E— TEST EXERCISE 1 A-G The ship departs from Euboea and sails towards the Piraeus. Sdenothemis is looking towards the land. But Hegestratos remains below and is sinking the ship. For the fellow has an axe. The captain and Dikaiopolis are up above. They look towards the land and see both the dockyards and the Parthenon. But suddenly they hear the noise. Then they go down. carrain Who is making the noise? Do you sce, Dikaiopolis? pikarorotts Yes, Ise, For Hegestratos is making the noise, For he has an axe in his carr. sight hand. Don’t wait around, sailors, but help and chase the man, Hegestratos flees from below, while Sdenothemis remains above. The sailors come up from below. The men see the sailors clearly and throw themselves into the sea. The men escape into the sea, and in the sea they die. E~ TEST EXERCISE 1H-J So the ship sails towards the Piraeus, but the sailors do not know where the ship is, So they ask the captain where it is. The captain says that the ship is near the harbour. Suddenly the rhapsode recites Homer. It is clear that the man knows much about Homer. Dikatopolis teases the rhapsode. bixaropotis Do you know the business of a rhapsode, rhapsode? kHarsovE Of course. [ also know the skills of a genezal. What do you mean? (Lit. What are you saying?) For you are a rhapsode, not 2 general. Do you not know that the good rhapsode is at the same time also a good general? No, but I know that you are a fool, rhapsode. For you are the best rhapsode of the Greeks and expert in Homer. On matters of strategy, howeVer, you are not expert, nor do you know anything accurately. E - TEST EXERCISE 2 So when the Persian army and fleet are approaching, the Athenians quickly embark on their ships and sail towards Salamis. Them both the Athenians and the rest of the Greeks Keep quiet. Finally the Persian fleet arrives, and, when night comes, their ships sail slowly up and down. And when the day comes, the Persians advance swiftly to battle. but the Greeks are at a loss and are afraid. Finally they are no longer afraid, but are daring and attack the foreigners. So they fight in good order and defeat the foreigners. So the foreigners flee, and Xerxes also flees. So in this way the Greeks become free through their courage.E ~ TEST EXERCISE 3C-E While this ship is ssiling past the island, Dikaiopolis sees a light on the island. The captain knows Well that itis not a light but the fire signals. So he hurries into the harbour: for those fire signals reveal that the enemy are attacking the Athenians. The men in the harbour Wateh the fire signals and run home for their Weapons. For they know thot the danger is great. Great fear seizes the rhapsode. For he fears the Spartans. The sailors say that the Athenians are supreme at sea, and the Spartans by land. And the Spartans do not easily learn nautical technique. ‘So when the ship arrives in the harbour, Dikaiopolis and the rhapsode go towards the ships. And it is clear that these ships are going to a sea-battle. For the boat- swains are locking for the trierarchs, but they are sleeping peacefully. Finally these trlerarchs arrive at the harbour and get on board. Thea they offer their sac- rifices and pour their libations and put out to sea. E ~ TEST EXERCISE 4A-B youno Man Come over here and tell [me]. Why are you lamenting, friend? Are you Jamenting a son, Who Is Ill-fated, or a daughter or a wife? oLp AN Iam doing this because I am ill-fated, friend. For I am lamenting both my son, om. who Is no more, and my daughter who is now a corpse. You seem to be ill-fated indeed. But what is the reason? How are the people dying? Because of the plague, friend, corpses fall upon corpses and people die because they are ill-fated. We have many problems because of the plague. For I see the multitude of people are ill-fated, the city is in much perplexity and the people are short-lived and ill-fated So do not dishonour the gods and do not commit irreverent acts against the city, but be resolute and honour the gods. E ~ TEST EXERCISE 4C-D A stranger happens to be running into the shrine of Heracles. The stranger Is clearly suffering something dreadful, becatise some men are approaching quickly, pursuing him. The stranger eludes his pursvers [by] running into the shrine which in nearby. The pursters arrive and ask the rhapsode Where the stranger happens to be. For the rhapsode is clearly aware that the stranger is running away. (Lit. For it is clear that the stranger does not escape the rhapsode’s notice running away.) When the pursuers see him in the shrine, they drag him away, although he is shouting and calling upon the gods. The stranger does not stop lamenting and revealing What he is suffering, but the rhapsode and Dikaiopolis Keep quiet, as they are afrald of the Eleven. So in this way lawlessness and impiety occur in the city of the Athenians.E~ TEST EXERCISE 6 A young man happened to owe much money because of his horse-fever. So, while the father was always defending the lawsuits of his creditors, the creditors pursued him and did not stop exacting their dues. So the father and mother converse. rater You, wife, appear to be responsible for my troubles. For who took our son and talked to him about horses, except you? Who made our son horse-mad, except you? Now what shall I do? How shall I stop our debts? Motwer You are responsible, husband. As you are ignorant and a yokel, the young man does not love you or obey you, but since | am from the city he loves me particularly. But don’t worry about it. For [ have an idea. I will persuade and teach our son, and by persuading [him] | will stop [him] from his horse-madness. But [despite] teaching and persuading, the mother did not stop the young man, nor did their son stop being horse-mad. Finally the young man went into the thinkery of the sophists and became a student. He saw and heard many wise things, and the sophists taught him much. When the son learat the just and the unjust argument, the father said: FA. Hurrah hurrah! For now the creditors will not get their money any longer. For my son will win the lnwsnits through the tnjust argument, Which is stronger, and We shall escape our creditors. E - TEST EXERCISE 7 Some Amazons arrived in the land of the Scythians and disembarked from their boats, and falling on the land they Inid it waste. The Scythians defeated them in battle, and taking up their corpses and finding them to be women, wanted to have children by them. So they ordered theiz young men never to fight, but to go closer and become friends, and they sent them towards the Amazons, The Amazons, on seeing them following close by but not fighting, no longer worried about them. Then a Scythian, coming across an Amazon who was on her own, and becoming friendly [with her]. advised the others to do the same. and, if they came on any Amazons, to become friends. So the others obeyed, and eventually the Scythians and the Amazons began to live together. But the Amazons did not wish to go back to the mass of the Scythians. “For’, they said, ‘we cannot live with your women. For our customs and those of the Scythians are not the same.” So, taking their possessions and crossing the river, they found a land near by and lived in it. EXERCISE 1. (a) aorist (b) aorist (c) present (d) aorist (e) present (£) aorist (a) imperfect — (b) aorist (c) imperfect (d) aorist