f.o go to the h.fo purifier heater, after purified the f.o go
to the service tank, f.o feed pump, flowmeter, viscositymeter, indicator filter /
autofilter, f.o booster pump, after that go to the servo motor, high pressure rail ,
F.I.V at the end
f. Purpose purification system
To purified fuel oil from sludge water and dirt
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Drawing at the next page

NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.2

Investigate how each of the following is controlled

a. Start up of stand by lube oil pump

b. Jacket water temperature
c. Fuel oil temperature to the engine fuel injection pumps
d. Fuel oil pressure to the engine

Answer No.2

a. Start up of stand by lube oil pump

Before we start up the lo pump first step we ensure the lo purifier for m/e it was shut
at 2 hrs notice after that start also t/c lo pump next step main steam for heating t/c
LO system 40-50 celcius after 1 our notice

b. First time we must ensure m/e jacket cooling water pump is running and (maintain
jacket cooling water temp 50-50 celcius)

c. Fuel oil temp to engine fuel injection pumps. We should maintain f.o temperature
before fo in consumption by fuel injector we maintain 60-70 celcius in settling tank
and after purified before going to injector in the service tank is 80-90 degree celcius

d. Fuel oil pressure to the engine adjust the valve inlet system whinch permits the
circulation of the fuel oil
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.3

Write description of the steps required to perform each of the operations bellow.

a. Operation the main engine throttle control during maneuvering system

b. Operate the main engine from the local / manual maneuvering station
c. Main engine crankcase inspection
d. Remove a main engine fuel injector, replace with a reconditioned one
e. Secure a fuel oil purifier, clean and put back in service

Answer No.3

a. 1. Move the control selector from bridge control to central room control
2. answer the telegrap from the bridge if the bridge give position handle telegraph to
half head from full head engineer must be move handle telegraph to half head
3. adjust speed handle to half speed must be slowly
4. watch the ship speed indicator and rpm indicator

b. In case of depart in the pneumatic manouvering system, manouvering can be

effected direct on the engine. This is done by means of the emergency reversing and
emergency regulating handles which are attached to the engine set control selector
in position emergency

c. Main engine crank case inspection

- stop engine
- put turning gear
-block the starting mechanism
-shut off starting air supply
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Continous Answer No.3

-shut off lubrication oil

- do not open crankcase door at least ½ hour until the engine cools down
d. Remove main engine fuel injector

1. Close the fuel oil inlet and outlet, unscrew the union nut using the hook spanner
2. Loosen all the nut and bolt using spanner and hexagon socket + ratchet handle
3. Take out the F.I.V, use gooseneck bar if the F.I.V sticking because HFO
4. Clean the injector bore with brush and kerosene, check the bore
5. Fit the spring house and tighten
6. Check the fuel oil high pressure rail
7. Check the adjustmen of the high pressure rail
8. After assembly all , check the torque using torque wrench

e. Secure a fuel oil purifier, clean and put back in service

-Loosen clamp screw and lower clamping screw remove pin and support undo the
coupling nuts inlet and outlet piping at the rope support,
-unscrew inlet pipe using the special pin spanner and lift up the pipe
-Disconnect the oil outlet pipe and remove support , undo water outlet coupling nut
of connection housing
-Remove connecting housing and unscrew small lock ring using special spanner
-Remove top disc then screw inlet pipe in lower
-Pairing disc located in top disc and lift up bowl head after unscrew cap nut
-Lift up distributing cone using special tools, ease off bowl body which the position
in central screw of lifting tool. And remove bowl body using hoist, check damaged
part, corrosive part, clean the part
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

III. DIESEL ENGINE CONTUCTION OPERATION AND

MAINTENANCE

Question No. 1

Reading assignment and references :

A. Diesel engineering handbook

b. modern marine engineers manual book vol. 2

NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.2

Describe the main propulsion diesel installation aboard your vessel. Completely classify the
engine. (see osbourne ch.16 for classification). State make and model, speed and power
rating for the engine what was the speed and approximate power output of the engine at the
sea while you were aboard? Explain why engine was run at a slower speed and / or power
output than what it was rated at

Answer No.2

- Name of Engine: HANJUNG-MAN B&W 12K90MC-C

- Engine Type : KHIC-B&W 12K90MC-C (MARK 6)
 74.520 PS x 104 RPM AT MCR of M/E
 67.070 PS x 100.4 RPM AT NCR of M/E

- No of Cylinder : 12
- Piston Stoke : 2300 mm
- Layout of BHP : 74520
- Layout of RPM : 104
- Firing Order : 1 – 8 – 12 – 4 – 2 – 9 – 10 – 5 – 3 – 7– 11 – 6
- Rotational direction : clockwise
- Cylinder coefficient : 3.3157 (in bar & bhp)

