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Course Code : BCS-040
Course Title : Statistical Techniques
Assignment Number : BCA(IV)/040/Assignment/ 2015
Maximum Marks : 100
Weightage : 25%
1. If X is a Poisson variate and p(X = 3) > p(X = 2) then find the minimum value of mean.
ANS 1
Probability P(X=k) in Poisson discrete probability distribution is given by:
2. Ten individuals are chosen at random, from a normal population and their weights (in kg)
are found to be 63, 63, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 70, 71 and 71. In the light of this data set, test the
claim that the mean weight in population is 66 kg at 5% level of significance.
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ANS 2.
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3. I bought two packets of apples, 25 in each packet. The mean and standard deviation of
weights of apples in the first packet are 235 and 3; and the mean and standard deviation for
the second packet are 237.5 and 4. Write down the mean and standard deviation formulae
for all the fifty apples and compute them
ANS 3.
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4. Does each of the following statements pertain to an estimate or an estimator? If the
statement pertains to an estimate is it an interval estimate or point estimate? If the
statement pertains to an estimator write the estimator.
(i) The head of a publishing company says that the firm’s computer Science textbook will sell
about 9000 copies in 2012.
(ii) A census prefers the median to the mean as a measure of central tendency for the income
distribution of families in a standard metropolitan city.
(iii) A stock market analyst, who appears on the television programme, estimates that the
price of a particular common stock will be between 50 and 60 at the end of six months.
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ANS 4.
Estimate is a numerical value, like the average/mean of given data samples. Estimator is a rule
or formula for the statistic. This is the statistical variable that is represented by x in statistics.
1) The statement pertains to an average number of books sold during that year 2012... It is
about estimate.. 9000 copies. here estimator = number of CS text book copiess that will be sold
in a year.
2) The statistic that the Census prefers is the median.. Here we are talking about the estimator.
Which formula or rule to choose for best representing the distribution of income.
3) Here we are talking about the estimate.. the computed value of the expected price of stock.
x = estimator = price of the common stock after 6 months
5. A building has 11 flats. A sample of 4 flats is to be selected using
(i) linear systematic sampling and
(ii) circular systematic sampling. List all possible samples for each of these cases separately
ANS 5.
N = 11
n=4
N/n = 11/4 =2.75 nearest integer = 3
let k = 3
1) Linear systematic sampling
Let i = 1, sample : 1, 4, 7, 10
i = 2, sample : 2, 5 , 8 , 11
i =3 , sample : 3, 6, 9
2) Circular systematic sample:
i = 1, sample: 1, 4,7,10
2 2,5,8, 11
3 3,6,9,1
4 4,7,10,2 4
5 5, 8, 11, 3
6 6,9,1, 4
7 7,10,2,5
8 8,11,3,6
9 9,1,4,7
10 10,2,5,8
11 11,3,6,9
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6. Find the area under the curve between 10 and 12 for a normal process with mean 6 and
standard deviation 4.
ANS 6
7. There are 1000 pages in a book out of which 100 pages are defective. What is the
probability that out of first 50 pages 10 pages will be defective? 5
ANS
We can assume a probability distribution for this kind of problem. We can say that the number
of defective pages is a random variable X. The probability of a page being defective is random
and = 100/1000 = 0.1
In the first 50 pages, the expected number of defective pages is 50 * 0.1 = 5. Let X denote the
number of defective pages in the first 50 pages.
We can have 0 defective pages, 1 or 2 or 5 or 10 or 19 or 20 or up to 50 defective pages in the
first 50 pages of the book. That means,
0 <= X <= 50 and E(X) = λ = mean or expected value = 5
We can assume the Poission probability distribution or the Normal probability distribution to
solve this. We assume that X follows the Possion's probability distribution function.
Let us calculate the probabilities, with λ = 5.
P(X=10) <= 0.0181 = the probability that the number of defective pages is 10
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P(X>= 10) = 0.145. This is the probability that the number of defective pages is equal to or more
than 10.
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for info: we can also calculate P(X=0) = 0.006738
P(X=1)=0.0337 P(X=5) = 0.175
P(X=8) = 0.0653 P(X=9) = 0.0362
8. The no. of defects in 20 pieces of cloth each of 100 meter length is given below: 2, 1, 3, 3, 1,
6, 4, 3, 7, 10, 2, 2, 6, 4, 3, 2, 1, 5, 6, 4. Draw the appropriate control chart and interpret the
result.
ANS
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9. A random sample of 170 boys from 8502 boys in an area showed that 21 had some
nutritional deficiency. Estimate the proportion of nutritionally deficient boys and the
standard error of your estimate. Give the confidence interval also
ANS.
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10. A die is tossed twice. Getting an odd number in at least a toss is termed as a success. Find
the probability distribution of number of successes. Also find expected number of successes.
ANS.
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11. Find the probability that at most 5 defective fuses will be found in a box of 200, if
experience shows that 20% of such fuses are defective.
ANS.
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12. A sample of 900 members has a mean 3.4 cm and standard deviation 2.61 cm. Test
whether the sample is from a large population of mean 3.25 cm and standard deviation 2.61
cm. If the population is normal and its mean is unknown, find the 95% confidence interval for
population mean.
ANS
N_s = sample size = 900. μ_s = mean of the sample = 3.4 cm
σ_s = Standard deviation of the sample = 2.61 cm
Population mean μ₀ =3.25
Population standard deviation = σ₀ = 2.61 cm
student's t = (μ_s - μ₀) / *σ_s / √N_s +
t = (3.4 - 3.25) * √900 / 2.61 = 1.7241 10
Find the probability that -1.7241 <= t <= 1.7241 from the students t distribution
table or from a website that calculates these. Here the degrees of freedom (d.f)
are 899 = N_s - 1. Sample size is 900.
The probability we get is 0.915. Hence, we can say that the sample belongs to the population
with a probability 0.915 or a confidence level of 91.5%.
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The population is normal. we don't know its mean. We know sample size, mean and standard
deviation. We are given confidence level 95% = 0.95
Normal distribution variable: Z = (μ_s - μ₀) / (σ_s/√N_s)
Here σ_s = 2.61 cm, N_s = 900
We consult the Standard Normal Distribution tables. We find z such that
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P(0 <= Z <= z ) = 0.95/2 = 0.475,
or from the cumulative standard distribution table we find z such that :
P(-∞ < Z <= z ) = 0.5 + 0.95/2 = 0.975
Either way, we get the value z of variable Z for which the probability
P( -z <= Z <= z) = 95% = 0.95 is z = 1.96
-1.96 <= Z <= 1.96
-1.96 * σ_s <= √N_s * (μ_s - μ₀) <= 1.96 * σ_s
- 0.1705 <= (μ_s - μ₀) <= 0.1705 cm
As, μ_s = 3.4 cm :

