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Introduction:
For a big country like India water resources management strategy is important as it is used for
various purposes like drinking water, irrigation, water to industries, energy sector etc.,. A
proper water resource management would ensure a sustainable future with
adequate water for life, agriculture, economic development, social
ecology and environment. However, as per Central Water Commission, the current availability of
water has decreased from 1816 cubic meters (cu m) per person to 1544 cu m per person in
2011. This per capita water availability levels, as per Falkenmark Index most commonly used
measure of water scarcity, India is typically experiencing water stress. To prevent any
unforeseeable circumstances India’s water resources management strategy should establish
following goals:
1. Provide adequate and safe drinking water and water for proper
sanitation for citizens and live stock.
2. Provide irrigation to all farms (Har Khet Ko Pani) with improved on-farm water-use efficiency.
3. To provide water to industries, encourage industries to utilize recycled. Treated water ensures
zero discharges of untreated effluents from industrial units.
4. Ensure aviral and nirmal in the Ganga and other rivers along with their tributaries.
5. Implement additional water storage capacity project to ensure 100% utilization of surface
water.
6. Increasing and sustaining the level of ground water resources
Sustainable Environment:
In the wake of climate change, depleting natural resources marinating a sustainable environment
should remain the highest priority. The broad objective is to maintain a clean, green and healthy
environment with people’s participation to support higher and inclusive growth through
sustainable utilization of available natural resources. The goals for
India@2022 include setting targets in the respective areas and typically achieving them Air
pollution, solid waste management, water pollution and forestry.
About 302 polluted river stretches identified along 275 rivers, government has launched National
Mission for Clean Ganga to address this concern. The raise in air pollution can be attributed to
rapid industrialization, high urbanization, increased use of vehicles, uncontrolled burning of the
crop reside and emissions from coal power plants and brick kilns etc. forests are critical
to achieving sustainable environmental management. The ministry of Environment, forest and
climate Change release the Draft national forest Policy, 2018 largely focused on the production
and revenue generation aspects. Increasing the forest cover from present 25% to
33.3%. Solid waste generation and its effective treatment is a pressing issue as present estimated
62 million tonnes of annual waste generation.
Major constrains and recommendations in the sustainable environment:
1. Burning crop residue is the major contributor to air pollution, convincing farmers to
discontinue this practice is major challenge. To progressively
eliminate this government should introduce suitable modifications in
their guidelines of schemes for farm mechanization to provide support to farmers to purchase
equipment to collect transport and sell biomass to processing sites.
A task force on biomass management constituted by NITI Aayog under the “cleaner air, better
life” initiative has made few recommendations titled “Action plan for biomass management”:
- Extend financial support to farmers.
- Create a “Clean Air Impact Fund” to provide viability gap funding (VGF) for projects with long
gestation periods and low returns on investments.
- Upscale technologies for crop harvesting and utilization of the farm reside
- Reward and monitor at the local level
- Provide regulatory support for business models for the crop resides utilization.
- Create awareness amongst farmers for better soil management practices.
2. Solid waste management and air, water and soil pollution: effective implementation of solid
waste management rules, 2016. Remediation of contaminated sites, safe disposal of hazardous
substances, protection and restoration of ecosystems through stringent enforcement of relevant
Acts. Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana has already achieved resounding success and continued
effort is made.
4. Climate change: India has the target for generating 40% power from non-fossil fuel
based. Financial support for green climate initiatives. Designing a sustainable agriculture
to increase agricultural productivity and contribute significantly to achieving the vision of
doubling farmer’s income by 2022.