Engine running at slow RPM around 60-80 rpm, this engine was 2 stroke , and can
running at 22 knot at Navigation Full ahead speed.
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.3

Prepare a detailed description of the steps required to start-up the main engine fuel oil
service system. Be sure to address the following in the description :

a. Correct position of the valves

b. Method of fuel recirculation and heating
c. Switching to heavy fuel oil operation

Answer No.3

a. Correct position of valve

F.O supply pump :
-Open suction v/v
-Open delivery v/v
-Open v/v of pressure control
Circl.Pump
-Open suc v/v &delivery v/v
should be regulated with a temperature rise of 2 degress celcius per minute , when
reach 60 celcius load is reduced to ¾ of normal and change to heavy fuel oil
b. Method of fuel oil recirculation and heating , the system at morking, the HFO
should be pre heated 95-95 degrees celcius before purifiers
c. Switching to heavy fuel operation the chang over is performed manually, before
hand the heavy fuel oil is heated 75 celcius in the tnak the marine diesel oil is
heated about 60 celcius in steam system manual control
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.4

Describe the maintenance program of the fuel injection system of the main engine. Include
what inspections and overhaul are made and the time schedule for doing repair, discuss the
procedure for testing and overhauling the fuel injector

Answer No.4

Maintenance program of fuel oil injection system

-Checking and adjustment of fuel oil pump laed
-Adjusment of fuel pump cam
-overhaul of fuel pump
-inspection of shock absorber
-overhaul of injector
-overhaul of fuel oil high pressure pipe

Normal Hours of service

-Checking and adjustment of fuel pump lead
8000 hours
-adjustment of fuel pump
16.000 Hours
-overhaul of fuel pump
32.000 hours
-inspection of shock absorber
8.000
-overhaul of injector
8.000 hours
-overhaul of fuel oil high pressure pipe
8.000 hours
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.5

Describe the equipment and procedures used in taking firing pressures and / or pressure
indicator diagrams on the main engine. Provide a sample of the readings and explain why
they are taken

Answer No.5

1. Procedure blown through by opening the indicator cock partially to release soot and
oil accumulate in the indicator bore and protect cock against burning
2. Before use the indicator should be hand warm by placing it on cylinder cover for
five minutes
3. With the indicator valve close trace the atmospheric line by perssing the stylis
against the peaper, while the drum is turned one or two times, manually
4. Record the connection to indicator drive and open the indicator cock and valve &
press the system
5. After release the card from the indicator drive. Make a timing in taking both
compression and maximum pressure on draw
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.6

Describe the chemical water treatment used on the fresh water cooling systems. Whats is
the objective of the treatment plan and what do the chemical actually do inside the system.

Answer No.6

In ship chemical water treatment used diesel guard, the objective of treatment plan are the
chloride and nitrire ingredients must be normal , the normal range of nitrite is equal or more
than 2240 ppm , the chloride normal range is between 20-100 ppm , because if the particle
abnormal can cause corrosion to main engine, chemical treatment used to keep water under
control from acid that can cause corrosion
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.7

Comment on the adequancy of the starting air system to supply ai to the main engine during
manouvering operations. If both starting air compressors fail during manouvering what
would be the proper procedure to follow , what would your estimate of how many starts
you had left?

Answer No.7

My comment about the starting air system to supply air for starting main engine during
manouvering operation, when manouvering operation vessel need high pressure air to start /
to increase rpm, we can get high pressure air from compressore air and we can keep high
pressure air in main air reservoir, with maximum pressure 30kg/cm2 we have to always
prepare the air , do not let the air reservoir empty.
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.8

Describe how the reversal of propeller thrust is obtained. If the engine is direct reversing,
describe the engine mechanisms that allow it to start up and run in the reverse direction. If a
controllable pitch propeller is installed, describe its systems and mechanism

Answer No.8

Move c/r manouvering handle from stop position to ahead position in one stroke e/r
reversing, handle to the maximum ahead position the camshaft transfer to a head (indicator
temp. at c/r manouvering stand e/r indicator lamp panel w/h manouvering stand come on
and when the transfer complete, the camshaft stop and engaged.
When stop
Return c/r manouvering handle to stop position
response action
e/r full handle return to stop position and the M/E become stop
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.9

Describe the lubricating oil purification equipment used for the main engine lube oil,
(filters, centrigugal separators,or combination). Include both operation and maintenance.

Answer No.9

Lubricating oil purification

Type : Boll autobackflusing

Backflusing metode the system start backwash the filter elements when the diferential
pressure between the inlet and outlet has reached up to the specific value (set point) . for
external are actuated when the diferential pressure has reached up to the set point value,
there is actuator , filter , motor in the autobackflusing filter
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.10

What are the crank web deflection readings and why are they important? How and when
are they taken aboard your ship ?

