12

1. We have,| A| = 5 1 t−n +1
∴ I=∫ dt = +C
(t )n
−n+1
1
We know that,| A− 1 | = | A|− 1 = (5)−1 =
5 (1) (log x )1 − n
= +C [Q t = log x ] (1)
1− n
2. Q A, B and C are the vertices of a ∆ABC.
5. Given differential equation is
dy
+ y tan x − sec x = 0
dx (1)
dy
⇒ + tan x y = sec x
dx
dy
(1/2) Which is of the form of + Py = Q.
dx
By using law of vector addition, we get
Here, P = tan x and Q = sec x
→ → →
AB + BC = AC Now, Integrating Factor (IF) = e ∫
Pdx
= e∫
tan x dx
→ → →
⇒ AB + BC = − CA = e log |sec x|
= sec x (1)
→ → → →
⇒ AB + BC + CA = 0 (1/2) → →
6. Let a = 2 i$ + $j and b = i$ + 2 $j (1)
3. Let the side of triangle be a. → →
da ∴ Projection of vector a and b
Given, = 2 cm/s → →
dt a⋅b (2 i$ + $j ) ⋅ (i$ + 2 $j ) 2+2 4
= = = =
Now, area of equilateral triangle having side a, →
(1) + (2 )
2 2 5 5 (1)
|b|
2
3a
A=
4 7. LHS = ( AB)2 = ( AB)( AB) [where, AB = BA]
On differentiating both sides w.r.t. t, we get then we can write
dA 3 da ( AB)2 = A ⋅ A B ⋅ B = A2 B 2
= ⋅ (2 a)
dt 4 dt ∴ ( AB)2 = A2 B 2 , when AB = BA (2)
da
On putting = 2 cm/s and a = 10 cm, we get
dt 8. We have, x16 y 9 = ( x 2 + y )17
dA 3 Taking log on both sides, we get
= × 2 × 10 × 2 = 10 3 cm 2 /s
dt 4 (1) 16 log x + 9 log y = 17 log ( x 2 + y )
1
4. Let I = ∫ dx On differentiating w.r.t. x, we get
x(log x )n
16 9 dy 17  dy 
+ ⋅ = 2 x + 
Put t = log x x y dx x 2 + y  dx  (1)
1
⇒ dt = dx 9 dy 17 dy 34 x 16
x ⇒ ⋅ − ⋅ = −
y dx x 2 + y dx x 2 + y x
 dy  9 x 2 + 9 y − 17 y  34 x 2 − 16 x 2 − 16 y 12. We have,
⇒  =
dx  y( x 2 + y )  x( x 2 + y )