3.4 - 0.1705 <= μ₀ <= 3.4+0.1705 cm
ie., range [3.23 cm , 3.57 ]
That will be the range of the population mean that we will estimate from the available sample
data.
13. The mean yield for one acre plot is 662 kg with a s.d. 32 kg. Assuming normal distribution,
how many one acre plot in a batch of 1000 plots would your expect to have yield between
600 and 750 kg.
ANS
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14. In 120 throws of a single dice, following distribution of faces was observed.
From the given data, verify that the hypothesis “dice is biased” is acceptable or not.
ANS.
H0: The die is unbiased
Ha:The die is biased
If the die were unbiased, each number has a probability of 1/6 in a single throw.
In 120 throws, one would expect (120)(1/6) = 20 throws for each numbers 1 - 6.
...O...E
1 30 20
2 25 20
3 18 20
4 10 20
5 22 20
6 15 20
O - observed
E - expected
Chi-squared = Σ(O-E)^2 /E
Chi-squared = (30-20)^2/20 +(25-20)^2/20 +(18 -20)^2/20+(10-20)^2/20+(22-20)^2/20+...

=12.9
The critical chi-squared with 5 degrees of freedom with significance level 0.05 is 11.07
Calculated chi-squared exceeds critical value, so reject H0.
We conclude that the die is biased
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As, μ_s = 3.4 cm :

Chi-squared = (30-20)^2/20 +(25-20)^2/20 +(18 -20)^2/20+(10-20)^2/20+(22-20)^2/20+...

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