Answer No.10

Crank web deflection reading from checking deflection of the crankshaft crank pin piston

Important to know deflection of crankshaft because if not straight shape the performance of
propeller very not good and too much power waste, and very dangerous too for the ship

Procedure take crank shaft deflection

1. Place a dial gauge opposite the crank pin on the port side pointer to zero
2. Read the dial gauge at this following
BP – P – T – S –BS
= ½ (BP X BS)
3. Closing of the crank web is consider as negative crank shaft deflection in 6 months
at port
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.11

List and briefly describe all of the safety devices used to protect the main engine

Answer No.11

Shaft grounding = to grounding the electric current that produce from shaft rotation ,
grounded to the ship’s hull
Safety valve = this safety valve open when there is excessive pressure
Quick closing valve = close the fuel oil inlet line
Shutdown valve = quick to close a valve just pull the lever the valve rapidly close, this
valve for fuel oil service line
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.12

Give complete description of the main engine governor, including :

a. How does the governor react to steady increase in load placed on the engine ?
b. What happens inside the fuel injections pumps are the governor reacts to the
increase in load ?
c. Explain how draft, sea state, and rudder angle affect the load and the fluctuation of
the load on the main engine
d. Explain why its important to slow down in heavy seas

Answer No.12

a. Increasing the load on the primer mover at a given speed have an identical effection
either case, the flyweights move in ward. (underspeed) due. To either the increase in
speeder spring force, or to the decrease in speeder spring force. Or to the decrease in
centrifugal force caused by the decrease in primer mover speed as load. Is added the
movement of the fly weights is translated into a downward movement of the pilot
plunger this directs pressure oil into the buffer system causing the buffer piston
forces the power piston to move toward the power cylinder. The oil displaced by the
movement upwards in the increase direction.
b. Inside fuel injection pump will decrease amount fueal oil because the governor cut
off the additional fuel needed for acceleration by stopping the power . piston when
it has reached a point corresponding to that amount of fuel required for steady state
operation at the new load
c. When draft increase load to increase at sea state rough load increase as rudder
angle, increases load increases
d. To save fuel consumption and prevent damage of shaft and propeller
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.13

Describe the bridge, control room , and local control stations for the main engine.

a. Describe the capabilities of each one of these control stations. (what does bridge the
control allow you to do that is not available in the control room and vice versa?)
b. In emergency, can the main engine be started and run with no automation? How
much of the control system is absolutely required to run the engine?

Answer No.13

a. Bridge control
in position bridge control, reversing, starting and increase speed. Regulation are
controlled by the telegraph handle on the bridge
Control room control
in position c/r control the reversing is controlled by telegraph reply handle, while
starting and speed regulating are controlled by the regulating handle
local control stations
the positions only used if emergency situations , the working mechanism same like
control room control
b. Yes, main engine can be started and run with manual mode.
selection of engoine control, answer the telegraph move the reversing handle to the
desired direction of rotation, and move the regulating handle from stop to start
position, if the chamshaft is situated in wrong position the chamshaft first be
throught into the correct position by means of the reversing mechanism, following
which the main starting valve is vented through it’s master valve, and the engine
starts rotating on starting air, move the regulating handle forward when the T/C
tachemembers.
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

Question No.14

Explain the produce that should be following plant emergencies:

a. Low fuel oil pressure to the main engines

b. Serious fuel leak on the main engine fuel system
c. Excessive use of make up the water to various expansion tanks
d. High exhaust temperature from one cylinder
e. High exhaust temperature from all cylinders
f. Black smoke from stack
g. High engine cooling water outlet temperature
h. High engine bearing lube oil temperature
i. Crankcase explosion
j. During manouvering, the engine will not start in the reverse direction

Answer No.14

a. Low fuel oil pressure to the m/e can be happen because of dirty filter , so we have to
clean the filter
b. Check the leaky part of fuel oil system, when already find tight bolt , or if still
cannot we have to stop engine and repair
c. Find the leaky part and repair
d. Because clooged exhaust system , or dirty pipe of jacket cooling system
e. High exhaust temp. because engine is overloaded, or the t/c not cut in
f. Black smoke from stack full temp. too high if temperature going up / fuel load to
engine must be decrease
g. Check the lube oil central cooling system, maybe the filter dirty so the cooling
system not optimum
h. Dirty filters must be clean
NAME : DEAN FEBRY RAMADHANA
Reg. No. : 13.7427/T
DEPARTEMENT : TECHNICAL
SUBJECT : MARINE ENGINEERING
NAME (TYPE OF SHIP) : MV. HANJIN PARIS ( CONTAINER )

i. This possible maybe there is oil mist too much in the crankcase , or the oil mist
detector not working properly , we have to make sure the oil mist detecetor working
right so explosion of crankcase not happen, first we have to stop the engine to check
, and wait about 30 minutes before open the crankcase

Continous Answer No.14

j. Maybe the fuel nozzle clogged, so we have to change the fuel nozzle