ES 31 – Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer

Laboratory Exercise

Changitan, Sarah C. BSAENG’g 4 11/06/2018

1. The pressure gage on a 2.5mᶾ oxygen tank read 500 kPa.Determine the amount of
oxygen in the tank if the temperature is 28ᵒC and the atmospheric pressure is 97 kPa.

Given:
V = 2.5 m𝟑
Pgage = 500kPa
Patm. = 97kPa

 Since R is a universal Gas Constant of Oxygen, so

R= 0.2598kJ/kg.K

Solution:

Convertion
O₂
K = 28℃ + 273
V= 2.5mᶾ
= 301K
T= 28ᵒC
Pabs = Pgage + Patm
= 500kPa + 97kPa
= 597 kPa

 Treating O2 as an ideal Gas, Therefore;

Pv
m=
RT

(597kPa)(2.5𝒎𝟑 )
= 𝑘𝐽
(0.2598𝑘𝑔.𝐾)(301𝐾)

= 19.09kg
 2. A 400- L rigid tank contains 5 kg of air at 25ᵒC. Determine the reading on the pressure
gage if the atmospheric pressure is 97 kPa.

Given:
m = 5kg
Patm = 97kPa

 The gas constant of Air is;

R = 0.287 kPa. 𝑚3 /kg.K

Solution:

Convertion

K = 25℃ + 273 Pg
= 298K
Air
1 L = 0.001 𝑚3 400 L
400L = 0.4𝑚3
T= 25ᵒC
mRT
P=
V

𝑚3
5kg (0.287kPa.𝑘𝑔.𝐾)(298𝐾)
=
0.4𝑚3

= 1069.075kPa

Thus;

Pgage = P – Patm

= 1069.075kPa- 97kPa

= 972.075kPa
 3. A 1-mᶾ tank containing air at 25ᵒC and 500 kPa is connected through a valve to another
tank containing 5 kg of air at 35ᵒC and 200 kPa. Now the valve is opened, and the entire
system is allowed to reach thermal equilibrium with the surroundings, which are at
20ᵒC. Determine the volume of the second tank and the final equilibrium pressure.

A B
Air Air
T = 25ᵒC T = 35ᵒC
P = 500 kPa P = 200 kPa
V=𝟏𝒎𝟑 m=5kg

 The gas constant of Air is;

R= 0.287kPa. 𝑚3 /kg.K
Ts = 20ᵒC

Solution:

 Using the illustration as tank A and tank B, treating air as an ideal gas, the second tank
volume is to be determined and the mass of an air in tank A is also to be determined.

mRT
VB =( )B
P

5 kg (0.287 kPa .mᶾ/kg .K)(35+273)

=
200 kPa
= 2.21 mᶾ

PV
mA = ( )A
RT

500kPa(1m3 )
=
(0.287kJ/kmol.K)(25+273)

= 5.85 kg

Thus,

Vtotal = 1 m𝟑 + 2.21 m𝟑 = 3.21 m𝟑

Mtotal = 5 kg + 5.85 kg = 10.85 kg

  Then the final equilibrium pressure becomes

mRTs
PB = ( )
V

10.85 kg (0.287 kPa .mᶾ/kg .K)(20+273)

=
3.21 mᶾ

= 284.23 kPa

4. The pressure in an automobile tire depends on the temperature of the air in the tire.
When the air temperature is 25ᵒC , the pressure gage reads 210 kPa. If the volume of
the tire is 0.025 mᶾ, determine the pressure rise in the tire when the air temperature in
the tire rises to 50ᵒC. Also, determine the amount of air that must be bled off to restore
pressure to its original value at this temperature. Assume the atmospheric pressure is
100 kPa.

Given:
Pgage = 210kPa
Patm = 100kpa
R = 0.287 kJ/kg.K
V = 0.025m3

Solution:

Convertion

T1 = 2𝟓℃ + 273 = 298K

T2 = 5𝟎℃ + 273 = 323K

P1 = Pgage + Patm
= 210kPa + 100kPa
= 310kPa

P1V
m 1=
RT1

(310kPa)(0.025m3 )
= 𝑘𝐽
(0.287𝑘𝑔.𝐾)(298𝐾)

= 0.09062kg
 m1RT2
P2 = V
𝑘𝐽
0.09062𝑘𝑔(0.287𝑘𝑔.𝐾)(323𝐾)
=
0.025m3

= 336.02kPa

Prise = 336.02 - 310

= 26.02 kPa

 The temperature of the tire and the volume remain constant but the mass in the tire
becomes

P1V
m2 =
RT2

(310kPa)(0.025m3 )
= 𝑘𝐽
(0.287𝑘𝑔.𝐾)(323𝐾)

= 0.08369kg

Thus ,

∆m = 0.09062kg – 0.08369kg
= 0.00702kg