dy  9 x 2 − 8 y  18 x 2 − 16 y
⇒   =
dx  y( x 2 + y ) x( x 2 + y ) 5 white 7 white 6 white
dy 2 y 8 red 6 red 5 red
⇒ =
dx x Bag A Bag B Bag C
dy (1)
⇒ x = 2y Hence proved. (1) Now, P(all 3 balls are of same colour)
dx
5 7 6 8 6 5 210 240 450
 d 2 y
3
= × × + × × = + =
4 2  13 13 11 13 13 11 1859 1859 1859
 dx  d 3y (1)
9. Given, + = x2 − 1
d 3y dx 3 13. Let the amount deposited in the saving bank account
dx 3 with interest rate 5% = x, the amount deposited in the
 d y
2 3
 d y 3 2
 d y 3 saving bank account with interest rate 8% = y and the
⇒ 4  2  +  3  = ( x 2 − 1)  3  amount deposited in the saving bank account with
 dx   dx   dx  (1) 17
interest rate % = z.
∴ Order of differential equation (m) = 3 2 (1)
and degree of differential equation (n ) = 2 (1) According to the question,
x + y + z = 7000
10. Let x = 25. Now, x + ∆x = 25.1 5 8 17
⇒ ∆x = 25.1 − 25 ⇒ ∆x = 0.1 ⇒ x+ y+ = 550
100 100 200
1 dy −1
Again, let y = ⇒ = ⇒ x= y⇒x− y=0
x dx 2 x 3 / 2
These equations can be expressed as AX = B
 dy  −1 1
⇒   = =− = − 0.004  1 1 1 
 dx  x = 25 3
where A = 5/ 100 8/ 100 17 / 200 ,
250
2(25)2 (1)  
 1 −1 0 
 dy 
Also, ∆y =   (∆x ) = (− 0.004)(0.1)
 dx  x = 25  x 7000 
X =  y  and B =  550 
= − 0.0004    
 z   0 
1
⇒ = y + ∆y (1/2)
25.1  17   17   − 13
∴ | A| = 1   − 1−  + 1 
1 1  200   200   100 
= + (− 0.0004) = − 0.0004
x 25 17 + 17 − 26 8
= = ≠0
1 200 200
= − 0.0004 = 0.2 − 0.0004
5 So, A is non-singular matrix and inverse exists.
1 8/ 100 17 / 200 17
∴ = 0.1996 ∴ A11 = (−1)1+ 1 = ,
25.1 (1) −1 0 200
11. Given equation of curve is 2 y = ax + b 2 2
…(i) 5 17
17
A12 = (−1)1+ 2 100 200 = ,
On differentiating Eq. (i) w.r.t. x., we get 1 0 200
dy dy 2 ax 5 8
4y = 2 ax ⇒ = −13
dx dx 4 y A13 = (−1)1+ 3 100 100 = ,
1 −1 100
∴ Slope of tangent at point (1, − 1) is − 1.
dy 2 ax 1 1 1 1
∴ = −1 ⇒ = −1 A21 = (−1)2 + 1 = −1, A22 = (−1)2 + 2 = −1,
dx 4y (1) −1 0 1 0
2 a(1) a
At point (1, − 1), = −1 ⇒ = −1 ⇒ a=2 1 1
4 (− 1) −2 A23 = (−1)2 + 3 = 2,
1 −1
On putting the value of ain Eq. (i) and point(1, − 1), we get
1 1 1
2(− 1)2 = 2(1)2 + b ⇒ 2 = 2 + b ⇒ b = 0 (1) A31 = (−1)3 + 1 8 17 = ,
200
100 200
 1 1 −7  a cos x − b sin x 
A32 = (−1)3 + 2 5 17 = , 15. Let y = tan − 1  
200  b cos x + a sin x 
100 200
 a 
1 1 3  − tan x 
A33 = (−1)3 + 3 5 8 = ⇒ y = tan −1
 b 
100  1 + a tan x 
100 100
 b  (1)
 17 1 
 200 − 1 200  −1  a −1
 17 ⇒ y = tan   − tan (tan x )
−7   b (1)
Now, adj ( A) =  −1 
 200 200   a  π π
⇒ y = tan − 1   − x Q − 2 < x < 2 
 −13 2 3   b
 100 100  (1/2) (1)
 17 1 
⇒
dy
= 0 − 1= − 1
 200 − 1 200  dx (1)
 
1 200  17 −7
∴ A− 1 = adj ( A) = −1 −1
16. LHS = cot 7 + cot −1
8 + cot 18 −1
| A| 8  200 200 
−1 1 −1 1 1
 − 13 3  = tan + tan + tan − 1 (1)
 2  7 8 18
 100 100 
 −1 − 1  1 
 17 1  Q cot x = tan  x  
200 − 1 200   
  7000   1 1 
−7
550 
−1 200  17 +
∴ X= A B= −1   1
8 200 200    = tan −1
 7 8  + tan − 1
 − 13 3   0  1 1
1− ×  18
 2   7 8 (1)
 100 100 
 9000   15 
 
  = tan  56  + tan − 1
−1 1
45  8  1125  56 − 1
200    9000     18
= 45 = = 1125   56 
8    8   
45  38000  4750   15 
    1
 8  = tan   + tan −1
− 1 56
(1/2)
 55  18
∴ Amount deposited in the saving bank with interest rate  56 
5% = ` 1125 (1/2)  3  1
= tan − 1   + tan − 1  
Amount deposited in the saving bank with interest rate  11  18 (1)
8% = ` 1125 (1/2)  3 1   54 + 11
 +   
11 × 18 
Amount deposited in the saving bank with interest rate = tan −1
 11 18  = tan −1 
17
% = ` 4750 1− 3 1
×   198 − 3 
  
2 (1/2) 11 18   11 × 18 
Value Habit of saving makes individual self dependent  65  − 1  1
= tan − 1  −1
 = tan   = cot 3
and nation uses it for betterment of the country as well as  195  3
its people.
= RHS Hence proved.(1)
3 4 4 3 36
14. We have, f ( x ) = x − x − 3x 2 + x + 11
10 5 5 17. Let I=∫ x 2x
(1 + log x ) dx
12 3 12 2 36 6
∴ f ′( x ) = x − x − 6x + = ( x − 1)( x + 2 )( x − 3) du
10 5 5 5 (1/2) Put u = x2 x ⇒ = 2 x 2 x (log ( x ) + 1)
dx
f ( x ) = 0 ⇒ x = 1, − 2, 3
du
− + − + ⇒ = x 2 x (1 + log x ) dx
2 (2)
–∞ –2 +1 3 +∞ (1½) du 1
I=∫
2 2∫
∴Intervals are (−∞, − 2 ), (−2, 1), (1, 3) and (3, ∞ ). ∴ = du

