pening and oping, evenin Be orm of exert, nly whe conse ha publener Testing of welded joints of thermoplastics plates and tubes: Technological bend test DVS - DEUTSCHER VERBAND FOR SCHWEISSEN UND \VERWANDTE VERFAHREN EV. Direction DVS 2203-5 vi nf Contents: 1 Scope 2 Method and desion 2.4 Requiremants on ost equipment Measurement of bend angle 2.1.2 Measurement of ram aispiacement 3” Performance 31 Evaluation Determination ofthe band angle Determinaton of tie ram asplacement Geodibad evaluation Study of paramolers;Comparison of methods Cciteta of faite Test report Normative references 312 313 1 scope ‘The bend test may be used in conjunction with other tests 0 assess the performance of butt welded assemblies made from thermoplastics matorals, ‘Welded parts wth comparable soam geometries, 2.9, on profes, can also be tested wit referenee to tis guideline ‘The bend angle, he ram cisplacement while bending and the fracture appearance when the tests terminated provide @ guide to the duchy of a welded joint and hence tho wo'd qualty The ductity properties ofthe material, the applied weld mothods and the gacmety ofthe fest specimens influence the achievable bend angle resp. ram eisplacement and they have to be taken in onsideraion while evaluating The results derived from the bend tests can only partly be used to-assoss the long tm behaviour of welded joints. ‘The bend tests cen also te used to optimize welding parameters, In this caso tis helpful touso nono standard test conditons (0-4 to decrease the test lomperature or to increase the speed of bensing) Table 1 Dimensions of he teat arvengement and the tes! apecimens. (august 1990) (SY 2. Method and design ‘The technological bend testis performed with reference to DIN, 50121 The tests shall be carried out atleast eight hours afer welding No heat treatment oporatons aro allowed to 80 cartiod outon the test specimen Fig. 1 shows the test arrangement ‘heknese otal gpaciman wath oftestspeamen| A {oiling of apecarion diame of am since Setweon ace of ole © Demeter ofthe roles nam ‘Sketen ofthe est arangement ‘am daslecoment end annie. Table 1 gives the dimensions of the test arangement and the lest specimans. The dimensions of he spacimens mentioned are Felated fo te nominal dimensions ofthe semi-finished products For a thickness > 30 mm itis recommended to reduce the thicknesses of tho ast spocimens to loss than 30 mm by matching from the sides in contact wih the ram end (pipes fram the outside}. In cage of apes the maximum thicknesses al the Test specimen width b ten thickness = [mm Pominal value Be otal mins 6 max:30 plate aee2 5 Bess 10 5215 sees. 20 2028530 distance between x05 of roles Ly iin) ‘diameter of ram a ‘minimum length Ly ds) [rm 750 200 200 250 300 Se ee a le “21 and those inveivec in prepsring this publication are exempt om any Babity DVS, Technical Committee, Working Group "Joining of Plastics (Ondars to: OVS eriag Gmbh. PO. Box "07965, 400'0 aldo, Garmny, Phane:+@0(0)211I90%-0, Tl: + 49(0}211/9991-150Page 2 to DVS 2203-5, edges of the specimens have to be taken into accaunt before ‘oping the chamlers. The dislance between the rolers for test Specimens with thickness > 30 mm which wil be tested without reduction of thickness is calculated withthe formula Lg=D+arae (B= 50 mm; a= 25 mm: $= thickness of test specimen). The wit of ram and the width of supports have to be larger than the width of specimen, The ram has to be posttoned in the middie ofthe woic. The tendency of he specimens to sip during testing can be reduced by using a corugated ram or grinding paper a the tip ofthe ram. In case of welded pipes the test specimens have to be cut uniformly distributed around the ercumference of te pipe. The test specimens shal be cut either radially or with paral sides The width of the specimens cut radialy is gven by the mean value ofthe largest and the smaiest width, Figure 2, Cross sections of specinens ot frm noes The beads have to be removed where the ram isin contact with the specmen during testing. A maximum of 1 mm of the longitisinal edges of the toast specimen to be subjected 10 texlension shall be removed at an angle of epproximately 45° ‘These chamfers shall be continous tough tre bead Figure 3. Geometry ofthe chants 24 Requirements on test equioment ‘The momen! when the tip of the rom isin contact with the specimen has fo be recorded reproducibly. The test procedure has to be stopped automaticaly or manually when the specimen breaks ora crack occurs, The result has to be recorded 2.4.4 Measurement of band angle The accuracy ofthe measuring device and the dsplay shall be