DUHOK POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSTY

TECHNICAL COLLEGE OF ENGNEERING

PETROCHEMICAL ENGNEERING DEPARTMENT

NAME: OSAMA SAADI MAHMOOD

EX.NO : 1
GROUP: A
DATE: 16/2/2019
INTRODUCTION:
Conradson carbon residue apparatus is used to test
petroleum product to determin the amount of carbon
residue left after evaporation and pyrolysis of an oil and
to indicate relative cock forming prepesities
Conradson carbon residue, commonly known as
"Concarbon" or "CCR" is a laboratory test used to
provide an indication of the coke-forming tendencies of
an oil. Quantitatively, the test measures the amount of
carbonaceous residue remaining after the oil's
evaporation and pyrolysis. In general, the test is
applicable to petroleum products which are relatively
non-volatile, and which decompose on distillation at
atmospheric pressure. The phrase "Conradson carbon
residue" and its common names can refer to either the
test or the numerical value obtained from it.
A quantity of sample is weighed, placed in a crucible,
and subjected to destructive distillation. During a fixed
period of severe heating, the residue undergoes
cracking and coking reactions . At the termination of the
heating period, the crucible containing the
carbonaceous residue is cooled in a desiccator and
weighed. The residue remaining is calculated as a
percentage of the original sample, and reported as
Conradson carbon residue.
For burner fuel, Concarbon provides an approximation
of the tendency of the fuel to form deposits in
vaporizing pot-type and sleeve-type burners.
For diesel fuel, Concarbon correlates approximately with
combustion chamber deposits, provided that alkyl
nitrates are absent, or if present, that the test is
performed on the base fuel without additive.
For motor oil, Concarbon was once regarded as
indicative of the amount of carbonaceous deposits the
oil would form in the combustion chamber of an engine.
This is now considered to be of doubtful significance due
to the presence of additives in many oils.
For gas oil, Concarbon provides a useful correlation in
the manufacture of gas there from.
For delayed cokers, the Concarbon of the feed
correlates positively to the amount of coke that will be
produced.

Objective:
 To know how to separate carbon
from lubricating oils
 To be able to predict and study the
carbon deposit in lubricating
apperatus
Included accessories
1-Porcelain Crucible
2-Skidmore Crucible, with Iron Cover
3-Iron Crucible, with Cover
4-Iron Hood, with Bridge
5-Refractory Block
6-Nickel-Chrome Triangle Wire Support
7-Tripod
8-Burner
Procedure:
Weigh accurately the empty dry and clean crucible on the
analytical balance, m1, gm.
Shake thoroughly the sample to be tested, first heating to 50
oC when necessary to reduce its viscosity. Immediately

following the heating and shaking, filter test portion through

a 100 mesh screen.
A 10 g sample is weighed into a tarred porcelain or silica
crucible containing 2 glass beads 2.5 mm in diameter.
The crucible is placed in the center of skidmore crucible
which is set at the center of the iron crucible and covers are
applied to both of skidmore and iron crucible.
A strong flame is applied from the gas burner to have high
heat for a period of 10 min.
When smoke appears from the chimney the burner is moved
or tilted to ignite the vapor then removed temporarily.
When the vapor cease to burn the heat is reapplied until the
bottom of the sheet iron crucible is cherry red.
The burner is removed and the apparatus is cooled until no
smoke appears then the cover of the skidmore crucible is
removed (about 15 min).
The porcelain or silica crucible is removed and placed in the
desiccators, cooled and weighed again accurately, m3, gm
and % of carbon residue is calculated based on the original
sample.
Discussion:
2-what is the impact of carbon on the device and
equipment which treats crud oil and petroleum products
with high percentage of carbon residue?
3- which hydrocarbon are expected to have a higher
carbon residue? Why?
Ans
heavy oils have more carbon residue and yield more high-
carbon co-products, such as petroleum coke, than lighter oils.
When combusted, some of these petroleum products emit
more carbon dioxide than coal, with negative environmental
and climate consequences.

4- do impurities and suspended matters have any effect on the

result?
Calculation:
Calculate the carbon residue of the sample, from the equation:
M1 (mass of empty crucible) =29.23 g
M2 (mass of crucible + sample) =34.67 g
M3 (mass of residue + crucible) =29.36 g
𝒄𝒂𝒓𝒃𝒐𝒏 𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒖𝒆 𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆 %
𝑴𝟑 − 𝑴𝟏 𝟐𝟗. 𝟑𝟔 − 𝟐𝟗. 𝟐𝟑
= ∗ 𝟏𝟎𝟎 = ∗ 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝑴𝟐 − 𝑴𝟏 𝟑𝟒. 𝟔𝟕 − 𝟐𝟗. 𝟐𝟑
= 𝟐. 𝟑𝟖%
References
https://pentasflora.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/D189-
Carbon-Residue.pdf

https://www.humboldtmfg.com/conradson_carbon_residue_
apparatus.html

https://www.iso.org/standard/20865.html