Q f ′( x ) > 0 for (−2, 1) ∪ (3, ∞ ) (1/2) 1 u

= (u ) + C = + C
f ( x ) is strictly increasing in (−2, 1) and (3, ∞ ). 2 2
Q f ′( x ) < 0 for (−∞, − 2 ) and (1, 3) x2 x
⇒ I= +C
f ( x ) is strictly decreasing in (−∞, − 2 ) and (1, 3). (1½) 2 (2)
 π/2 →
19. Given, a = 3i$ + 2 $j + 2 k$
18. Let I= ∫ log (sin x ) dx ...(i)
0 →
and b = i$ + 2 $j − 2 k$
π/2
 π  → →
∴ I= ∫ log sin  − x  dx
  2 
∴ a + b = (3i$ + 2 $j + 2 k$ ) + (i$ + 2 $j − 2 k$ ) = 4i$ + 4 $j
0 (1) → →
π/2 a − b = (3i$ + 2 $j + 2 k$ ) − (i$ + 2 $j − 2 k$ ) = 2 i$ + 4k$ (1)
= ∫ log (cos x ) dx ...(ii) → →
Let the vector c be perpendicular to ( a + b ) and ( a − b ).
→ → →
0
→ → → → →
On adding Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get (1) ∴ c = ( a + b) × ( a − b)
π/2
i$ $j k$
2I = ∫ {log(sin x ) + log(cos x )} dx
0 = 4 4 0 = i$(16 − 0 ) − $j (16 − 0 ) + k$(0 − 8)
π/2
2 0 4
= ∫ (log(sin x ⋅ cos x )) dx
0 = 16i$ − 16 $j − 8 k$
π/2
 2 sin x cos x  → → → →
= ∫ log 
 2
 dx

∴Unit vector perpendicular to ( a + b ) and ( a − b ) (1)
0
→
π/2 π/2 c 16i$ − 16 $j − 8k$
= =
⇒ 2I = ∫ log(sin 2 x ) dx − ∫ log 2 dx ...(iii) →
|c | (16)2 + (− 16)2 + (− 8)2
0 0

2 x = t ⇒ 2dx = dt ⇒ dx =
1 16i$ − 16 $j − 8 k$ 16i$ − 16 $j − 8 k$
Put dt (1) = =
2 256 + 256 + 64 576
π
When x = 0, then t = 0 and x = , then t = π 8(2 i$ − 2 $j − k$ ) 2 i$ − 2 $j − k$
2 = =
24 3
From Eq. (iii),
π/2 π 2$ 2$ 1$
1 = i − j − k
Now, ∫ log (sin 2 x ) dx = ∫ 2 (log (sin t )) dt 3 3 3
(2)
0 0
π/2 π/2 20. Cartesian equation of a line passing through the points
2
=
2 ∫ [log (sin t )] dt = ∫ log(sin t ) dt = I B(0, − 1, 3) and C(2, − 3, 1) is
0 0 x − x1 y − y1 z − z1
From Eq. (iii), we get = =
x2 − x1 y2 − y1 z2 − z1
π/2
x−0 y+1 z−3
2I = I − ∫ log 2 dx ⇒ = =
0 2 − 0 − 3 + 1 1− 3 (1)
π
⇒ I = [− log (2 ) x ]π0 / 2 = − log 2 x y+1 z−3
2 (1) ⇒ = =
2 −2 −2
Or
Now, let ‘L’ be the foot of the perpendicular from the point
sin x + cos x
6
(sin 2 x )3 + (cos 2 x )3 dx
6
Let I = ∫ 2 2
dx = ∫ A(1, 8, 4) to the given line.
sin x cos x sin 2 x cos 2 x (1)
The coordinates of the point L on the line BC is given by
x y+1 z−3
(sin 2 x + cos 2 x ) (sin 4 x − sin 2 x cos 2 x + cos 4 x ) = = =λ
=∫ dx 2 −2 −2
sin 2 x cos 2 x
⇒ x = 2λ, y = − 2 λ − 1, z = − 2 λ + 3
(1) (1)
4 4
=∫
sin x
dx + ∫
cos x
dx ∴DR’s of AL is
sin 2 x cos 2 x sin 2 x cos 2 x (2 λ − 1), (− 2 λ − 1 − 8), (− 2 λ − 3 − 4)
sin 2 x cos 2 x i.e. (2 λ − 1), (− 2 λ − 9) (− 2 λ − 1)
−∫ dx
sin 2 x ⋅ cos 2 x Q DR’s of given lines are proportional to (2, − 2, − 2 ).
= ∫ tan 2 x dx + ∫ cot x dx − ∫ 1 dx
2
Since, AL is perpendicular to the given line BC.
(1)
∴ a1a2 + b1b2 + c1c 2 = 0
= ∫ (sec 2 x − 1) dx + ∫ (cosec
2
x − 1) dx − ∫ 1 dx
i.e 2(2 λ − 1) + (−2 ) (−2 λ − 9) + (−2 ) (− 2 λ − 1) = 0
= ∫ sec 2 x dx + ∫ cosec
2
x dx − 3∫ dx ⇒ 4λ − 2 + 4λ + 18 + 4λ + 2 = 0 (1)

