12.

COOLER (E-216)

Fungsi : Mendinginkan produk dari sulfur burner (Q-210) menuju konverter (R-310)
Tipe : Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Bahan : Carbon Steel SA 212 Grade A
Jumlah : 1 buah

<10>
Gas Sulfur
T1 = 1042 o
C
= 1907.6 o
F t2 =
=
Digunakan pipa berukuran : 0.75
susunan pipa segitiga dengan pitch

didapat : a"t = 0.196

a't = 0.334
= 0.002
ID = 0.652
= 0.054

ΔP liquid = 10 psi
ΔP gas = 2 psi
Faktor kekotoran gabungan minimal
Menghitung Q air pendingin :
Data dari Appendiks B:
Q air masuk = 810552.640037845
Q air keluar = 5675225.54041327
Q air pendingin = Q air keluar - Q air masuk
= 1355504.9
= 1161907.7
= 4610817.88426431
Menghitung LTMD :
Hot fluid Cold fluid
1907.6 Higher temp 140
806 Lower temp 86
1102 Differences 54
(T1 - T2) (t2 - t1)

LMTD = Δt2 - Δt1 = 1048

 ln (Δt2 / Δt1) ln

T1 - T2 1102
R = =
t2 - t1 54
t2 - t1 54
S = =
T1 - t1 1821.6
Didapat FT = 0.87 (Kern

Δt = FT x LMTD
= 0.87 x 1166.4277752353
= 1014.7921644547 o
F
Menghitung Caloric Temperature :
ΔT = T1 - T2 =
Δt = t2 - t1 =

µ fluida panas = 0.31 cP

1907.6 + 806
Hot fluid Tc =
2
µ fluida dingin = 0.895 cP
140 + 86
Cold fluid tc =
2
(Kern,persamaan 5-28, hal 96)

Fluida Panas
μ(cp) 0.31
k(Btu/hr.ft.oF) 0.0024
Cp(Btu/lb.oF) 0.348
sg 1.5

● Trial nilai UD
Untuk cooler dengan sistem Gases - Water,
(Kern,tabel 8 halaman 840)
overall UD = 5 - 50 Btu/jam ft2 oF
Trial UD = 30 Btu/jam ft2 oF
Q
A =
UD x LMTD
 (Kern, hal 150)
4610817.9
=
30 Btu/jam ft2 oF
A
Nt =
L x a"
151.4536
= =
15 x 0.1963
Diperoleh Nt = 52
(Kern, tabel 9, hal 842)
ID shell = 10
Passes = 2

Koreksi nilai UD : A = Nt x L x a"

= 52
= 153.114
Q
UD =
A x LMTD
(Kern, hal 150)
= 4610817.88426431
153.114 x

Shell : Hot fluid (gas)

(umpan)
● Kesimpulan sementara hasil perancangan
IDs = 10 in = 0.8333333333 ft
C' = PT - OD
= 1 - 0.75 = 0.25
(ditetapkan)
B = Mendekati 1 . ID Shell
= 0,7 x 19.25 = 13.5
n' = 2
● Menghitung Nre Shell
as = ID C'B / 144 PT
10 x 0.25 x 13.5
=
144 x 1
= 0.234 ft2
Flow rate larutan masuk (App.A)
W = 107589.572 kg/jam
= 237191.970 lb/jam
Gs = W / as
237191.9704312
= = 1013896.66024765
 = = 1013896.66024765
0.234
(Kern,persamaan 7.2 hal 138)
Tc = 1356.8 o
F
Untuk shell side dengan OD 0.75 in
1 in triangular

de = 0.73 in
(Kern, fig 28, hal 838)
De = 0.06 ft
µ = 0.310 cp
De x Gs (Kern,halaman 150)
NRes =
μ x 2.42
= 0.06 x 1013896.66024765
0.310 x 2.42
= 82216.360

● Menghitung ho
Dengan NRes = 82216.360
jH = 300 (Kern, fig 28, hal 838)
pada Tc = 1356.8 o
F,
k = 0.0024 Btu/hr.ft.oF
Cp = 0.348 Btu/lb.oF

ho = jH x (k/De) x (Cp μ/k)1/3

( Kern persamaan 6.15-b halaman 112)