at least 1". For this reason the equipment shall have an Slocironical or mechanical measuring dovice with sufficient precision. Due to the fact thatthe point of contact between the specimen and the rollers is moving continuously during tre test the result Shall o bo corrected By an non-inoar Scale, a correction factor o¢ {an appropriaie measuring equipment whichis able to guide the cenie 2.4.2. Mensurement of ram displacement ‘The accuracy of the measuring devlee and the display shal be 0.1 mm atleast 3 Performance Unless otherwise specified or fxed by technical specifications the test shal be carried out according to DIN 50014-23'50-2 [At least 6 test specimens shell be tested for each welded test piece. In the case of welded olaies, 3 tesl specimens shall be tested for each face of tho weld. In case of welded pipes the Inside shall be subjected to extension. ‘The ram speod is gan in table 2. Tablo2. Ram speed for some thermoplastics. ‘material test speed mimi PERO 0 PPR 50 PPH, 6 20 POF 2 PYCU o 24. Evaluntion ‘The technological bending test daes not provide values for the sign of thermoplastic constructions. Novertholess a spocialist, is able to assess generally the welded joints by the resuls ofthe formation beraviour ‘Tho rosuits of technological bending tosts can be evaluated in two ways, a8 bend angle or 2s ram displacement. Bend arle ‘and ram displacement cannot be transferred into each oer ‘mathematically aaa Determination ofthe bend angle ‘The bend angi is determined as the dference betwoen the fal angle viten either ractire occurs or a crack S visible and the inital angle. The angles at both ends of the specimen culside of the roles are measured. The bend angle is calculated by Addition of Both values. Possibly axistng anglo-doviations from the hodzonlal are tbe determined and considered (Fg, 4) ‘The full bonding ofthe specimen in the doscrbed tot equipment Is considared a8 “na falure” ard tre bond angle is defined wih @ valua oF 160" for th caleulaton of tho mean value, 3:42 Determination ofthe ram displacement ‘The ram displacement is determined as the dfferonce between to nal ram dsplacement when eltnr fracture occurs ora rack is vise andthe inal positon ofthe ram, The ful bending ofthe Specimen in the described test equipment is considered 2s “no falure’ and the ram displacement taken fom table 3 for the calculation of the maan value, Table 3. Rar dsplacements corresponding to the bend angle of 460" im enan of no fair forthe ale Thickness of test specimen [bend angle [ram displacement [eam] a Fn) 3e8< 5 © Beers 70 188520 180 85 errr 110 26<3=30 150 342 Good! bad evaluation For 8 goodibad evaluation the singe values shall be taken into consideration. Each value shall be equal of larger to the minimum bene angles or the minimurn ram displacements given in guideline OVS 2203-1. If up to two test specimens do not ‘chiave the minimum bend angla or ram clsplacament as spocifod in tho roquiromonts, two furhor test specimens from the ‘seme welded test place cut in the same cretion can be tested No more than two adltional test specimens shal be tested. The: ‘additional test specimens shall meet the requirements,bean ona #8) +10,°8) Figure 4 ‘Scnematis eaph ofthe determination af bend argo and mm Page 3 to DVS 2208-5 24.4 Study of paramaters!Comparizon of methods ‘The calculstion of arithmetic mean velues without addtional specimens i recommended in. the case of comparative inyestgatione sko optimizing welding parameters or optmizing welding procedures. 32 Criteria of fare ‘The test specimen can fall by @ spontaneous break or by starting 2 crack and continuous crack grown When either a crack occurs or 8 starting ereck becomes visible with the naked eva, the messured vale fe deleeyned. A starting crack has @ depth of ca. 0.5 mm. Condition for the sure recognition is @ suffer iluminaton of the critoal aroas of the lest specimen and a sufficient observation 8.9, by @ mor, 4 Test report ‘The test report shall refer to this guideline and it shall include et least the following information: ~ material, kind of delivery and designation ofthe product, ~ date and mothod ofthe wolded joint ~ positon ofthe test specimen inthe product ~ shape ofthe test specimen (ether rad or parallel sidos) ~ thickness of tho test specimens in mm (pominal value) ~ width ofthe test specimens in mm ~ number of the test specimens = conditioning while testing test speed in mmimin = bend ange or ram displacement kind of alure, crack progress if necessery test date 5 Normative references DIN 50014 Atmospheres and the technical application, standard atmosphere