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Acute kidney injury (AKI) refers to an abrupt decrease in kidney function, resulting in the
retention of urea and other nitrogenous waste products and in the dysregulation of extracellular
volume and electrolytes. The term AKI has largely replaced acute renal failure (ARF), reflecting
the recognition that smaller decrements in kidney function that do not result in overt organ
failure are of substantial clinical relevance and are associated with increased morbidity and
mortality.
Several consensus definitions of AKI have been developed in order to provide a uniform
definition of AKI. These definitions are based exclusively on the serum creatinine and urine
output and are used primarily to identify patients with AKI in epidemiologic and outcome studies.
They are of limited utility in the clinical assessment and management of patients with AKI.
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/definition-and-staging-criteria-of-acute-kidney-injury-in-adults
The heart working under increased pressure causes some different heart
disorders. Hypertensive heart disease includes heart failure, thickening of the
heart muscle, coronary artery disease, and other conditions.
Hypertensive heart disease can cause serious health problems. It’s the leading
cause of death from high blood pressure.
https://www.healthline.com/health/hypertensive-heart-disease