= tan x − cot x − 3 x + C (1) ⇒ 12 λ + 18 = 0

 − 18 − 3 P (introducing a new product if the second group wins)
⇒ λ= =
12 2  A
 − 3 = P   = 0.3
⇒ 2λ − 1 = 2   − 1= − 3 − 1 = − 4  E2  (1)
 2 
Now, using Baye’s theorem, we get
 − 3
⇒ − 2λ − 9 = − 2   − 9= 3− 9= − 6  A
 2  P(E2 ) P  
E   E2 
 3 P 2  =
⇒ − 2λ − 1 = − 2  −  − 1 = 3 − 1 = 2  A  A  A
 2 (1) P(E1 ) P   + P(E2 ) P  
 E1   E2  (1)
Hence, the coordinates are (− 4, − 6, 2 ).
0.3 × 0.4
21. Let p = Probability of success =
(0.3) (0.4) + (0.7) (0.6)
and q = Probability of failure (2) 0.012 0.012 2
= = =
Then, 9 P( X = 4) = P( X = 2 ) 0.012 + 0.042 0.054 9 (1)
9 C4 p q = C2 p q ⇒ 9 p = q
6 4 2 6 2 4 2 2
23. Given differential equation is
∴ q=3p  2  y 
1  x sin  x  − y  dx + x dy = 0
Also, p + q = 1⇒ p + 3P = 1⇒ p =  
4 (2)
 y
y − x sin 2  
Or dy  x
⇒ = ...(i)
2 1 dx x
Probability of getting 1 or 2 or die = P1 = = .
6 3  y
y − x sin 2  
1 2  x
Probability of not getting 1 or 2 = P2 = 1 − = . Let F( x, y ) =
3 3 x (1)
Bag A(4 black balls and 6 red) → 10 balls. (1)  λy 
λy − λx sin 2  
C1 × 6C1 4  λx 
P(a red and a black ball) = PA = 10 Then, F(λx, λy ) =
C2 λx
2 × 4× 6 8   y 
= = λ  y − x sin 2   
  x 
10 × 9 15 = = λ0 F( x, y )
λx (1)
Bag B (7 black balls and 3 red) → 10 balls (1)
dy
C1 × 3C1
7 So, = F( x, y ) is a homogeneous differential equation.
P (a red ball and a black ball) = PB = 10
dx
C2 dy dv
Put y = vx and =v+ x in Eq. (i), we get
2 ×7 × 3 7 dx dx
= =
10 × 9 15  vx 
vx − x sin 2  
Hence, required probability dv  x
v+ x =
dx x
= (1 or 2 occurs AND balls are selected from bag A) (1)
dv dv
or (1 or 2 doesn’t occurs AND balls are selected from ⇒ v+ x = v − sin (v ) ⇒ x
2
= − sin 2 (v )
dx dx
bag B)
dx
= P1 × PA + P2 × PB ⇒cosec 2 v dv = −
x (1)
1 8 2 7
= × + × On integrating both sides, we get
3 15 3 15
dx
∫ cosec v + ∫ x = 0
8 14 22 2
= + =
45 45 45 (1)
⇒ − cot v + log| x | = C
22. Let E1 be the event that the first group wins, P(E1 ) = 0.6,  y  y
⇒ − cot   + log| x | = C put v = x  ...(ii)
E2 be the event that the second group wins. P(E2 ) = 0.4  x
and A be the event where a new product in introduced P π
(introducing a new product, if the first group wins) Also given that y = , when x = 1
4
 A π
= P   = 0.7 (1) ∴ − cot + log| 1| = C ⇒ C = − 1 + 0 ⇒ C = − 1.
 E1  4
So, the required particular solution is Hence, the particular solution of the given differential
 y equation is
− cot   + log| x | = − 1 1
 x
y
 y = 3
⇒ 1 + log| x | − cot   = 0. y + 2 x x2
 x (1) y 1
⇒ = 2
Or y + 2 x 3x
Given differential equation x 2dy + y( x + y )dx = 0 can be ⇒ 3x 2 y = y + 2 x (1)
written as x 2dy + ( xy + y 2 ) dx = 0
24. We have a mapping f : R + → [4, ∞)given by f ( x ) = x 2 + 4.
⇒ x 2dy = − ( xy + y 2 ) dx
dy  yx + y 2  To prove f is invertible. (1)
⇒ =− 
dx  x2  For f to be one-one
dy  y  y
2
Let x1, x2 ∈ R + be any arbitrary elements, such that
⇒ = −   −  ...(i)
dx  x  x f ( x1 ) = f ( x2 ) (1)
dy  y ⇒ x12 + 4= x22 +4 ⇒ x12 − x22 =0
which is a homogeneous, as = f  .
dx  x (1)
⇒ ( x1 − x2 ) ( x1 + x2 ) = 0
dy dv
On putting y = vx and =v+ x in Eq. (i), we get ⇒ x1 − x2 = 0 [Q x1 + x2 ≠ 0 as x1, x2 ∈ R + ]
dx dx
dv ⇒ x1 = x2
v+ x = − v − v2
dx So, f is one-one. (1)
dv
⇒ x = − 2v − v 2 For f to be onto
dx
Let y ∈ [4, ∞ ) be any arbitrary element and let y = f ( x )
1 1
⇒ dv = − dx Then, y = x2 + 4
2v + v 2
x
1 1 x2 = y − 4
⇒ dv = − dx
v(2 + v ) x x2 ± y−4
2 1 +
Q x ∈ R , therefore x ≠ − y − 4.
⇒ dv = − dx
2 v( 2 + v ) x
Now, x = y − 4 ∈ R+ (1)
1 1 1  1
⇒  −  dv = − dx
2  v v + 2 x (1) [Q 4 ≤ y < ∞ ⇒ 0 ≤ y − 4 < ∞ ⇒ 0 ≤ y − 4 < ∞]

