Tidore

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For the language, see Tidore language. For the sultanate, see Sultanate of Tidore.
Tidore
Kota Tidore Kepulauan
City
Tidore Island, as seen from Ternate Island.
Tidore Island, as seen from Ternate Island.
Official seal of Tidore
Seal
Location within Maluku Islands
Location within Maluku Islands
Tidore is located in MalukuTidoreTidore
Location in Maluku, Halmahera and Indonesia
Show map of Maluku
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Coordinates: 0�41'N 127�24'ECoordinates: 0�41'N 127�24'E
Country Indonesia
Region Maluku Islands
Province North Maluku
Government
� Mayor Ali Ibrahim
� Vice Mayor Muhammad Senin
Area
� Total 1,550.37 km2 (598.60 sq mi)
Population (2015)
� Total 48,678
� Density 31/km2 (81/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+9 (Indonesia Eastern Time)
Postcodes
9xxxx
Area code (+62) 921
Vehicle registration DG
Website tidorekota.go.id
Tidore (Indonesian: Kota Tidore Kepulauan) is a city, island, and archipelago in
the Maluku Islands of eastern Indonesia, west of the larger island of Halmahera. In
the pre-colonial era, the Sultanate of Tidore was a major regional political and
economic power, and a fierce rival of nearby Ternate, just to the north.

Contents
1 Geography
2 History
3 Administration
4 Notes
5 References
6 External links
Geography
Tidore Island consists of a large stratovolcano which rises from the seafloor to an
elevation of 1,730 m (5,676 ft) above sea level at the conical Mount Kie Matubu on
the south end of the island. The northern side of the island contains a caldera,
Sabale, with two smaller volcanic cones within it.

Soasio is Tidore's capital. It has its own port, Goto, and it lies on the eastern
edge of the island. It has a mini bus terminal and a market. The sultan's palace
was rebuilt with completion in 2010.[1]

History

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Tidore was a spice-funded sultanate that was founded in 1409, and spent much of its
history in the shadow of Ternate, another sultanate.[2]

The sultans of Tidore ruled most of southern Halmahera, and, at times, controlled
Buru, Ambon and many of the islands off the coast of New Guinea. Tidore established
an alliance with the Spanish in the sixteenth century, and Spain had several forts
on the island. There was mutual distrust between the Tidorese and the Spaniards but
for the Tidorese the Spanish presence was helpful in resisting the incursions of
the Ternateans and their ally, the Dutch, who had a fort on Ternate. For the
Spanish, backing the Tidore state helped check the expansion of Dutch power that
threatened their nearby Asia-Pacific interests, provided a useful base right next
to the centre of Dutch power in the region and was a source of spices for trade.

Before the Spanish withdrawal from Tidore and Ternate in 1663, the Tidore
sultanate, although nominally part of the Spanish East Indies, established itself
as one of the strongest and most independent states in the region. After the
Spanish withdrawal it continued to resist direct control by the Dutch East India
Company (the VOC). Particularly under Sultan Saifuddin (r. 1657�1689), the Tidore
court was skilled at using Dutch payment for spices for gifts to strengthen
traditional ties with Tidore's traditional peripheral territories. As a result, he
was widely respected by many local populations, and had little need to call on
foreign military help for governing the kingdom, unlike Ternate which frequently
relied upon Dutch military assistance.

Tidore long remained an independent state, albeit with growing Dutch interference,
until the late eighteenth century. Like Ternate, Tidore allowed the Dutch spice
eradication program (extirpatie) to proceed in its territories. This program,
intended to strengthen the Dutch spice monopoly by limiting production to a few
places, impoverished Tidore and weakened its control over its periphery.

In 1781 Prince Nuku left Tidore and declared himself Sultan of the Papuan Islands.
This was the beginning of a guerilla war which lasted for many years. The Papuans
sided with the rebellious Prince Nuku. The British had sponsored Nuku as part of
their campaign against the Dutch in the Moluccas. Captain Thomas Forrest was
intimately connected with Nuku and represented the British as ambassador.

The sultanate was abolished in the Sukarno era and re-established in 1999 with the
36th sultan.[2] Tidore was largely spared from the sectarian conflict of 1999
across the Maluku Islands.[2]

Administration

Tidore Island featured in 1,000-rupiah banknote

The island constitutes a municipality (kotamadya) within the province of North
Maluku. The municipality covers an area of 1,645.73 square kilometres (635.42 sq
mi) and had a Census population of 90,055 in 2010, the mainland part (Oba) became
the city of Sofifi, the new provincial capital. This leaves 53,836 as the
population covering 127 km2 of land.[3]

The municipality includes the island of Tidore, together with two small islands
(Maitara and Mare), and the Oba section of Halmahera Island. It is divided into
eight districts (kecamatan), of which four constitute the island of Tidore
(including the two small islands) and the other four constitute the Oba area on the
'mainland' of Halmahera. These are tabulated below with their areas (in sq km) and
their populations at the 2010 Census.[4]

Name English name Area in

sq.km Population
Census
2010
Tidore (Tidore town) 24.4 18,477
Tidore Selatan South Tidore 30.1 13,129
Tidore Utara North Tidore 42.1 14,573
Tidore Timur East Tidore 30.4 7,657
(totals on Tidore Island) 127.0 53,836
Oba Utara North Oba 332.4 13,331
Oba Tengah Central Oba 620.2 7,659
Oba Oba 430.7 10,337
Oba Selatan South Oba 173.7 4,892
(totals on Halmahera Island) 1,557.0 36,219
Notes
Kompas
Witton, Patrick (2003). Indonesia. Melbourne: Lonely Planet. pp. 827�828. ISBN 1-
74059-154-2.
http://sp2010.bps.go.id/files/ebook/8272.pdf
Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
References
Andaya, Leonard Y. 1993. The world of Maluku: eastern Indonesia in the early modern
period. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 0-8248-1490-8.
External links
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclop�dia Britannica article Tidore.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tidore.
The History of the Spanish Presence in the Moluccas (Indonesia): the Spanish Forts
in Tidore Island, Maluku, Indonesia by Marco Ramerini
"Tidore". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution.
vte
Regencies and cities of North Maluku
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Islands of Maluku
North Maluku province
Bacan Halmahera Kayoa Moti Makian Morotai Obi Sula Ternate Tidore
Maluku province
Ambelau Ambon Aru Boano Buru Babar Banda Damar Haruku Kai Kelang Leti Liran Manipa
Manuk Nila Nusa Laut Romang Saparua Seram Serua Tanimbar Tayandu Watubela Wetar
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Spanish Empire
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Portuguese overseas empire
Authority control Edit this at Wikidata
MusicBrainz: 4bbfde2f-3e1e-4dea-be03-7b1255dd2cda
Categories: Former Dutch coloniesPopulated places in North MalukuStratovolcanoes of
IndonesiaVolcanoes of HalmaheraIslands of the Maluku IslandsCities in North
MalukuLandforms of North Maluku1109 establishments in Asia
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