0.0024 x 0.348
= 300
0.06 x 0.0024
= 300 x 0.04 x 3.5555754484
ho = 42.082 Btu/jam ft2 oF

● Shell
Nres = 82216.3603017847
 f = 0.00017 (Kern, fig 29, hal 839)

N+1 = 12 x (L/B)
(Kern persamaan 7.43 hal 147)
N+1 = (12 x L x n')/B
= 12 x 15 x 2
13.5
= 26.716

sg = 1.5

f Gs2 IDs (N+1)

∆Ps =
5,22.1010 De sg Φs
(Kern, eq.7.44, hal 151)
= 0.00017 x 1013896.66024765
52200000000 x 0.06 x
= 0.817 psia

∆Ps = 0.8168182097 < 2 psia

Ka
Perhitungan UC :
 hio x ho 1055.3461502054 x
UC = =
hio + ho 1055.3461502054 +
= 40.469 Btu/jam ft2 oF

Perhitungan dirt factor :

UC - UD 40.469 -
RD = =
UC UD 40.469 x
= 0.009 Btu/jam ft2
RD minimal = 0.003 jam ft2 oF/Btu
Karena nilai RD lebih besar dari RD minimal, maka desain Heat Exchanger tersebut memenuhi

Spesifikasi
No. kode
Fungsi
Ketentuan
Bahan
Arus <10>
Suhu masuk
Arus Pendingin In
Arus <11>
Suhu keluar
Arus Pendingin out
Rd
Ketentuan ∆P Liquid
∆P Gas
ID
Baffle
Shell
Passes
∆P
OD
ID
BWG
Pitch
Tube
Panjang
Jumlah
Passes
∆P
Rd 0.009
Luas area 151.45
Jumlah 1
) menuju konverter (R-310)

Air pendingin t1 =
=

Gas <11>
60 o
C T2 = 430 o
C
140 o
F = 806 F
o

0.75 in OD 18 BWG, L = 15
= 1 in triangular

ft2
in2
ft2
in
ft

= 0.003 ft jam oF/Btu

37845 KJ = 193597.256 kkal

41327 KJ = 1355504.91942555 kkal
uar - Q air masuk
- 193597.256
kkal/jam
Btu/jam

Cold fluid Diff

140 1767.6 Δ t2
86 720 Δ t1
54 1047.6 (Δt2 - Δt1)
(t2 - t1)

1048 = 1166.4277752353 o
F
 1767.6
720

= 20.4

= 0.03

(Kern, fig 18, hal 828)

1101.6 o
F
54 o
F

(kurang dari 1 cP)

806
= 1356.8 o
F

(kurang dari 1 cP)

= 113 o
F

Fluida Panas Fluida Dingin

0.31 0.895
0.0024 0.342
0.348 0.999
1.5 1

tu/jam ft2 oF
Btu/jam ft2 oF
 Btu/jam
= 151.4536028745
x 1015 o
F

51.44

in

x 15 x 0.196
153.114 ft2 = 14.2242906 m2

.88426431 = 29.6746743357 ft2

1014.79

t fluid (gas)
mpan)
● simpulan sementara hasil per
DO
L
Nt
n
(Kusnaryo, halaman 22) Susunan pipa segitiga dengan pitch
13.5 in =
(Kern grafik 28 halaman 838)
● Menghitung Nre Tube
at = (Nt a') / (144 n)
13.5 =

=
Flow rate air pendingin masuk
W =
=

Gt = W / at
lb/jam ft2
 lb/jam ft2
= 85385.516375265
0.060
= 707940.716146831
(Kern,persamaan 7.2 hal 138)
Untuk tube side dengan OD 0.75 in
1 in triangular (Kern Tabel 10
di
Di
µ
(Kern figure 3 halaman 805)