1 1 1 1 1 Thus, for each y ∈ [4, ∞ ), there exist x = y − 4 ∈ R + such

2∫ v
⇒ dv − ∫ dv = − ∫ dx + log C that f ( x ) = y
2 v+2 x
1 1 So, f is onto. (1)
⇒ log| v | − log| v + 2 | = − |log x| + log C
2 2 ⇒ f is invertible and inverse of f is given by
1 v C f −1:[4, ∞ ] → R + , defined as
⇒ log = log
2 v+2 x f − 1( y ) = y − 4 Hence proved. (1)
2
v C v  C Or
⇒ log = 2 log ⇒ = 
v+2 x v + 2  x  (1)
The given relation is S = {(a, b) :| a − b| is divisible by 4,
y where a, b ∈ A}
2
x  C  y
⇒ =  put v = x  and A = { x : x ∈ Z and 0 ≤ x ≤ 12}
y  x
+2 Now, A can be written as
x
2 A = { 0, 1, 2, 3, ..., 12} (1/2)
y  C
⇒ = 
y + 2x  x Reflexive For any x ∈ A, we have | x − x | = 0, which is
It is given that y = 1, when x = 1. divisible by 4.
1  C 1
2 ⇒ ( x, x ) ∈ S , ∀ x ∈ A
∴ =   ⇒ = C2
1+ 2  1  3 So, S is reflexive. (1)
 Symmetric For any ( x, y ) ∈ S , we have| x − y | is divisible ⇒ BD = r 2 − x 2
by 4. [using definition of given relation]
∴ BC = 2 BD = 2 r 2 − x 2
⇒ | x − y | = 4λ for some λ ∈ N
⇒ | y − x | = 4λ for some λ ∈ N Also, AD = AO + OD = r + x. (1/2)

⇒ ( y, x ) ∈S Let A denote the area of ∆ABC.

