RECYCLING CO2

FROM SUN TO GAS

MORE THAN DOUBLING THE VALUE OF CLEAN HYDROGEN SUNSHYDROGEN.COM

CLEAN HYDROGEN NUMBERS

1 kilogram of hydrogen costs 57 KW-h of solar power and mixes with 5.5 k.g. of
carbon dioxide that results in 8 kilogram of methane worth approximately 1.85 $
in industrial value in methane gas and 11 cents in value of carbon credits. The 8
kilograms methane is 446 cubic feet of methane gas that has an energy of 131
KW-h, thereby more than doubling the original 57 KW-h.

1In Chile KW-p of solar produces 2400 KW-h per year which is 42 kilograms of
hydrogen, which results in 86 $ of value generated.

1KW-P of solar costs around 350 $.

THE SABATIER PROCESS

H2O Coal plant emmisions

Electrolysis CO capture
Renewable energy
Material:
composite sorbent
KCOAIO

H2 CO2
Sabatier
reaction

Material:
commercial Ni catalysit

CH4

https://www.pv-magazine.com/features/investors/module-price-index/ 1
COAL PLANT CO2 RECYCLING

The Sabatier process converts carbon dioxide and hydrogen

into synthetic natural gas.

1. Solar power 2. Electrolysis 3. H2 to LOHC

4. Oil tanker 5. LOHC transport 6. LOHC to H2

7. Coal power plant 8. Methane gas 9. Gas grid

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FUNDS FOR COAL PLANTS

INVESTOR INTEREST

• Revenues from CO2 emissions trading scheme

11 cents $

• Revenues from gas resale

1.85 $

• Total revenue about 2 $ per kilogram of hydrogen

• Market price of grey hydrogen is 1$ per kilogram

CARBON DIOXIDE CREDITS CALCULATIONS

The EU has an 20 euros an ton, carbon emissions trading system. 1 kilogram of

hydrogen takes out of the air 5.5 kilos of carbon dioxide, this is valued at an 11
cents and increases the hydrogen value therewith.

GAS RESALE CALCULATIONS

8 k.g. of methane comes from 1 k.g. of hydrogen when mixed with 5.5 k.g. of CO2.
8 k.g. of methane is the same as 446 cubic feet of methane gas
industrially worth 1,85$.

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INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEM

4
THE ‘SUN TO GAS’ EXPORT PROCESS

PROPOSED CONSORTIUM EXAMPLE

1
Can construct new concentrated solar
power plants that produce electricity.
or
Supplies durable PV panels to produce electricity

2
Installs the electrolysor
machines that use the produced electricity to
split H2O water into H2 gas and O gas.

Installs catalyzer LOHC

(Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrer) mixing
machines that reduces the volume density
of the hydrogen gas by five times and converts
it into a non explosive liquid.

4
Installs the storage containers for the
LOHC (Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrer)
liquid catalyzer.

5 TSAKOS
Shipping tanker collects and transports the
liquefied catalyzed gas to a gas grid.

5
6
Hydrogenious machine removes the
LOHC (Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrer)
catalyzer from the hydrogen gas
at the hydrogen delivery point

“The hydrogen gas can be mixed with carbon dioxide CO2,

to form methane and fed into the gas grid”

The hydrogen gas can be mixed with

carbon dioxide CO2, to form methane
and fed into the gas grid, can be fed
directly into some gas grids or can
be sold to the steel making industry.

“can be fed directly into some gas grids“

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HYDROGEN MARKETS

Industrial ‘grey hydrogen’ is produced from methane (CH4), using steam reforming (P5).

In the process large amounts of carbon dioxide are emitted into the air.

0.025 MWhe 1 MWhe natural gas

HYDROGEN IS USED IN THE

@ £ 95 / MWhe HHV @ £15 / MWh

05 MWhe
@ £95 /
• steal making MWhe

industry Steam methane

reformer

Capture £33-£ 23 / MWh,

CO2 to CCS Transport £10-£ 5 / MWh,
CARBON CAPTURE REWARDS 53 £ / MWh

• petrochemical

industry 1.21 MHh Efficiency =1.21 / 1+0.025+0.5 = 79% 1.21

Hydrogen HHV MWh Hydrogen
gas to grid

Steam-methane reforming reaction Cost

CH4 + H20 (+ heat) › CO2 + 3H2 1 MWh methane = £15
0.025 MWh electricity = £2.4
Water-gas shift reaction
CO + H2O › CO2 + H2 (+ small amount of heat)
0.5 MWh electricity / hilt = £47.5

• ammonia Combined
METHANE RESALE PRICE

Total cost for 1 MWh of H2 = £100

CH4 + 2H20 › CO2 + 4H2
industry METHANE RESALE PRICE
Very large industrial = £15 / MWh
Domestic = £45 / MWh

CH4 + 2H20 CO2 + 4H2

• transport
industry in Japan

• electrical grid back up services

• carbon dioxide recycling

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PROJECT INVESTMENT PROJECTIONS EXAMPLE

Investors would be able to buy equity shares in a new fund called ‘PV2G plants’. The firm 'PV2G plants' will
own the PV2G plants, the firm will have third parties in the consortium manage the power to gas plants.
Investors will receive equity dividends from the plants hydrogen gas producing sales revenues. The investor might
also benefit from possible share price rises, due to the funds expansion, increased know how and innovation.

SHARE EMISSION PROJECTIONS

• Year 1: plant with 3% ROI – 100 Euros per share

• Year 3: plants with 5% ROI – 120 Euros per share
• Year 6: plants with 7% ROI – 135 Euros per share
• Year 9: plants with 8 % ROI - 150 Euros per share
• Year 12: plants with 10 % ROI – 170 Euros per share

The increased return on investments for plants will depend on the economies of scale, operational
efficiency, innovations costs and productivity, as the number of plants owned by the invested in firm grows.