NRet

● Menghitung hi
,maka Dengan NRet
jH =
pada tc
(pada gas) k =
Cp =

hi = jH x (k/Di) x (Cp μ/k)1/3

( Kern persamaan 6.15-b halaman 112

x 0.31 0.33 0.3420

= 140
0.0024 0.05
.5555754484 = 140 x
hi = 1213.9717985492

hio = hi x

= 1213.9717985492

= 1055.3461502054

EVALUASI ∆P
● Tube
Nret =
 f =

sg = 1

f Gt2
∆Pt =
5,22.1010

= 0.00016 x
52200000000
= 0.071

∆Pr

(Kern, eq.7.46, hal 153)

2 x 0.8333333333 x 26.7161410019
1.5 x 1 dengan nilai Gt

v2 62,5
2 gc 144
(memenuhi)

∆Pr

∆PT

∆PT

Karena ∆P < ∆P allowable, maka desain Heat Exchanger tersebut memenuhi

 42.08
42.08
Btu/jam ft2 oF

29.675
29.675
Btu/jam ft2 oF

, RD = 0.009

Tabel C.12 Spesifikasi Cooler (E-216)

Keterangan
E-216
Mendinginkan produk dari sulfur burner (Q-210) menuju konverte
Shell and Tube 1-2 Exchanger
Carbon steel
Arus <10> = 1042
Arus Pendingin In = 30
Arus <11> = 430
Arus Pendingin out = 60
Rd > 0.003
∆P Liquid < 10
∆P Gas < 2
ID = 10
Baffle = 13.5
Passes =
∆P = 0.817
OD = 0.75
ID = 0.652
BWG =
Pitch = 1
Panjang = 15
Jumlah =
Passes =
∆P = 8.071
0.009
151.45
1
 30 o
C
86 o
F

ft = 457.2 cm
(Kern, tabel 10, hal 843)
(Heat Transfer,Kern))
 ft2

Tube : Cold fluid

(air)
simpulan sementara hasil perancangan
= 0.75 in 18 BWG
= 15 ft
= 52
= 2
pipa segitiga dengan pitch
1 in de = 0.73 in
afik 28 halaman 838)
Menghitung Nre Tube
at = (Nt a') / (144 n)
52 x 0.334
144 x 2
0.060 ft2
e air pendingin masuk
38730.616 kg/jam
85385.516 lb/jam
 85385.516375265
0.060 x 2
707940.716146831 lb/jam ft2
rsamaan 7.2 hal 138)
be side dengan OD 0.75 in
in triangular (Kern Tabel 10 hal.843)
= 0.652 in
= 0.054 ft
= 0.895 cp
gure 3 halaman 805)

= di Gt
2.42 μ
= 0.054 x 707940.7
2.42 x 0.8950
= 17759.2589273025

Menghitung hi
= 17759.2589273025 ,maka
140 (Kern, fig 24, hal 834)
= 113 o
F,
0.342 Btu/hr.ft.oF (pada water)
0.999 Btu/lb.oF

x (k/Di) x (Cp μ/k)1/3

ersamaan 6.15-b halaman 112)

0.3420 x 0.999 x 0.90 0.33

0.05 x 0.342
6.2944785276 x 1.3775926146
13.9717985492 Btu/jam ft F 2 o

ID
OD
1213.9717985492 x 0.652
0.75
1055.3461502054

17759.2589273025
 0.00016 (Kern,fig 26,hal 836)

f Gt2 x L x n
5,22.1010 IDt sg Φt

707940.716146831 2 x 15 x 2
x 0.652 x 1 x 1

4n v2 62,5
=
sg 2 gc 144
q.7.46, hal 153)

= 707940.716146831 lb/hr.ft2

= 1

(Fig.27 hal 837,kern)

= 4 x 2 x 1
1
= 8

= ∆Pt + ∆Pr
= 0.0706833168 + 8
= 8.0706833168

< 10 psia (memenuhi)

nuhi
rangan
216
ner (Q-210) menuju konverter (R-310)
e 1-2 Exchanger
on steel
o
C
o
C
o
C
o
C
(hr)(ft2)(oF)/(btu)
psi
psi
in
in
2
psi
in
in
18
in triangular
ft
52
2
psi
(hr)(ft2)(oF)/(btu)
ft2
Buah
0.33
2