Q We have shown that ( x, y ) ∈ S . 1
Then, A = (BC × AD )
2
⇒ ( y, x ) ∈ S , ∀ x, y ∈ A
1
So, S is symmetric. (1) ⇒ A = × 2 r 2 − x 2 × (r + x )
2
Transitive For any ( x, y ) ∈S and ( y, z ) ∈S , we have
⇒ A = (r + x ) r 2 − x 2
| x − y | is divisible by 4 and| y − z | is divisible by 4.
dA x(r + x )
[using definition of given relation] ⇒ = r 2 − x2 −
dx r 2 − x2
⇒ | x − y | = 4λ and| y − z | = 4µ for some λ,µ ∈ N
[differentiating w.r.t. x]
⇒ ( x − y ) = ± 4λ and ( y − z ) = ± 4µ (1)
dA r 2 − rx − 2 x 2
Now, ( x − z ) = ( x − y ) + ( y − z ) = (± 4λ) + (± 4µ) ⇒ =
dx r 2 − x2
= ± 4(λ + µ)
dA
⇒| x − z | is divisible by 4. The critical numbers of A are given by = 0.
dx
⇒ ( x, z ) ∈ S
dA r 2 − rx − 2 x 2
Q We have shown that ( x, y ) ∈ S and ( y, z ) ∈ S ∴ =0 ⇒ =0
dx r 2 − x2 (1)
⇒ ( x, z ) ∈ S , ∀ x, y, z ∈ A
So, S is transitive. (2) ⇒ (r − 2 x ) (r + x ) = 0 [Qr + x ≠ 0]
r
Since, S is reflexive, symmetric and transitive, so it is an ⇒ r −2x = 0 ⇒ x =
equivalence relation. 2
Now, set of all elements related to 4, dA r 2 − rx − 2 x 2
Now, =
[4] = { x ∈ A : 4Rx} dx r 2 − x2
= { x ∈ A :| 4 − x | is divisible by 4} (1/2) d 2 A (− r − 4 x ) (r 2 − rx − 2 x 2 )x
⇒ = +
= { 0, 4, 8, 12} dx 2 r 2 − x2 (r 2 − x 2 )3 / 2
(1/2)
25. Let ABC be a triangle inscribed in a given circle with
[differentiating both sides w.r.t. x]
centre O and radius r.
 d 2 A
The area of the triangle will be maximum if its vertex A ⇒  2 = −2 3 < 0
 dx  x = r
opposite to the base BC is at a maximum distance from 2
the base BC. This is possible only when A lies on the r
diameter perpendicular to BC. Thus, AD ⊥ BC. So, ∆ABC Thus, A is maximum when x = .
2 (1)
must be an isoscele triangle. Let OD = x. (1)
∴ BD = r − x 2 2
A
3r
⇒ BD =
2 (1/2)
r
In right angled ∆ODB,
r r 3r
θ xθ BD
tan θ = ⇒ tan θ = 2 = 3 ⇒ θ = 60 °
B C OD r
D
2
∴ ∠BAC = θ = 60 °
Applying Pythagoras theorem in right angled ∆ODB,
we get But AB = AC. Therefore, ∠B = ∠C = 60 °. Thus, we
obtain ∠A = ∠B = ∠C = 60 °.
OB = OD + BD
2 2 2
Hence, A is maximum when ABC is an equilateral
⇒ r 2 = x 2 + BD 2 (1/2) triangle. Hence proved.(1)
 5 1 3 3
26. Given lines are = (12 ) − 5 (2 ) + 9 (2 ) − (20 ) − (32 ) + (4)
4 2 8 2
5
y= x−5 ...(i) = 15 − 10 + 18 − 10 − 12 + 6
2
= | 39 − 32 |
x+ y=9 ...(ii)
3 3 = 7 sq units (1)
and y= x − ...(iii)(1/2)
4 2 27. Given points are A(3, − 1, 2 ), B(5, 2, 4) and C(− 1, − 1, 6).
For finding the points of intersection, we solve in pairs.
Now, equation of plane passing through A, B and C is
On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get x − x1 y − y1 z − z1
Coordinates of C = (4, 5) given by x2 − x1 y2 − y1 z2 − z1 = 0
On solving Eqs. (ii) and (iii), we get x3 − x1 y3 − y1 z3 − z1 (1)
Coordinates of B = (6, 3) (1)
x−3 y+1 z −2
On solving Eqs. (i) and (iii), we get
⇒ 5− 3 2 + 1 4−2 = 0
Coordinates of A = (2, 0 )
− 1− 3 − 1+ 1 6 − 2 (2)
Y
x − 3 y + 1 z −2
10
⇒ 2 3 2 =0
9
−4 0 4 (1)
8
Expanding along R1, we get
7
y=5/2 x–5 ( x − 3) (12 − 0 ) − ( y + 1) (8 + 8) + ( z − 2 ) (0 + 12 ) = 0
6 ⇒ 12 x − 36 − 16 y − 16 + 12 z − 24 = 0
5 C (4, 5) ⇒ 12 x − 16 y + 12 z = 76