NUMBERS

Investment projections
• Concentrated power plants costs 1-2 million per 1 MW / PV plants cost 0.7 million per MW
• The electrolyser costs around 0.25 million per 1MW
• Other costs per MW are estimated at 0.25-1 million per MW
• Averaging the target scale investment cost at 0.7 - 1.2 million per MW

Production projections
• 5 Mw-h converts to around 100 kilo’s of hydrogen a day, resulting in 36,500 kilos of hydrogen a year.
The by-product of electrolysis is 750 Kilos of oxygen a day and 273,750 kilos of oxygen a year,
this can be used domestically in the generator.
• 1 kg of hydrogen has the same energy content as 1 gallon (3.2 kg) or 4 litres of gasoline,
fuel cell driving value of 15$ per kilogram, production price of 5$ and gas grid spot market
price between 1$ and 3$ when mixed with carbon dioxide to form methane.
• Resulting in an estimated revenue of 36,500$-182,500$ per year per MW.
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PROPOSED PLAN

The projects plan is to start with an pilot project in an exisiting of existing PV or one CSP
plant located near a port, that would have land available to expand the project to 20-100 plants.
The plants would be connected with electrical cables, using transported the electricity
at the port to generate the hydrogen gas with the the electrolyser and mix the H2
with the liquefying LOHC.

INVESTOR INTEREST

• Share dividends is projected to be around 3% to 15% a year

• Potential share price rise
• Secure investment in sustainable fuel production
• Investments that reduce inequality and provide induced employment
• Support for the domestic economy
• Produce fuel that reduces carbon dioxide emisions
• Existing and upcoming markets

INVESTMENT SECTORS TARGETED

• Investment banks
• Renewable energy projects investors
• Equity crowdfunding
• Renewable energy banks
• Shipping and gas companies
• Regional and public financing
• Gas associations

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GEOGRAPHIC'S

PV plants produce most gas in desert regions

future implementation is proposed to be expanded to the in the following countries:

Chile
Australia

• Egypt

• Tunisia

• Jordan

• Palestine

• Syria

• India

• Namibia

• Mexico

WHY THE LOCAL GOVERMENT SHOULD ENGAGE IN THE PROJECT

• Increase in high technology economy, from local work and expertise

• Induced employment and businesses, the funds will go to

productivity and employment

• Business tourism

• Reduced inequality

• A better image in the world in know how and technology

• New know how industries

• Develop an knowledge economy

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LOCATIONS TO IMPORT CLEAN HYDROGEN FROM

• Chile

• Australia

• Namibia

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CALCULATIONS

METHANE GENERATION

Hydrogen     H       1,00794 g/mol

Carbon     C        12,0107 g/mol
Oxygen     O         15,9994 g/mol 

H2 = 2 g/Mol
CO2 = 44 g/Mol
since Methane is CH4 

For the reaction you need 1 CO2 + 2 H2 -> 1CH4 + 1O2 .

1 Kg H2 would be 500 Mol of Dihydrogen,
500 Mol CO2 would be: 500 g x 44 g/Mol = 22000 g = 22 Kg
Mixed with 1 Kg = 500 Mol of H2 with 22 Kg = 500 Mol of CO2 and get out 500 Mol
of CH4. 

1 Mol of a gas has 22,4 liter at atmospheric pressure

Yit is generate 500 * 22,4 liter CH4 which is 11200 liter or 11,2 m3 of Methane.
The weight of your 500 Mol of Methane is: CH4 = 16 g/Mol so you get 16 g/Mol *
500 Mol = 8000 g = 8 Kg of Methane.

https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-d&q=cubic+feet+to+cubic+meters

the weight of Methane gas to be 0.554 kilogram per cubic meter, resulting  to
446.15 cubic feet of methane gas, "6,000 cubic feet of natural gas are worth about
6 x $4 = $24" 1 cubic feet of gas is worth 0.004 $>< 446.15 cubic feet of methane
gas= 1,84 $
446.15 cubic feet of methane is worth: about 2 euros
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PROJECT SUNSHYDROGEN

Production countries
Australia and Chile have ambitious targets to establish their own hydrogen economy and
become hydrogen fuel leader, to become a “ renewable energy exporter
and hydrogen fuel hotspot.”
To become a hydrogen fuel leader through PV2G: converting solar photovoltaic energy
into hydrogen by a process called electrolysis, splitting H2O water into hydrogen and
oxygen with electrical current. Most hydrogen today comes from steam reforming of
natural gas CH4 resulting H2 and polluting CO2.
Australia wants to “literally bottle sunshine through electrolysis and sell it,"

Coal plants CO2

There are many coal plants whose CO2 can be used to produce methane gas CH4 with H2
and CO2 throught the Sabatier process.

LOHC transport
Hydrogen can be stored in an LOHC - liquid oxide hydrogen carrier that reduces hydrogen
gas density up to 5 times as much as when hydrogen is in a liquid compressed hydrogen
form. LOHC makes hydrogen easy to store and transport around the world.

Objectives
The objective of this project is to open up new clean hydrogen markets in Europe, the US
and China and set up new PV2G hydrogen plants in Australia and Chile where potential
solar power and land is abundant.

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THE SUNS HYDROGEN

Suns Hydrogen is an organization focused on developing hydrogen markets,

both the supply and demand side.
To collaborate or for more information please email us on

info@sunshydrogen.com

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