Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ANZ-WI-P-2305 Rev. 0
0 Nov 2014 DR Nov 2014 JWP Nov 2014 Issued for ANZ Region
Copyright 2014 by Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. All rights reserved. The contents of this document are proprietary and produced for
the exclusive benefit of Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and its affiliated companies. No part of this document may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise, without the prior written approval of Jacobs Engineering Group Inc.
Page 1 of 9 407783001.doc
ANZ Work Instruction
ANZ-WI-P-2305 Rev. 0
CONTENTS
1. PURPOSE....................................................................................................................... 3
2. SCOPE............................................................................................................................ 3
3. ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES.......................................................................................3
5. FLEXIBILITY REVIEW....................................................................................................4
5.1 General....................................................................................................................... 4
5.2 Method........................................................................................................................ 4
6. PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS..............................................................................................6
Page 2 of 9 407783001.doc
ANZ Work Instruction
ANZ-WI-P-2305 Rev. 0
1. PURPOSE
To provide acceptable methods for use by Piping Designers, that will achieve an
economic layout by using the minimum pipe and fittings in the design, necessary
to provide adequate piping flexibility.
2. SCOPE
This document applies to all piping design work undertaken by Piping Design
Group for chemical and hydrocarbon plant.
The scope of this procedure is simple ‘rule of thumb’ calculations that provide
good indications of when a rigorous analysis is required. The method outlined
shall not be considered as formal calculations and shall not relieve the piping
stress engineer of their responsibilities.
The designer shall only use the methods outlined in this procedure for reviewing
pipelines and shall not apply any other criteria from alternative sources or
design guides without consulting the pipe stress engineer.
3. ASSOCIATED PROCEDURES
Copies of these standard drawings may be obtained from Jacobs Intranet site.
Page 3 of 9 407783001.doc
ANZ Work Instruction
ANZ-WI-P-2305 Rev. 0
5. FLEXIBILITY REVIEW
5.1 General
It is the joint responsibility of the Piping Designer and the Piping Stress Engineer
to provide adequate piping flexibility during the development of piping design.
5.2 Method
Design temperature shall be obtained from the Piping Line List. The Designer
shall take into account operational cases such as when one pump is in service
and hot while the standby pump is shut down, or a cold bypass around a hot
valve. Short-term operational cases such as ‘steam out’ shall be discussed with
the Stress Engineer.
Page 4 of 9 407783001.doc
ANZ Work Instruction
ANZ-WI-P-2305 Rev. 0
When routing pipes, the designer should take surrounding structures into
consideration, so that the piping may be adequately supported without
unnecessary addition of support structures.
The Stress Engineer shall be consulted for expansion data on other materials.
The temperature differential is the difference between the site ambient and the
design temperature. Site ambient temperature will be defined in the project
procedures. If this temperature is not defined, 20°C shall be used.
Page 5 of 9 407783001.doc
ANZ Work Instruction
ANZ-WI-P-2305 Rev. 0
The Designer and the Stress Engineer are to consult with the Structural
Engineer to decide the location of Anchor bays.
Bays will also be nominated for the location of guides (based on guidelines
given in Standard ANZ-DR-P-5100), where guides should be located, if
practicable
The Designer shall be responsible for the initial design and location of anchors
and restraints, based on these guidelines and his knowledge and experience.
6. PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS
Two preliminary stress analysis methods are described below (6.1 and 6.2),
together with a checking mechanism for expansion loops. The most appropriate
method of analysis shall be chosen depending on the configuration of the pipe.
It indicates only that the stress in the pipe is acceptable and does not give
information about the terminal loads.
It is only valid when the ends consist of straight pipe, either anchored or
connected to a flanged joint. If one of the ends consists of a Tee, the
nomograph method needs adjustment to consider the stress intensification
at the Tee.
It assumes right angle (non radiused) square corners. This will not
produce significant error in piping and conventional long radius welded
elbows. However, the nomograph is not applicable for systems with radius
greater than 1.5D.
Page 6 of 9 407783001.doc
ANZ Work Instruction
ANZ-WI-P-2305 Rev. 0
Enter at Column 1 with expansion Leg L1 (longer leg) and connect with a
straight line to the design temperature in Column 2.
Project this line Column 5 and read off required leg length L2 (shorter leg).
The stress in the pipe will be acceptable if the nomograph shows that the
deflection of the longer leg can be absorbed by the shorter leg.
The thermal deflection should generally be limited to about 50mm. In areas with
available space, this limit may be increased up to about 100mm. Restraints and
expansion loops may be necessary to control the amount of thermal movement.
Expansions of less than 1mm shall be ignored.
It should be noted that items of equipment will also expand thermally both in the
axial and the transverse direction. This expansion shall be considered in the
layout of both hot, cold and ambient temperature lines. For example, a
compressed air line running up a hot column could be subject to the thermal
expansion of the column, even though the line itself is operating at ambient
temperature.
This equation may be used where the piping system is single plane, of uniform
size, has no more than two points of fixation and no intermediate restraints.
Page 7 of 9 407783001.doc
ANZ Work Instruction
ANZ-WI-P-2305 Rev. 0
c
y
Example:
a = 2m b = 3m c = 2m Dia. = 88.9 mm
L = a + b + c= 7m
U = 5m (Pythagaoras)
y = U x expansion rate for 1200C (refer para 6.2.3)
= 5.0 x 1.6
= 8mm
Hence,
88.9 x 8
(7 – 5)2 = 178 < 200
Therefore line is acceptable
Page 8 of 9 407783001.doc
ANZ Work Instruction
ANZ-WI-P-2305 Rev. 0
Figure 1
Using half the length between actual anchors as the expansion leg L1 then the
loop width L2 can be evaluated from the stress nomograph. This loop width will
probably be conservative because no credit is being allowed for the elbow
flexibility of the torsion of vertical legs (if installed). For preliminary
arrangements, square expansion loops are to be used, and lateral guides shall
not be positioned within 40 diameters of the loop corners.
Page 9 of 9 407783001.doc