y=3/4 x–3/2
⇒ 3 x − 4 y + 3 z = 19
4
Now, distance of the point (6, 5, 9) from the plane (i) is
3 B (6, 3)
3(6) − 4(5) + 3(9) − 19
2 d =
32 + 42 + 32 (1)
1
A (2, 0) N (4, 0) M (9, 0) 18 − 20 + 27 − 19
D
X′ X =
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9 + 16 + 9
6
y=9 –x =
34
6
Y′ (1/2) = units
34 (1)
∴ Required area = Area of ∆ANC
Or
+ Area of quadrilatiral NCBD − Area of ∆ABM (1)
4 6 6
Consider the lines
= ∫ ( line AC )dx + ∫ (line BC )dx − ∫ (line AB)dx
→
r = 3i$ + 2 i$ − 4k$ + λ (i$ + 2 $j + 2 k$ ) …(i)
2 4 2 (1) →
4 6 6 and r = 5i$ − 2 $j + µ(3i$ + 2 $j + 6k$ ) …(ii)
5  3 3
= ∫  x − 5 dx + ∫ (9 − x ) dx − ∫  4 x − 2 dx → →
2  Here, a1 = 3i$ + 2 $j − 4k$, b1 = i$ + 2 $j + 2 k$
2 4 2
→ →
 5 x2  
4 6 6 and a 2 = 5i$ − 2 $j , b 2 = 3i$ + 2 $j + 6k$
x2   3 x2 3 
= ⋅ − 5 x  + 9 x −  − ⋅ − x → →
2 2 2  2 4  4 2 2 2 ∴ a 2 − a1 = 5i$ − 2 $j − 3i$ − 2 $j + 4k$
5 24 1 3 3 = 2 i$ − 4 $j + 4k$
= [ x ]2 − 5 [ x ]42 + 9 [ x ]64 − [ x 2 ]64 − [ x 2 ]62 + [ x ]62
4 2 8 2 i$ $j k$
(1) → →
5 1 and b1 × b 2 = 1 2 2 = 8i$ − 4k$
= (16 − 4) − 5 (4 − 2 ) + 9 (6 − 4) − [36 − 16]
4 2 3 2 6
(1)
3 3
− (36 − 4) + (6 − 2 ) → → → →
8 2 Consider ( a 2 − a1 )⋅ ( b1 × b 2 ) = 16 − 16 =0
 → → → →
As ( a 2 − a1 )⋅ ( b1 × b 2 = 0
→ → 100
⇒ Lines are intersecting (coplanar and b1 ≠ b 2 )
General point on line (i) is 90
→
r = (3 + λ ) i$ + (2 + 2 λ ) $j + (−4 + 2 λ ) k$ …(iii) (1) 80 (0, 80)

General point on line (ii) is 70

→
r = (5 + 3 µ ) i$ + (−2 + 2µ ) $j + 6µ k$ …(iv) 60
If Eqs. (iii) and (iv) represent same point
C (0, 50) 50
3 + λ = 5 + 3µ ⇒ λ − 3µ = 2 …(v)
40
2 + 2 λ = −2 + 2µ
30
⇒ 2 λ − 2µ = −4 …(vi)
B (30, 20)
and −4 + 2 λ = 6 µ 20
⇒ 2 λ − 6µ = 4 …(vii) (2) 10
(50, 0)
On solving Eqs. (vi) and (vii), we get
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
λ = −4, µ = −2 A (40, 0)
(1/2)
On putting the values of λ and µ in Eq. (v), we get
The values of Z at these corner points are calculated as
−4 + 6 = 2 [true]
Hence, for λ = −4, µ = −2, Eqs. (iii) and (iv) represent the Corner Z = 1500(7 x + 6 y )
same point. (1)
O(0, 0 ) Z=0
→
Position vector of point of intersection is r = − i$ − 6 $j − 12 k$ A(40, 0 ) Z = 1500(7 × 40 + 6 × 0 ) = 420000
∴Point of intersection is (−1, − 6, − 12 ). (1) B(30, 20 ) Z = 1500(7 × 30 + 6 × 20 )
28. Let the land allocated for crop A be x hectare and crop B = 495000 (maximum)
be y hectare. C(0, 50 ) Z = 1500(7 × 0 + 6 × 50 ) = 420000
Then, maximum area of the land available for two crops is The maximum profit is at point B(30, 20 )
50 hectare.
x + y ≤ 50 (1) ∴ 30 hec of land should be allocated for crop A and
20 hec of land should be allocated for crop B.
Liquid herbicide to be used for crops A and B are at the
rate of 20 L and 10 L per hectare, respectively. Value Yes, because excess use of herbicide can make
drainage water poisonous and shows it harms the life of
Maximum amount of herbicide to be used is 800 L. water living creature and wild life. (1)
20 x + 10 y ≤ 800 (1) 1 3 2
and 2 x + y ≤ 80 29. We have, A = 2 0 − 1
The profits from crops A and B per hectare are `10500 1 2 3  (1)
and ` 9000 respectively.
1 3 2  1 3 2 
Thus, total profit = (10500 x + 9000 y ) = ` 1500 (7 x + 6 y )
∴ A2 = 2 0 − 1 2 0 − 1
∴The mathematical formulation of the given problem is    
1 2 3  1 2 3 
Maximise Z = 1500 (7 x + 6 y )
1 + 6 + 2 3 + 0 + 4 2 − 3 + 6
Subject to the constraints
= 2 + 0 − 1 6 + 0 − 2 4 + 0 − 3
x + y ≤ 50 ...(i)  
1 + 4 + 3 3 + 0 + 6 2 − 2 + 9 (1)
2 x + y ≤ 80 ...(ii)
9 7 5
and x, y ≥ 0 ...(iii)
= 1 4 1
The corner points of feasible region are O(0, 0 ), A(40, 0 ),  
B(30, 20 ) and C(0, 50 ). (1/2) 8 9 9
 9 7 5 Or
Now, 4 A = 4 1 4 1
2
The given determinant
 
8 9 9 1 (1/ 2 )sin 2 A (1/ 2 )(1 + cos 2 A)
 36 28 20  = 1 (1/ 2 )sin 2 B (1/ 2 )(1 + cos 2 B) [C1 → C1 + C3 ]
=  4 16 4  ...(i) 1 (1/ 2 )sin 2C (1/ 2 )(1 + cos 2C )
 
32 36 36 1 sin 2 A 1 + cos 2 A
1
9 7 5 1 3 2  = ⋅ 1 sin 2 B 1 + cos 2 B
A3 = A2 ⋅ A = 1 4 1 2 0 − 1
4
∴ (1) 1 sin 2C 1 + cos 2C
   (1/2)
8 9 9 1 2 3 
1 sin 2 A 1 + cos 2 A
9 + 14 + 5 27 + 0 + 10 18 − 7 + 15 1
= ⋅ 0 sin 2 B − sin 2 A cos 2 B − cos 2 A
=  1+ 8 + 1 3+ 0 + 2 2 − 4+ 3  4
0 sin 2C − sin 2 A cos 2C − cos 2 A
 
8 + 18 + 9 24 + 0 + 18 16 − 9 + 27 
[R2 → R2 − R1, R3 → R3 − R1 ] (1/2)
28 37 26
1 sin 2 A 1 + cos 2 A
= 10 5 1  ...(ii)(1/2) 1
  = ⋅ 0 2 cos( A + B)sin(B − A) 2 sin( A + B)sin( A − B)
35 42 34 4
0 2 cos( A + C )sin(C − A) 2 sin( A + C )sin( A − C )
1 3 2  3 9 6  (1/2)
Now, 3 A = 3 2 0 − 1 = 6 0 − 3 ...(iii) (1) 1 sin 2 A 1 + cos 2 A
   
1 2 3  3 6 9  = sin( A − B)sin( A − C )⋅ 0 − cos( A + B) sin( A + B)
∴ A − 4 A + 11 I − 3 A = 0
3 2 0 − cos( A + C ) sin( A + C )

28 37 26  36 28 20   1 0 0 [taking 2 sin( A − B) and 2 sin( A − C ) common

LHS = 10 5 1  −  4 16 4  + 11 0 1 0 
from R2 and R3 respectively] (1/2)
     
35 42 34 32 36 36 0 0 1 1 sin 2 A 1 + cos 2 A
= sin( A − B)sin( A − C )⋅ 0 − cos(π − C ) sin(π − C )
3 9 6 
0 − cos(π − B) sin(π − B)
− 6 0 − 3
 
3 6 9  (1/2) [Q A + B + C = π ] (1)
1 sin 2 A 1 + cos 2 A
[from Eqs. (i), (ii) and (iii)]
= sin( A − B)sin( A − C ) 0 cos C sin C
28 − 36 + 11 − 3 37 − 28 + 0 − 9 26 − 20 + 0 − 6 
0 cos B sin B
=  10 − 4 + 0 − 6 5 − 16 + 11 − 0 1− 4 + 0 + 3  (1)
 
 35 − 32 + 0 − 3 42 − 36 − 0 − 6 34 − 36 + 11 − 9 = sin( A − B)sin( A − C )[sin B cos C − cos B sin C ]

0 0 0  = sin( A − B)sin( A − C )sin(B − C )

= 0 0 0  = O = RHS Hence proved. (1) = − sin( A − B)sin(B − C )sin(C − A) Hence proved. (2)
 
0 0 0 